building design & construction - 08 aug 2009

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29 GreatSolutionsBIM Innovations, New Materials,Hospital Breakthroughs, Kinetic Road Plates, and More30

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5 I EditorialAmerica needs more argonauts, notastronauts.

6 I NewsDecline expected as healthcareslows, but hospital work will remainsteady; fi rst green roof professionalscertifi ed; Jones named director ofGSA’s Design Excellence program.

8 I On the Drawing BoardNew Jersey’s high-tech landscapingfacility; Goettsch Partners’ winningdesign for Soochow Securities HQin China; residence hall designfocused on freshmen.

10 I New Project PortfolioRestoration gives new life to NewFormalism icon; citizenship buildingin Texas targets LEED Silver.

13 I Products At Work

51 I Advertisers’ Index

52 I Thought LeadersHoward W. Ashcraft, Jr., Fellow ofthe American College of Construc-tion Lawyers, honorary member ofthe AIA California Council, and amember of the Integrated ProjectDelivery task force, on BIM, IPD,and evolving legal issues involvingtheir use.

29 GreatSolutions 30

FEATURES

DEPARTMENTS

INSPIRING THE BUILDING TEAM

AUGUST 2009 VOLUME 50, NO. 08

42

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COVER: A cyclist cruises along the 1.3-mile-longRiverwalk on the Chicago River’s south bank. The$22 million promenade was created by linkingpreviously unconnected parcels of land, giving theWindy City a second waterfront that’s lined withnew retail, restaurants, and other attractions.PHOTO: MARK SEGAL/GETTY IMAGES

COVER STORY

Innovative solutions to some of themost complex issues facing BuildingTeams today.

30 I 29 Great SolutionsDesign 30BIM/IT 34Collaboration 38Healthcare 40Products 42Technology 44Business Management 46Green Building 48

16 I Tall ICF WallsExperts offer 9 tips on taking insulatingconcrete forms to new heights.

AIA CONTINUING EDUCATION21 I Historic MasonryEarn 1.0 AIA/CES learning units bystudying this article and completing theonline exam.

www.BDCnetwork.com BUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION AUGUST 2009 1

Cause: Providing essential solutions that inspireBuilding Teams to design and constructgreat places for people.

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EDITORIAL


EDITORIAL STAFFRobert [email protected] BaristaManaging [email protected] W. SchneiderSenior [email protected] YodersSenior Associate [email protected] HaugheyBD+C EconomistLarry NighSenior Art Director

EDITORIAL ADVISERSPeter DavorenCEO, Turner Construction CompanyM. Arthur Gensler, Jr., FAIA, FIIDA, RIBAChairman, GenslerRaj Gupta, PE, LEED APPresident, Environmental Systems DesignLaurin McCracken, AIAChief Marketing Offi cer, Carter & BurgessThomas R. Samuels, FAIA, AICPExecutive Vice President,Higgins Development PartnersPhilip Tobey, FAIA, FACHASenior Vice President, SmithGroupAlan Traugott, LEED APPrincipal, CJL EngineeringRandolph Tucker, PESenior Vice President, RJA Group

BUSINESS STAFFDean HorowitzGeneral Manager, Reed Construction [email protected] [email protected] SimonProduction [email protected] WernerAdvertising Service [email protected] TannerDirector, Audience [email protected] NasiriDirector of [email protected]

BUSINESS OFFICE2000 Clearwater DriveOak Brook, IL 60523Subscription inquires:[email protected]: The YGS GroupMike Shober, (800) [email protected] PoulinCEO, RBI USJeff DeBalkoPresident of Business Media, Chief Internet Offi cerDean HorowitzGeneral Manager, Reed Construction Media

America needsmore argonauts,not astronautsI know what you’re thinking: “What’s this guy talkingabout? What do argonauts and astronauts have to do withdesigning and constructing buildings?” Indulge me for a mo-ment, Dear Reader, as I do my best to connect the dots.

My argument is this: We need to shiftpriorities from manned exploration ofspace to human exploration of our ownplanet. Instead of seeking the “ultimategoal” of going to Mars, as astronautEugene Cernan suggested last monthon the 40th anniversary of the Apollo11 moon landing, we need to concen-trate our precious research dollars onour oceans and seas and the air aroundus, so that we can preserve the fragileplanet that the Apollo missions so bril-liantly revealed to us.

A historical perspective: On October4, 1957, Russia’s launch of Sputnikthrew fear into every American’s heart.The race for “control” of space was on,but as our rockets kept exploding ontheir launch pads, we were reduced toplaying catch-up. The ultimate embar-rassment came on April 12, 1961,when a Russian cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin,became the fi rst human in space.

Those who are too young to have livedthrough this period may fi nd it hardto appreciate the near-jingoist senseof national mission that accompaniedPresident Kennedy’s call, a month later,to send a man—a red-blooded Ameri-can, of course!—to the moon before theend of the decade.

And oh, that magical evening of July20, 1969! How I remember franticallyfi ddling with the antenna of a clunkyblack-and-white TV so I wouldn’t miss

Neil Armstrong taking that famous smallstep, that giant leap.

Looking back, it is clear that thespace race had more to do withgeopolitics than science. True, thespace program employed thousandsand helped turn Houston into ourfourth-largest city. But NASA didn’tinvent Tang, and the manned spaceprogram’s so-called “technologicalspin-offs” were minimal.

So, enough already. We’ve done themoon. Nor do we need to go to Mars tosupplement our rock collection.

This is not an academic exercise. Atthis writing, a committee appointed byPresident Obama is reviewing the entireU.S. human space fl ight program.

Here’s my recommendation: Take afew billion from NASA’s $17 billion bud-get and give it to poor NOAA, the federalagency that studies our oceans andatmosphere (annual budget: $4 billion).Use those scarce dollars to fund lotsmore R&D on climate change—oceanexploration, atmospheric studies—re-search that might help us solve the mostvexing problem facing humanity—andthe built environment—right here ongood ol’ Mother Earth.

NASA would still have plenty of doughfor valuable unmanned scientifi c mis-sions like the Hubble Telescope. So let’skeep shooting for the stars. Just don’tput any more Americans up there.

bdc0908edit_ID 5bdc0908edit_ID 5 8/6/2009 4:42:42 PM8/6/2009 4:42:42 PM

The once steady 10% growth rate inhealthcare construction spending hasslowed, but hasn’t entirely stopped.

Spending is currently 1.7% higherthan the same time last year whenconstruction materials costs were 8%higher. The 2.5% monthly jobsitespending decline since last fall is consis-tent with the decline in materials costs.A 7% decline is expected in the next sixmonths, consistent with the year-to-date drop in the value of healthcareconstruction starts, which includes a66% plunge in June.

The June drop is partly random butalso reflects concern by healthcareproject managers about how the out-come of the current healthcare debatein Congress will affect their opera-tions. Specifically, they are concernedabout reimbursement rates fromfederally operated or regulated insur-ance plans. With no final plan readyfor a vote in early August, expect thecautious spending to continue throughthe summer.

All options being considered inWashington envision expanded health-

care servicesthat would re-quire additionalfacility capacityby 2011—butfinancing forthe expandedservices re-mains fuzzy.Half the addedcost appearsto be vaguepromises of$40 billion plusannual fee cutsby hospitals anddrug companies. Significant growthin healthcare construction will notresume until the healthcare financingarrangements are final and judged tobe realistic.

Hospital construction spending iscurrently 14% higher than a year ago,while spending for other healthcarefacilities, including specialized officebuildings and residential care facili-ties, is off 25% from last year. Thedevelopers of these buildings react

to a recession much as developers ofcommercial buildings do: They pullback when they see falling rental andoccupancy rates. By this time nextyear, expect spending for medical of-fice buildings and possible residentialcare facilities to be expanding againin a growing economy while spend-ing for hospitals is expected to still bestuck at current levels. BD+C

—Jim Haughey, BD+C Economist andChief Economist with Reed Construction Data

Decline expected as healthcare slows,but hospital work will remain steady

NEWS BRIEFSDesign firms say they need more project management

training. Nearly one-third (32%) of design and environmentalfirms report that project management training is their biggesttraining need, according to a survey in The Zweig HR Letter.Next in importance: marketing and business development train-ing (19%) and leadership training (16%).

Carbon prices running out of gas in Northeast cap andtrade market. The price of carbon permits plummeted 8% forthe Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), which requiresutilities in the Northeast to purchase carbon permits for each tonof carbon they emit. Lower demand for electricity as a result ofthe recession was the cause of the price plummet. More than 30million permits (or allowances) had cleared at $3.23 each in asale on June 17, 8% lower than the auction price in March.

First green roof professionals certified. Green Roofs forHealthy Cities announced the first wave of accredited green roofprofessionals. These individuals have successfully completed amultidisciplinary exam encompassing five areas of concentration,including pre-design, design, contract management, quality as-surance and support, and maintenance.

Jones named director of GSA’s Design Excellence program.Casey Jones, a principal at jones|kroloff, has been named thenext director of the General Services Administration’s DesignExcellence program, according to sources at the GSA. Jones willreplace Thomas Grooms, the program’s current head. As directorof Design Excellence, Jones will oversee the architect selectionand design process for the GSA.For more: www.BDCnetwork.com.

NEWS

6 AUGUST 2009 BUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION www.BDCnetwork.com

Source: U.S. Census Bureau Forecast: Reed Construction Data

Qtr 12008

2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4Qtr 12009

Qtr 12010

Healthcare construction spending(in millions, at seasonally adjusted annual rate)

45,2

46

47,1

45

48,6

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47,3

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47,8

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46,4

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Healthcare construction spending is currently 1.7% higher than the same

time last year, led by hospital work, which is 14% higher than a year ago.

bdc0908_news 6 8/5/2009 11:26:31 PM

In the past moment frames were theexpensive option when designers wantedsmall wall sections and open fl oor plans.The Simpson Strong-Tie® Strong Frame™

ordinary moment frame is changing thatby offering engineered moment framesolutions complete with anchorage designs.Now designers can spend minuteschoosing a pre-engineered moment framerather than hours designing one. And sincethe Strong Frame moment frame installswith 100% bolted connections, it is easierfor contractors to handle and install.

For more information, see our webinarat www.strongtie.com/sfwebinar.

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Change your frameof reference.

Elementary school Junior high school High school Vocational school’09 ’08 % chg. ’09 ’08 % chg. ’09 ’08 % chg. ’09 ’08 % chg.

