building l2 & l3 service with alu service router

COPYRIGHT © 2013 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALCATEL-LUCENT — CONFIDENTIAL — SOLELY FOR AUTHORIZED PERSONS HAVING A NEED TO KNOW — PROPRIETARY — USE PURSUANT TO COMPANY

INSTRUCTION

Building L2 & L3 service with ALU Service RouterGatot SusiloOctober 7, 2013

This is a placeholder image only. Please select an image

to reflect the content of your PPT presentation. Visit our approved corporate photography collection on the MarCom Store at: https://all.alcatel-lucent.com/marcomstore/


INSTRUCTION

Service Router



All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, #####3 | Presentation Title | Month 2006

Pt-to-Pt L2-VPN: Virtual Lease Line (PWE-3 RFC3985)

Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge Point-to-point service emulation (i.e., ATM, Frame Relay, Ethernet, TDM) over IP/MPLS (i.e.,

Packet Switched Networks) Require bidirectional tunnel between two PEs Inner connection is identified by MPLS label Uses T-LDP for inner label exchange

PE1 PE2

IP/MPLSNetwork

PWE-3

AC1 AC2

CE1 CE2

T-LDP Bidirectional TunnelIP (GRE) or MPLS

All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007.

Service Entities (Point to Point)

Customer is also referred as subscriber Identified by customer ID

PE1 PE2

IP/MPLSNetwork

PWE-3

AC1 AC2

CE1 CE2

T-LDP Bidirectional TunnelIP (GRE) or MPLS

Pseudowire Emulation Edge to Edge - RFC3985

IP/MPLS

SAP

Customer

VC Label

DemuxSDP

Customer

VC Label

Demux

VC Label

PE-1 PE-2

SDP

VC Label

End to End Service (PWE3)

T-LDP

Service Service SAP


Service Entity (Continue)

SDP A logical way to direct uni-directional service tunnel Support GRE (IP tunneling) or MPLS as service tunnel Provide a better control for (LSP) tunnel selection Multiple services can share the same SDP Support forwarding class based (LSP) tunnel selection

IP/MPLS

SAP

Customer

VC Label

DemuxSDP

Customer

VC Label

Demux

VC Label

PE-1 PE-2

SDP

VC Label


T-LDP

Service Service SAP


Service Entity (Continue)

Service Internet Enhanced Service (IES) L2-VPN: EPIPE, VPLS (Multipoint), APIPE, FPIPE, CPIPE (Pt-to-Pt) L3-VPN: IPIPE (Pt-to-Pt), VPRN (Multipoint) Mirroring

SAP A local entity and is uniquely identified by

The physical Ethernet port or SONET/SDH port or TDM channel The encapsulation type (e.g., Null, Dot1q, QinQ, IPCP, BCP-null, BCP-dot1q, ATM, Frame Relay,

Cisco-HDCLC) The encapsulation identifier Applicable to access port only A single port can contain multiple SAPs

PPP

IP/MPLS

SAP

Customer

VC Label

DemuxSDP

Customer

VC Label

Demux

VC Label

PE-1 PE-2

SDP

VC Label


T-LDP

Service Service SAP


FR UNI

IP/MPLS Network

7750 SR

FR UNI

7750 SRATM

ATM UNI

Frame/ATM UNI

Ethernet UNI

Alcatel-Lucent Suite of Point-to-Point Pseudowire Services

ATM UNIFR PWATM PW

Ethernet PW

Leverage PWE3 for frame relay-ATM-Ethernet Service and Network Interworking

ATM UNI

Ethernet UNI

IP PW

Ethernet UNI

FR UNI

IP PW

Note: The termination of routed or routed-bridged encapsulation of ATM traffic into an IES or IP-VPN is supported

LSP

Multi-Service Edge


Multipoint L2-VPN: Virtual Private LAN Service (RFC4762)

Purpose To provide connectivity between geographically dispersed customer site across MANs

and WANs, as if they are connected using LAN Two Categories of Applications

Connectivity between customer routers: LAN routing application Connectivity between customer Ethernet switches: LAN switching application

Use MPLS (Ethernet Pseudowire) in the core network (i.e., PEs interconnection) Multiple VPLS instances can be created on the same PE


VPLS – Attributes

Flooding for unknown unicast DA or broadcast/multicast frames Forwarding known DA to designated port Address Learning to build forwarding database (FDB) Perform standard learning, filtering, and forwarding actions as per IEEE802.1D-ORIG,

