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GGGNNNIIIPPPSSSTTT BBBUUULLLLLLEEETTTIIINNN 22200011144411th July , 2014 Volume No.: 35 Issue No.: 02

Vision

TO REACH THE PINNACLE OF GLORY AS A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN THE FIELD OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BY KNOWLEDGE BASED

LEARNING AND PRACTICE

Contents • Message from

PRINCIPAL• Editorial board• Historical article• News Update• Knowledge based Article• Disease Related

Breaking News• Upcoming Events• Drugs Update• Campus News• Student’s Section• Editor’s Note• Archive

GNIPST Photo Gallery For your comments/contribution OR For Back-Issues, mailto:[email protected]

GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Website: http://gnipst.ac.in

THE ODD SEMESTER CLASSES WILL BE STARTED FROM 14TH JULY, 2014

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MESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL

"It can happen. It does happen. But it can't happen if you quit." Lauren Dane.

‘We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence then is not an act, but a habit.’ Aristotle

It gives me immense pleasure to pen a few words for our e-bulletin. At the onset I would like to thank the last year’s editors and congratulate the newly selected editors for the current year.

Our first consideration is always in the best interest of the students. Our goal is to promote academic excellence and continuous improvement.

I believe that excellence in education is aided by creating a learning environment in which all learners are supported in maximizing their potential and talents. Education needs to focus on personalized learning and instruction, while promoting an education system that is impartial, universally accessible, and meeting the needs of all students.

It is of paramount importance that our learners have sufficient motivation and encouragement in order to achieve their aims. We are all very proud of you, our students, and your accomplishments and look forward to watching as you put your mark on the profession in the years ahead.

The call of the time is to progress, not merely to move ahead. Our progressive Management is looking forward and wants our Institute to flourish as a Post Graduate Institute of Excellence. Steps are taken in this direction and fruits of these efforts will be received by our students in the near future. Our Teachers are committed and dedicated for the development of the institution by imparting their knowledge and play the role of facilitator as well as role model to our students.

The Pharmacy profession is thriving with a multitude of possibilities, opportunities and positive challenges. At Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, our focus is on holistic needs of our students.

I am confident that the students of GNIPST will recognize all the possibilities, take full advantage of the opportunities and meet the challenges with purpose and determination.

Excellence in Education is not a final destination, it is a continuous walk. I welcome you to join us on this path.

My best wishes to all.

Dr. A. Sengupta

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EDITORIAL BOARD

CHIEF EDITOR DR. ABHIJIT SENGUPTA EDITOR MS. JEENATARA BEGUM ASSOCIATE EDITOR MR. DIPANJAN MANDAL

HISTORICAL ARTICLE Slices of Life, circa 1872

January 1, 2013 By Dan Cossins

One of the most striking developments in 19th-century anatomical illustration was made possible not by a scalpel, but by a saw. Topographical anatomy, in which cadavers were sawed into slices to reveal a cross-sectional view of the organs and tissues inside, was attempted as early as the Renaissance. But, not surprisingly, the sawing motion distorted the placement of the body’s innards. It wasn’t until the early 1800s that Dutch anatomist Pieter de Riemer began to freeze the cadavers in order to harden tissues and ensure that organs stayed put when being sawed. Russian anatomist Nikolay Pirogov was one of the first to use the technique. He took advantage of Russia’s long, cold winters to


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deep-freeze bodies below -18 °C before slicing them up to create the illustrations that filled his four-volume Topographical Anatomy, published in 1851–54. But the most accurate topographical anatomist, and the man who did more than anyone else to popularize the approach, was Christian Wilhelm Braune, a professor at the University of Leipzig in Germany. “He was the master,” says Michael Sappol, historian at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. “He [was] at the top of his profession, and his work [became] the gold standard.” Braune describes parts of the process in his most famous book An Atlas of Topographical Anatomy: After Plane Sections of Frozen Bodies, originally published in German in 1872 and translated into English 5 years later. “[T]he section [was] carefully performed by means of a broad, fine-edged saw,” he wrote of the first of 30 colored woodblock lithographs presented in the book, “much in the same way as two workmen would saw the trunk of a tree.”

