Webinar Series

Initiating City Bus

Services

Deep Dives

[ Operations +

Technology +

Resource

Productivity +

Bus Rapid Transit]

Bus Industry

Bus Karo v2.0

Talking Transit

Mainstreaming

Informal

http://embarqindiahub.org/publications/bus-karo-20-case-studies-india

Bus Reforms in India

Identifying the Opportunity

Initiating the Bus Services

Case Study: Gulbarga

Expansion of City Bus Services in NEKRTC

Questions

Urban Population in India: 377 million

70% reside in cities of population over a lakh

The Divide in Urban Population

Census data, 2011

49%

36%

15%

Class I UA/towns Million plus UA/towns Mega cities

49% reside in towns/UA between 0.1 and a million population

A Problem to be Tackled Today

468

53

30

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Class I UA/towns Million plus UA/towns Mega cities

Over 450 cities without formal modes of public

transportation

Rapidly expanding cities

Pressed with increasing congestion

Lack of mobility options

Reliance on Informal modes

50 Passengers

Too Many Auto rickshaws on the Road???

11 Auto-rickshaws

1 Bus

Critical Mass to Bus Based PT

Identify the Network

Starting a Bus Services

Calculate Ridership Demand

Determine Operational Plan

Mostly in planned cities

Identifying the Network

Grid Network vs Radial Network

May be a result of planning or organic growth

Central CBD with trips coming into central node

Identifying Activity Centres

Road that allow Operations

Connecting important activity

centres

Probable Routes

Identifying the Network

A preliminary draft for transport routes in Belgaum based on activity centres and road network

Origin Destination Surveys

Existing IPT Routes

Interchange points

Consolidating Routes

Identifying the Network

Identify Potential Riders

IPT systems: auto rickshaws,

private buses, minivans

Latent demand generated

Occupancy Surveys at key

points in corridor

Estimating Demand

Calculate Ridership Demand

Direct Services vs Directional Services

Determining Operational Plan

Major destinations

connected by direct

routes

No transfers

Suitable for smaller cities

with less routes

Determining Operational Plan

Combination of major and

minor travel corridors

Transfers between

services in different

directions

Suitable for larger cities

Direct Services Destination Based Services

Determining Frequency

Matching the Demand

Ensure good frequency

Manage peak off-peak demand variation

Determining Operational Plan

Plan for the fleet based on the demand:

Full length buses vs Midi buses

Integration with existing Transport hubs:

Railway station and inter-city bus stations

Passenger Information Systems

Transit Support Infrastructure

Branding of the Services

Points to consider

Case Study: Gulbarga

Population: 5.3 lakhs(2011)

Local Planning Area:

253 sqkm

Ring and Radial

network

Existing bus services

with 18000 daily

ridership (2012)

The City of Gulbarga

Source: CTTP Gulbarga, 2009

Existing city bus services

underperforming

Operational fleet of 17 buses

Flourishing IPT sector

Planning for the Services

Source: CTTP Gulbarga, 2009

Studies for CMP by

DULT suggesting city

bus services

Primary Surveys

Planning for the Services

Inauguration of services on November

40 buses

10 routes

Ridership achieved: 45000

Launching the ‘Nruptunga’ Service

Source: NEKRTC

Induce Shift from IPT

Generate Latent Demand

Getting People on Board

Competitive Fare Strategy:

Reduced Base Fares at

introduction

Ensure Customer Base:

Monthly and Annual Passes for

Frequent users

Provide better service quality: safer, more comfortable and

reliable option to IPT

Buses as per UBS - Floor height 650 mm- ITS such as GPS, ETM and PIS

Development of bus shelters by

NEKRTC

Getting People on Board

Improved Frequency of bus services

Reduction in waiting Time for Passengers

Getting People on Board

Two

-th

ird

s o

f

Pa

sse

ng

ers

ha

ve

wa

itin

g

Tim

e b

elo

w 8

min

ute

s

Two

-th

ird

s o

f

Pa

sse

ng

ers

ha

ve

wa

itin

g

Tim

e b

elo

w 8

min

ute

s

Source: NEKRTC, EMBARQ India

Bus Operations Performance

844844

68.5%68.5%

221221

Comparative

Figures of BMTC(2012-13)

Comparative

Figures of BMTC(2012-13)

