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CHAPTER 1

COMPANY PROFILE

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Mission

1.3 Vision 2012

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INTRODUCTION

On October 1, 2000 the Department of Telecom Operations,

Government of India became a corporation and was christened

Bharat Sanchar Enigma Limited (BSNL). Today, BSNL is the No. 1

Telecommunications Company and the largest Public Sector

Undertaking of India with authorized share capital of $ 3600 million

and net worth of $ 13.85 billion. It has a network of over 45 million

lines covering 5000 towns with over 35 million telephone

connections. With latest digital switching technology like OCB,EWSD, AXE-10, FETEX, NEC etc. and widespread transmission

network including SDH system up to 2.5 GBPS, DWDM system up

to 80 GBPS, web telephony, DIAS, VPN, Broadband and more

than 400,000 data customers , BSNL continues to serve this great

nation . Its responsibilities include improvement of the already

impeccable quality of telecom services, expansion of telecom

network, introduction of new telecom services in all villages and

instilling confidence among its customers.

BSNL has managed to shoulder

these responsibilities remarkably and deftly. Today with over 45

million line capacity, 99.9% of its exchanges digital, nation wide

Network management & surveillance system (NMSS) to control

telecom traffic and over 4,00,000 route kms of OFC network,Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd is a name to reckon with in the world of

connectivity. Along with its vast customer base, BSNL's financial

and asset bases too are vast and strong. Consider the figures, as

they speak volumes on BSNLs standing:

The telephone infrastructure alone is worth about Rs. 1,00,000 crore

(US $ 21.2 billion)

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Turnover of Rs. 25,000 crore (US $ 5.2 billion)

Add to which, BSNL's nationwide coverage and reach,

comprehensive range of telecom services and a penchant for

excellence, and you have the ingredients for restructuring India for

a bright future.

MISSION

To provide world class Telecom services on demand using state-

of-the-art technology for our valued customers.

VISION

That BSNL becomes the largest telecom company in South East

Asia with most modern state of art technology offering world-class

service to its customers.

Give paramount care to its customer care.

To expand the services of the company in all areas throughFranchisees arrangement as well as alternate means.

To create focused business orientation by suitably bringing

synergy between the Marketing and Business Developments

activities towards meting customers requirement.

To focus concentration for communication for masses by

expanding the Services of PCOs, Internet DHABAS , SancharKioskos, PTIC, MCT, etc.

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To expand broadband, leased lines, cellular, WLL services with

state of the art technology.

CHAPTER 2

INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE

SERVICES

2.1 GPRS

2.2 BROADBAND

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GPRS

Introduction.Existing GPRS Architecture.GPRS-end user benefits.GPRS Network.What BSNL offers?

Subscriber experience.

Changing

Networks

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End-user view.

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INTRODUTION

Advancements in wireless technologies and a growing demand for

mobility when using voice and non-voice telecommunication services

has resulted in a need for more robust wireless data connections over

digital cellular networks. To meet this need, the telecommunications

industry is adopting a new generation of wireless technology called Third

Generation (3G) mobile integrated voice and data services. 3G

technologies promise significant improvements in data throughput, which

in turn will enable the use of enhanced functionality on mobile devices

such as uninhibited web surfing using a standard Internet browser, real-time access to personal e-mail, and mapping and navigation services.

Telecommunications companies are rapidly working towards full

implementation of 3G services, but are taking intermediary steps to

achieve this. One such proof-of-concept technology, which paves the

way for 3G services, is General Packet Radio System (GPRS). GPRS is

a non-voice enhanced service that supports IP (Internet Protocol) data

transmission over mobile telephone networks. It was specifically

developed to support transmission of intermittent and busty datatransfers as well as occasional transmission of large volumes of data.