Working with both male and female cadavers, Braune sawed straight across the head, both underneath the nose and above the eyes, as well as down the center of the head along the sagittal plane to expose the full internal profile. He also sawed through the pelvis, just above the thighs. He even sliced up a pregnant woman, sawing directly through the womb and fetus. “It wasn’t like dissection,” Sappol says. “You could see the different parts in relation to each other in situ.”

The work must have been painstaking and gruesome, but the results were stunning. “They are incredibly beautiful; real eye candy,” says Sappol. They also provided new anatomical knowledge through both the images themselves and Braune’s detailed descriptions. “Whatever enthusiasm there was for anatomy at this point, it was created by Braune,” says Sappol.

Braune even inspires modern-day anatomists, Sappol adds, noting that his work paved the way for the Visible Human Project, a National Library of Medicine initiative to create three-dimensional


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representations of the human body. Only this time around, the cadavers were machine milled at intervals of 1 mm for the male and 0.33 mm for the female and digitally scanned, rather than carved up with a carpenter’s saw and traced by hand.

NEWS UPDATE

World Population Day: (11th July)

2014 Theme: Investing in Young People

As the world population edged to 7 billion people in 2011 (up from 2.5 billion in 1950), it has had profound implications for development. A world of 7 billion is both a challenge and an opportunity with implications on sustainability, urbanization, access to health services and youth empowerment.

Climate change may bring more kidney stones: (10th July, 2014) As daily temperatures increase, so does the number of patients seeking treatment for kidney stones. In a study that may both reflect and foretell a warming planet’s impact on human health, a research team found a link between hot days and kidney stones in 60,000 patients in several U.S. cities with varying climates.

How antioxidant can accelerate cancers and they don’t protect against them: (10th July, 2014) Two cancer researchers have proposed why antioxidant supplements might not be working to reduce cancer development, and why they may actually do more harm than good. Their insights are based on recent advances in the understanding of the system in our cells that establishes a natural balance between oxidizing and anti-oxidizing


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compounds. These compounds are involved in so-called redox (reduction and oxidation) reactions essential to cellular chemistry.

Working to loosen the grip of severe mental illness: (10th July, 2014) The underlying brain architecture of a person at rest is basically the same as that of a person performing a variety of tasks, a researcher has found. This is important to the study of mental illness, he says, because it is easier to analyze a brain at rest. "We can now observe people relaxing in the scanner and be confident that what we see is there all the time," says the lead researcher, who feared that the study might find that the brain reorganizes itself for every task.

Natural birth may strengthen immune system: (10th July, 2014) New knowledge about the immune system has been uncovered by a mouse study, which indicates that natural birth improves the immune system of the pups. Newborns delivered by natural birth are exposed to more bacteria from the mother. The newborn baby's immune system in this way learns to distinguish between its own harmless molecules and foreign molecules. In the experiment, pups delivered by Caesarean section showed a lower number of cells of a type that plays an important role in preventing reactive immune cells from responding to molecules from the body itself, from the diet and from harmless intestinal bacteria.

Distinguishing psoriasis from eczema: New diagnostic test: (10th July, 2014) In some patients, the chronic inflammatory skin diseases psoriasis and eczema are similar in appearance. Up to now, dermatologists have therefore had to base their decision on which treatment should be selected on their own experience and an examination of tissue samples. A team of researchers has now analyzed the molecular


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processes that occur in both diseases and discovered crucial differences. This has enabled them for the first time to gain a detailed understanding of the ways in which the respective disease process occurs.

No extra mutations in modified stem cells: (9th

July,2014) The ability to switch out one gene for another in a line of living stem cells has only crossed from science fiction to reality within this decade. As with any new technology, it brings with it both promise -- the hope of fixing disease-causing genes in humans, for example -- as well as questions and safety concerns. Now, scientists have put one of those concerns to rest: using gene-editing techniques on stem cells doesn't increase the overall occurrence of mutations in the cells.