IEEE802.1D-REV, and IEE802.1Q MAC Address Withdrawal using LDP Message to trigger address re-learning Use H-VPLS (Hub and Spoke) to reduce number of mesh PWs

IP/MPLS NetworkVPLS

VPLS

VPLS

VPLS

PE1

PE2

PE3

PE4

CE1

CE2

CE3

CE4


FR UNI

ATMATM UNI

FrameRelay

Ethernet UNIATM UNIEthernet UNI

Ethernet UNI

FR UNIFrameRelay

Ethernet

ATMEthernet

Ethernet

VPLSIP-VPNIP/MPLS

Backbone7750 SR 7750 SR

7750 SR

7750 SRVPLS

IP-VPN

VPLSIP-VPN

VPLSIP-VPN

Internet

QoS policy runtime instantiation provides the ability to dynamically change bandwidth and QoS parameters for value-added services

Transparent Layer 2 protocol tunneling (L2PT) to transparently transport Layer 2 PDUs between CPEs, including translation betweendifferent STP types

Enable service interworkingof VPWS using IP PW

Support for OSPF allows VPN customer runningOSPF to migrate to an IP-VPN backbone withoutchanging their IGP, introduce BGP as theCE-PE protocol and stop relying on static routesfor access to an IP-VPN service

Terminate RFC 2684 routed bridged encapsulation of ATM traffic onto IES and IP-VPN services

Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1s) to interoperate with traditional L2 switches andoperate along with Managed VPLS to provide aneffective dual homing solution

Alcatel-Lucent Premium VPN Services


INSTRUCTION

QoS



All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2007.12 | Alestra | March 1st, 2010

Basic QoS on 7x50/7710 SR Product Family

Use differentiated service (DiffServ) model 8 Forwarding Classes (NC, H1, EF, H2, L1, AF, L2, and BE) Profile State (in profile rate <= CIR; out of profile rate > CIR) Separate queues for unicast and multicast traffic Allow one queue per forwarding class or one queue for multiple forwarding classes

Pre-classification (Dot1p, IP Prec, DSCP, IP criteria, MAC criteria)

SAP EgressSAP Ingress

FC + PS FC + PS

Network Egress

Network Ingress

Allow Remarking for DSCP or IP Prec(applicable for L3 service only)

EXP – MPLSDSCP – IPDot1p – Ethernet Dot1p – Ethernet

By default, remarking for EXP, DSCP, Dot1p iff:i) L2 traffic or a non-trusted IP interfaceii) The first network egressiii)Not remarked explicitly by SAP ingress

No explicit Dot1p to FC in default mapping


INSTRUCTION

OAM




OAM

IP - ICMP Ping/Trace MPLS - LSP Ping/Trace PW - VCCV Ping/Trace SDP - SDP Ping SVC - SVC Ping VPLS - MAC Ping/Purge/Populate/ Ethernet – 802.1ag/Y1731

14 | TiMOS-5.0 workshop | May 2007


INSTRUCTION

Next Gen Hotspot 2.0 – Why Wi-Fi?



16

Wi-Fi Opportunity and Strategy to SuccessWiFi Opportunity By 2015 there will be 8B mobile devices; global mobile traffic will grow 26x to 6.6m TB/month

where video will be 66% of all mobile traffic;1.2 million hotspot venues from 421K in 2010 worldwide (In-Stat Research Report)

Mobile operators need more cost effective radio technologies to handle increasing data traffic Wi-Fi is global – same frequency band worldwide (2.4GHz and 5GHz) Wi-Fi is built into smart phones and devices Wi-Fi provides ~5x bandwidth (MHz) of Cellular (5GHz vs ~1GHz) Carrier grade Wi-Fi offers platform for delivering a host of new location-based services

Strategy To Success Should complement operator’s spectrum Should be easy/transparent for the user Should be viable resource to meet users’ expectations Should be easily and cost-effectively integrate into existing 3G/4G architectures

17COPYRIGHT © 2013 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALCATEL-LUCENT — CONFIDENTIAL — SOLELY FOR AUTHORIZED PERSONS HAVING A NEED TO KNOW — PROPRIETARY — USE PURSUANT TO COMPANY

INSTRUCTION

Hotspot 2.0 Technology EnablersAuthentication and Roaming

Hotspot Today

Next Gen Hotspot 2.0

Network Discovery and Selection

SSID 802.11u

L2 Authentication None 802.1xL2 Air Encryption None 802.11iL3 Authentication WebAuth,