Atlanta 137.30 128.06 7.2 140.06 136.85 2.3 136.31 134.38 1.4 133.38 129.98 2.6Baltimore 141.60 131.41 7.8 144.45 140.44 2.9 140.58 137.90 1.9 137.55 133.39 3.1Boston 178.67 165.52 7.9 182.26 176.89 3.0 177.38 173.69 2.1 173.56 168.01 3.3Chicago 175.81 162.73 8.0 179.34 173.90 3.1 174.53 170.76 2.2 170.78 165.17 3.4Cleveland 152.42 142.32 7.1 155.48 152.09 2.2 151.32 149.34 1.3 148.06 144.45 2.5Dallas 131.10 120.93 8.4 133.74 129.23 3.5 130.15 126.90 2.6 127.35 122.74 3.8Denver 143.51 135.33 6.0 146.39 144.62 1.2 142.47 142.01 0.3 139.40 137.36 1.5Detroit 159.10 146.93 8.3 162.30 157.02 3.4 157.95 154.18 2.4 154.55 149.14 3.6Houston 134.60 124.14 8.4 137.31 132.67 3.5 133.63 130.27 2.6 130.75 126.01 3.8Kansas City, Mo. 157.83 147.77 6.8 161.00 157.92 2.0 156.69 155.06 1.0 153.31 149.99 2.2Los Angeles 165.62 153.50 7.9 168.95 164.04 3.0 164.43 161.08 2.1 160.89 155.81 3.3Miami 140.01 128.06 9.3 142.82 136.85 4.4 139.00 134.38 3.4 136.00 129.98 4.6Minneapolis 170.71 158.39 7.8 174.15 169.27 2.9 169.48 166.21 2.0 165.83 160.77 3.1New Orleans 135.39 124.84 8.5 138.12 133.41 3.5 134.42 131.00 2.6 131.52 126.72 3.8New York City 202.06 189.01 6.9 206.12 201.99 2.0 200.60 198.34 1.1 196.28 191.85 2.3Philadelphia 175.81 163.29 7.7 179.34 174.50 2.8 174.53 171.35 1.9 170.78 165.74 3.0Phoenix 134.76 126.80 6.3 137.47 135.51 1.4 133.78 133.06 0.5 130.90 128.70 1.7Pittsburgh 152.58 141.06 8.2 155.65 150.74 3.3 151.47 148.02 2.3 148.21 143.18 3.5Portland, Ore. 153.85 145.39 5.8 156.94 155.38 1.0 152.74 152.57 0.1 149.45 147.58 1.3St. Louis 156.55 147.35 6.2 159.70 157.47 1.4 155.42 154.62 0.5 152.08 149.56 1.7San Diego 160.21 150.01 6.8 163.44 160.31 2.0 159.06 157.41 1.0 155.63 152.26 2.2San Francisco 189.33 176.01 7.6 193.14 188.09 2.7 187.96 184.70 1.8 183.91 178.65 2.9Seattle 160.53 147.49 8.8 163.76 157.62 3.9 159.37 154.77 3.0 155.94 149.70 4.2Washington, D.C. 152.26 142.18 7.1 155.32 151.94 2.2 151.16 149.19 1.3 147.90 144.31 2.5Winston/Salem, N.C. 118.85 111.84 6.3 121.24 119.52 1.4 117.99 117.36 0.5 115.45 113.52 1.7

RSMeans costs comparisons: K-12 Schools

Costs in dollars per square foot For more data, visit RSMeans at www.rsmeans.com, or call (800) 448-8182.


bdc0908_news 7 8/5/2009 11:26:34 PM

ON THE DRAWING BOARD

Designed to enhance the use of scienceand technology in Bergen County Spe-cial Services’ landscaping programs, thenew single-story facility at the techni-cal school’s Paramus campus will have7,950 sf of classroom space, a 1,000-sf

greenhouse (able to replicate differentenvironments, such as rainforest, desert,forest, and tundra), and 5,000 sf of out-side landscaping and gardening space.Instructional space includes classrooms,a computer lab, a biology lab, demon-

stration space for small engine repair(for blowers and other landscapingequipment), and a garage for light andheavy power equipment used as part ofthe curriculum. DMR Architects of Has-brouck Heights, N.J., is the architect.

New Jersey’s high-tech landscaping facility


Chicago-based Goettsch Partners hasbeen selected to design the SoochowSecurities Headquarters, the new officeand stock exchange building for So-ochow Securities Co. Ltd. The 21-story,441,300-sf project includes 344,400sf of office space, an 86,100-sf stockexchange, classrooms, and under-ground parking. The project is sitedalong the western edge of Jinji Lake inSuzhou Industrial Park, a major newmixed-use district outside the city cen-ter. The signature feature of the designis a soaring internal atrium that risesthe full height of the building, allowingaccess to daylight and views from alllocations within the facility.

Goettsch Partners wins designcompetition for SoochowSecurities HQ in China

The $325 million Atlantic Plaza IIlifestyle center will be built on 8.5acres in Delray Beach, Fla. Designed byVander Ploeg & Associates, Boca Raton,the complex will include six buildingsranging from three to five stories andhave 182,000 sf of restaurant and retailspace. An additional 106,000 sf of Class Aoffice space and a residential componentincluding 197 apartments, townhouses,and lofts round out the project.

Florida mixed-use complexincludes retail, residential

Hardin Construction Company’s Austin, Texas, office is serving as GC for the $50million freshman housing complex at the University of Houston. Designed by HADPArchitecture, Austin, the seven-story, 300,000-sf facility will be located on theuniversity’s central campus and have 1,172 beds, residential advisor offices, a sociallounge, a computer lab, multipurpose rooms, a fitness center, and a conveniencestore. Exterior spaces will be designed to encourage outdoor activities, while site pav-ing will reinforce a strong pedestrian/bicycle connection with the campus. The proj-ect, the first phase of two similar residence halls, is expected to open in fall 2010.

Residence hall designed specifically for freshman

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40% of businesses pay their cards off in full each month. Now they may have a better reason to.

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Pay your balance in full within 10 days of the statement closing date and get a 1.5% discount on eligible purchases made that month. The discount will appear as a credit on the following billing statement. Pay 10% of the balance from new activity on your billing statement plus the entire amount of any previously deferred payment or amounts past due by the “Please Pay By Date” on that statement and you can extend payment on the rest until the closing date of your next billing cycle without penalty. Visit plumcard.com for details. ©2009 American Express Bank, FSB. All rights reserved.

According to a National Small Business Association poll, 40% of businesses with credit cards pay them off in full each

month. The Plum Card® from American Express OPENcan reward them with a 1.5% early pay discount

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The savings are automatic and in addition to whatever discount you negotiate on your own. Plus the Plum Card lets you defer

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Does that make the Plum Card right for you? We can’t say for sure. What we can say is that all kinds

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The $30 million upgrade, restoration,and expansion of the Mark Taper Forumin Los Angeles was completed by theteam of Rios Clementi Hale Studios(architect), Harley Ellis Devereaux (ex-ecutive architect/MEP), KPFF (structuralengineer), and Taisei Construction (GC).Work on the Welton Becket-designed1967 complex included an overhaul ofthe auditorium, lighting, and acoustics.Work also focused on expanding theback-stage area and creating a 1,350-sfdownstairs lounge. The historic building’sexterior—an iconic example of New For-malism—which includes a wraparoundsculptural mural, was also restored.

Restoration gives new life toNew Formalism icon

The Department of Homeland Security’snew U.S. Citizenship and ImmigrationServices facility in Irving, Texas, wasdesigned by 4240 Architecture anddeveloped by JDL Castle Corporation. Thefocal point of the two-story, 56,000-sfbuilding is the double-height, glass-walledCeremony Room where new citizens takethe oath. The facility also has interviewrooms and offices for the Dallas USCIS of-fice. Deep overhangs, sun shades, locallysourced materials, and energy-efficientsystems make the building a candidate forLEED Silver certification.

Citizenship building in Texastargets LEED Silver

ON THE DRAWING BOARD


One of Kentucky’s largest performing arts venues should open in 2011—that’swhen construction is expected to wrap up on Eastern Kentucky University’s Busi-ness & Technology Center for Performing Arts. The 93,000-sf Broadway-calibertheater will seat 2,000 audience members and have a 60x24-foot stage prosce-nium and a fly loft. A large lobby and a 250-seat black-box theater are also partof the package. The theater comprises the second phase of the university’s $32million Business & Technology Center project, designed by Sherman Carter Barn-hart with D.W. Wilburn Inc. as GC. Phase I includes a three-classroom, 20,000-sfaddition to an existing academic facility.

Broadway-style theater headed to Kentucky


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Using Bluebeam PDF Revu, construction management fi rm William A. Berry &Son of Danvers, Mass., the Chicago offi ce of architect Perkins+Will, and theirsubcontractors electronically reviewed and redlined 42,000 pages of construc-tion documents using Bluebeam PDF Revu for the Overlook Center in Waltham,Mass., home of the New England offi ce of Adobe Systems. By going paperlessthe team reduced the $44.7 million, 107,000-sf project’s carbon footprintby 1,557 lb. of CO2. The project is applying for a LEED Innovation & DesignCredit from the U.S. Green Building Council.

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Valor Christian High School is the fi rstprivate school in Colorado to earn Goldcertifi cation through the USGBC’s LEEDrating system. Wausau Window and WallSystems provided high-performancewindows manufactured with recycledaluminum for the campus’s academicbuilding. The $55 million, 35-acrecampus in Highlands Ranch includes a130,000-sf academic building, an ath-letic complex, and a football and trackstadium, for a maximum 1,200 stu-dents. Wausau’s 3250 Series Heritagewindows are part of an advanced light-ing/daylighting control system specifi edby SlaterPaull Architects of Denver, thedesign architect. Saunders Constructionof Englewood, Colo., served as GC.

Wausau Window andWall SystemsInput No. 201 at BDCnetwork.com/quickResponse

LEED Gold high schoolgets high-performancealuminum windows


Bradley Corp. has fi gured out a way tosqueeze a faucet, soap dispenser, andhand dryer in a single lavatory unit,reducing or even eliminating the needfor separate hand dryers or paper toweldispensers. The Advocate saves spaceand improves user safety by eliminat-ing the “drip trip” to the hand dryeror paper towel dispenser. The unitfeatures a low-energy hand dryer, a

0.38-gpm faucet, and ndite technol-ogy, which powers the faucet withoutelectricity or batteries. The solid-surface lavatory is made with 25%preconsumer granules and a bio-basedresin. The material is Greenguard cer-tifi ed as low emitting, and is availablein eight colors.

Bradley Corp.Input No. 210 at BDCnetwork.com/quickResponse

New lavatory system hits the trifecta

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Products at WorkPRODUCTS

Red Robin Gourmet Burgers has replaced 12,000 standard incandescent andhalogen lights in more than 150 of its restaurants with more efficient seven-watt GE light emitting diode (LED) PAR 20 floodlights and spotlights. RedRobin is using the LED lights for downlighting applications that require a highquality of light, measured as lamp-to-lamp white LED color consistency. Theinstallation is the largest application of GE’s seven-watt LED PAR lamp in arestaurant setting to date.

GEInput No. 205 at BDCnetwork.com/quickResponse

The Lancaster, Calif., YMCA wanted itsnew building to be comfortable whilemaintaining good indoor air qualityand earning LEED points. Mechanicalengineer Levine-Segal of Los Angelesspecified a design that used ReznorHVAC equipment to heat and cooleach zone in the building accordingto its needs. The engineers selectedthe Reznor PreevA series because itshybrid systems included high-effi-ciency, three-stage DX cooling coupled

with evaporative cooling modules. TheAquaSaver technology in the PreevAseries increases evaporative efficiencywhile also reducing water consump-tion—a key LEED factor. The hybridsystems sensed both indoor andoutdoor conditions and automaticallyswitched back and forth from stan-dard DX cooling to evaporative coolingmode as needed.

ReznorInput No. 206 at BDCnetwork.com/quickResponse

Red Robin uses LEDs for energy efficiency

HVAC systems bring energy efficiencyto the YMCA


Towering above the Chicago skylineat 1,450 feet, Willis Tower (formerlythe Sears Tower) is the tallest buildingin North America. Its newest fea-ture, the “Skydeck Ledge,” featuresall-glass viewing booths that providea heart-pounding, but safe, viewthanks to DuPont SafetyGlas structuralinterlayers. The deck construction,laminated with DuPont SentryGlas, is1½ inches thick, offering five timesgreater strength and 100 times greaterstiffness than conventional laminatinginterlayer materials. It was constructedto bear five tons.

