business english ch 3 v2
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Business English at Work 2003 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
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Business English at Work
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Objectives
Demonstrate knowledge of terms used in sentenceconstruction.
Use correct ending punctuation for statements,
questions, commands, and exclamations.
Identify simple, compound, and complete subjects.Identify simple, compound, and complete
predicates.
PP 3-1acontinuedcontinued
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Objectives
Recognize direct objects, indirect objects, and othercomplements.
Identify normal and inverted sentence order patterns.
Differentiate between phrases and clauses.
Identify simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences.
Identify complete sentences, fragments, and run-on
sentences.
PP 3-1b
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Asentence consists of words correctly arranged
to form a complete statement or idea.
A Sentence
PP 3-2
A sentence
begins with a capital letter.
ends with an ending mark of punctuation.
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Do the words make sense?
Do the words indicate a complete thought?
Does the group of words begin with a capital
letter?Does the group of words end with a period,
question mark, or exclamation point?
Ask these questions to determine
whether words are a sentence.
PP 3-3
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Express statements (declarative sentences).End with a period.
We offer a 30-day return policy.
FourPurposes of Sentences
PP 3-4a
Ask questions (interrogative sentences).End with a question mark if direct questions.
Are the new brochures available yet?
End with a period if indirect questions.
He asked whether I planned to revise the news
release.
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Give commands and requests (imperative sentences).
End with a period.Direct Command
Place your order within two days to receive a discount.
Courteous Request
Will you please call me by the end of the week.
FourPurposes of Sentences
PP 3-4a
Express emotions (exclamatory sentences).
End with an exclamation point.Always satisfy your customers!
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Subject
Sentences Have Two Parts
PP 3-5
PredicateVerb (action or to be form)
Tells what the subject is doing or what the subject is
Often a noun or ronoun
Indicates who is s ea ing, who is s o en to, or who
or what is s o en about
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The simple subjectis the main word of the
subject.
Simple Subject
PP 3-6
Users can schedule unlimited sales calls
with contact management software.
We offer a discount to our employees.
utstanding customerservice is our goal.
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The compound subjectis two or more main
words in a subject.
Compound Subject
PP 3-7
Hudson Communications and Cellular Depot
share an office building in the Redwood Business
Park.
Evening hours and freeparkinginterest customers.
Focus groups, phone messages, and postal card
responses are all ways to obtain user opinions.
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The complete subjectconsists of the simple or
compound subject plus any of its modifiers.
Complete Subject
PP 3-8
Most customers comment on our window
displays.
ales brochures describe our products.Free upgrades and extra bonus miles
attract some travelers.
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The simple predicate is a single verb or verb
phrase.
Simple Predicate
PP 3-9
Tim speaks softly.
I take inventory once a week.
ur store hours are convenient.We have advertisedour sale in the local
newspaper.
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The compound predicate is two or more verbs.
Compound Predicate
PP 3-10
I researchedour orders and designedour latest
sales brochure.
ur accountant and the sales manageranalyzed
our sales and recommendednew pricing ofproducts.
ther companies have visitedour call center
and orderedsimilar telephone headsets.
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The complete predicate consists of the simple
or compound predicate plus all modifiers that
limit or describe the verbs.
Complete Predicate
PP 3-11
This short survey asks for your opinions about our
customer service.
ur company has an extensive video training
library.
The reports on this Website review a wide range of
customer service issues.
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Can be a noun or pronoun.
Completes the verb by answering the
questions whom?orwhat?after the verb.
A Direct Object
PP 3-12
Glenda plans seminars for our company.
Service companies need outstanding deliveryrecords.
My supervisor praised me for resolving the
problem.
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Can be a noun or pronoun.
Answers the questions to whom?orfor
whom?
Usually precedes the direct object.
Usually follows verb forms such as give,offer, wish, ship, make, refuse, present, or
send.
An Indirect Object
PP 3-13a
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Dynamic Designs offers me a 15 percent
discount.