Minimally invasive heart stents prove safer: (9th July, 2014) The safety benefits of aortic stent grafts inserted during minimally invasive surgery to repair abdominal aortic aneurysms – weaknesses in the body's largest artery that can rupture, causing potentially lethal internal bleeding -- have been studied by researchers. The study shows that patients who received the minimally invasive aortic repair procedure had a 42 percent reduction in preventable post-operative complications and a 72 percent reduction in mortality, compared with those who had undergone open repair surgery.

Bacteria hijack plentiful iron supply source to flourish: (9th July, 2014) In an era of increasing concern about antibiotic-resistant illness, researchers have identified a new pathway to disabling disease: blocking bacteria's access to iron. Scientists showed how bacterial siderophore, a small molecule, captures iron from two supply sources to fan bacterial growth -- as well as how the body launches a chemical counterassault against this infection process.


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Effect of depressed mood on pulmonary rehab completion: (9th July, 2014) People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who are also depressed have difficulty sticking to a pulmonary rehabilitation program, a study shows. This appears to be particularly true for women, and screening and brief treatment of depression should be considered as part of treatment. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common and often disabling inflammatory lung disease characterized by a progressive airway obstruction that is not fully reversible. An important component of non-medication treatment for COPD is multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation.

New medication shows promise in treating common skin disease: (9th July, 2014) An investigational medication shows promise in treating eczema or atopic dermatitis, the most common skin disorder, according to a study. The findings could eventually bring significant relief for many who suffer intense itching and other troubling features of atopic dermatitis, according to the study's lead author.

For detail mail to editor

KNOWLEDGE BASED ARTICLE Nephrolithiasis

Kidney stones (calculi) are jagged mineral deposits that form in the kidney and drop into the collecting system. Stones often get stuck and block the flow of urine and cause severe pain and blood in the urine. The kidney’s function is to filter the salts and minerals in the blood and produce the byproduct- urine. Stones form when crystals coalesce. 3% of all adults will suffer from kidney stones in their life. People who live or move to hot and humid environments increase


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their chance of developing a kidney stone due to dehydration. This is why 2 to 3 liters of water each day is the best way to prevent stones.

Preventing Kidney Stones:

Like many problems, making stones is an inherited trait. In addition, the greatest risk to having a second stone was having the first one. You can do several things to decrease your risk of making your first stone or making additional stones.

How to prevent ever making a stone: Always drink 2-3 liters of water a day. Caffeinated and sugared drinks act as diuretics and create a negative fluid balance. Never add salt to your food and limit salty foods. Decrease consumption of chocolate, tea, coffee and nuts. Even though most stones contain calcium, restricting calcium intake is NOT recommended.

How to reduce the risk of making more stones: Have your stone analyzed for composition. This will dictate what additional tests are needed to help prevent future stone formation. Continue drinking at least 2-3 liters of water a day.

Uric Acid Stones: Limit consumption of foods containing purines. This includes red meat and nuts. Your doctor may prescribe allopurinol to block the production of uric acid in addition to medicine to alkalinize the urine such as bicarbonate or PolyCitra. Calcium Stones: Do NOT limit consumption of calcium foods. Limit the consumption of high oxalate foods such as tea, coffee, cola, chocolate, nuts and green leafy vegetables such as spinach. After a thorough work-up, medications are tailored to the problem discovered. The most common sources include:


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1. Renal Leak Hypercalciuria.. This is when the kidneys spill excess calcium in the urine. Treatments include water, a stone dissolver such as UroCit-K and possibly hydrochlorothizide to reabsorb the calcium.

2. Absorptive Hypercalcemia: Excess calcium is discovered in the blood from the intestines absorbing more than enough calcium. Limiting oxalate containing foods and regular water drinking can treat this.

3. Resorptive Hypercalcemia: Excess calcium is discovered in the blood from resorbing the calcium in the bones. This is from an abnormality of the hormone PTH and needs be treated surgically.

Symptoms of Kidney Stones:

Kidney stone pain is described as one of the worst pains a healthy person can endure. Many women describe kidney stone pain as being worse than labor! The pain typically is on the side of the stone localizing to the back or flank. Many people suffering with a stone see no other alternative than going to the emergency room for relief of their anxiety and pain. As the stone travels toward the bladder, the location of the pain changes toward the current location of the stone. Often, the stone will irritate the kidney and cause blood to be seen in the urine (hematuria). Some stones will block the flow of urine and cause symptoms of nausea and vomiting.