WISPrEAP SIM, AKA, TLS, TTLS

Hotspot Network Untrusted TrustedIntellectual Property Right No YesInteroperability No YesVISION: Mobile Network: Turn on phone and secured Cellular connectivityWiFi Network: Turn on phone and get secured WiFi connectivity

Automatic, Secured, EAP Based


INSTRUCTION

ALU Light Radio WiFi Solutions




INSTRUCTION

Unified authentication, authorization and accounting

Anchoring subscriber through PGW/GGSN is independent of WLAN-GW location using standard interfaces

Option to Breakout to Internet where cost-effective

LIGHTRADIO WI-FI: 7750 WLAN G/WSolution Strengths

• Flexible choice of transport: L2/IP/MPLS or IPSec• Rapid inter-AP mobility (due to L2 transparency)• No per-AP provisioning: SoftGRE tunnels auto-

created• Tunnel Scalability: tunnel state only if active subs• Subscriber Scale: IP address sharing with L2-aware

NAT• Conservation of resources for migrant users

• Full flexibility for local breakout or GTP mobility• Mobility between WiFi and Macro with address

preservation• WLAN GW N:1 redundancy with IP address

preservation• WLAN GW mobility with IP address preservation• No IPSec required on UE• No mobility functions required on AP (Simpler APs)

PGW/GGSN

7750 SRWLAN GW

HGW/APGRE per HGW/AP

AAA

DIAMETER

S2a/S2b/Gn GTP

HLRHSSAuC

SS7 MAP or Diameter

Internet& Media

HGW/APGRE per HGW/AP

RADIUSProxy

L2 transparency

Auto-provisioned tunnels for operational simplicity

20

WLAN GW: Deployment Models

• Soft GRE benefits of scale and auto-provisioning on the WLAN GW• Achievable with GRE-capable APs or• For non GRE-capable APs, L2 aggregator device such as 7x50, 7705 SAR families can

be used to provide GRE transport over IP toward WLAN GW

Edge 7x50 or 7705 SAR can encapsulate VLAN-

only APs into GRE tunnels for a common model to

GRE-capable APs

VLANsGRE Tunnel

7x50 7750

WLANGW

7x50 7750

WLANGW

7x50 7750

WLANGW

Regular ESM with 1 VLAN per Sub or 1 VLAN per

service


INSTRUCTION

Offload SSID

Bridge

Offload SSID

TUNNELIP

L2 Solution

• Flexible for L2 Wholesale• L3 Wholesale with support for overlapping IP@• GTP IP@ Mobility with overlapping IP@• Faster Inter-AP mobility triggering • Simpler, less CPU-intensive CPE• Network portal• IP@ Sharing• Subscriber visibility in the network with NAT• MAC@ visibility in the network

authentication

• No L2 Wholesale• No L3 Wholesale with overlapping IP@• No GTP IP@ Mobility with overlapping IP@• L3 mobility which is slower• Complex CPE• Portal on CPE• No IP@ Sharing• No Subscriber visibility in the network with NAT• No MAC@ visibility in the network

L3 Solution

LIGHTRADIO WI-FI ARCHITECTUREACCESS POINT OPTIONS

ALU Recommendation


INSTRUCTION

Architecture Options

HGW/AP - Public SSID – NAT’ed(IP + NAT on AP)L3 Solution

HGW/AP – Public SSID Bridged – Non tunneledL2 Solution

HGW/AP – Public SSID Bridged – Tunneled (L2oGRE OR L2VPNoGRE)L2 Solution

HGW/AP – PMIPv6 MAG (public SSID traffic L3 tunneled to LMA.L3 Solution

HGW/AP complexity

Subscriber Visibility in network

Traffic separation

L2 Wholesale

L3 Wholesale

IPv4@ sharing

Fast L2 WIFI inter-AP mobilityTime & volume accounting


INSTRUCTION

3GPP - WLAN TO 3G/4G INTERWORKING • Current 3GPP/2 standard for access to EPC over non trusted access

• WLAN GW solution over trusted or un-trusted access

WLAN AP

WLAN PGW

(possibly unsecure) WLAN AP & Backhaul a priori owned by any

provider

ePDG/PDIF

AAASWx

S2b: GTP

HSS

PGW

(secure) WLAN AP & BackhaulAAA

SWx

S2a: GTP

HSS

PDG/WLAN GW

Radius

WLAN AP Protected tunnel

IPSec: 3GPP/2 VPN

802.11i

ALU solution (fat-pipe model) that overcomes standard issues

Single tunnel / AP

IPSecISSUES:• IPSec/IKEv2 required on UE• Battery drain effect on UE

and intensive CPU processing.

