BUILDINGCITIZENSHIPCIVICS&ECONOMICS

Remy • Patrick • Saffell • Clayton

• EducationBothell, WA • Chicago, IL • Columbus, OH • New York, NY

LESSON1 Being an American 421STCENTURYSKlllS .. : 721STCENTURYSKlllS 10

LESSON2 Becoming a Citizen 11

LANDMARKSUPREMECOURTCASES Dred Scottv. Sandford .. 17

LESSON 3 Duties and Responsibilitiesof American Citizens . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18

21STCENTURYSKlllS 21WHYIT MAlTERS 22TEENCITIZENSIN ACTION 23

LESSON4 Forms of Government 2621STCENTURYSKlllS 30

There's More Online ..•GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS American Population

• Characteristics of Citizenship • Taking Part in Civic Ufe• Democratic and Authoritarian Governments

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE MAP United States Immigration, 2009INTERACTIVE GRAPHS U.S.Foreign-Born Population,

1850-2020 ·Ethnic Diversity of the United States, 2010• Foreign-Born Population by Nation of Origin

INTERACTIVE CHARTS Citizens' Duties and Responsibilities• Functionsof Government • Prindples of American Democracy• Comparing Democratic and Authoritarian Systems

INFOGRAPHIC Volunteering in AmericaGAME Sampie Questions on the Naturalization Test

lESSON 1 Influences on AmericanColonial Government 40

21ST CENTURYSKlllS 45WHY IT MAlTERS 46

lESSON 2 Settlement, Culture, andGovernment of the Colonies ..... 48

WHY IT MAlTERS 4921STCENTURYSKlllS 51

lESSON 3 Disagreements withGreat Britain , S4

21ST CENTURYSKlllS 57

THE DECLARATION ofINDEPENDENCE 65

There's More Online ...GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Umiting the Power of

Government· The Colonial Economy, c. 1750· BritishAction and Colonial Response

VIDEOSTIME UNE The Glorious Revolution EraINTERACTIVE CHARTS English Bill of Rights

• Enlightenment Thinkers • Taxing the ColoniesINTERACTIVE MAPS Colonial Economy, c. 1750

• The Proclamation Une of 1763INTERACTIVE GRAPH Indentured Servants

v

LESSON 1 The Country'sFirst Governments 72

21STCENTURYSKILLS 77

LESSON 2 Creating a New Constitution . . . .. 78AMERICAN LEADERS James Madison 83

LESSON 3 The Structure ofthe Constitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 86

WHY IT MATTERS 8921ST CENTURYSKILLS 91

LESSON 4 Principles of the Constitution .... 92WHY IT MATTERS 97

THE CONSTITUTION 01 the UNITED STATES.. 101

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Shays's Rebellion· The GreatCompromise • Organization ofthe U.S.Constitution• Principles in the Constitution

VIDEOS

INTERACTIVE MAPS NorthwestTerritory, 1785• Ratification of the Constitution

INTERACTIVE CHARTS Weaknesses of the Articles ofConfederation • Comparing Governments • Amendingthe Constitution • A System of Checks and Balances• Federal and State Powers

GAME Articles of Confederation

LESSON 1 The First Amendment 12821ST CENTURYSKILLS 131LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASES Tinkerv. DesMoines

School District. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

LESSON 2 Other Bill of RightsProtections 134

WHY IT MATTERS 137ISSUESTODEBATE Is the Patriot Act an infringement

of privacy? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

LESSON 3 Furthering Civil Liberties 14121STCENTURYSKILLS 145

LESSON 4 The Civil Rights Movement 146WHY IT MATTERS 146AMERICAN LEADERS Martin Luther King, Jr 149

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS First Amendment Rights• Constitutional Protections for the Accused • Civil WarAmendments • Protests of the Civil Rights Movement

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE GRAPHS U.S.Adult Religious Affiliation

2008 • Selected Peaceful Protests in U.S.History. INTERACTIVE CHARTS Rights ofthe Accused

