by jack bundy. the capitol building was made for the congress to meet and presidential inaugurations
TRANSCRIPT
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By Jack Bundy
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The Capitol Building was made for the Congress to meet and Presidential inaugurations.
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Has been ongoing for over 200 years
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Pierre Charles L’Enfant
“A pedestal waiting for a monument”
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•Designed all of Washington D.C.
•Plans for Capitol were in his head
•Plans were to make very long roads
•Tore down a private home without permission
•Fired
•Refused to take money
•Died in poverty 1825
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Contest to find a design for building $500
• Free city lot
•
• Winner
• Dr. William Thornton’s
• simple design
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George Washington laid the first stone in 1793
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It was very hard labor for workers •The ground was
very muddy and soft
• Sandstone had to be ferried in on boats from Virginia
•Workers had to stay out in the wilderness for months at a time
•Congress moved in long before it was finished
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1803 Ben Latrobe first professional architect to work in America
Worked on Capitol until 1827 Finished both wingsand was working on the dome untilthe war started
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War 1812
•British set Capitol on fire
•Also burnt the White house down
•Unexpected rainstorm put the flames out
•George Washington portrait survived
•Capitol was damaged
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Model 1818
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Latrobe continued work on Capitol this time using limestone and marble
•Sandstone was deteriorating
• by 1827 $2.5 million
•Still not finished
•The first dome was finished in 1824
•After 30 years of building nobody liked it
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Improvements kept coming
•1832 running water
•1840’s gas lighting
•1860’s steam heat
•1874 first elevator installed
•1880’s electric lighting
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First photograph of Capitol
1846
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Congress got bigger with the growing number of states
•Another contest
•$500 prize
•5 architects won
• 1851 Expansion begins
•Exterior rebuilt with marble
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Larger building means larger dome
•Metal ribs are built around old
dome
•New exterior is built around
the metal
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The new dome was built of cast iron
•Taller
•Heavier
•Stronger
•Made of iron
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Construction slowed down
during Civil War•Used as hospital
•Gave shelter to 3,000 Union
soldiers
•Money was scarce
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Government felt construction should not stop
We needed to send a message to the world that we were still a strong country
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1863 Statue of Freedom is put on top of dome and it is finished
• 19 feet 6 inches tall
• Solid bronze• Almost 15,000 lbs.• Left hand holds
wreath and shield with 13 stripes
• Right hand holds a sword
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•Helmet has stars & stripes and
eagle
•Symbolizes Native American
costumes
•Tip of her crown is made of platinum to
protect her from lightning
•When she was put on top the
nearby forts gave a gun salute
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By 1868 The rest of the Capitol was for the most part finished
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Maintenance & Upkeep has kept an architect on staff constantly
• 1898 gas explosion
• Had to make it fireproof
• 1950’s air conditioning
• Upgrades on technology & security are ongoing
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Last renovation was finished in 1996
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Interior today is a meeting place for Congress and an art & history museum
• 540 rooms• President has his
own room• Some of the most
important moments in U.S. history took place here
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The first floor of the Capitol is the Crypt. It displays sculptures and exhibits
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Hall of Columns is 100 feet long and holds 28 marble columns
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Minton Tile Floors
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Old Supreme Court Chamber
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National Statuary Hall has statues of important people from all 50
states
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Brumidi Corridors are some of the most beautifully decorated parts of the capitol. He spent 25 years painting them.
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Most impressive part of the Capitol
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Brumidi’s The Apotheosis of Washington is painted on the ceiling
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Lower walls have paintings that show famous moments in U.S. history
•frieze
•paintings
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