bt & dt-bt maize commercialization · 2018. 1. 19. · overview of wema project: bt & dt-bt...
TRANSCRIPT
Overview of WEMA Project:
Bt & DT-Bt Maize Commercialization
Sylvester O. Oikeh
WEMA Project Manager, AATF
Presentation at 1st African Biosafety Leadership Summit
15 – 16 August 2016, Nairobi, Kenya
Outline
Background on WEMA project
WEMA partnership structure
WEMA product options for farmers
Brief Updates on WEMA conventional products
Updates on WEMA transgenic products
Conclusion
• A public-private partnership to develop & deploy
royalty-free African drought-tolerant and insect-
pest protected white maize varieties to farmers
• Aim: Increase yield stability, and protect and
promote farmers’ investment in adopting best
management practices (BMPs)
• Under moderate drought, WEMA maize
varieties expected to increase yields by 20–
35% over Year 2008 varieties
Water Efficient Maize for Africa
(WEMA Project)
Relevance of Drought-Tolerant
Technology to African Agriculture
• Frequent droughts are a major challenge to maize production in Kenya
• Maize is the most widely grown staple crop in Africa & main food source for >300 million people
• Maize consumption in KE: 103 kg/ yr/ person – major food security crop
Recorded droughts between 1971 and 2000, and the number of people affected
Impact of Insect-pests on Maize
Stem-borer attack on drought-tolerant maize hybrid
Impact of Stem-borers in Kenya
• Stem-borers: spotted stem-borer (Chilo partellus)
and African stem-borer (Busseola fusca) are a
major pest of maize in Africa
• In Kenya, stem-borers reduce maize production
by a yearly average of 13% or 400,000 tons;
equivalent to normal yearly maize import into KE
• Annual damage on maize by stem-borers in
KE is valued at > USD 90 million ≡ KSH 9.1
billion (DeGroote 2011)
Bt Technology: Tested Solution for Stem-borer Control
Bt technology has been used globally to control
stem-borers with the following benefits:
• Increase in grain yield through better pest-control
• Improvement in grain quality with lower levels of
mycotoxins (poisons) compared with non-Bt maize
• Improved health and safety of farmworkers due to
reduction in insecticides applications and exposure
• Reduced negative environmental impacts from
limited use of insecticides
AATF
African institution mandated to access, develop, & deliver appropriate agricultural technologies to smallholder African farmers royalty-free
Monsanto
World leader in gene
discovery
Donated:
• 3 transgenes
• ~700 global
germplasm royalty-
free
CIMMYT
World leader for
breeding maize for
African agro-ecological
zones
WEMA Partnership Structure
NARS • Expertise in field trials • Breeding/Test DT maize • Adapted checks • Capacity building opportunities
WEMA
KALRO; NARO; ARC;
COSTECH; & IIAM
WEMA Product Options for Farmers
Conventional Drought Tolerant (CDT) Hybrids –
from 2013 in Kenya
CDT + Insect-pest protected (Bt) Hybrids –
from 2017 (?)
CDT + Transgenic Bt + DT Stacked Hybrids –
from 2017 in RSA & KE (?)
(Hybrids and Parental lines through sub-
licensing to seed companies)
Updates on WEMA Conventional
Products
Brief Progress:
Conventional Products • 74 DroughtTEGO® hybrids released across five
WEMA countries since 2013
• 46 hybrids released in KE by KALRO within 4
years
• DroughtTEGO® hybrids have been commercialized in
19 major maize growing counties in Kenya
• Yield advantage of over 4 tons of commercial
WE1101 DroughtTEGO® compared with local check
in Kakamega County in 2014/2015season
http://wema.aatf-africa.org/stewardship/products-commercialisation-and-
licensing-program
DroughtTEGO ® Maize Growing Counties in KE
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Com. Check Local check WE1101 WE2101 WE2104 WE2106 WE2107 WE2108 WE2109 WE2110 WE2111
Me
an Y
ield
-t/h
a
Variety
Performance of WEMA Hybrids Across 26 Farm
Households, Kakamega, 2014/2015
Updates on WEMA Transgenic Products
(GMO)
Brief Progress: GMO Studies Year Accomplishments
2010 First Confined Field Trial (CFT) application – KALRO & NARO as PIs in
collaboration with AATF, CIMMYT & Monsanto
2014 6 CFTs done at Kiboko with very promising results on performance of
drought tolerance (DT) gene – No cases of non-compliance!