DuPontInput No. 208 at BDCnetwork.com/quickResponse

Glass makes view fromthe top possible

bdc0908paw 14 8/6/2009 8:30:16 PM

The new 58,000-sf student union atNorthern Kentucky University in HighlandHeights creates a crossroads for student,faculty, and staff activities. Universityadministrators sought a “unique andappealing identity” that would raise thearchitectural standard and set a newdirection for excellence on the campus,according to Michael Jacobs, principalof design firm Omni Architects, Lexing-ton, Ky. Three thousand sf of Rheinzinkpreweathered blue-gray horizontal revealpanels and 500 sf of blue-gray perforatedreveal panels were specified. The panelswere fabricated and installed by JCIndustries, Louisville. General contractor:Messer Construction Co., Cincinnati.

RheinzinkInput No. 203 at BDCnetwork.com/quickResponse

Panels give a new look to student union in Kentucky


bdc0908paw 15 8/6/2009 8:30:21 PM

2

31

9 Building Tips from the Experts

Insulating concrete forms have a long history of success in low-rise buildings, but now Building Teams are specifying ICFs for mid- and high-rise structures—more than 100 feet. ICF walls can be used for tall unsupported walls (for, say, movie theaters and big-box stores) and for multistory, load-bearing walls (for hotels, multifam-ily residential buildings, and student residence halls).

Our trusted ICF experts offer the following tips for design-ing and constructing tall ICF walls:

Pre-plan your job by drawing a simple cross section withthe ICF you are using. The cross section will show you how openings line up with the coursing of the ICF joints and where embeds will be placed, says Glen Klassen, regional manager with ICF manufacturer Arxx, Cobourg, Ont. “During the build process, your crew can follow this cross section to know when to stop placing forms and start placing embeds.”

Account for the ICF formwork course height. Designers can greatly reduce the amount of formwork cuts the contrac-

tor will be required to make by considering the course height of the ICF product when designing the walls, says Kelvin Doerr, VP of engineering and technical services for Reward Wall Systems, Omaha, Neb. Doerr says architects should factor in wall heights, window heights, and fl oor elevations when possible.

Base concrete slump and aggregate size on ICFmanufacturer recommendations. Both concrete slump and aggregate size are impacted by the formwork tie confi guration within the formwork cavity, as well as by the amount of open space available around the ties to allow concrete to effectively fl ow within the forms, says Donn C. Thompson, AIA, LEED AP, CGP, director of Low Rise Buildings with the Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Ill. “Ties with smaller openings will require smaller aggregate to insure the concrete fl ows ef-fectively through the forms,” he says.

Arxx’s Klassen offers this rule of thumb: If the concrete is restricted slightly at the top form around the rebar before fl owing into the wall, it’s just right. If the concrete gets re-

By Dave Barista, Managing Editor

PH

OTO

: A

RXX

Want to go high with insulating concrete forms?Better keep these helpful tips in mind.

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stricted to the point of not fl owing down into the wall, it’s too low of a slump. If the concrete fl ows freely into the wall with no restriction, it is likely too high a slump.

Consider the STC rating needed for the job. Once you know the sound transmission class, consider what needs to be added to the ICF wall if an STC rating of 50 or higher is re-quired, says John Krzic, accounts manager with Amvic Building System, Toronto. “For example, by adding a resilient channel to the ICF wall and then installing the drywall, it will increase the STC rating of the wall assembly,” says Krzic.

Take steps to ensure the concrete completely fi lls theform. “One concern with tall ICF walls is that concrete may not fi ll all parts of the form since the walls are generally thin,” says Lionel Lemay, PE, SE, LEED AP, CAE, senior VP of sustainable development, National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Spring, Md. To help avoid holes and gaps in the concrete pour, Lemay advises the following:

• Place a single layer of reinforcement in the center of the wall to allow for more space on either side of the reinforcement.

• Allocate greater spacing of reinforcement than is required in ACI 318 14.5, which requires a maximum spacing of three times the wall thickness or 18 inches, whichever is smaller.

• Consider using self-consolidating concrete. “Keep in mind that self-consolidating concrete exerts greater pressure on forms, so ad-ditional bracing will be required for most ICF systems,” says Lemay.

Specify an ICF that is fully reversible. “These forms have no top, bottom, left, or right side, and, therefore, are more effi -ciently stacked, reducing construction costs,” says Reward’s Doerr.

Repeat window patterns when possible. In multistory load-bearing applications such as multifamily, senior living, and hotel projects, try to repeat window patterns from fl oor to fl oor so that the openings remain stacked for the full height of the wall assembly, says PCA’s Thompson. This maximizes effi ciency in design and construction.

Make sure, in noncombustible Type I, II, III, and IVmultistory building projects, that the noncombustible fl oorsystem intersects the foam plastic on the interior of thebuilding. “The foam plastic must not be continuous from fl oor to fl oor, and special detailing is necessary to meet these require-ments,” says Doerr. In addition, IBC states that interior walls must be covered with a 15-minute thermal barrier. Doerr says half-inch gypsum board will do the trick.

Brace from the inside. The higher the wall, the more diffi cult and costly it is to reach the exterior of the wall with bracing, says Amvic’s Krzic. “Proper bracing will help to ensure that walls will be straight and level,” he says. “This is important as it can affect other sub trades, wall fi nishes, and structural integrity of the building.”

For more on ICFs, visit: www.BDCnetwork.com/article/ca6627257.html BD+C


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ISO can be brittle and friable because of athermoset manufacturing process that usescontinuous lamination of liquid raw materialsthat expand between facing materials. Thisprocess creates an irregular cell structure thatlends itself to high moisture permeability.

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XPS is manufactured with materials that produce aconsistent and uniform network of homogenousclosed cells that stay together, while foams madewith other processes may break down. XPS cellstructure withstands moisture penetration and lossof R-value over time.

A CLEAR WINNER IN PERFORMANCE – XPS INSULATIONThe performance of rigid foam insulation is dependent on several factors—whether it’s open orclosed cell, as well as the type of polymer and blowing agent used in its manufacture. The followingshowcases the differences in rigid insulation and the clear advantage of using XPS:

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Energy Effi ciency The thermal and moisture resistance properties of FOAMULAR® XPS insulation is critical to long-term buildingenvelope performance. FOAMULAR® insulation has a very low rate of water absorption, resulting in excellent long-term thermal performance.

Unlike other rigid foam insulation, FOAMULAR® XPS insulation – tested under real-time conditions – effectively maintains 90 percent of itsR-value (R-5 per inch) for 20 years1.

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loss due to thermal bridging through wood or metal framing or steel fasteners. Using FOAMULAR® insulation can satisfy energy codes such asASHRAE 90.12 and contributes to achieving LEED® credits.

Product Availability Owens Corning has strategically placed manufacturing facilities throughout the country to streamline deliveryand reduce the amount of energy necessary for shipping.

1See actual warranty for details.2ASHRAE 90.1; American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329.LEED is a registered trademark of the U.S. Green Building Council.The color PINK is a registered trademark of Owens Corning. ©2009 Owens Corning.

Not all insulation products are made the sameBuilding professionals face a signifi cant challenge in light of changing codes and a new understandingof the energy and environmental impact of building practices. FOAMULAR® insulation protects theperformance of your building envelopes by providing superior moisture and thermal performance,while offering incredible application versatility.

For more information, visit www.owenscorningfoam.com or call 1-800-GET-PINK.™

ADVERT I S EMENT

EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE (EPS)Open cells let water in

EPS can easily come apart, as it is manufactured bymolding together polystyrene beads under heatand pressure, allowing moisture and air penetration,resulting in voids and causing reduced R-value.

POLYISOCYANURATE (ISO)Brittle cells increase water absorption

ISO can be brittle and friable because of athermoset manufacturing process that usescontinuous lamination of liquid raw materialsthat expand between facing materials. Thisprocess creates an irregular cell structure thatlends itself to high moisture permeability.

EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE (XPS)Closed cells keep moisture out

XPS is manufactured with materials that produce aconsistent and uniform network of homogenousclosed cells that stay together, while foams madewith other processes may break down. XPS cellstructure withstands moisture penetration andloss of R-value over time.

A CLEAR WINNER IN PERFORMANCE – XPS INSULATIONThe performance of rigid foam insulation is dependent on several factors—whether it’s open orclosed cell, as well as the type of polymer and blowing agent used in its manufacture. The followingshowcases the differences in rigid insulation and the clear advantage of using XPS:

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*ASHRAE 90.1; American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329. **Competing types of rigid insulation include Expanded Polystyrene and Polyisocyanurate. †See actual warranty for details. The color PINK is a registered trademark of Owens Corning. ©2009 Owens Corning.


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BRICK + STONE RECONSTRUCTION

By C.C. Sullivan and Barbara Horwitz-Bennett

After reading this article, you should be able to:

Discuss the basic issues affecting therestoration of historic brick structures. Describe the characteristics of naturalstone and historic mortars that must beconsidered in renovation and restora-tion projects. Explain the basic details and installationtechniques for proper application ofmanufactured cast stone. List three ways to prevent moisture-relat-ed defects in masonry and brick walls. Explain the benefits of stone and brickfor sustainable building projects.

Learning Objectives


Restoration andRenovation

The Gerding Theater at the Armory, in

Portland, Ore., the country’s fi rst LEED

Platinum historic renovation and fi rst

LEED Platinum theater, involved exten-

sive brick restoration work. Originally

constructed in 1889, it now accom-

modates a 599-seat main-stage theater

and a 200-seat black-box.

HistoricMasonry

Historic restoration and preservation efforts are accelerating throughoutthe U.S., thanks in part to available tax credits, awards programs, andgreen building trends. While these projects entail many different build-

ing components and systems, façade restoration—as the public face of theseolder structures—is a key focus.

Recognizing this, seasoned architects and consultants often spend muchtime analyzing and evaluating an existing structure with the goal of best pre-serving the original façade design.

According to Andrew Wolfram, AIA, LEED AP, a senior associate in theSan Francisco offi ce of Perkins+Will (www.perkinswill.com), such projects of-ten start out with a longer pre-design phase than in new construction. “At theinitiation of the project, we conduct a comprehensive due diligence analysisof the building,” says Wolfram. “We start with an analysis and evaluation ofhistoric drawings and specifi cations, all the way through archival research.”

The next step, says Wolfram, who has spent most of his 20-year career onhistoric preservation projects, is an overall “binocular survey” of common

bdc0908supp_brick 21 8/6/2009 10:11:28 PM



Adaptive Reuse Case Study

Architecture firm Perkins+Will is turninga 1930s San Francisco Public Health Ser-vice Hospital in the city’s Presidio districtinto a 22,000-sf apartment building. Tap-ping into historic tax credits and trackingfor LEED Gold certification, the programfor this unique adaptive-reuse projectincludes restoring historic brick and stonefaçades on the Georgian revival structure.

“We are currently working with thecontractor to select appropriate infillmaterials at areas where historic masonryhad been removed in prior renovationsof the building,” says Andrew Wolfram,AIA, LEED AP, a senior associate inPerkins+Will’s San Francisco office.Glass-fiber-reinforced polymer panels havebeen selected to emulate terra cotta andlimestone in larger decorative areas. Thepanels can easily be molded from existingdetails. However, for smaller areas at a his-toric entrance portico, “We have found thatit is less expensive as an infill material to

use Indiana limestone,” says Wolfram.In order to boost the façade’s energyefficiency, an interior stud wall with insu-lation has also been specified behind thebrick wall.

The $71 million project, slated for com-

pletion this fall, will convert the space into161 residential units, a management office,a fitness center, a private dining room andwine bar, and other tenant amenities.