• Constitutional AmendmentsGAME Constitutional Amendments Game

LESSON 1 Structure of Congress 15821STCENTURYSKILLS : 16321STCENTURYSKILLS 164

LESSON 2 Powers of Congress 16521STCENTURYSKILLS 168

LESSON 3 How Congress Works 170WHYIT MATTERS 172TEENCITIZENSIN ACTION 17321STCENTURYSKILLS 176

LESSON 4 Howa Bill Becomes a Law 177WHY IT MATTERS 18021STCENTURYSKILLS 181

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS The United States Congress• Powers of Congress • Congressional Requirernents andPrivileges • Frorn Bill to Law

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE MAP Congressional ApportionrnentINTERACTIVE CHARTS Congressional Cornrnittees

• Powers of Congress • How a Bill Becornes a LawINFOGRAPHIC Profile of CongressTIME UNE Wornen in Congress

LESSON 1 The President andVice President 188

21STCENTURY SKILLS 189WHY IT MATTERS 193

LESSON 2 The President'sPowers and Roles 194

LANDMARK SUPREME COURTCASESUnited States v. Nixon 199

LESSON 3 Making Foreign Policy 20021STCENTURY SKILLS 204

LESSON 4 How the ExecutiveBranch Works 205

21STCENTURY SKILLS 20721 STCENTURY SKILLS 209

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS The President: Requirernents andCharacteristics· Roles of the President • Foreign PolicyGoals and Tools • Federal Bureaucracy

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE MAP Election 2008 Electoral ResultsINTERACTIVE CHARTS Presidential Succession· Facts

About the State of the Union· Selected ExecutiveOffices of the President • The President's Cabinet

SUDE SHOW Executive Privilege

vii

lESSON 1 Federal Courts 21821ST CENTURYSKILLS 220

lESSON 2 The Federal Court System 223WHY IT MATTERS 225

lESSON 3 The Supreme Court 229WHY IT MATTERS 231AMERICAN LEADERS Sandra Day O'Connor 23121STCENTURYSKILLS 234LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASES Marburyv. Madison .. 235

lESSON 4 Supreme Court Proceduresand Decisions 236

21STCENTURY SKILLS 237

WHY IT MATTERS 240

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Federal Courts· District Courtsand Courts of Appeals. U.S.Supreme Court· Movementof CasesThrough the Supreme Court

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE MAP Federal Judicial CireuitsINTERACTIVE CHARTS Dual Court System. Federal Court

System. Landmark Supreme Court DecisionsINTERACTIVE GRAPH Supreme Court CaseloadGAME Federal vs. State Jurisdiction Matching Game

LESSON 1 History of Political Parties 24821ST CENTURYSKILLS 252WHY IT MATTERS 253

lESSON 2 Political Parties Today 25421STCENTURY SKILLS 255WHY IT MATTERS 256WHY IT MATTERS 261

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Modern Major Party Principles• Political Party Roles

VIDEOSTIME UNE Party Control ofthe Presideney, 1861-2013INTERACTIVE CHARTS Evolution of American Political

Parties· Major Third-Party Candidates • Organization ofPolitical Parties

LESSON 1 Who Can Vote? 268AMERICANlEADERS Aliee Paul. 27021STCENTURYSKlllS 273WHY IT MATTERS 275LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASES Bush v. Gore 276

LESSON 2 Elections and Campaigns 277TEENCITIZENS IN ACTION 28121STCENTURYSKlllS 283WHY IT MATTERS 283

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Voting Proeess· Purpose ofEleetions

VIDEOSSUDE SHOW Women's SuffrageINTERACTIVE CHARTS Extending the Right to Vote· The

Eleetoral College ProeessINTERACTIVE GRAPHS 2008 Eleetoral Votes· Presidential

EleetionsGAMES Voting Rights Constitutional Amendment Game

• Voting Rights Quiz

LESSON 1 Forming Public Opinion 29021STCENTURYSKlllS 29521ST CENTURYSKlllS 296

LESSON 2 The Mass Media 29721ST CENTURYSKlllS 300LANDMARK SUPREME COURTCASES

Haze/wood Schoo/ Districtv. Kuh/meier 302

t • • , 'f.WHY IT MATTERS 307ISSUESTO DEBATE Are sodal networking sites good for

demoeraey? 309

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Sources of Publie Opinion· Rolesof the Media· Interest Groups

VIDEOSSUDE SHOW Representing a CauseINTERACTIVE GRAPHS News Sources • What Polis Show

