By By Ms. Kanjana SuaysomMs. Kanjana SuaysomEnvironmental OfficerEnvironmental Officer

Pollution Control DepartmentPollution Control DepartmentTHAILANDTHAILAND

MITIGATION OF DUST POLLUTION MITIGATION OF DUST POLLUTION FROM AGGREGATE PLANTS FROM AGGREGATE PLANTS AND QUARRY OPERATIONSAND QUARRY OPERATIONS

BackgroundBackground

• Saraburi is one of several provinces having very high Saraburi is one of several provinces having very high

ambient particulate concentrations due to ambient particulate concentrations due to quarry quarry

operationsoperations, , aggregate plantsaggregate plants & Cement Plants & Cement Plants

• Nah Pralan sub-district is a small area located in Nah Pralan sub-district is a small area located in

Chalerm Phra-Kiat District, Saraburi, where major Chalerm Phra-Kiat District, Saraburi, where major

industrial activities are carried outindustrial activities are carried out

30 quarry operations30 quarry operations

55 aggregate plants55 aggregate plants

limestone & cement plants limestone & cement plants

others transportation activitiesothers transportation activities

Map of Nah Pralan areaMap of Nah Pralan area

Nah Pralan Local AuthorityNah Pralan Local Authority

Nah Pralan Nah Pralan MunicipalMunicipal

Thailand

Sources of Dust Problem at Nah Pralan areaSources of Dust Problem at Nah Pralan area

Sources of PM10 in Nah Pralan areaSources of PM10 in Nah Pralan area

Daily average of PM10 concentration Daily average of PM10 concentration in Nah Pralan area during 2000-2004in Nah Pralan area during 2000-2004

0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

PM

10 c

onc.

(mg.

/m3 )

Max Mean Min

Daily average standard = 120 mg./m3

Annual average standard = 50 mg./m3

Air Quality Index of PM10 in Air Quality Index of PM10 in Nah Pralan area during 2003-2005Nah Pralan area during 2003-2005

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350AQI

2003

2004

2005

>300 = Very dangerous 201-300 = Most impact to human health 101-200 = Impact to human health 51-100 = Moderate 0-50 = Good

 

 

 

 

 

• The National Environment Board has The National Environment Board has

designated Nah Pralan District to be designated Nah Pralan District to be

Pollution Control AreaPollution Control Area since April 19, since April 19,

20042004

• Monthly progress report of particulate Monthly progress report of particulate

problem in Nah Pralan area is required problem in Nah Pralan area is required

by the Cabinet since April 20, 2004by the Cabinet since April 20, 2004

Control Strategies and MeasuresControl Strategies and Measures

• Remediation &Remediation & SupportSupport• Law Compliance & EnforcementLaw Compliance & Enforcement

• Monitoring & InspectionMonitoring & Inspection • Public Participation & AwarenessPublic Participation & Awareness

• Research & StudyResearch & Study• Audit & EvaluationAudit & Evaluation

Mitigation & MeasuresMitigation & Measures

Remediation &Remediation & SupportSupport

• To remedy unefficient dust control units in To remedy unefficient dust control units in stone crushing plants ie; dry and wet stone crushing plants ie; dry and wet processes. processes.

• Road surface must be repaved Road surface must be repaved

• Do regularly cleaning by sweeper truckDo regularly cleaning by sweeper truck

• Planting the tree along the roadPlanting the tree along the road

• To rehabitate used rock minesTo rehabitate used rock mines

Law Compliance & EnforcementLaw Compliance & Enforcement

• To increase the efficiency of law enforcementTo increase the efficiency of law enforcement• The inspection program was strictly performed The inspection program was strictly performed

for major dust pollution sourcesfor major dust pollution sources– Fugitive dust from crushing processes was Fugitive dust from crushing processes was

measuredmeasured– All crushing plants are to install water supply and All crushing plants are to install water supply and

electricity metering devices at dust control unitselectricity metering devices at dust control units– Noise and vibration at rock mining and crushing Noise and vibration at rock mining and crushing

plants are to be monitoredplants are to be monitored– For mobile sources inspection, about 7,000 vehicles For mobile sources inspection, about 7,000 vehicles

were checked for black smoke by smoke opacity were checked for black smoke by smoke opacity metermeter

Monitoring & InspectionMonitoring & Inspection• The concentration of

PM10 and TSP in the ambient were measured by real-time monitoring unit and manual air sampler units

• Dust emission from point sources also be monitored – Cement plant– Grinding mills plants – Others

Public Participation & AwarenessPublic Participation & Awareness• Monitoring network was set up by local publicMonitoring network was set up by local public

• Campaign and training program “how to control air Campaign and training program “how to control air pollution” are provided to the local industrialpollution” are provided to the local industrial

• ““Big Cleaning Day” was organized to encourage public Big Cleaning Day” was organized to encourage public participation in cleaning up the main roadsparticipation in cleaning up the main roads

• A short message was also sent out to alert public and A short message was also sent out to alert public and persons in charge, when the concentration of PM10 persons in charge, when the concentration of PM10 continually exceed the NAQScontinually exceed the NAQS

• Public awareness for controlling and preventing dust Public awareness for controlling and preventing dust pollution was built up voluntarilypollution was built up voluntarily

• Re-pavement of public road & reforestationsRe-pavement of public road & reforestations

Research & StudyResearch & Study

• The Source Apportionment The Source Apportionment of Airborne Particulate of Airborne Particulate Matter was conducted Matter was conducted

• Health effect was also Health effect was also studied (general publics studied (general publics and workers in quarry and workers in quarry and aggregate plants)and aggregate plants)– 22 general publics and 6 22 general publics and 6

workers had dis-function by workers had dis-function by physical examination, physical examination,

– 3131 general publics and 83 general publics and 83 workers had dis-lung workers had dis-lung function by lung function function by lung function efficiency testefficiency test

– 5959 general publics and 153general publics and 153 workers had dis-lung workers had dis-lung function by chest X-ray test.function by chest X-ray test.

•The Carrying Capacity of Dust Pollution The Carrying Capacity of Dust Pollution - The study is going on now- The study is going on now

Mobile source43.25%point source

21.47%

area source35.29%

Audit and EvaluationAudit and Evaluation

• The progress of

mitigation measures

were followed up

through the

committee meeting

• Do report to the NEB

and the cabinet every

month

0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

2003 2004 2005

PM

10 c

onc.(m

g./

m3 )

Max Mean Min

Daily average standard = 120 mg./m3

Annual average standard = 50 mg./m3

0102030405060708090

100

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Perc

enta

ge

2004 2005

Percentage of day which PM10 level within the daily standard

Ambient PM10 Concentration in Nah Pralan area (Monthly) during2003-2005