As wireless carriers begin to rollout GPRS networks or continue

with GPRS network sustains efforts, they must do so with security in

mind. Operators must employ adequate security measures to prevent

would be attackers from compromising network availability, data integrity,

and information confidentiality. The standards for GPRS incorporateauthentication and encryption technologies however, sole reliance on

these security standards is insufficient. Companies must think in terms

of end-to-end security so that the risk of network infiltration by an

unauthorized party is kept to a minimum from all access points to the

GPRS network. This paper examines the technology and infrastructure

that supports GPRS in a telecommunications environment, and looks at

GPRS security consideration including GPRS network security and

potential security threats. Following along the path of media technology

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convergence, the telecommunications industry is heavily investing in

technologies that will provide increased and improved mobile media

services. The Internet and Internet Protocol (IP) technologies and mobile

communications are being integrated into services and mobile devices

offered by telecommunication carriers. All these new or enhanced

services and technologies lead to one goal, Third Generation (3G)

mobile Internet technology (integrated voice and data services). In order

for telecommunication companies to achieve this, they must first

implement intermediary technologies towards true 3G such as General

Packet Radio System (GPRS) and Enhanced Data Rates for GSM

(Global System for Mobile Communications) Evolution (EDGE) non-

voice services. GPRS, a wireless data solution that provides actualpacket radio access for GSM digital cellular networks is the focus of this

paper. This paper examines the technology and infrastructure that

supports GPRS in a telecommunications environment, and looks at

GPRS security consideration including GPRS network security and

potential security threats.

GENERAL PACKET RADIO SERVICE (GPRS)----

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new non voice value

added service that allows information to be sent and received across a

mobile telephone network. It supplements today's Circuit Switched Dataand Short Message Service. In the past decade, as advancements in

mobile technology persisted, a greater demand arose for

telecommunication companies to provide mobile services in addition to

traditional mobile voice services. As a result, one digital data delivery

service called Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) was developed

allowing users to move about freely from their offices and homes without

sacrificing the ability and functionality to check e-mail, stock quotes and

weather reports with the press of a button. CDPD, which is still in use

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today, overlays existing circuit switching cellular networks, but only

provides raw data transmission rates close to 19.2 kilobits per second

(Kbps). Such low transmission speeds limit the types of applications that

can be used with mobile devices, thus excluding many desirable

functions such as graphical web browsing or streaming video. In other

words, such low data transmission speeds do not allow for mobile multi-

media services. Because of these pitfalls, the telecommunications

industry turned towards an effort to bring Third Generation mobile

Internet technology to reality through mobile data delivery solutions such

as General Packet Radio System.

Sometimes called 2.5G technology, General Packet Radio System,

standardized by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute

(ETSI), is the next logical step towards true 3G integrated voice and data

services. GPRS is a non-voice enhanced service that supports

transmission over mobile telephone networks. It was specifically

developed to support transmission of intermittent and bursty data

transfers as well as occasional transmission of large volumes of data.

This paper discusses GPRS implemented on GSM digital cellularnetworks. Below are the main reasons why GPRS is considered the

essential step to true 3G services:

Theoretical maximum transmission speeds up to 171.2 kbps when all

eight GSM timeslots are utilized.

GPRS utilizes packet based air interfaces on existing circuit switchingGSM networks. Packet based air interfaces allow for packet based data

services.

GPRS provides an always on connection for mobile

data transmission termed immediacy. GPRS only

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uses designated GSM timeslots when transmitting data,

thus reserving the radio resources only when there is

data to send or receive.

GPRS opens the door to new and more robust

applications that traditional circuit switched data

transmission speed could not support.

GPRS is an intermediary proof-of-concept step

towards 3G technologies due to its increased through

output capability, however, not quite broadband.

EXISTING GPRS ARCHITECTURE

Implementing GPRS non-voice services in an existing GSM network

does not require a significant investment. GPRS utilizes the existing

cellular network infrastructure and adds a new IP backbone network,

which includes the addition of two new network nodes. The new nodesare the Gateway GPRS Service Node (GGSN) and the Serving GPRS

Service Node (SGSN). Existing network components such as the Base

Transceiver Subsystem (BTS) and the Base Station Controller (BSC)

require software upgrades to support the GPRS network. An additional

piece of hardware called a Packet Control Unit (PCU) must be installed

on the BSC to manage channel and radio link control and provide the

standard interface to the SGSN.

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The primary components of a GSM and

GPRS network are displayed in the following diagram:

GPRS Network Arc hitecture

In the above diagram, a Mobile Station represents

a wireless device such as a mobile phone. Air Interfaces exist between

the Mobile Station and the BTS. Each BTS connects to a BSC. The BSC

manages the air traffic by separating voice and data traffic. Circuit-

switched voice traffic is directed to the Mobile Switching Center (MSC)

and packet-data traffic is directed to the SGSN.