• Presenting Poil Data • America's Use of Mass Media• Where Americans Go to Get News

INTERACTIVE CHARTS Interest Groups Aetive in HealthCare Reform Debate • Propaganda Teehniques

ix

LESSON 1 The Federal System 31621STCENTURYSKlllS 317ISSUESTODEBATE Can states set immigration law? 323

LESSON 2 State Legislative Branch 32421STCENTURYSKlllS 325WHY IT MAHERS 327

LESSON 3 State Executive Branch 329WHY IT MAHERS 331

LESSON 4 State Judicial Branch 334lANDMARKSUPREMECOURTCASES In re Gault 339

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS State Governments and FederalGovernment • How a Bill Beeomes a law· Governors'Roles • Courts

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE CHARTS Division of Powers· Governors'

Roles • State Court Strueture • Pros and Consof EleetingJudges

INTERACTIVE GRAPH State Revenues and ExpendituresGAMES Howa Bill Beeomes a law • State Officials

Coneentration Game· State Courts Matching Game

LESSON 1 CityGovernments 34621STCENTURYSKlllS 347WHY IT MAHERS 348LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASES Plessyv. Ferguson 353

LESSON 2 County Governments 35421STCENTURYSKlllS 355

LESSON 3 Towns, Townships,and Villages 359

21STCENTURYSKlllS 361WHY IT MAHERS 363

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Forms of City Government• Eleeted County Officials • Forms of Government

VIDEOSINTERACTIVE CHARTS Strong-Mayor and Weak-Mayor

Government· Council-Manager and CommissionGovernments • Organization of County Government• Dividing the land into Townships

GAME County Sheriff True/False Game

lESSON 1 How a CommunityHandles Issues 370

WHYIT MATTERS 371TEENCITIZENSIN ACTION 37121STCENTURYSKILLS 374

lESSON 2 Education and Sociallssues ..... 375WHYIT MATTERS 375AMERICANlEADERS Geoffrey Canada 37821STCENTURYSKlllS 381

lESSON 3 Environmentallssues 382WHYIT MATTERS 385

There'sMore Online ...GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Planning Commission· Education

Issues • Sources of PollutionVIDEOSINTERACTIVE GRAPHS Volunteerism in America • Sources

of School Funding, 2008 • Violent and Property CrimeRates, 2004-2009 • Amounts of School Funding, 2008

INTERACTIVE CHARTS Recycling

LESSON 1 Sources and Types of Law 39421STCENTURY SKlllS 39721ST CENTURYSKlllS 399WHY IT MATTERS ~ 400LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASES Miranda v.Arizona 402

LESSON 2 The American Legal System ..... 40321STCENTURY SKlllS 405ISSUESTODEBATE Can schools punish students

for off-campus Internet speech? 409

There's More Online ..•GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Characteristics of a Good law

• Protecting Rights of the AccusedVIDEOSINTERACTIVE CHARTS Comparing Felonies and

Misdemeanors • Constitutional Rights of the AccusedTIME UNE Equal ProtectionGAME Amendment Concentration Game

xi

LESSON 1 Civii Law 416WHY IT MATTERS 41721ST CENTURYSKILLS 420

LESSON 2 Criminal Law 421WHY IT MATTERS 423

LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASESwdeonv.Wmnwnght 428

LESSON 3 The Juvenile Justice System ..... 42921ST CENTURYSKILLS 432

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Steps in a Civil Lawsuit· Steps in aCriminal Case • Juvenile Justice System

VIDEOS

INTERACTIVE CHARTS Civil Cases • Steps in a CriminalCase• Sentencing Options. Juvenile Cases

INTERACTIVE GRAPHS Dropout Rates and the Risk ofGoing to Prison for a Crime • Juvenile Crime

INFOGRAPHIC U.S. Regional Crime Rates, 2009GAME Criminal CasesFiII-in-the-Blank

LESSON 1 What Is Economics? " 440WHY IT MAHERS 44121ST CENTURYSKILLS 445

LESSON 2 Economic Decisions 446

WHY IT MAHERS 447WHY IT MAHERS 44921ST CENTURYSKILLS 451

LESSON 3 Demand and Supply in a MarketEconomy 452

WHY IT MAHERS 455

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GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS The Three Kinds of Resources• Benefit-Cost Analysis. Changes to Demand andSupply