2011 Bt-gene introduced into WEMA for insect-pest protection (insurance
for DT hybrids)
2014 2 – 3 CFTs done at KE & UG on Bt-hybrids with outstanding results in
protecting maize against stem-borers - No cases of non-compliance!
2015 General Release of DT trait in RSA & planting stacked Bt & DT hybrids
2016 • General release approval of Bt-maize by NBA with conditions to
present EIA Project Report to NEMA & conduct of NPTs by KEPHIS
• Planting of stacked Bt & DT hybrids: KE (Kiboko and Kitale) & UG
(Namulonge & Kasese), 2016A
• 5 MON89034 Bt Hybrids available to seed companies in RSA
Impact of Bt-maize in Stem-borer Control
NON-Bt Maize Bt Maize
Summary of Combined Uganda and Kenya
MON810 CFT, Five Season Data
Bt gene had positive and significant effect on yield across
varieties and trials. Yield ‘increase’ was 52% on average
Bt gene significantly reduced numbers of exit holes and tunnel
length across varieties and trials
0
1
2
3
4
Pos Mean Neg mean
Nu
mb
er
of E
xit H
ole
s
-93%
* 0
2
4
6
8
10
Pos Mean Neg mean
Yie
ld [t/
ha
] * 52%
0
1
2
3
4
5
Pos Mean Neg mean
Tu
nn
el L
en
gth
[cm
]
*
-95%
Stem-borer Damage in Maize
Leaf Damage
Stem tunnelling
Exit Holes
MON89034 Bt Hybrids Currently Available
for Licensing in RSA, Aug 2016
Pedigree
Hybrid Code Female Male
WE6206B CML442 WMB4105-NYK-T1B1
WE6207B WMC5516 WMA3305-NYK-T1C1
WE6208B WMA3306-NYK-T1B1 WMB4810
WE6209B WMA2001 WMB4104-NYK-T1A2
WE6210B WMC5516 WMB4105-NYK-T1B1
Transgenic DT Hybrids From CFTs
34 hybrids (with & without
transgene) were evaluated for 3+
years across 5 sites in 3 countries
5 traited (with transgene) hybrids
gave 8 – 14% greater yield than the
non-traited versions
Transgenic Drought Tolerant Maize Hybrid in Confined Field Trials
Moderate-drought Stress
CFT Site, Hopetown, South Africa
Well-watered Condition
Preliminary Data on Control of Stem-borers by Bt
(Stacked DT + Bt Maize CFT, 2016)
Stacked DT-Bt Maize at CFT Kitali, July 2016
Impact of Bt on Busseola Control
Non-Bt maize attacked by stem-borers Bt maize protected from stem-borers
Ownership of WEMA Products
• Parental germplasm belong to the
respective institutions (NARS, CIMMYT, or
Monsanto) depending who developed and
donated to WEMA project for use in
developing the respective WEMA hybrids
• Seed company will be sub-licensed
parental lines with Bt or DT + Bt traits
through AATF to produce their own hybrids
for sale to farmers as soon as commercial
release approval of traits is received
CONCLUSION
WEMA Project has implemented its activities
in Kenya & other countries in compliance with
regulations set by national regulatory
agencies
AATF and partners strongly desire that
Kenyan farmers benefit from WEMA Bt maize
hybrids from 2017; and look forward to
receiving timely, License from NEMA to carry
out NPTs by KEPHIS during short-rains from
August 2016
Acknowledgements
NBA, Kenya
WEMA Project Investors:
• Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
• Howard G. Buffett Foundation
• USAID