38.9938.99

35.8035.80

Source: NEKRTC, EMBARQ IndiaBMTC Annual Report 2012-13

Resistance by Auto Drivers

Lack of Passenger Waiting infrastructure

Challenges Faced

Three fold

increase in

ridership

42% of users have

shifted from Auto

Rickshaws

Smaller walking

trips have also

been converted to

bus trips

Impact of Services

Walk

16%

Bicycle

4%

Auto

42%

Bus

29%

Car

0%

Two-wheeler

9%

Walk

Bicycle

Auto

Bus

Car

Two-wheeler

Source: NEKRTC, EMBARQ India

Expansion of City Bus Services in NEKRTC

Yadgir

BellaryHospet

Bidar

Koppal

Raichur

Sedam

Sindhnur

Gangawati

Cities with

Existing Services

Gulbarga

Bijapur

Jurisdiction in 6 districts of

Karnataka

Population of Cities ranging

from 70000 to 5.3 lakhs

Existing Services in three

cities

Expansion of Services

restrained since the city

services was loss making

NEKRTC

Timeline of Service Introduction

OCT2012

DEC 2012

MAY2013

OCT2013

NOV 2013

FEB2013

Introduction in GULBARGA with 40 buses

GULBARGA: 20 buses added

Services launched in BIJAPUR with 40 buses

Services launched in BELLARY - 33 buses

HOSPET – 18 buses

BIDAR - 16 buses

YADGIR – 7 buses

Services launched in RAICHUR - 20 buses

KOPPAL – 12 buses

Services launched in SEDAM - 6 buses

Expansion in fleet of Gulbarga, Bijapur and Yadgir

Implementation Strategies

HEADWAY 2 to 4 mins on dense corridors & 5 to 10mins on other corridors

BRANDING

FARE

Buses are branded as per local traits. Eachcity has a distinct color code of buses

Introductory offer of Rs. 3.00 for one week, Lower

than IPT fare 40% less than fare occurred in the

cities of similar size in other parts of the state.

IT & PIS LED display at front, rear, inside & side panel andautomated next stop announcement system

GULBARGA

YADGIR

RAICHR

KOPPAL

‘Nrupatunga’ -

Gulbarga “Kalayan karnatak”- Bidar

“Girinagar”- Yadgir

‘Vijaypur’-

Bijapur

“Vijaya Ratha”- Hospet

“Rayarath”- Raichur

Daily Ridership in cities

Population (lakhs)

Local

Planning

Area (sqkm)

Fleet Strength

Number of routes

Avg Daily Ridership

1 GULBARGA 5.32 253 78 22 944262 BELLARY 4.09 82 33 14 325053 BIJAPUR 3.26 97

54 12 693904 RAICHUR 2.33 60

20 4 255605 BIDAR 2.12 43

16 5 193606 HOSPET 2.06 50.92

18 7 180367 YADGIR 0.91 5.6

13 4 161078 KOPPAL 0.71 28.78

12 3 138249 SEDAM 0.32 5.5 6 2 255010 GANGAVATI 1.15 1.1

11 SINDHNUR 0.76 69

Financial Performance of Bus Services in Cities

Ridership/bus/day

EPKM (Rs) CPKM (Rs)Farebox

Ratio

1 GULBARGA 1250 32.25 30.2 1.07

2 BELLARY 985 28.9 30.7 0.94

3 BIJAPUR 1285 34.5 30.3 1.14

4 RAICHUR 1278 36.75 30.3 1.21

5 BIDAR 1210 33.69 30.5 1.1

6 HOSPET 1002 30.64 30.17 1.02

7 YADGIR 1239 33.52 30.7 1.09

8 KOPPAL 1152 28.82 30.5 0.94

9 SEDAM 1250 32.25 30.2 1.07

Overall 41% shift from autos

23% trips in buses were previously walk trips

Impact in Cities

CITIESWalk

(%)

Bicycle

(%)

Auto

(%)

Bus

(%)

Car

(%)

Two-

wheeler

(%)

Gulbarga 16 4 42 29 0.28 8

Bidar 29 3 21 41 0.35 6

Bellary 12 3 56 19 0.00 10

Raichur 22 6 43 24 0.00 7

Hospet 40 12 30 15 2.31 1

Koppal 47 5 36 4 0.42 8

Yadgir 19 3 54 19 0.25 5

Bijapur 16 7 53 17 1.80 5

Overall 23 4 41 24 1 7

Walk

23%

Bicycle

4%

Auto

41%

Bus

24%

Car

1%

Two-

wheeler

7%

MODAL SHIFT

Thank You !

http://embarqindiahub.org/publications/bus-karo-20-case-studies-india

For further questions contact

- basaligappa@gmail.com

- mpandey@embarqindia.org

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Questions

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