• IPSec overhead & associated packet fragmentation on WLAN air interface

• Poor user experience with Latency associated with tunnel establishment for short-sessions (e.g. MMS access)

• Multiple tunnels one for each service


INSTRUCTION

GRE

Per user policingPer Tunnel (or per tunnel per wholesale

partner) aggregate rate

WLAN GW

DSCP to FC mapping

FC to queue mapping

GREGTP

FC to DSCP mapping in outer header OR

Copying DSCP in inner IP to outer IP

CM/RG/AP

Access

DSCP to FC mapping

Bandwidth control• Per AP• Per AP, per wholesale partner• Per IP@ Mobility public WIFI user

• QOS mapping - 3G/4G <-> WIFI

• SLA-profiles created on WLAN-GW• SLA-profile is a template with parameters (e.g. rates i.e. PIR/CIR)• Association of subscriber to an SLA-profile is dynamic via RADIUS VSAs

SLA and QoS Management

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALCATEL-LUCENT — INTERNAL PROPRIETARY — USE PURSUANT TO COMPANY INSTRUCTION

25

2. WLAN GW; BNG functionalityenhance sub-mgt (ESM)

GigE

10GE

Per Sub

PerSub

Legacy BRASsubscriber tunnel

VoiceIPTVHSI

Typical BNGmulti-service

PerSub

IPTVVoice

Online Services

Managed Gaming

Managed VideoManaged VoIP

HSI

Per subscriber personalization

• Per-subscriber• Per-service• Per-application

• Per-subscriber• Per-service

• Single-service (HSI)

7750 SR as BNGmulti-application

Hierarchical QoS

HSI

Hierarchical QoS with Application Assurance

Best effort

Per device

• Per access point• Per-device• Per-service• Per-application

PerAccessPoint

Per Sub

IPTVVoice

Online Services

PerDevice

IPTVVoice

Online Services

PerDevice

RG/AP

TVPC

Tab

7750 SR as WLAN GWmulti-device


INSTRUCTION

Inter-AP Mobility7750 SR

WLAN GW

HGW/AP

HGW/AP MS-ISA

MS-ISA

MS-ISA

GRE per HGW/AP

GRE per HGW/AP

UE Anchored on MS-ISA

PBBBridge

• When UE moves between AP, WLAN GW re-learns UE MAC on new GRE tunnel:• Learning from re-authentication• Learning from normal data packets• Learning based on a “mobility trigger” packet from AP

• Subscriber is not deleted/recreated on WLAN GW• Full re-authentication after re-association with new AP can be avoided if PMK-caching

enabled on AP & UE, or if Wi-Fi AP implements 802.11r


INSTRUCTION

• IP@ preserved when subscriber moves or switches to new WLAN-GW. L2-aware NAT on old and new WLAN-GW.

• “Data-triggered” authentication and subscriber creation on new WLAN-GW. First data packet on new WLAN-GW to trigger RADIUS authentication based on

<IP@,MAC@>. Subscriber created after authentication.

INTER WLAN-GW REDUNDANCY & MOBILITY

AAA

3. Access-Request <IP, MAC>

1. Health-check for WLAN-GW (based on IP Pings)

4. Data-triggered Subscriber creation

WLAN-GW1

WLAN-GW2

2. Access-Request <IP, MAC>

3. Data-triggered Subscriber creation

WLAN-GW1

WLAN-GW2

1. UE Moves

Inter-WLAN-GW Redundancy Inter-WLAN-GW Mobility

AAA

2. Data switched to wards backup

WLAN-GW


INSTRUCTION

SOFT-GRE ESM USER – OPEN SSID Call Flow

UE WAP WLAN-GW AAA Captive Portal Internet802.11 PHY Attachment

DHCP Discover GRE( DHCP Discover )

GRE( DHCP Offer)DHCP Offer

DHCP Request GRE( DHCP Request)

GRE( DHCP Ack)DHCP AckARP Request GRE( ARP Request )

GRE( ARP Reply )ARP Reply

HTTP GET( URL ) GRE( HTTP GET( URL ) )

RADIUS Access-Request

RADIUS Access-Accept

If no previous session for this UE-MAC is found, it will create a new user entry; a redirect policy will be returned in the RADIUS Access-Accept

If already an authenticated session for this UE-MAC is found, no redirect policy will be returned in the RADIUS Access-Accept

HTTP Redirect/302( Portal ) GRE( HTTP Redirect/302( Portal ) )

HTTP Web-Based Authentication to the Captive Portal

A new regular ESM subscriber context is created with HTTP redirect filter

RADIUS CoA • Change of Authorization

Internet Access OK!