Façade restoration in progress at the his-

toric PHS Hospital. Built in the 1930s, the

hospital is being converted into a 22,000-sf

apartment building.

Rendering of Public Health Service Hospi-

tal’s rehabbed entry portico.

signs of exterior aging. For a masonry buildings—and takinginto account local site conditions—this visual inspectionincludes the overall condition of visible stone, mortar, andgrout, as well as such conditions as:

• Delamination.• Effl orescence.

• Spalling.• Steel lintel failure.During this assessment, says Joseph K. Oppermann, FAIA,

a Winston-Salem, N.C.-based historic preservation consul-tant, “We look for the patterns of deterioration as they pointto weaknesses in the design or the use of materials. We alsolook to the patterns of maintenance and repairs, as the loca-tion and frequency of repairs tell us a lot as to the areas of thebuilding most susceptible to problems.”

One key to a successful predesign inspection, says RobertMack, FAIA, a principal with MacDonald and Mack Ar-chitects, Minneapolis (www.mmarchltd.com), is taking thetime to do a proper evaluation. “Go slow!” he advises. “Thebuilding probably has been there for many years, and takingthe time to do tests and evaluate the results won’t lead tosignifi cantly more deterioration.”

According to experts like David A. Vottero, AIA, seniorassociate and director of architectural design, and Brian E.Kiggins, AIA, senior associate, SchooleyCaldwell Associ-ates, Columbus, Ohio, facilities personnel who have knowna building for some time can be extremely helpful to Build-ing Teams who are investigating an existing structure. Forexample, the project leaders can inquire about things like past

A coquina stone façade on a 1797 Spanish Colonial structure in St.

Augustine, Fla., is inspected prior to patching.

bdc0908supp_brick 22 8/6/2009 10:12:31 PM

All Screws & Adhesive Tubes included in each box of TOTALFLASH™

Built-In NO-CLOG DRAINAGE MATTE lets water pass, unobstructed,

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Built-InNO-CLOG

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moisture to the outside of the building.

Built-InSTAINLESSSTEELDRIP EDGE

releases moisture away from building.

Pre-FormedCORNER BOOTS,

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Built-InTERMINATION BARSwith pre-drilled holes, allow

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5-1/2-ft. Panels ofPRE-CUT FLEXIBLE FLASHING1

All main components are factory- assembled onto easy-to-mount flashing panels.

“Installation was extremely neat, and it really did go twice as fast! TotalFlash doesn’t short-change

anything--it’s all right there. You can bet I’ll be showing it to the architects on my future jobs.”

- Jack McKeever, Angelina Stone & Marble, St. Clairsville, OH

18”

Invented & patented by a historic-restoration specialist, TotalFlash is the first--and only--”all-in-one” drainage system for cavity walls. All needed

components arrive factory-assembled onto each handy, right-sized panel of flexible flashing. Here’s how it can ease your life:

No waiting for--or chasing after--a bunch of separate components (every-thing you need is in each carton, even screws and adhesives). No climbing

up and down scaffolding with big rolls of flashing or to get missing parts. No assembling various parts inside the cavity. No fear of missing a little

dust on the backup wall--it’s NOT “peel-&-stick.” No cutting or trimming (it arrives pre-cut to Restoration sizes). No trouble with uneven back walls--it covers them

neatly. No worry about stainless drip-edges slipping when you lay the mortar (the drip-edge is firmly attached to each flashing panel). No weeping--it has mesh tabs built right in. The job goes twice as fast (or even faster), saving 50% or more in Time-&-Labor costs!

Oh, and did we mention that TotalFlash is the most complete, dependable drainage system on the market? Or that its perfect uniformity (and clearly marked lap-joints) make it a breeze to inspect? Call and ask us for a free sample. It could be a new day for you.

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repairs, the history of problems in various portions of thebuilding, as well as leak locations.

Another important part of the early project evaluation ismaterials testing. This may include positively identifyingthings like sand gradation and color, as well brick compres-sive strength and mortar strength. Even so, Mack stressesthe importance of being practical: “For many buildings, forexample, the bricks and mortar can be adequately evaluatedusing a simple hardness-classifi cation tool rather than expen-sive laboratory tests.”

Similarly, Oppermann, past chairman of the AmericanInstitute of Architects Historic Resources Committee and afounding member of the AIA Preservation Education TaskGroup, says, “With most materials and construction tech-niques, architects can handle much of the identifi cation andassessment process themselves, using testing laboratories forsome analyses and the manufacturers of the materials for col-laboration on solutions.”

However, more complex or historically signifi cant projectsdo call for experts such as a historic architect or architecturalconservator, whose experience and training in materials andmethods of construction, code compliance, and architecturalhistory should benefi t the project. As for tracking down a

credentialed professional ideal for a given project, referralscan be procured from state historic preservation offi ces, theAmerican Institute for Conservation of Historic and ArtisticWorks (http://aic.stanford.edu), the Association for Preserva-tion Technology (APT, www.apti.org), or local AIA offi ces,according to Mack, a professor at the University of Min-nesota School of Architecture whose career spans more thanfour decades devoted to historic preservation.

Another useful resource is the AIA Historic ResourcesCommittee’s Guide to Historic Preservation (www.aia.org/aiaucmp/groups/aia/documents/pdf/aias075381.pdf), whichgives a good overview of key players to strengthen the Build-ing Team as well as the various stages of a typical historicalpreservation project.

HISTORIC RESTORATION: BRICKOnce an overall assessment is completed, it’s time to analyzethe extent of observable or reported damage and the poten-tial causes of its harmful effects. For brick structures, DanielFriedman, a Poughkeepsie, N.Y.-based consultant special-izing in construction, environmental testing, and inspection,offers a brief diagnostics punch list (also available in moredetail at the online resource InspectAPedia, www.inspect-ny.com). Highlights for historic brick subjects include:

• Bulging brick walls can be caused by bond-brick orbond-course failures, which are dangerous and require urgentattention.

• Cracks and bulges may indicate frost and earth loading,which can push a below-grade brick foundation wall inwards.

• Cracks and loose bricks are caused by frost, settlement,and expansion, often found at building corners where roofspillage is concentrated.

• Loose bricks and missing or lost mortar are common andhave various causes.

• Spalling can occur when water and frost expand behindthe brick’s exterior surface, leading to cracks where a brickhas lost its hard surface or at openings by window and doorpenetrations.

• Exfoliating rust damage can occur due to improper caulk-ing that traps moisture—for example, between the brick and asteel lintel over a window or door.

• Improper repair mortar has many deleterious effects,including surface spalling, and occurs when a high-Portland-content mortar is used on soft brick in a climate subject tofreezing weather conditions.

• Sandblasting bricks often results in a permanently dam-aged brick surface, and is considered to be poor practice inbuilding renovation and maintenance.

Once problems are identifi ed, possibilities for replacingand restoring the brick can be considered. Meredith Strout,AIA, LEED AP, a senior project manager in the San Fran-



A stucco veneer at Charleston’s Market Hall, original constructed in

1841, is being repaired.

The Association for Preservation Technology will hold itsannual conference November 2-6, 2009, in Los Angeles. Inaddition to workshops, symposiums, and exhibits, field ses-sions will feature Frank Lloyd Wright’s Textile Block housesin Hollywood Hills, Pasadena’s Arroyo Seco Landmarks , andMid-century Houses by Rudolf Schindler and Richard Neutra.More information: www.apti.org.

National Conference onPreservation Technology

bdc0908supp_brick 24 8/6/2009 10:13:57 PM

Sika Sarnafil, A Division of Sika Corporation

Tel. 1-800-451-2504, Fax: 781-828-5365, www.sikacorp.com

Performance that Pays. Sustainability that’s Smart.What does sustainability mean to you?

At Sika Sarnafil, it means delivering high-quality, energy-efficient roofing and waterproofing solutions that not only reduce environmental impact but continue to outperform after decades of service. Around the world, Sika Sarnafil products are proving their value through significantly lower utility and maintenance costs, year after year. Unparalleled performance—designed to meet your sustainability goals of energy efficiency, environmentally preferable products, greenhouse gas reduction and waste minimization—makes Sika Sarnafil the choice of roofing consultants, architects, contractors and facility managers alike. To learn more about how our products can help you achieve your sustainability goals, visit SustainabilityThatPays.com.

Converting Waste into PerformanceSika Sarnafil has diverted

more than 20 million pounds of vinyl membrane from the landfill, recycling it back into

roofing and waterproofing membrane products.


Sika Sarnafil is proud to be a participating member of VisibleCity.com, an online virtual city that demonstrates the next wave in city design, construction and living. VisibleCity is an interactive space where architects, engineers, contractors and developers meet to explore forward-thinking design; consider sustainability issues; and experience innovative building products that positively impact a built environment’s performance. Take a virtual tour of the Carver-Hawkeye Arena and learn more about the future of sustainable practices and Sika Sarnafil’s high-performance solutions by visiting VisibleCity.com.

PROJECT PROFILECarver-Hawkeye ArenaUniversity of IowaIowa City, Iowa

ArchitectBenchmark, Inc.

Roofing ContractorCEI Roofing Texas, LLC

Roofing SystemsSika Sarnafil mechanically attached roof system, using Sarnafil 60 mil S327 EnergySmart Roof® membrane (white)

Project Size158,000 square feet

A Winning Performance From a Resilient Player The University of Iowa’s Carver-Hawkeye Arena seats 15,500 for basketball and is host to numerous concerts, commencements and events. The arena’s original mechanically attached Sarnafil roof had been performing admirably for 25 years when a severe storm hit in April 2006, damaging parts of the roof. The university’s engineer, Jeff Hayes, had been planning to gradually phase in a new roofing system, but the storm’s impact changed the game plan. Hayes suddenly found himself playing against the clock to replace the roof in time for the fall basketball season.

Hayes first retained the roofing consultant services of Benchmark, Inc. of Cedar Rapids. After evaluating various roofing options, Benchmark recommended the Sarnafil EnergySmart Roof®. The choice was based on the positive experience with Sika Sarnafil roofs, as well as the impressive longevity of the arena’s original Sarnafil roof system.

Playing Against the ClockPrior to the start of construction, Sika Sarnafil came up with a proposal for the old membrane: recycle it for use in a new Sika Sarnafil product. Hayes liked the idea. “The University is always looking for opportunities to recycle materials that would otherwise end up in the landfill,” he said. The roofing contractor, CEI Roofing, was also enthusiastic. As CEI president Byron Warnick put it, “Sika Sarnafil really are the pioneers in recycling old roofing membranes and we found this very exciting.”

Knowing the roof had to be completed before basketball season, CEI crews worked seven days a week, except for four days when there were home football games. They first removed the old membrane and replaced the insulation around the outer edges of the roof. Most of the remaining insulation was determined to be in good shape and could be reused. Gypsum board was mechanically fastened over the insulation and the Sarnafil EnergySmart Roof membrane was then installed.

Recycling Wins Extra Points for AllThe discarded membrane was rolled up and sent to a processor in preparation for recycling back into roofing membrane products. Even after 25 years of non-stop performance the aging roof material proved to be a resilient player. Like a seasoned athlete, the aging Sika Sarnafil membrane continues to perform today in its new, recycled edition, while the new EnergySmart Roof continues the legacy of performance under pressure. Sika Sarnafil exceeded expectations and scored big with everyone involved in the project. Warnick was especially pleased with the recycling initiative, calling it “something that owners will want to be a part of.” Hayes added, “It’s a win/win situation for the University—and for everyone.”



cisco offi ce of HOK (www.hok.com), describes her fi rm’sgeneral approach: “Our consultants will advise us, but ourgoal is to preserve, not necessarily restore, what is left of thebrick and match the mortar in color, softness, and strength.”