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GPRS End-User Benefits

o Fast access time

o Higher speeds

o Global access

o Always connected always online

o Cost efficient

o Convenient

GPRS NETWORKSMS-G/IW MSC

AUC

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Why GPRS land ?-

1-) Generate an interest and awareness of mobile internet services.

2-) To present a complete infotainment package.

3-) Partnership and relationship with 3rd parties.

4-) To increase Mobile Internet services revenue.

5-) To improve the customer loyality.

Response to GPRS land ?-

what BSNL offers

A ) Access to internet and corporate. All subscribers can access internet using WAP phones for Pcs

Corporate subscriber can access intranet using secure connection.

B ) MMS services.

Subscriber can receive or send MMS messages.

o Phone to phone.o Phone to e-mail.

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o E-Mail to phone

C) Premium content and information from partner.

Tie up to content partners to provide premium contents.

o Games.

o Business and stock information.

o Music / video.

o Weather.

o News

o Travel information.

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Broadband

Introduction

Broadband v/s Internet dialup connection.

Cable Broadband.

Telephone Company Broadband Digital

Subscribers Lines (DSL). Wireless technologies: Fixed wireless and

satellite.

Benefits of broadband. Demand for Broadband access services.

Conclusion.

INTRODUCTION

Broadband is the marriage of telecommunications and

cable technologies. As it is rightly said, Necessity is the mother of

invention, the last decade saw tremendous advancements in the arena

Information

Superhighwa

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to everything. As the Internet market continues to explode, demand for

greater bandwidth and faster connection.

Speeds have led to several technological

approaches to provide broadband access to all consumers. Ubiquitous

broadband access to the Internet is an essential ingredient needed to

gain the most out of what the Internet has to offer. Any operator that fails

to announce and implement a broadband strategy, including providers

serving rural communities, will suffer consumer defections and a decline

in retention rates for both business and residential customers.

Broadband access is not only about providing the pipes to carry the

traffic on the Internet but also about how the traffic will be carried.

Broadband is usually used to reference a typeof Internet connection. Simply put, broadband connection is one that

allows for extremely high speeds, and supports data, voice, and

sometimes even video information. It is considered broad because

multiple kinds of

information can travel across the wire, orband. High speed (or data rate)

means that in addition to surfing the web without annoying delays, youwill also be able to enjoy multimedia-rich applications such as streaming

audio and videoconferencing. Broadband connections are typically

always-on, so you don't have to waste time dialing in to a service

provider- as soon as the computer Connected to the service is turned on,

you can start surfing.

Broadband vs. Dial up Internet Connection

Parents across the nation have already been introduced to broadband

Internet connections such as cable or DSL (Digital Subscriber Lines) by

their children, who want to have a faster, higher-quality connection.

Whatever a reason for considering purchasing a broadband connection,

it is very usefuland importantto know the differences between

broadband and dialup Internet connections and the advantages and

disadvantages between each of them before making a decision to go

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high-speed. The fundamental difference between dialup and broadband

Internet connections is the manner in which the connection is made from

your PC to the Internet. A dialup service connects to the Internet through

your phone line. The modem in your PC calls an Internet Service

Provider (ISP) and connects with a maximum speed of 56,000 bytes per

second, better known as a 56K speed connection. Each time your PC

dials into the ISP, it is assigned an Internet Protocol (IP) address, which

you can think of as an Internet address. A different, unique IP address

is assigned at the beginning of each visit so that the ISP can recognize

your PC and make sure you can send and receive email, surf the

Internet, and so on; basically, this address lets your ISP know where to

send the information you are requesting through your modem. In termsof hackers, in order for someone to gain access to your computer, it

would be necessary for them to know your IP to successfully do so. The

fact that your IP address constantly changes essentially makes your

Internet connection more secure.