Authentication Request

Authentication Success

RADIUS Accounting-Start

SR O

S 10

POR

TAL-

BASE

D AU

THEN

TIC

ATIO

N


INSTRUCTION

SOFT GRE ESM USER – SECURED SSID – Call FlowLocal Breakout

UE WAP WLAN-GW AAA

802.1X EAPoL-Start

The WLAN-GW’s RADIUS proxy server will send the RADIUS message to one (or more) AAA server(s).

802.1X EAP-Request(Id)RADIUS Access-Request(User-Name, EAP-Response, NAS-IP, NAS-Port,

Calling-Station-Id=UE-MAC, Called-Station-Id=AP-MAC:SSID)

RADIUS Access-Request(User-Name, EAP-Response, NAS-IP, NAS-Port,

Calling-Station-Id=UE-MAC, Called-Station-Id=AP-MAC:SSID)RADIUS Access-Challenge(EAP-Challenge)





... ... ...

RADIUS Access-Accept(EAP-Success, Alc-SLA-Prof, Alc-Subsc-Prof,

MSMPPE-Recv-Key, MS-MPPE-Send-Key, Session-Timeout)

RADIUS Access-Accept(EAP-Success, Alc-SLA-Prof, Alc-Subsc-Prof,

MSMPPE-Recv-Key, MS-MPPE-Send-Key, Session-Timeout)802.1X EAPoL-Key(ANonce)

RADIUS Accounting-Start(User-Name, NAS-IP, NAS-Port,

Calling-Station-ID=UE-MAC, Called-Station-Id = AP-MAC:SSID)RADIUS Accounting-Response()

DHCP Discover(chaddr=UE-MAC)

802.1X EAP-Response(Id)

802.1X EAP-Request(Challenge) RADIUS Access-Challenge(EAP-Challenge)

802.1X EAP-Response(Id)

...

802.1X EAP-Success()

802.1X EAPoL-Key(SNonce, MIC)802.1X EAPoL-Key(Encrypted GTK, MIC)

802.1X EAPoL-Key(MIC)

GRE( DHCP Discover(chaddr=UE-MAC) )

GRE( DHCP Offer(chaddr=UE-MAC, your-ip=UE-IP,

Subnet-Mask, Router=WLAN-GW-IP, Lease-Time)

DHCP Offer(chaddr=UE-MAC, yip=UE-IP,

Subnet-Mask, Router, Lease-Time)GRE( DHCP Request(chaddr=UE-MAC,

Requested-IP-Address=UE-IP)

DHCP Request(chaddr=UE-MAC,

Requested-IP-Address=UE-IP)GRE( DHCP Ack(chaddr=UE-MAC, your-ip=UE-IP,

Subnet-Mask, Router=WLAN-GW-IP, Lease-Time)

DHCP Ack(chaddr=UE-MAC, yip=UE-IP,

Subnet-Mask, Router, Lease-Time)

RADIUS Accounting-Start(User-Name, NAS-ID, NAS-Port,

Calling-Station-ID=UE-MAC, Called-Station-Id = AP-MAC:SSID)

RADIUS Accounting-Response()

Start authentication

IEEE 802.11i Four-Way Handshake

AUTH

ENTI

CATI

ON4-

WAY

DH

CPAC

C T

LUDB in the cache of the RADIUS proxy server


INSTRUCTION

WLAN-GW 3G INTERWORKING – GN Interface Wi-Fi Offload ► Call Flow

UE WAP WLAN-GW RADIUS ServerP-GW


GRE( DHCP Request(IP) )DHCP Request(Requested-IP)

GRE( DHCP NAK() )DHCP NAK()

The WLAN-GW detects that RADIUS attributes have been received in the Access-Accept to setup a GTP tunnel. It will initiate GTP-C tunnel setup with:

• Handover Indication set to TRUE (since it is DHCP Request)• PDN Address Allocation set to the IP address, requested in the DHCP Request

Wi-F

i OF

FLOA

D C

ONNE

CT S

CENA

RIO

RADIUS Access-Accept(EAP-Success, Alc-SLA-Prof, Alc-Subsc-Prof, Alc-Wlan-APN-Name,

3GPP-GGSN-Address, MSMPPE-Recv-Key, MS-MPPE-Send-Key, Session-Timeout)

GTP Create-Session-Request(IMSI, RAT-Type=WLAN, APN, HI=TRUE, PAA=DHCP-Requested-IP)

GTP Create-Session-Response(Cause= “Context Not Found”)

GTP Create-Session-Request(IMSI, RAT-Type=WLAN, APN, HI=FALSE, PAA=0.0.0.0)

GTP Create-Session-Response(Cause= “Request Accepted”, PAA=New-IP)

GRE( DHCP Discover() )DHCP Discover()

GRE( DHCP Offer(New-IP) )DHCP Offer(New-IP)

The GGSN doesn’t find a previous context and refuses the bearer setup.

The WLAN-GW sees that the bearer setup was not successful and tries again with:

• Handover Indication set to FALSE• PDN Address Allocation set to 0.0.0.0

Since the P-GW assigned a different IP address then what was requested by the UE, the WLAN-GW will cache this IP address for 30s and force the UE restart DHCP from scratch by sending a DHCP NAK.

GRE( DHCP Request(New-IP) )DHCP Request(New-IP)

GRE( DHCP Ack(New-IP) )DHCP Ack(New-IP)


INSTRUCTION

WLAN-GW 4G/LTE INTERWORKING – S2B Interface Wi-Fi Offload ► Call Flow

UE WAP WLAN-GW RADIUS ServerP-GW Diameter Server


GRE( DHCP Request(IP) )DHCP Request(Requested-IP)

GRE( DHCP NAK() )DHCP NAK()

The WLAN-GW detects that RADIUS attributes have been received in the Access-Accept to setup a GTP tunnel. It will initiate GTP-C tunnel setup with:

• Handover Indication set to TRUE (since it is DHCP Request)• PDN Address Allocation set to the IP address, requested in the DHCP Request

Wi-F

i OF

FLOA

D C

ONNE

CT S

CENA

RIO

RADIUS Access-Accept(EAP-Success, Alc-SLA-Prof, Alc-Subsc-Prof, Alc-Wlan-APN-Name,

3GPP-GGSN-Address, MSMPPE-Recv-Key, MS-MPPE-Send-Key, Session-Timeout)

GTP Create-Session-Request(IMSI, RAT-Type=WLAN, APN, HI=TRUE, PAA=DHCP-Requested-IP)

GTP Create-Session-Response(Cause= “Context Not Found”)

GTP Create-Session-Request(IMSI, RAT-Type=WLAN, APN, HI=FALSE, PAA=0.0.0.0) DIAMETER AA-Request(Application=S6b, User-

Name, RAT-Type=WLAN) DIAMETER AA-Answer(Application=S6b, Result-

Code = DIAMETER-SUCCESS) GTP Create-Session-Response(Cause= “Request Accepted”, PAA=New-IP)

GRE( DHCP Discover() )DHCP Discover()

GRE( DHCP Offer(New-IP) )DHCP Offer(New-IP)

The PGW doesn’t find a previous context and refuses the bearer setup.

The WLAN-GW sees that the bearer setup was not successful and tries again with:

• Handover Indication set to FALSE• PDN Address Allocation set to 0.0.0.0

Since the P-GW assigned a different IP address then what was requested by the UE, the WLAN-GW will cache this IP address for 30s and force the UE restart DHCP from scratch by sending a DHCP NAK.

GRE( DHCP Request(New-IP) )DHCP Request(New-IP)

GRE( DHCP Ack(New-IP) )DHCP Ack(New-IP)

Rel 11.0.R2


INSTRUCTION

Research Recommendation



33

Research Recommendation

• WiFi Access Point Wireless Mesh Network Radio

• Location Based Services• HTTP Redirect/Inline advertisements

building l2 & l3 service with alu service router

Documents

alcatellucent confidential

service emulation

service tunnelprovide

proprietary use pursuant

authorized persons

service providers internal

tunnel endpoints

commarcomstore copyright