VIDEOS

INTERACTIVE CHARTS Choices All Societies Face• Marginal Cost and Revenue for Joe's Seafood Depot

INTERACTIVE GRAPHS Marginal Analysis for Joe's SeafoodDepot· The Law of Diminishing Returns· Change inDemand for Video Games· Supply Curve

GAMES Goods and Services Column Game· ChoicesSocieties Face FiII-in-the-Blank Game· Trade-Off orOpportunity Cost Column Game· Fixed Cost or VariableCost Matching Game· Classifying Costs Game

SUDE SHOW MarketsINFOGRAPHIC Demand and Supply for Oil

lESSON 1 Gross Domestic Product 46621ST CENTURYSKILLS 467WHY IT MATTERS 470

lESSON 2 Economic Flow andEconomic Growth 471

WHY IT MATTERS 47321ST CENTURYSKILLS 476.

lESSON 1 Consumerism 488WHY IT MATTERS 491WHY IT MATTERS 493

lESSON 2 Budgeting Vour Money 495TEENCITIZENS IN ACTION 498WHY IT MATTERS 500

lESSON 3 Saving and Investing 503• I • I 21STCENTURY SKILLS 509

WHY IT MATTERS 479AMERICAN ENTREPRENEURSC.J. Walker 480WHY IT MATTERS 481

There's More Online •••GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Factors of Production· Economic

Sectors • CapitalismVIDEOSSUDE SHOW Factors of ProductionINTERACTIVE GRAPHS U.S.Gross Domestic Product,

1960-2010· Consumer ExpendituresINTERACTIVE CHART Circular Flow of Economic ActivityGAME Gross Domestic ProductTrue/False Game

There's More Online •••GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Smart Buying Strategies· Sources

of Credit • RiskVIDEOSINTERACTIVE CHART Analyzing Advertisements· Are You

an Impulse Buyer? • Positive and Negative Balances• Monthly Budget· Credit Card Bill • Parts of aCheck• Saving and Investing Tools

INTERACTIVE GRAPH Savings Rates, 1952-2009INFOGRAPHICS Tips on Being a Successful Consumer

• Methods of Payment by U.S.ConsumersGAME Saving and Investing Matching Game

• 1 • I ,. . I

21STCENTURY SKILLS 518WHY IT MATTERS 523

LESSON 2 Labor 52421STCENTURYSKILLS 525WHY IT MATTERS 527AMERICAN LEADERS Cesar Estrada Chavez 528ISSUESTO DEBATE Does Outsourcing Jobs to Other

Countries Hurt America? 530

LESSON 3 Roles and Responsibilitiesof Businesses 531

21STCENTURY SKILLS 535

There's More Online ••.GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Types of Businesses· Colleetive

Bargaining Goals· Responsibilities of BusinessesINFOGRAPHIC Forms of Business OrganizationVIDEOSINTERACTIVE MAP Right-to-Work StatesINTERACTIVE CHARTS Howa Corporation Is Organized

• Notable Strikes in U.S. History • Corporate AidINTERACTIVE GRAPHS Sole Proprietorships· Labor Union

Trends· Union Membership by StateGAMES Corporations FiII-in-the-Blank • Business Roles and

How They Interrelate

LESSON 1 Government Involvementin the Economy 542

WHY IT MATTERS 543WHY IT MATTERS 54521STCENTURY SKILLS 547ISSUESTO DEBATE Is inereasing the minimum wage

good for the eeonomy? 548

LESSON 2 Measuring the Economy 54921ST CENTURYSKILLS 55121ST CENTURYSKILLS ~ 555

LESSON 3 The Government andIncome Inequality 557

21STCENTURY SKILLS 559LANDMARK SUPREMECOURTCASES

Brownv. BoardofEducationofTopeka, Kansas 561

There's More Online .•.GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Benefits to Consumers· Eeonomie

Expansion and Contraetion • Faetors Affeeting IneomeVIDEOSINTERACTIVE CHART Seleeted U.S.Government Regulatory