As for specifi c options, Harry J. Hunderman, FAIA, asenior principal with Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates (www.wje.com), Northbrook, Ill., lists removal and reinstallationof original brick as one restoration strategy. Other optionsinclude using salvaged brick from elsewhere on the building,reclaiming salvaged brick from other buildings, or fi nd-ing a matching new brick, which may require custom brickfabrication.

In the opinion of SchooleyCaldwell’s Kiggins, resorting tocustom brick fabrication should be used only in rare instanc-es. “Given the plethora of options available to designers, it isalmost always possible to fi nd an existing brick that works fora given application,” he says.

In purely aesthetic terms, blending the old with the new isimportant, yet as Oppermann points out, “The compatibilityof performance characteristics is critical to extending the lifeof the building.” In other words, the repairs and renovationsneed to be consistent with the original construction technol-ogy in order to minimize future maintenance.

Addressing both aesthetics and performance, one of themost common historic preservation approaches is repointing.Because this technique requires skilled handwork, special ma-terials, time, and money, the best approach may be to repoint

only where necessary on a wall, rather than repointing anentire wall elevation, says Mack. However, if repointing isrequired for a good percentage of the wall, then repointingthe whole wall often ends up being more cost effective.

Before repointing can begin, the fi rst step is match-ing the existing mortar, as Jeff L. LaRue, AIA, senior vicepresident and director of quality management in the Dallasoffi ce of HKS (www.hksinc.com), explains: “Repointingwith mortar which matches the existing in color, shape,and texture is mandatory for a successful restoration.”However, mortar matching can be one of the biggest tech-nical obstacles facing masonry contractors, says StephanNiewiadomski, vice president of National Restoration Sys-tems, Rolling Meadows, Ill. (www.nrsys.com). Fortunately,today’s choice of mortar types is more extensive than ever,making it easier to match colors.

According to Kiggins, “One aspect of mortar that shouldnot be overlooked is the color and size of the aggregate,”which can have a big impact on the overall appearance of themortar. “Finding a source for a matching aggregate is criticalin many instances because it adds to the overall appearance ofthe mortar.”

As described in a technical paper that Mack co-authoredfor the National Preservation Society (http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/TPS/briefs/brief02.htm), the new mortarmust either have greater vapor permeability and be softer (asmeasured in compressive strength) than the masonry units,or the new mortar must be as vapor permeable and as soft orsofter than the historic mortar.


Editor’s Note

Additional required reading online! To earn 1 AIA/CES continuingeducation unit, complete the required reading and take the CEUexam posted at www.BDCnetwork.com/article/ca6675037.html.


Mortar Types (measured by volume)

ASTM Hydrated limeDesignation Cement or lime putty Sand

Type M2,500 psi 1 1/4 3 to 3¾Type S1,800 psi 1 1/2 4 to 4½Type N750 psi 1 1 5 to 6Type O350 psi 1 2 8 to 9Type K75 psi 1 3 10 to 12Type “L”(lime and sand) 0 1 2¼ to 3SOURCE: National Park Servicehttp://www.nps.gov/history/hps/TPS/briefs/brief02.htm

The ASTM designates fi ve mortar types, each with recommended mix

proportions, to aid in distinguishing between high-strength mortars and

soft, fl exible mortars—and to ensure the right physical properties are

achieved. In decreasing order of strength, they are: Type M, S, N, O, K

and a Type “L,” a straight lime and sand mix.

Suggested Mortar Types forDifferent Exposures

Exposure

Masonry Material Sheltered Moderate SevereVery durable: granite,hard-cored brick, etc. O N SModerately durable: limestone,durable stone, molded brick K O NMinimally durable:soft handmade brick “L” K OSource: National Park Service Preservation Brief, “Repointing Mortar Joints in

Historic Masonry Buildings” http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/TPS/briefs/brief02.htm

Mortars for historic preservation projects must be selected according to

the type of masonry material and anticipated exposure.

bdc0908supp_brick 28 8/6/2009 10:15:05 PM

Design 30BIM/IT 34Collaboration 38Healthcare 40Products 42Technology 44Business Management 46Green Building 48

29 GreatSolutions

AEC fi rms are hotbeds of invention and innovation tomeet client needs in today’s highly competitive envi-ronment. The editors of Building Design+Constructionare pleased to present 29 “Great Solutions” to someof the most complex problems and issues facingBuilding Teams today.


For the expanded Great Solutionsreport, visit www.BDCnetwork.com/GreatSolutions

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Canopies offer high stylebelow bridgesAt several points along the riverwalk, the path runs beneathbridges where passing vehicles can shower pedestrians belowwith dirt and debris and where the covered, shadowy spacecan instill a sense of trepidation in those walking underneath.The architects’ solution to these problems was the installation ofcanopies that act as barriers between the bridges and the path-way. Bright lighting is integrated into the canopies, which arecovered with stainless steel shingles that act as mirrors to reflectthe water’s shimmering elegance. One Chicago architecture criticblogging about the canopies wrote: “instead of under-bridge fear,you get under-bridge delight.” BD+C

Shielding pedestrians from falling dirt and debris, this canopy under the

Michigan Avenue bridge shimmers as its steel shingles refl ect the river.

Chicago has long enjoyed a beautiful waterfront along LakeMichigan, but the Windy City’s second waterfront alongthe Chicago River was often ignored and mostly neglected.Thanks to a $22 million rehab by local architect Carol RossBarney and her associate John Fried, a 1.3-mile stretch of landmorphed into an urban park with a 17-foot-wide promenadethat meanders along the river’s south bank through the heart ofdowntown Chicago. Parts of the Riverwalk existed prior to theoverhaul, but the usable spaces existed as self-contained islandswith no relation to one another, forcing pedestrians to climbsteps and cross busy streets to get from one to the other. Con-necting these previously unconnected spaces and creating anuninterrupted path (gaps were built atop steel piles and concretelandfi ll) that can be used by people strolling, jogging, or bikingalong the water was critical. The improvements also broughtcafés, retail, tour boat docks, extensive landscaping and hard-scaping, and abundant seating. The city’s new Vietnam VeteransMemorial Fountain is also installed along the Riverwalk.

1. RIVERWALK TRANSFORMS CHICAGO’SSECOND WATERFRONT

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The Riverwalk runs along the south bank of the Chicago River,giving the Windy City a 1.3-mile-long pedestrian promenade.

By Robert Cassidy, Editor-in-Chief; Jay W. Schneider,Senior Editor; Dave Barista, Managing Editor; and JeffYoders, Senior Associate Editor

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Reconstruction of the High Line turned 1.45 miles of elevatedand abandoned railroad track into a public park that offersunprecedented views of New York City and the Hudson Riveras it winds around buildings and over streets 30 feet abovethe West Side (from Gansevoort St. to 34th St., between 10th& 11th Avenues). The original 13-mile High Line openedin 1934 as a way to combat numerous accidents by elevat-ing freight train tracks above street-level traffic (10th Avenuewas dubbed Death Avenue around this time), a public-privateproject that cost $150 million, the equivalent of $2 billiontoday. The newest High Line project, the first phase of which

opened June 8, cost $152 million and was championed byFriends of the High Line and planned by the architects DillerScofidio & Renfro and landscape architect James Corner FieldOperations. As part of the adaptive reuse project, the HighLine is being fully rehabilitated (concrete repair, repainting,and drainage improvements) and pathways, lush plantings,seating (fixed and mobile) and lighting are being added. Ac-cess points occur every two to three blocks. The High Line,which took inspiration from the Promenade Plantée in Paris,is serving as inspiration for urban renewal projects in Chicago,Jersey City, Rotterdam, Philadelphia, and St. Louis.

2. HIGH LINE ELEVATES THE TYPICAL URBAN PARK

Built on the 75-year-old ruins of New York City’s elevated freight train tracks, the High Line is a 1.45-mile urban park that windsaround buildings and above streets on the city’s West Side. The $152 million rehab is inspiring similar projects throughout the world.

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When Wolcott Architecture|Interiors of Culver City,Calif., was asked to design BeachBody’s new Santa Monica,Calif., offices, the fitness and weight loss solutions companychallenged them to create a workspace that reflected itsmission to promote healthy lifestyles. One of the 55,000-sfoffice’s standout features is a ¼-mile walking track that runsaround the perimeter of the office’s third floor. Workspaceswere pulled away from outside walls allowing daylight to

filter throughout the space—sustainability aligned with thecompany’s wellness goals and the office earned LEED CIGold—and by doing so a six-foot-wide walkway was cre-ated. Architects turned it into a real walking track—downto the rubber sports flooring—that also functions as a maincirculation path. Employees now have a convenient way toincorporate walking into their exercise regimen—or a way towork off a really big lunch.

3. WALKING TRACK FITS FIRM’S WELLNESS FOCUS

The main circulation path in BeachBody’s Santa Monica, Calif., office is also a ¼-mile walking track, complete with rubber flooring.

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Before 3D walkthroughs for client presentations were popular, HKS manager of Advanced Technologies Pat Carmichael and his team were working to marry gaming engines with 3D building models. “What’s being tasked to us more and more is not just to show design, but to show function,” Carmichael said. HKS’s in-house-developed ARCHengine allows realistic architectural visualization in an interactive virtual environment. It includes the ability to show real-time shadows and light, moving fi gures, opera-tional mechanical equipment, and animations that run at 30

frames per second. Utilizing the polygonal structure of Epic Games’ Unreal Engine 3, ARCHengine delivers textured details and immersive graphic environments that can show how a building will work to clients and potential buyers. For the new $1 billion Dallas Cowboys Stadium, ARCH-engine was able to show different views from different seats and allow potential season ticket holders to walk, or fl y, through the stadium. Now, other visualization programs are following Carmichael’s lead and using gaming engines to show architectural design.

HKS used its ARCHengine virtual environment to allow season ticket holders to see different views and angles of the $1 billion Cowboys stadium project.


4. ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION THROUGH GAMING TECHNOLOGY

To help its 1,500-plus architects design energy-effi cient buildings toward meeting AIA’s 2030 Challenge, Perkins+Will in April launched an online energy estimating and evalua-tion tool for new construction and retrofi t projects. The fi rm made the tool available to the public for free at http://2030e2.perkinswill.com.

The 2030 e2 Energy Estimating Tool allows users to set targets in four key areas—energy effi ciency, on-site renew-able energy, grid-supplied renewable energy, and green power offsets—and assess a building’s design against the goals of the 2030 Challenge, which calls for an immediate 50% reduction in

carbon emissions of buildings and carbon neutrality by 2030.Plug in the project name, location, and start date, as well as

key energy-related information such as regional fuel mix and baseline energy use for the area, and the tool automatically tracks progress toward 2030.

“The 2030 e2 Energy Estimating Tool allows designers to explore different percentages of these elements to achieve the 2030 goals,” says Doug Pierce, AIA, LEED, senior associate in Perkins+Will’s Minneapolis offi ce and developer of the tool. “Additionally, the tool can be used over and over to confi rm 2030 compliance throughout the life of the project.”

5. FREE ONLINE DESIGN TOOL FOR ENERGY ESTIMATING AND EVALUATION

GREAT SOLUTIONSBIM / INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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GREAT SOLUTIONS

An example of how BIM virtual mockups work: The fi rst fi gure (left) shows a point on a roof where a radius needed to intersect with atangent. However, the meeting point left no room for construction workers to caulk or fl ash the joint. The virtual mockup in the sec-ond fi gure (right) shows how JE Dunn and its architect modeled a solution during the design stage that would permit worker accessto the point of contention, thus saving a costly change order during construction.