Classic stone symptoms:

- Flank or back pain

- Nausea and vomiting

- Blood in the urine

- Frequent urination


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Diagnosis of Kidney Stones:

The diagnosis of a kidney stone can be made by symptoms alone. The ER team or urologist will likely confirm the presence of stone by checking your blood for kidney function (creatinine), check the urine for blood, and order at CT scan or X-ray to see how big and where the stone is. Once the diagnosis is made a decision of weather to treat the stone or let it pass will be made based on the stone’s size, location and your level of pain.

Types of Kidney Stones:

There are several varieties of Kidney stones. The most common type is calcium oxalate. Other types include uric acid, struvite and phosphorous. After your stone has been treated or passed, your doctor will check your urine for 24 hours and do blood tests. The results of these may show if excess of certain types of minerals are being spilled into your urine or are circulating in your blood.

Calcium Stones:

This is the most common type of stone. These stones cannot be dissolved with medicine. The only treatment is letting the small ones pass and treating the larger ones with ESWL or surgery. After the stones have be passed or removed, then preventing further formation is the priority. In addition to increasing fluid intake, citrate in the form of lemonade or citrate pills(UroCit-K, K-dur) should be added. Findings from the 24-hour urine collection or blood work may indicate additional medications to prevent further stone formation.

Uric Acid Stones:

This type of stone forms in patients with a metabolic purine abnormality such as gout. This stone does not show up on regular X-


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Rays and therefore, CT or ultrasound is needed to find them. Fortunately, uric acid stones can sometimes be dissolved with bicarbonate. If dissolving the stone is unsuccessful, then ESWL or surgery may be necessary.

Struvite Stones:

This type of stone is also called an infection stone. They form large stones in the kidney that typically need multiple surgical treatments.

Treatments:

Treatment of kidney stones depends of their size and location. Stones under 4mm have a 90% chance of passing without surgery. Stones bigger than 6mm only pass on their own 20%. Stones typically get stuck at the narrow points of the ureter. The first spot is the junction of the ureter with kidney (UPJ). The next hold up spot is midway toward the bladder where the blood vessels to the legs cross the ureter. The narrowest spot is at the junction of the bladder with the ureter (UVJ). When stones get stuck here the symptoms of urinary frequency and burning are often experienced.

Medical Treatment:

Medical or a conservative treatment may be decided upon if the stone is not blocking the kidney and pain is minimal. The most important medicines are water and time. 2-3 liters a day is a must.

Medications to help with pain are often used such as hydrocodone and ibuprofen. A follow-up CT or X-ray will show if any progress has been made.


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Surgical Treatment:

1. ESWL (extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy). This a minimally invasive treatment typically performed as an outpatient. Only IV sedation is needed to undergo ESWL. The stone is visualized on X-ray and shocked up to 3000 times over about a 30-minute session. This approach is ideal for Calcium stones up to 2 cm.

2. Ureteroscopy with Lasertripsy. If the stone is lodged in the ureter or ESWL was unsuccessful, this is highly successful approach. This minor surgery requires general anesthesia for about 2 hours. A fine fiber-optic scope is guided directly to the stone and a laser fiber is used to break the stone. A stent is usually placed in the ureter afterwards and will be removed in one week in the office.

3. Percutaneous Nephrostolithotomy (PCNL). This is a major but closed operation requiring one or two days admission to the hospital. This approach is best for large stones measuring more than 2 cm. A small tube is placed directly in the kidney to remove large amounts of stone.

4. Open Surgery. Open surgery is rarely performed for stones any more. Only if there is severe kidney damage or anatomic abnormalities should open surgery be offered.

