bt631-2-structure_function_relationship
TRANSCRIPT
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Structure Function Relationship
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There are limited folds, but different structures and hence functions
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The shape or structure of a protein offers clues about the role it plays in the body.
The shape of a protein—although much morecomplicated than the shape of a commonobject—teaches us about that protein’s role inthe body.
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A protein called alpha-keratin forms
your hair and fingernails and also is the
major component of feathers, wools,
claws, scales, horns, and hooves.
The hemoglobin proteins carries oxygen
in your blood to every part of your
body.
Muscle proteins called actin and myosin
enable all muscular movement – from
blinking to breathing to rollerblading.
Ion channel proteins control brain
signaling by allowing small molecules
into and out of nerve cells.
Enzymes in your saliva, stomach, and
small intestine are proteins that help you
digest food.
Huge clusters of proteins form
molecular machines that do your cell’s
heavy work, such as copying genes
during cell division and making new
proteins.
Receptor proteins stud the outside of
your cells and transmit signals to
partner proteins on the inside of the
cells.
Antibodies are proteins that help defend
your body against foreign invaders,
such as bacteria and viruses.
Proteins are worker molecules that are necessary for virtually every activity in your body.
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Proteins in all shapes and sizes
Luciferase
Amylase
Reverse transcriptase
DNA polymerase III
Antibody
Collagen
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Insulin, first protein sequence to be determined (Frederick Sanger got Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1958).
Dorothy Hodgkin determined its structure in 1969.
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Myoglobin, first protein structure to be determined
(John Kendrew received Nobel Prize in Chemistry,
1962).
Hemoglobin, (Max Perutz received Nobel Prize in
Chemistry, 1962).
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1964
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Nobel Prize in Medicine, 1962
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Roderick MacKinnon received Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2003
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RNA Polymerase IINobel Prize in Chemistry, 2006
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2009
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012
Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka
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Small errors in proteins can cause disease
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C-terminal Src Kinase
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Active and inactive Arrestins
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