By: Kaitlin Deason

AndConfidential Group Members

FCS 682 . Fall 2011

Obesity and Type II Diabetes in YouthAre weight management programs effective

for reducing the risk of type II diabetes in children ages 5-19?

Are weight management programs effective in reducing T2DM in children ages 5-19?

Research Question

Review

Based on current literature Obesity is associated with the development of T2DM Obesity affects some communities more than other Obesity shown to increase both impaired glucose

tolerance and insulin insensitivity, which are definite precursors for T2DM.

Lifestyle changes including increased physical activity and weight loss were shown to reverse, delay, and or prevent T2DM in children.

Review Cont.

Currently many programs aimed at reducing childhood obesity, and thereby T2DM.

According to number of children continuing to be diagnosed with T2DM that not enough is being done.

Still a huge need for additional widespread, population targeting, successful, weight management programs that incorporate a variety of healthy lifestyle factors in combination with education in order to prevent and reduce the number of children with type II diabetes in the United States.

Review Cont.

Approximately 16.9% of children and adolescence are obese

The prevalence of childhood T2DM ranges from .19 - 49.4 out of every 1000

Factors contributing to childhood obesity Obesity, sedentary lifestyles, family history, high-risk

ethnicity groups, and insulin resistanceObese children are at risk for T2DM

retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular and renal disease

40% of children who are obese at age 7 become obese adolescents, and 75% of adolescents who are obese become obese adults

The purpose is to determine the effects of an afterschool exercise program on weight loss and concurrent reduction in risk of type II Diabetes Mellitus

Hypothesis: An afterschool program with an exercise component will improve weight loss outcomes in children, and thus result in a lower risk of developing T2DM

hypothesis

Design

Population: Participants from elementary schools (K-6)

Stratified Random Sampling

Subgroups: African Americans, Latinos, and Caucasians

Childhood obesity is more prevalent in minority groups such as African Americans and Latinos

Sampling

Written consent will be obtained All collected data will be confidentialTrained medical staff will perform clinical examinationTrained staff will collect Height, Weight, and waist circumference using calibrated instruments Body mass index (BMI) will be calculated Blood sampling will be performed in fasting status Blood samples will be analyzed for triglycerides, LDL

and HDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, and insulin

Procedure and Research material

Dependent variables: BMI and Waist circumference: ratio continuous variables

Independent variable: having or not having the organized physical activity

Variables

Goal: Compare the mean of anthropometric measurement in the control group and the treatment group

t-test measures the tendency of relationship between the 35-40 minutes of organized exercises and BMI/waist circumference measurement in elementary school children

control and treatment groups have homogeneity of variance

t-test is robust and is the inferential statistics 2

used to determine the magnitude of the difference between organized exercises and anthropometric measurements

Cohen’s effect

Statistical Analysis

Hypothesis: An afterschool exercise program on weight loss and concurrent reduction in risk of type II Diabetes Mellitus

Research design: Pre-test, Post-test, True Experimental

Sampling: Simple Random Sampling Population: Participants from elementary schools

(K-6)Statistical method: t-test

Conclusion

Questions/Comments

?

References

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