DISEASE RELATED BREAKING NEWS

Ebola virus disease, West Africa: (8th July, 2014) New cases and deaths attributable to Ebola virus disease (EVD) continue to be reported by the Ministries of Health in the three West African countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Between 3 and 6 July 2014, 50 new cases of EVD, including 25 deaths, were reported from the three countries as follows: Guinea, 0


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new cases and 2 deaths; Liberia, 16 new cases with 9 deaths; and Sierra Leone 34 new cases and 14 deaths. These numbers include laboratory-confirmed, probable, and suspect cases and deaths of EVD. As of 6 July 2014, the cumulative number of cases attributed to EVD in the three countries stands at 844, including 518 deaths. The distribution and classification of the cases are as follows: Guinea, 408 cases (294 confirmed, 96 probable, and 18 suspected) and 307 deaths (195 confirmed, 96 probable, and 16 suspected); Liberia, 131 cases (63 confirmed, 30 probable, and 38 suspected) and 84 deaths (41 confirmed, 28 probable, and 15 suspected); and Sierra Leone, 305 cases (269 confirmed, 34 probable, and 2 suspected) and 127 deaths (114 confirmed, 11 probable, and 2 suspected).Read more

UPCOMING EVENTS 5th International Conference on Stem Cells and Cancer 2014, JNU Convention Centre, New Delhi,India from 8-10 November.2014

DRUGS UPDATES

Mylan Launches Generic Micardis Tablets:(8th July, 2014)

Mylan Inc. (Nasdaq: MYL) today announced that it has launched Telmisartan Tablets USP, 20 mg, 40 mg and 80 mg, the generic version of Boehringer Ingelheim's Micardis® Tablets. Mylan received final approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) for this product, which is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Read more


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http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_07_08_ebola/en/

http://www.drugs.com/news/mylan-launches-micardis-52286.html

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CAMPUS NEWS

We congratulate the following M.Pharm. final year students who have made their positions in different pharmaceutical companies.

Anirban Banerjee (Emami Ltd.)

Mahender Roy (Stadmed private Ltd.)

We congratulate the following B.Pharm. final year students for their success.

Samadrita Mukherjee (Abbott India Ltd.)

Suman Sarkar (Tata Medical Centre-Apollo Pharmacy)

Satarupa Bhattacharya (admission in M.Pharm, Pharmaceutics, Jadavpur University)

Sandipan Sarkar (admission in M.Pharm, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune)

The following B.Pharm. final year students have qualified, GPAT-2014. We congratulate them all.

Utsha Singha

Satarupa Bhattacharya

Sandipan Sarkar

Purbali Chakraborty

Reminiscence, 2014(GNIPST Reunion) was held in College campus on 2nd February,2014.


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1st Annual Sports of GNIPST was held on 3rd February,2014 in College campus ground.

An industrial tour and biodiversity tour was conducted in Sikkim for B.Pharm and B.Sc. students under the supervision of Mr. Asis Bala, Ms. Jeentara Begum and Ms. Moumita Chowdhury.

B.Pharm 3rd year won the GNIPST Football Champions trophy, 2013. B.Pharm 3rd year won the final match 1-0 against B.Pharm 2nd year. Deep Chakraborty was the only scorer of the final.

STUDENTS’ SECTION WHO CAN ANSWER FIRST????

Name of which football stadium also literary means green bird?

What is agleophbia?

Answer of Previous Issue’s Questions: A) Buenos aires B) Sachin tendulkar

Identify the person

Answer of Previous Issue’s Image: Walt Disney


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Send your thoughts/ Quiz/Puzzles/games/write-ups or any other contributions for Students’ Section& answers of this Section at [email protected]

EDITOR’S NOTE

It is a great pleasure for me to publish the 2nd issue of 35th Volume of GNIPST BULLETIN. All the followers of GNIPST BULLETIN are able to avail the bulletin through facebook account ‘GNIPST bulletin’ I am very much thankful to all the GNIPST members and readers who are giving their valuable comments, encouragements and supports. I am also thankful to Dr. Abhijit Sengupta, Director of GNIPST for his valuable advice and encouragement. Special thanks to Dr. Prerona Saha, Mr. Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar and Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya for their kind co-operation and technical supports. An important part of the improvement of the bulletin is the contribution of the readers. You are invited to send in your write ups, notes, critiques or any kind of contribution for the forthcoming special and regular issue.