AgenciesINTERACTIVE GRAPHS The Business Cyde • U.S. Business

Aetivity Sinee 1880 • Unemployment and Reeessions• The Consumer Priee Index, 2008-2009' WeeklyEarnings by Leve'l of Edueation • Dropout Rates byFamily Ineome

GAMES Goods and Externalities Coneentration Game• Business Cyde Tic-Tae-Toe

LESSON 1 Money 568WHYIT MAHERS .' 569WHYIT MAHERS 57021STCENTURYSKILlS 572

LESSON 2 The Federal Reserve System .... 57321STCENTURYSKILlS 577WHYIT MAHERS 578

LESSON 3 Banks and Banking 579WHYIT MAHERS 58221STCENTURYSKILlS 583

There'sMore Online .•.GRAPHIC ORGANIZER Features of Money· Fed Funetions

• FinanciallndustryVIDEOSINFOGRAPHICS Features of U.S.Curreney. The Federal

Reserve System· Monetary Poliey and Interest RatesGAMES Traits of Money Tic-Tae-Toe• Federal Reserve

System True/False GameAUDIO FrankIin Roosevelt on the Bank Crisis

LESSON 1 The Federal Budget:Revenues and Expenditures .... 590

WHY IT MAHERS 59421STCENTURY SKILLS 596

LESSON 2 Fiseal Poliey 59721STCENTURYSKILLS 601WHY IT MAHERS 603

There's More Online •.•GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Government Budget· Federal

DeficitVIDEOSINFOGRAPHICS The Federal Budget, FY2011 • State and

Loeal Government Revenue and Expenditures • TheDeficits and the Debt

INTERACTIVE CHART The Federal Budget ProeessINTERACTIVE GRAPHS Comparing Federal Spending

• State Ineome Tax Revenue· Property Tax RevenueGAME Budget Crossword Puzzle

xv

lESSON 1 Why and How Nations Trade .... 610WHY IT MAHERS 61221STCENTURYSKlllS 614AMERICAN ENTREPRENEURS Walter Elias Disney 615ISSUESTODEBATE Should We Allow More

Offshore Drilling? 617

lESSON 2 Economic Systems andDevelopment 618

21STCENTURY SKlllS 61921ST CENTURYSKlllS 621TEENCITIZENS IN ACTION 623

There's More Online ...GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Free Trade - Market, Command,

and Mixed EconomiesVIDEOSINFOGRAPHICS Imports and Exports, Selected Nations

- Sodal Statistics Comparison, Selected RegionsINTERACTIVE GRAPH Imports of Consumer GoodsINTERACTIVE MAP GDPPer Capita, Selected NationsINTERACTIVE CHART Comparing Economies: Russia,

China, and the United StatesSUDE SHOW Post-Soviet Russia

lESSON 1 Globallnterdependenceand Issues 632

TEENCITIZENS IN ACTION 63521ST CENTURYSKlllS 636WHY IT MAHERS 637

lESSON 2 The United States andInternational Organizations .... 638

WHY IT MAHERS 639

lESSON 3 The United States andWorld Affairs 644

21STCENTURYSKlllS 64621STCENTURYSKlllS 649

There's More Online ...GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS Developing Nations

-International Organizations - Human RightsVIDEOSINTERACTIVE MAPS Sources of Oillmported to the U.S.

• Haiti Earthquake • Haiti· Global TerrorismINTERACTIVE GRAPHS Sources of Fruit Imported to the

U.S.• Free and Not FreeINTERACTIVE CHARTS NongovernmentalOrganizations

• Refugees - Types of GovernmentSUDE SHOWS A look at NGOs- Global Terrorism

Reference Atlas 655Glossary/Glosario 662Index 697

CHAPTER 1U.S.Foreign-Born Population, 1850-2020 6United States Immigration, 2009 7Ethnic Diversity of the United States, 2010 8Citizens' Duties and Responsibilities 21Volunteering in America 24Functions of Government 27Principles of American Democracy 30Comparing Democratic and Authoritarian Systems 31Religious Diversity in the United States 34

CHAPTER 2English Bill of Rights 43Enlightenment Thinkers 45Colonial Economy, c. 1750 51The Proclamation Une of 1763 55Taxing the Colonies 58