The warehouse shipped Kerrythe furniture
last week.
ur company gives customers a money-back guarantee.
Examples of Indirect Objects
PP 3-13b
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Is a predicate noun or predicate pronoun that
follows a linking verb (am, are, is was, were).
Renames the subject.
A Subject Complement
PP 3-14
Richard Herrera is a customer service
representative.
We are the best sales team.
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Is a predicate adjective that follows a linking
verb (am, are, is, was, were).
Modifies (describes) the subject.
APredicate Complement
PP 3-15
Billboard advertising is expensive.
Customers are a companys most
important asset.
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Normal Order
Sentence Order
PP 3-16a
The subject appears first and the predicatefollows.
Jerry responded.
Your companys competitors hired several young
salespeople.I received the sales totals.
We wish you success.
The training video is free.
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Inverted Order
Sentence Order
PP 3-16b
The predicate or part of the predicate is beforethe subject.
There are many compliments about our customer service.
Here is the latest inventory report.
Shouldwe offerdiscounts to attract customers?
How much willa customer satisfaction survey cost?
n the Website are the details about our shipping
policies.
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Aphrase is a sequence of words which has
neither a subject nor a predicate.
Phrase
PP 3-17
Prepositional phrase: Begins with a preposition such as
of, in, at, and forand ends with a noun or pronoun. Does
not include a verb.
in our call center at our warehouse
Infinitive phrase: Begins with to and includes a verb form.
to offera compromise to requesta refund
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Aclause is a sequence of words with both a subject
and a predicate.
Clause
PP 3-18a
Independent clause: Is a complete sentence and can
stand alone.
We send a confirmation e-mail for each online order.
Dependent clause: Is not a complete sentence andcannot stand alone. It must be joined to an independent
clause to make sense.
When you call our customer service department,
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When a dependent clause introduces an
independent clause, place a comma at the endof the dependent clause.
Clause
PP 3-18b
If the office furniture was damaged in moving,
our standard guarantee still applies.Because we have 24-hour customer service,
we have three customer service shifts.
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Simple sentences
Compound sentences
Complex sentences
Compound-complex sentences
Sentence Formations
PP 3-19
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Asimple sentence is one independent clause
in a subject-verb pattern.
Simple Sentence
PP 3-20
We cancelled the order last week.
Racheland Ipurchased a subscription to AdvertisingAge.
Ourcustomers shop online and refer others to our Website.
The human relations specialistand my manager
recommended less phone work and offered me another
position.
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Acompound sentence is two independent
clauses connected by a coordinatingconjunction.
Compound Sentence
PP 3-21
Many of our ustomers are self-employed,
and t ey pur ase items for t emsel es.Limited quantities of t is productare available,
but e willship yourordernextweek.
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Acomplex sentence consists of an independent
clause and a dependent clause.
Complex Sentence
PP 3-22
When a product is listed as out of stock, your
order will be filled as soon as possible.
If your order cannot be shipped within 30 days,we will cancel the order.
Because I arrived late for the sale, I could not find
the items that I wanted.
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Acompound-complex sentence consists of
more than one independent clause and one ormore dependent clauses.
Compound-Complex Sentence
PP 3-23
If your order has not been shipped within 30 days, we
will notify you of this delay by e-mail, and you will
have the option to cancel your order.
When you receive a promotional code, enter it on
your order, but only one promotional code may be
used for each order.
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Asentence fragmentconsists of words,
phrases, or dependent clauses that cannot standalone and may contain subjects and predicates.
Sentence Fragment
PP 3-24
The multiple gift certificates
Ordered by phone last week
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Arun-on sentence is a complete sentence with
period or comma faults.
Run-On Sentence
PP 3-25
I want to order online credit card thefts worry
me.
Your serial number is provided with your productdocumentation you can also find the serial
number by opening the software and clicking on
the Help menu.
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Business English at Work 2003 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
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