ARCHIVE

Students of GNIPST organized pre puja celebration programme, ‘Saaranya’ on 7th October, 2013 in college Auditorium.

GNIPST organized a garment distribution programme on 28th September, 2013 at Dakshineswar Kali Temple and Adyapith, Kolkata. On this remarkable event about hundred people have


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received garments. More than hundred students and most of the faculties participated on that day with lot of enthusiasm.

GNIPST celebrated World Heart Day (29th September) and Pharmacist’s Day (25th September) on 25th and 26th September, 2013 in GNIPST Auditorium. A seminar on ‘Violence against woman’ and ‘female foeticide’ was held on GNIPST Auditorium on 25th September organized by JABALA Action Research Organization. On 26th September an intra-college Oral and Poster presentation competition related to World Pharmacist’s day and Heart day was held in GNIPST. Ms. Purbali Chakraborty of B.Pharm 4th year won the first prize in Oral Presentation. The winner of Poster presentation was the group of Ms. Utsa Sinha, Mr. Koushik Saha and Mr. Niladri Banerjee (B.Pharm 4th year). A good number of students have participated in both the competition with their valuable views.

Teacher’s day was celebrated on 5th September, 2013 by the students of GNIPST in GNIPST Auditorium.

Azalea (exotic flower ) , the fresher welcome programme for newcomers of GNIPST in the session 2013-14 was held on 8th August in GNIPST Auditorium.

One day seminar cum teachers’ development programme for school teachers on the theme of “Recent Trends of Life Sciences in Higher Education” organized by GNIPST held on 29th June, 2013 at GNIPST auditorium. The programme was inaugurated by Prof . Asit Guha, Director of JIS Group, Mr. U.S. Mukherjee, Dy Director of JIS Group and Dr. Abhijit Sengupta, Director cum Principal of GNIPST with lamp lighting. The programme started


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with an opening song performed by the B.Pharm students of this institute. The seminar consists of a series of lectures, video presentations and poster session. On the pre lunch session 4 lectures were given by Dr. Lopamudra Dutta, Mr. Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar, Ms. Swati Nandy and Ms. Tamalika Chakraborty respectively. On their presentation the speakers enlighten the recent development of Pharmacy, Genetics and Microbiology and their correlation with Life Sciences. On the post lunch session, Ms. Saini Setua and Ms. Sanchari Bhattacharjee explained the recent development and career opportunities in Biotechnology and Hospital Management. The programme was concluded with valedictory session and certificate distribution. About 50 Higher secondary school teachers from different schools of Kolkata and North& South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal participated in this programme. A good interactive session between participants and speakers was observed in the seminar. The seminar was a great success with the effort of faculties, staffs and students of our Institute. It was a unique discussion platform for school teachers and professional of the emerging and newer branches of Life Science.

The general body meeting of APTI, Bengal Branch has been conducted at GNIPST on 15th June, 2012. The program started with a nice presentation by Dr. Pulok Kr. Mukherjee, School of Natural Products, JU on the skill to write a good manuscript for publication in impact journals. It was followed by nearly two hour long discussion among more than thirty participants on different aspects of pharmacy education. Five nonmember participants applied for membership on that very day.


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GNIPST is now approved by AICTE and affiliated to WBUT for conducting the two years’ post graduate course (M.Pharm) in PHARMACOLOGY. The approved number of seat is 18.

The number of seats in B.Pharm. has been increased from 60 to 120.

AICTE has sanctioned a release of grant under Research Promotion Scheme (RPS) during the financial year 2012-13to GNIPST as per the details below: a. Beneficiary Institution: Guru Nanak Institution of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology. b. Principal Investigator: Dr. LopamudraDutta.

c. Grant-in-aid sanctioned:Rs. 16,25000/- only d. Approved duration: 3 years

e. Title of the project: Screening and identification of potential medicinal plant of Purulia & Bankura districts of West Bengal with respect to diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, Jaundice, hypertension and developing biotechnological tools for enhancing bioactive molecules in these plants.


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