BIM / INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY


This model, seen on the Web in the ICEvision viewer, allows full examina-

tion of the architect’s Revit model. The client used the viewer to “fl y” up

to his offi ce window to see what his sightline would be like during a game.

JE Dunn Construction uses building information modeling extensively on its projects, but the company (ranked #102 with 62 seats of BIM software on BD+C’s Giants BIM adoption list) is also using 3D models for constructability analysis, includ-ing fi eld conditions. All information (even 2D CAD) that JE

Dunn receives from their architects on big projects is put into a 3D model. From there, virtual mockups are created to make sure construction conditions, such as room for a ladder and a worker to fl ash or caulk a joint, are checked out and confi rmed to be buildable (see example below).

7. BIM VIRTUAL MOCKUPS FOUND TO BE LESS EXPENSIVE THAN PHYSICAL MOCKUPS

ICEvision from Salt Lake City-based Ice Edge enables users to explore Revit or AutoCAD 3D models in a dynamically rendered 3D viewer on a computer, smartphone, or other mobile device. The ICEvision viewer is a full exploratory environment of a 3D model that lets you walk through and visualize an entire project in detail rendered directly from AutoCAD or Revit. Publishers can also associate bookmarks and annotations of their models to give guided tours to end users. ICEvision is platform neutral. The ICEvision viewer for Web and e-mail sharing is available as a free download. ICEvision’s iPhone plug-in helps you check models for ac-curacy directly from your jobsite.

6. EASY AUTOCAD AND REVIT FILE SHARING

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Gould Evans needed to trim the cost of its tape-only data stor-age and backup system. IT manager Chet LaBruyere wantedto improve the accessibility of the system to all 150 GouldEvans employees in the firm’s five offices—Kansas City, Mo.,Lawrence, Kan., Phoenix, Tampa, and San Francisco—andreduce the risk of data loss between them. After testing sev-eral systems, LaBruyere decided to go with Riverbed WANtechnology and data replication software from Double-Take.This solution enabled Gould Evans to store all of its backed-

up data on one SRO image server accessible to all offices.Double-Take’s replication software is hardware agnostic, so itcan back up work from Mac, LINUX, or Windows computers.The new system reduces backup labor from 36 human-hoursa week to one or two human-hours a week and saves $55,250a year, plus another $8,400 in annual savings in tape media.Double-Take’s system has reduced the total amount of data onGould Evans’s servers by 52% while more than doubling theirWAN’s bandwidth capacity.

8. BACKUP SOFTWARE SAVES DATA, MONEY AT GOULD EVANS

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bdc0908GreatSol_IT 37 8/6/2009 9:29:32 PM

Collaboration tools are big at AEC fi rms. Architecture fi rmPerkins Eastman links its 13 offi ces worldwide through itsaward-winning proprietary intranet system, ORCHARD,which stands for “Online Resource for the Creative Harvestof Architecturally Relevant Discovery” (catchy, isn’t it?). OR-CHARD unites the fi rm’s Practice Area Communities to sharebest design practices, insights, and lessons learned.

Over at AEC giant Heery International, “e-communities”enable partnering between the fi rm’s offi ces around the country.Interior designer Judy Peterson used the e-community to getfeedback on whether a project should use LEED-CI alone, or

LEED-CI with LEED for Core & Shell. The decision: CI only.Engineering fi rm Walter P Moore created its “Communi-

ties of Practice” in 2008 to share expertise across its 13 offi ces.The “COPs”—in its healthcare, sports, aviation, parking con-sulting, and tall buildings practices—are staffed on a voluntarybasis. The healthcare COP, with 27 volunteers, formed its ownMedical Equipment Task Group to inventory medical equip-ment used in hospital projects. “It’s great, because the folks inHouston and Florida who have seen every MRI known to mancan pass that along to our new offi ces in California,” says KurtYoung, PE, LEED AP, leader of WPM’s healthcare COP.

HOK designers from around the globe are able to collaborate and interact in real time in the fi rm’s new Advanced Collaboration Rooms. The high-tech

videoconferencing spaces allow users to display (in high defi nition) and mark up multiple project-related documents simultaneously.


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To help foster collaboration among its 2,212 employees whilecutting travel time, expenses, and carbon emissions travelingbetween its 24 offi ce locations, HOK is fi tting out its majoroffi ces with prototype videoconferencing rooms that are likeno other in the U.S.

HOK’s Advanced Collaboration Rooms (ACR) combineCisco’s TelePresence high-resolution, interoperable video-conferencing technology with PolyVision’s Thunder VirtualFlipchart System—a sort of digital easel pad that allows HOKdesigners to sketch ideas and “virtually” hang them in multipleACRs so the entire team can collaborate in real time.

Thunder allows users to display images, video, documents,and even live views of computer desktops. Using a series ofprojectors and fl at-screen TVs in each ACR, multiple ideas anddocuments can be displayed at one time, and all meeting notescan be saved, printed, and emailed instantly to participants.

“The ability to bring HOK’s best creative minds togetherin these ACRs is a powerful new tool for our virtual designteams,” says HOK CEO Patrick MacLeamy, who led theeffort to develop the ACR concept. ACRs are currentlyinstalled at seven HOK offi ces, with six more installationsplanned this year.

10. MORE AEC COLLABORATION SOLUTIONS

9. HOK TAKES VIDEOCONFERENCING TO A NEW LEVEL WITH ITS ADVANCED COLLABORATION ROOMS

GREAT SOLUTIONSCOLLABORATION

bdc0908GreatSol_collab 38 8/6/2009 9:53:26 PM

BATHROOM PODSWe build it. We install it.We deliver it.

Kullman Bathroom PODS™ utilize the latest green technology,contribute to LEED® points and are even reusable. Complete withfixtures and finishes, Kullman Bathroom PODS are factory-built andinstalled Plug and Play at your site.

To simplify your next green construction project, visit us on the web atwww.kullman.com or call for a FREE CATALOG & TECHNICAL GUIDEat 1-888-567-KPOD (5763). Bathrooms. Simplified.™



The intra-operative MRI system at the United Hospital Nasseff Neuroscience Center in St. Paul, Minn., will allow neurosurgeonsto perform real-time MRI scans during operations to confirm that all cancerous tissue is removed during prodecures.


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A major limitation of traditional brain cancer surgery is thelack of scanning capability in the operating room. Neurosur-geons do their best to visually identify and remove the cancer-ous tissue, but only an MRI scan will confirm if the operationwas a complete success or not. Consequently, patients must bestitched up and wheeled into the MRI room for further scans.If cancer is still present, further surgery is often required.

To avoid putting its patients through this painful cycle ofsurgeries and scans, the United Hospital Nasseff NeuroscienceCenter in St. Paul, Minn., is collaborating with HDR Architec-ture on an intra-operative MRI system. This “MRI on a track”will be able to move between two operating rooms and spin in

any direction, allowing neurosurgeons to perform real-timeMRI scans during operations.

“The neurosurgeon can use the intra-operative MRI to con-firm that the entire tumor was removed before closing, thusreducing the need for additional operations,” says Douglas S.Wignall, AIA, RAIC, international healthcare director withHDR Architecture, Omaha, Neb. In addition, Wignall saysthe mobility of the system allows the neurosurgeon to updateimages quickly and efficiently so that surgical adjustments anddecisions can be made with pinpoint accuracy.

“This is one example of how architecture can help savelives,” says Wignall.

11. OPERATING ROOM-INTEGRATED MRI WILL HELP NEUROSURGEONS GET IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME

GREAT SOLUTIONSHEALTHCARE

bdc0908GreatSol_HCare 40 8/6/2009 9:37:27 PM

Faced with the unprecedented task of having to replace halfits California hospital beds by 2015, Oakland, Calif.-basedKaiser Permanente, the nation’s largest nonprofit HMO,enlisted SmithGroup and Chong Partners Architecture(now Stantec Architecture) to collaborate on the design of anew hospital template—a state-of-the-art, prototypical hos-pital that could be built on many different sites with onlyminimal changes to the basic concept for quick and efficientconstruction.

Luckily, the team wasn’t starting from scratch. Over theyears Kaiser had developed best-practices templates foremergency departments, patient rooms, and other individualclinical spaces and those pieces were combined into a singleconfiguration for an entire hospital. The resulting templateconsists of common planning concepts, floor plans, equip-ment and furnishings, and structural and building systems.Exterior skins and colors vary from site to site. So far Kaiserhas built five hospitals using the template, which shaved 15to 18 months off its typical new hospital timeline.

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A. Secondary MOB. B. MOB. C. Hospital. D. Nursing units. E. Signature

entry rotunda. F. Future construction, including hospital expansion, ad-

ditional MOB, clinic, and parking. G. Future helipad.


Modular nursing stations are designed to accommodate virtu-ally any healthcare environment, whether for centralized ordecentralized spaces, standard or high-tech facilities, or newor retrofit projects. HDR Architecture collaborated with Nur-ture by Steelcase on the SYNC line, which was inspired by theway people fit in cockpits and automobiles. It accommodatesmultiple users, heights, and movements.

The centralized solution is offered in three fixed heights—28½, 36, and 42 inches—to provide seated, service counter,

and standing solutions. Widths are available in one-footincrements from five to nine feet, and integrated monitor armshave 160-degree adjustability for sharing information betweencaregivers. The product sits elevated off the floor, creating alight, minimalistic look.

The decentralized products provide height-adjustable (23 to48 inches), fixed, or combination surfaces in eight shapes. Two-person configurations allow each work surface to be adjustedindividually.

12. NURSING STATIONS GO MODULAR

The new SYNC modular nursing station line from Nurture by Steelcase is designed to accommodate both centralized and decentralized spaces.

13. TEMPLATE HELPS HOSPITALS OPEN QUICKLY AND EFFICIENTLY

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16. CONCRETE SLABS PLAYS UPRUBBER BALL TECHNOLOGYThe BubbleDeck utilized in construction of the $27 million,104,000-sf academic building at Dalhousie University in Hali-fax, Nova Scotia, is new to North America, but the concreteslab technology has been used in Europe since the early 1990s.BubbleDeck technology involves substituting recycled rubberballs for concrete that has no carrying effect (nonworking deadload) in concrete slabs, which reduces the amount of concreteused by 35%. Steel lattice locks the balls in place and servesas traditional reinforcing components to create a monolithichollow slab with maximum biaxial strength. The site of thefour-story Dalhousie project had height restrictions, so theflexible BubbleDeck allowed the Building Team to use mul-tiple grades; slabs can be utilized in various shapes, sizes, andapplications, such as cantilevers and large deck spans. Becausethe BubbleDeck slabs have significant span capabilities, theyrequire fewer support columns, which gives the Dalhousiebuilding more usable floor space and allows better filtration ofnatural light. The university is targeting LEED Gold.

15. TRANSFORM ANY WORK SURFACEINTO A CHARGING STATIONImagine being able to charge your laptop, smart phone, or iPodby simply placing it on your desk. Sounds improbable, but wire-less charging technology is actually a reality thanks to Com-merce Township, Mich.-based Powermat Ltd. The company’sPowermat utilizes the principles of magnetic induction totransform virtually any surface into an energy hub for chargingportable electronic devices. Simply plug in the mat and place itanywhere on your work surface. Form-fitting covers embeddedwith a wireless receiver allow gadgets to “plug in” and powerup. The company is also exploring partnerships with workplacefurniture manufacturers, such as Teknion, to embed the Power-mat in tabletops, desktops, and other furniture.