CHAPTER 3NorthwestTerritory, 1785 74Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation 75Ratification of the Constitution 84Comparing Governments 88Amending the Constitution 89ASystem of Checks and Balances 95Federal and State Powers 96

CHAPTER 4Constitutional Amendments 143

CHAPTER 5Congressional Apportionment 159Congressional Committees 163Powers of Congress 166Profile of Congress 172How a Bill Becomes a Law 179

CHAPTER 6Election 2008 Electoral Results 189Presidential Succession 192Selected Executive Offices of the President 206The President's Cabinet 207

CHAPTER 7Dual Court System 219Federal Judicial Circuits 224Federal Court System 225Supreme Court Caseload 237Landmark Supreme Court Decisions 239Supreme Court Rulings on Segregation 240

CHAPTER 8Evolution of American Political Parties 249Organization of Political Parties 255

CHAPTER 9Extending the Right to Vote 271Presidential Elections 279The Electoral College Process 280

CHAPTER 10Membership of Selected Influentiallnterest

Groups 289America's Use of Mass Media 300Interest Groups Active in Health Care Reform Debate 305Propaganda Techniques 307

ATLANTICOCEAN

o 200 milesI ! !

o 260 km

Albers Equol-Areo projecrion

CHAPTER 11Division of Powers 318Governors' Roles 330State Court Structure 336

CHAPTER 12Strong-Mayor and Weak-Mayor Government 349Council-Manager and Commission Governments 351Organization of County Government 356Employees in County Government 366

CHAPTER 13Sources of School Funding, 2008 376Violent and Property Crime Rates, 2004-2009 380Municipal Waste by Type 388

CHAPTER 14Constitutional Rights of the Accused 406States with Capital Punishment 410

CHAPTER 15Civil Cases 419U.S. Regional Crime Rates, 2009 422Steps in a Criminal Case 425Sentencing Options 426Dropout Rates and the Risk of Going to

Prison for a Crime 431Juvenile Cases 432

Average Prison Senten ce, Selected Felony Crimes,2000 and 2005 436

CHAPTER 16Choices All Societies Face 444Marginal Cost and Revenue for Joe's Seafood Depot. 449Marginal Analysis for Joe's Seafood Depot 450Demand and Supply for Oil 454Change in Demand forVideo Games 456Demand Curve for CD-ROMs 460Gas Price per Gallon, 1980-2010 462

CHAPTER 17u.s. Gross Domestic Product, 1960-2010 468Circular Flow of Economic Activity 472Comparing Selected National Economies, 2009 484

CHAPTER 18Personal Bankruptcy Filings, 2001-2009 Fiscal Years . 487Tips on Being a Successful Consumer 491Are You an Impulse Buyer? 493Positive and Negative Balances 496Monthly Budget 497Credit Card Bill 500Methods of Payment by U.S.Consumers 501Savings Rates, 1959-2009 504Parts of aCheck 505Saving and Investing Tools 508Factors of a Credit Rating 510

FEDERAL AND STATE POWERS

CHAPTER19Formsof Business Organization 518Howa Corporation Is Organized 521labor Union Trends 525Right-to-Work States 526

CHAPTER20Selected U.S. Government Regulatory Agencies 546The Business Cyde 550U.S.Business Activity Since 1880 552-553Unemployment and Recessions 554TheConsumer Price Index, 2008-2009 555Weekly Earnings by level of Education 559Poverty in the United States 562

CHAPTER21Features of U.S. Currency 570The Federal Reserve System 575Monetary Policy and Interest Rates 577

CHAPTER22Government Spending 589The Federal Budget Process 591The Federal Budget, FY2011 592State and local Government Revenue and

Expenditures 595United States Deficits and Surpluses 599United States National Debt 599

CHAPTER 23Top 10 Trading Partners of the United States 609Imports and Exports, Selected Nations 613GDP Per Capita, Selected Nations 620Comparing Economies: Russia, China, and the

United States 622Social Statistics Comparison, Selected Regions 624

CHAPTER24Sources of Oillmported to the U.S•................... 634Nongovernmental Organizations 642Free and Not Free 648Global Terrorism 649

REFERENCEATLASMAPSUnited States: Political 656World: Political 658United States: 2010 Congressional

Reapportionment 660