business and management research welcome. lecture 2 business and management research?
TRANSCRIPT
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Business and Management Research
WELCOME
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Lecture 2Business and
management research?
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Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you should understand:
■ What is a business research?
■ What do business and management researchers study?
■ What is a research idea?
■ the definition of Goals and Objectives
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What is a business research?• Business research may be defined as a systematic inquiry whose objective is to provide the information that will allow managerial problems to be solved.
• Management problem : any problem or opportunity that requires a management decision.
•In real life, management problems are not always so clearly defined.
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What do business and management researchers study?
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What is the problem facing the researcher or manager?
Air Swiss CaseYou work for Air Swiss, an aviation company that is searching for new international partners. The senior vice president for development asks you to head a task force to investigate six companies that are potential candidates. You assemble a team composed of representatives from the relevant functional areas. Pertinent data are collected from public sources because of the sensitive nature of the project. You examine all of the following: company annual reports; articles in business journals, trade magazines and newspapers; financial analysts’ assessments; and company advertisements. Your team members then develop summary profiles of the candidate firms based on the characteristics gleaned from these sources. The final report highlights the opportunities and problems that acquisition of the target firm would bring to all areas of the business.
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DiscussionHow carefully you read and understood
the case?
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■ The researcher’s/manager’s problem is fairly well defined in the Air Swiss case. ■ In the Air Swiss case, the senior vice president for development must make a proposal to the president, or possibly the board of directors, about which is the preferred international partner with which to join forces.
DiscussionHow carefully you read and understood
the case?
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The research Spiral
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•The research begins with a problem and proceeds through data collection and analysis to the written report.
Research Process
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What is a research idea?
• Good research starts with something that catches your attention (Weick, 1992)
• A research idea is general enough to describe anything you might research (Lundberg, 1999)
• A research topic defines an area to research
• A research setting and sample will emerge
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Generating ideas for your research project
• Good ideas come from all kinds of places
• Don’t close down the idea-generation process too early
• Don’t let your method or context dictate your topic
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Getting to one idea
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Sources of ideas
– One that you identify– One that is identified for you by an organisational
sponsor– One that comes from the world– Make sure that it is relevant
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Brainstorming
• A technique for generating and selecting ideas
• Sources of ideas might include– Your personal interests– Your studies– Other students’ projects– Other sources
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Selecting ideas
• Does it meet the project requirements?
• Is it relevant to any practical problem?
• Am I interested in this project?
• Is it worth studying?
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Characteristics of good research topics
Your topic satisfies project guidelinesYour topic is feasible or possibleYour topic is relevant to business and
management practiceYour findings/recommendations are relevant to
your project stakeholders
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Refining your research topic
• Narrow down the topic to a reasonable scope using research questions that– define your research topic– define the nature of your research– define the issues that you will explore
• Use the literature for support
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Using a hierarchy of concepts to refine your research topic
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Goals and Objectives
Goal
Objective One
Objective Two
Objective Three
Maintain a clear connection between your goals and objectives.
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Goals/Objectives
• The most important element of a successful research is the development of attainable goals and measurable objectives
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Goals: Characteristics
• Describe the overall purpose of the research
• Describe broad outcomes and concepts (what we want to accomplish)
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Objectives
• Specifically state how the goals will be achieved• Are measurable: Define what you want to see
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SMART Objectives
• Specific: Be precise about what you are going to achieve
• Measurable: Quantify the objectives • Appropriate: Align with the needs of the
target audience • Realistic: Do you have the resources to
make the objective happen?• Time-Specific: State when you will
achieve the objective
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SMART: Specific Objectives
Specific: Be precise about what you are going to achieve
– Specify target– Specify intended outcome– One outcome per objective– Sample: By January 2010, at least 3% of the
engineering majors at the institution will be female
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SMART: Measurable Objectives
Measurable: Quantify the objectives – Use measures as indicators of program success– Sample: By January 2010, at least 3% of the
engineering majors at the institution will be female
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SMART: Appropriate Objectives
Appropriate: Align with the needs of the target audience
– Meeting the objective will advance the goal– Identify a specific target audience– Are inclusive of diversity within your group – Sample: By January 2010, at least 3% of the
engineering majors at the institution will be female– Note: The “A” is sometimes called “Attainable”
or “Achievable” in the literature.
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SMART: Realistic Objectives
Realistic : Do you have the resources to make the objective happen?
– Are important to stakeholders– Are adequately resourced – Can be achieved– Sample: By January 2010, at least 3% of the
engineering majors at the institution will be female
Take care on what you say you can do! The January 2009 baseline was 2%. Is a 1% increase in one year realistic?
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SMART: Time-Specific Objectives
Time-Specific: State when you will achieve the objective
– Provide timeframe indicating when objective will be met
– Sample: By January 2010, at least 3% of the engineering majors at the institution will be female