14. MOD POD A NOD TO FLEX BIZDesigned by the British firm Tate + Hindle, the OfficePODis a flexible office space that can be installed, well, justabout anywhere, indoors or out. The self-contained modu-lar units measure aboutseven feet square andare designed to serve asdedicated space for em-ployees who work fromhome or other remotelocations. Constructionof the modular pods in-cludes natural, recycled,and recyclable materials,as well as insulation and ahigh-efficiency HVAC system. Thepods are plug-in powered; the fully wired units connectto an existing structure (home, garage, office building,um…Starbucks?) while IT and phone connectivity is wire-less, but can also be cabled in. Delivery takes approximately12 weeks.

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18. KILLER BEETLES LEAD TOCONCRETE PLYWOODThe mountain pine beetle is devastating British Columbia’sconifer forests, and while some researchers focused oncontrolling the destruction, others focused on salvaging thebillions of dead trees. The University of Northern BritishColumbia’s professor Ron Thring and graduate student SorinPasca focused on salvaging efforts and discovered that deadwood from lodgepole pine trees is an excellent ingredient forcement production. While cement typically repels organicmaterial, the beetles “enhanced” the wood in such a way thatit sticks to cement and act as a substitute for typical aggregateslike stones and rocks. Researchers say the concrete plywoodhybrid board (left), which they call MPB (for mountain pinebeetle), is water resistant and can be used in place of drywalland gypsum board or as flooring and countertop surfacing.Boards can be cut with regular woodworking tools and nailedwithout pre-drilling.

17. BROWN RICE FORGREENER CONCRETEWhile slag from steel mills, fly ash, andsilica fume are being added to concreteto reduce the material’s greenhousegas emissions and make it stronger andmore resistant to corrosion, rice husks(the small cases around edible rice ker-nels) have so far proved an unsuitableadditive because when burned, its ash istoo contaminated with carbon. How-ever, scientists were focused on findingways to utilize rice husks because theyare very rich in silicon dioxide, a coreconcrete ingredient. A breakthroughhas come from researchers at Plano,Texas-based ChK Group, who discov-ered that superheating the husks to al-most 1500 ºF in an oxygen-free furnaceproduces pure, nearly carbon-free silica.ChK researchers, who are still refiningtheir production processes, speculate asingle full-size furnace could produce15,000 tons of rice husk ash annually,which can be used to replace up to 20%of cement used in concrete production.

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19. HYBRID GEOTHERMAL TECHNOLOGYThe team at Stantec saved $800,000 in construction costsby embedding geothermal piping into the structural pilesat the WestJet office complex in Calgary, Alb., rather thandrilling boreholes adjacent to the building site, which is thestandard approach. Regular geothermal installation wouldhave required about 200 boreholes, each about four-inches indiameter and 300-350 feet deep, but incorporating geothermal

piping into 73 of the building’s 105 structural piles before con-crete was poured required only 20 additional boreholes to bedrilled, each about 350 feet deep. The geothermal system, inconcert with the $100 million project’s many other sustainablefeatures (rainwater collection, daylighting, recycled materials),should help the property save $200,000 annually on energycosts and earn it a LEED Gold rating.

Kinetic road plates installed in a parking lot at the Sainsbury’s store

in Gloucester, England. Kinetic energy captured as vehicles drive

over the plates is channeled back into the store. The plates can pro-

duce up to 30 kWh of electrical power every hour, enough to power

the store’s checkout machines. “Customers can now play a very

active role in making their local shop greener, without extra effort

or cost,” says Alison Austin, Sainsbury’s environment manager. The

system was invented by Peter Hughes, of Highway Energy Systems,

based in Somerset, England.

Only 20 geothermal boreholes were drilled at the WestJet complex because a majority of the piping was embedded in the building’s structural piles.

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21. CUTTING THE COOLING LOAD OF DATACENTERS BY 15%Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, At-lanta, are using a 1,100-sf simulated data center to developand evaluate new ways of controlling heat in commercialdata centers, one of the fastest-growing building types inthe country. The researchers, led by Professor YogendraJoshi of the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering,have found ways to cut energy center cooling costs 15% byrearranging servers and space for optimal airflow patterns.Their simulated data center uses several different coolingsystems, partitions to change room air volumes, sophisti-cated thermometers attached directly to a server’s moth-erboard, and both real and simulated airflow sensors tomeasure the output of fans and other systems. The researchis sponsored by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and theConsortium for Energy Efficient Thermal Management.

Graduate student Shawn Shields checks server performance while Dr.

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As a result of the slumping economy, there’s a glut of dis-tressed, semi-completed properties that started deteriorat-ing soon after construction halted. Seeing an opportunity inhelping banks or new investor owners salvage, complete, andreposition these languishing properties, Englewood Con-struction of Schiller Park, Ill., launched a distressed propertydivision. The GC is licensed in 48 states, which gives clients asingle firm and single point of contact to navigate the com-plexities of many different jurisdictional authorities, damageanalysis, and cost estimates endemic to distressed properties.The new division’s first contract involves completing six ValuePlace hotels in four states (Iowa, Louisiana, North Carolina,and Ohio), each one in a different stage of construction. Thework involved in completing the Value Place hotels, which areall four-story properties averaging 121 rooms and 42,000 sf,adds approximately 100 construction jobs per building and,once open for business, the hotels will start contributing totheir local economies.

Six previously stalled Value Place hotels are being completed by

Englewood Construction’s new distressed property division.


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We’ve all seen the TV commercials for AT&T and Comcastselling the cost advantages of bundling phone, cable, andInternet services. Shane Ketterman, network engineer andadministrator with ZGF Architects, applied similar logic whensearching for ways to cut costs and streamline communicationsat the 473-employee Portland, Ore., firm.

Ketterman found a partner in PATEC Holding Corp. todevelop a customized solution to bundle and transmit allvoice, video, Internet, and data services using a dedicated radiofrequency line instead of traditional wire distribution. Radio

antennas mounted on the roof of each of the firm’s five officestransmit and receive voice/data three times faster than before,and at a fraction of the cost. Ketterman’s solution will saveZGF $320,000 this year alone.

“Transmitting data via radio waves is much more cost effec-tive and allows greater flexibility for increased bandwidth andadditional services as the needs of the business change,” says Ket-terman. His solution is also much more reliable than traditionaldelivery methods—the dedicated FCC radio frequency cannot beinterrupted or jammed—and it requires less energy to operate.

Tocci Building Companies is finding success in repositioningcommercial properties for university use, and it expects thetrend to continue. The firm’s Capital Cove project in Provi-dence, R.I., for instance, was originally designed by ElkusManfredi (with design continued by HDS Architects) to be amixed-use complex with private, market-rate condominiums.The economy stalled those plans. The economy is also stallinguniversity projects, preventing much-needed student hous-ing from going up. The nation’s colleges and universities havethe capacity to house only about 25% of students, and sinceenrollment has a history of rising during a recession, the higher-ed housing crunch could get much worse. Johnson & WalesUniversity saw a solution to its housing shortage by leasing the96-unit Capital Cove complex, locating students in Providence’shistoric Capitol District and in close proximity to public trans-portation, shopping, and cultural attractions. The universityalso sees the upscale property and its urban setting providing asignificant competitive advantage in attracting new students.

The Capitol Cove complex in Providence, R.I. was repositioned, changing

from 96 private condos to Johnson & Wales University student housing.

22. COMMERCIAL PROPERTIESREPOSITIONED FOR UNIVERSITY USE

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Patrick Callahan, AIA, LEED AP, a principal with StudioGC,

Chicago, leads a group of interns from the University of Illinois

at Urbana-Champaign in the fi rm’s “Revit Boot Camp.” The

month-long workshop provided eight UIUC architecture students

with four hours of unpaid BIM training in the morning, followed

by four hours of paid studio work in the afternoon. “I thought I

knew Revit, but they really showed us how much it could do, how

robust it was,” said Caroline VanAcker, a junior from Palatine, Ill.

Front row, left to right: Kimberly Wiskup, VanAcker, Christiana

Symeonides, Fadi Salem, Daniel Martin. Back row: Maria Niko-

loski (obscured), Jacob Oostema. Not pictured: Kristina Collet.

As part of a companywide commitment to improve relation-ships with subcontractors, Farmington, Conn.-based KBE Building Corp. (formerly Konover Construction) developed a custom online resource center that provides 24-hour, real-time access to payment status, insurance information, compliance forms, and project details for subcontractors and KBE staff.

“Subs were frustrated with the length of time to get paid, and would frequently call for payment status and other infor-mation,” says John Patterson, information architect with KBE and developer of the online resource center. He says KBE staff spent hours on the phone daily answering calls, returning calls, and fulfi lling requests from subs, costing the company thousands of dollars a month in personnel costs.

After launching the resource center in late 2006, the company saw an immediate 75% reduction in phone calls, in addition to fewer faxes and mailings. Patterson estimates a productivity gain of 25%, saving the company $100,000 annually.

26. KEEP YOUR SUBCONTRACTORS HAPPYAND SAVE BIG BUCKS

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New York is not particularly known for its green roofs, buttwo recent projects may put the Big Apple on the map.

In spring 2010, the Lincoln Center for the Perform-ing Arts will debut one of the nation’s first fully walkablegreen roofs. Located across from the Juilliard School inLincoln Center’s North Plaza, Illumination Lawn will consistof a glass-walled restaurant topped with a 10,000-sf, slopedvegetated roof that will double as a campus lawn for studentsand the public.

The sloped green roof will add some much-needed softness

to the hardscape that dominates Lincoln Center. “It will bea dynamic, engaging kind of space that people hopefully willwant to run up on, play Frisbee, or relax,” says Heidi Blau,AIA, LEED, partner with FXFOWLE Architects, which iscollaborating with Diller Scofidio + Renfro on the LincolnCenter redevelopment.

To support the weight and handle the wear and tear fromconstant foot traffic, the design team specified a beefed-upversion of a typical green roof system. A six-inch-thick com-posite poured-concrete/metal-deck structural slab rated for100-pound live loads will support the 14-inch-thick vegetatedroof. The slab will be supported on nine steel columns withfive girders and 45 beams situated to create the saddle-like“hypar” roof shape.

Four miles downtown, in Manhattan’s Tribecaneighborhood, a new 950,000-sf mixed-use condo towerdesigned by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill features whatcan only be described as a miniature urban forest atopthe building’s five-story podium. SOM teamed with local

27. NEXT-GENERATION GREEN ROOFS SPROUT UP IN NEW YORK

Lincoln Center’s walkable green roof is scheduled to debut next spring. The

roof, in the form of a hyperbolic paraboloid, will reach a full height of 11

feet from the plaza level and 23 feet from the sidewalk level; it will extend

down to the plaza on the south end, providing access for pedestrians. The

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landscape architect Thomas Balsley Associates to developthe intensive green roof, which is composed of 101 Austrianpines—some reaching 35 feet in height—planted in a soilbed up to 42 inches deep.

The entire green roof system—which includes a 12- to16-inch-thick concrete slab topped with a 2 mm waterproofmembrane, a root barrier, four inches of rigid insulation,a three-inch-thick drainage panel, geotextile fabric, plant-ing soil, and three inches of mulch—extends six feet deep incertain areas—a depth that has been proven to be sufficientin urban settings and broad planting areas, says ThomasBalsley. He estimates that the trees will eventually reach 50feet in height.

All residents of the 31-story 101 Warren St. condo towerhave access to the rooftop pine forest, and many ultra-lux unitsoverlook the trees. The building’s developer, Edward Minskoff,was willing to take on the extra cost of the urban forest becauseof the unique selling point it offered to prospective condo buy-ers. It also gave tenants some much-needed green space.

“The notion of a garden in the sky is very appropriate tothe urban condition in New York, where the ground planeis precious and, therefore, the opportunities for semi-publicspace is explored in the third dimension,” says Mustafa K.Abadan, FAIA, SOM partner in charge on the project.


High-end condos at the 101 Warren St. mixed-use development in New

York overlook a rooftop urban forest, complete with 101 pine trees.

28. NEW LEED RETAIL PROGRAMS SPEED UPCERTIFICATIONThe U.S. Green Building Council’s stated goal of reaching100,000 LEED-certified buildings by 2010 will require thousandsof new commercial buildings certified in the next six months. Thebuilding type that goes up fastest in the largest numbers is retailcommercial buildings. Retail buildings have been LEED regis-tered as prototypes since 2005, but LEED for Retail CommercialInteriors and LEED for Retail New Construction, now open formember ballot, would allow much more flexible certification.

The USGBC is also publishing a LEED for Retail Best Prac-tices manual, to illustrate the strategies used by companies in theLEED for Retail pilot. Any green feature that isn’t repeatable fora large number of stores is meaningless in retail, so best practicesare even more important than in other building types. Some ofthe companies participating include Office Depot (LEED Silverin its Austin, Texas, store with six other similar stores), McDon-ald’s (several LEED-certified restaurants), and Chipotle (theworld’s first LEED Platinum, in Gurnee, Ill.).

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One of the biggest complaints among K-12 school facilitymanagers is the conflict that arises when teachers and studentsopen the windows during not-so-ideal climate conditions. In-troducing outside air into a conditioned building can decreasethe mechanical system’s efficiency if the outdoor climateconditions increase heating or cooling demands already beingmade on the mechanical system.

Since most K-12 school districts don’t have the budget forhigh-end automated climate controls, communication andeducation are often the only tools facility managers have toprevent occupants from opening the windows during less-than-optimal weather conditions.

To help some of its K-12 school clients minimize energycosts, NAC|Architecture has implemented a simple, inex-pensive notification system made up of red and green lightslocated in the corridors. When the green lights are on, thewindows can be opened to help cool the classroom spaces.When the red lights are on, all windows should remain shut,

as outdoor air willinhibit the mechan-ical system’s abilityto properly condi-tion the building.

“This systemis an economicalapproach to theage-old quandaryregarding operablewindows,” saysDana L. Harbaugh,AIA, LEED, prin-cipal architect withNAC|Architecture,who developed the system. “It asks building users to facilitateenvironmental stewardship on a daily basis, raising awarenessof their impact on energy usage.”

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29. NOTIFICATION SYSTEM GIVES TEACHERSTHE GREEN LIGHT TO OPEN THE WINDOWS

When the green light is on (circled above),

building occupants know it’s okay to open the

windows because outdoor air will moderate the

building’s mechanical system performance.

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DIRECTORY

Page Circleno. no.

Advance Lifts Inc. 43 26

AISC C2 1

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Amvic Building System 17 11

Autodesk C4 —

Belden Brick Co. C3 25

Bluebeam Software 37 20

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Kullman Buildings Corp. 39 21

Maple Flooring Manufacturers Assn. 45 22

NanaWall Systems Inc. 35 19

New Millennium Building Systems 11 8

Owens Corning 18-19 12,13

Perfect Polish Inc. 49 24

Schuler Shook 10 7

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Building with Brick and Masonry Supplement

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BUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION (ISSN 0007-3407, Vol.50, No. 8, GST#123397457) is published monthly by ReedBusiness Information, 8878 S. Barrons Blvd., Highlands Ranch,CO 80129-2345. Reed Business Information, a division of ReedElsevier Inc., is located at 360 Park Avenue South, New York,NY 10010. John Poulin, Chief Executive Officer; Jeff DeBalko,President of Business Media, Chief Internet Officer. BUILDINGDESIGN+CONSTRUCTION copyright 2009 by Reed Elsevier Inc.All rights reserved. BUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION is aregistered trademark of Reed Elsevier Properties Inc. used underlicense. Periodicals postage paid at Littleton, CO 80126 andadditional mailing offices. Circulation records are maintained atReed Business Information, 8878 S. Barrons Blvd., HighlandsRanch, CO 80129-2345. Phone: (303) 470-4445, fax: (303)470-4280. Periodicals postage paid at Littleton, CO 80126 and atadditional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes toBUILDING DESIGN+CONSTRUCTION, P.O. Box 7500, HighlandsRanch, CO 80163-7500. Please address all subscription mail toBuilding Design+Construction, 8878 S. Barrons Blvd., HighlandsRanch, CO 80129-2345., e-mail: [email protected] for nonqualified subscriptions, USA, $145.99; Canada,189.99 (includes 7% GST, GST#123397457); Mexico $189.99;all other countries, $279.99. Single copies of regular issuesare available for $10.00; July issue, $39.95. Reed BusinessInformation does not assume and hereby disclaims any liabilityto any person for any loss or damage caused by errors or omis-sions in the material contained herein, regardless of whethersuch errors result from negligence, accident or any other causewhatsoever. Publications Agreement #40685520, Return unde-liverable Canadian addresses to: RCS International, Box 697STN A, Windsor Ontario N9A 6N4.E-mail: [email protected] and printed in the U.S.A.

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Howard W. Ashcraft, Jr., is a Fellow of the AmericanCollege of Construction Lawyers, an honorary member of the AIA California Council, and a mem-ber of the Integrated Project Delivery task force. He serves on the American Arbitration Associa-tion panel for Large and Complex Construction Cases for California and Nevada and on the LegalCounsel Forum of the American Council of Engineering Companies, and has been admitted to thebar of the U.S. Supreme Court. He holds a bachelor’s degree from Stanford and a JD degree fromBoalt Hall at UC Berkeley.

‘IPD is light years ahead of traditional delivery’BD+C: Is IPD the answer to aligning incentives with proj-ect success?Howard Ashcraft: It’s a quantum improvement over traditionaldelivery processes. You want to align people down to the individualholding the hammer. IPD doesn’t go down to that level, but it’s lightyears ahead of the traditional delivery process.

BD+C: You wrote the IPD contracts on Autodesk’s office proj-ects. What efficiency gains did you see on those projects?HA: In the San Francisco project, the RFI turnaround averaged wellunder an hour because of this discussion. It was in the realm of 20minutes with instant responses that allowed people to move forwardmuch more swiftly. In Waltham, Mass., final project managementdecisions were made at a low level and that allowed them to movethe project forward in really tough times. There were tight sched-ules on both projects, but they met them. In both situations thearchitects began to understand how the contractors needed theirinformation to develop costing information. They started to visuallydraw for the contractor, which saved time in the erection process.

BD+C: Can the IPD process work without a committed owner?HA: No. It is designed to have an owner who is intimately involvedwith the project. If you go back to Construction Industry Institutestudies, most will indicate that the owner is the biggest factor inproject success. Getting an owner who is active is a major thing, forIPD but also for delivering a better project overall.

BD+C: Is the U.S. legal system ready for IPD and BIM?HA: The contracts are still evolving. We need to get the contractsoptimized for use in BIM and IPD, and that will take care of thelegal structure. There are some subsidiary issues having to do withprofessional licensing, third-party liability, and insurance that havenot yet been nailed down, but I don’t think those are huge impedi-ments to adoption of IPD. The bigger impediment is that peoplehave been used to doing things, in terms of contractual relation-ships, a given way for a long time. They have to unlearn a lot.

BD+C: Do architects and engineers need to “own” theirrisk more often?

HA: The needle has swung too far in the direction of insulatingoneself from liability and separating oneself from the other partiesin the construction process. That really has not been a success-ful strategy. The needle needs to swing more toward acceptingresponsibility for the entire process and making sure that the badevents—cost overruns, failures, and the like—don’t occur.

BD+C: Are you satisfied with how the AIA and the AGC areaddressing BIM and IPD in their new contract documents?HA: No. I’m very pleased that they’ve issued the contract docu-ments, but I don’t think the current documents are 100% thereyet. They’ve validated the concept of IPD, but we need to keepmaking the documents better.

BD+C: Is it good for government agencies and states torequire BIM?HA: Yes. Requiring BIM will get a lot more people involved in some-thing they ought to be involved in. The difficulty is it’s very hard tocome up with a blanket specification for BIM that’s applicable toall projects. You run the risk of being too generic and not requir-ing enough detail, or requiring detail you don’t need. The GSA andthe Army Corps of Engineers have struggled with that. But there’sno doubt in my mind that few projects of any complexity can’t bedelivered better on a BIM platform.

BD+C: Will all projects eventually be delivered electronically?HA: All projects of any complexity. There are some people out therestill sketching with a pencil, but not many. Even if you only use BIMto catch the low-hanging fruit like conflict resolution, it pays for itself.

BD+C: How important is joint decision making?HA: There are two issues: communication and decision making.Increasing communication is important to get information directlyflowing in both directions. Decision making takes it to a whole dif-ferent level, because in IPD we’re asking people to assume certainrisks: scheduling costs, quality, etc. It’s difficult to do that withoutgiving people control over that risk, and that means joint decisionmaking. We’ve had subcontractors say, “Since everyone was askingmy opinion, I really wanted to see this project succeed.” BD+C

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WANT MORE FROM AUTOCAD LT® SOFTWARE?

To fi nd out more about the latest version of

AutoCAD LT and get details on the rebate,

call 888-561-4239 or visit www.autodesk.com/cdwoff er

Please refer to the complete list of eligible products, terms, and conditions at www.autodesk.com/cdwrebate.

* The $400 Autodesk AutoCAD LT Legacy Rebate promotion is only available to customers who own existing AutoCAD LT licenses version 2000, 2000i, 2002, 2004, 2005 and 2006. Rebate offervalid from May 1, 2009 to August 31, 2009. The $400 Legacy rebate is only available on AutoCAD LT purchased through CDW.Upgrades, crossgrades, competitive trade-ups, education, StrategicAccounts and government purchases do not qualify. Customer must provide one valid serial number of the qualifying AutoCAD LT product for each AutoCAD LT 2010 product license purchased.Only commercial customers may participate. U.S. Government (Federal/State/Local) accounts purchasing via DLT or directly from Autodesk, Strategic Accounts, Canadian Federal Governmentaccounts purchasing via DISO direct with Autodesk and Education customers are not eligible to participate in this Rebate promotion. This rebate offer is subject to terms and conditions available at

appear in this document.

The $200 AutoCAD LT new customer rebate is valid from May 15, 2009 through August 31, 2009. The $200 rebate is only available on AutoCAD LT 2010 purchased through CDW. The AutoCADLT new customer rebate cannot be combined with the AutoCAD LT Legacy rebate and is not valid with, and cannot be combined with any other Autodesk offers, special pricing or other offers unless

Government (Federal/State/Local) accounts purchasing via DLT or directly from Autodesk, Strategic Accounts, Canadian Federal Government accounts purchasing via DISO direct with Autodesk andEducation customers are not eligible to participate in this Rebate promotion.

Autodesk reserves the right to cancel, suspend for modify part of this entire promotion at any time without notice, for any reason in its sole discretion.

© Copyright 2009 Autodesk, Inc. All rights reserved. Legal Notices & Trademarks Privacy Policy

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