In contrast, when you connect to the Internet via a broadband

Internet connection, the process is slightly different. Once your PC is

connected to the ISP through a cable or DSL connection, it remains

connecteduntil the cable box or DSL line is disconnected or physicallyunplugged. A DSL connection runs through unused wires in your

existing phone line without disruption and can translate data at 5 million

bytes per second, or 5Mbps. Broadband services are often referred to as

always on services because it is not necessary to make a setup call to

your ISP each time you wish to access the Internet; this means that

once you are assigned an IP address, you keep it until you request it to

be changed. Well learn how to do this in a later newsletter. Connection

speed and price are two important considerations when choosingbetween dialup and broadband. Dialup connection speeds make it more

difficult to view certain types of media, such as video, and it can take

much longer to download and open email attachments, play online

games, and so on. Although the slower connection speed is a

disadvantage for dialup users, there are also a few advantages to using

this type of connection, which include lower monthly charges and a

higher level of security. The cost difference is obvious when comparing

the $20-30 per month subscription fee for dialup and the $50-60 per

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month subscription fee for most broadband services. In terms of security,

because the connection is not always on and because you are

assigned a different IP address each time, it is slightly more difficult to

be attacked over the Internet, although nothing is ever fool proof and

risks still do exist.

The advantages of a broadband

connection can sometimes outweigh some of the disadvantages. The

increased connection speed allows for ease in initial connection,

duration of connection, no additional phone charges that may apply in

dialing into an ISP, and variability of Internet use, such as an increase in

allowable file viewing size. However, if you do choose a broadband

connection, youll need to purchase a firewallwhich well learn moreabout laterto keep your computer invisible to the outside world. In the

ongoing debate of which is better dialup or broadband, there isnt really

a clearly correct answer. This question can only be answered by looking

at your needs and resources and comparing them to what each option

has to offer. If you use the Internet to check email, stock quotes, and

visit the occasional website, dialup will be sufficient. But if you frequently

download large media files, play games over the Internet, and view sites

that are high in image content then you may be more satisfied withbroadband service.

Cable Broadband

A ) Changing Architecture-

Cable industry architecture is in the middle of a

transformation from closed cable systems that feature one-waydelivery of analog television signals to two-way, interactive

broadband systems, involving a hybrid of traditional coaxial and

modern fiber optic technologies. These new networks enable the

cable industry to deliver a wide range of services, including digital

television, Internet access, and telephony. Historically, cable

networks were constructed to provide only traditional video

programming services that required only one-way transmission of

signals. Until recently, the traditional one-way cable system

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provided approximately 50 channels of Analog video. The

network was a full coaxial system designed with a centralized

head end and lines called trunks leading from the head end to

nodes placed in the residential neighborhoods. Distribution lines

emanated from these nodes which carried the signals through the

residential neighborhood. A coaxial wire called a drop line then

carried the service from the distribution line to the customers

television set. The Distribution and drop lines represent the cable

industry's "last mile" of plant into the consumer's home. A

traditional 350 MHz coaxial cable system included many amplifiers

to boost the signal along the way to subscribers homes.

B ) Hybrid Fiber Optical Coaxial Cable (HFC)-

Today, full coaxial systems are being replaced with hybrid

systems consisting of fiber-optic and coaxial lines. These cable

networks are also referred to as hybrid fiber-coaxial or HFC. The

HFC architecture replaces the previous coaxial trunk with a fiber-

optic trunk. The fiber terminates at the node, where the signal is

then carried over an upgraded high bandwidth coaxial cable to the

customer premises. HFC networks require fewer amplifiers andoffer improved reliability, increased capacity, and clearer signal

transmission, all of which facilitate two-way transmission.

Telephone company Broadband: Digital subscriber lines(DSL)

DSL, or Digital Subscriber Line, comes into

the home over phone lines, into the DSL modem. The end of the line

connects into your computer using an Ethernet Network Interface Card(NIC). The other end terminates at the phone company central office.

Consequently, setup of a DSL connection requires a technician to install

the line, which can then be used for voice and data traffic simultaneously.

This means that one will always have access to a direct, personal

connection. DSL technologies enable broadband services to be

delivered over the existing copper loops that extend into all households

and businesses that have a fixed telephone line, but the technology is

only effective when used over relatively short distances (approximately

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6km from the local exchange, subject to a line test). The distance

restriction on DSL coverage occurs, because the strength of the signal

gradually reduces due to electrical resistance in the cables. DSL

technologies generally offer users speeds ranging from 256 kbps to 10-

20 Mbps.

DSL technology upgrades the performance of the

standard twisted pair (the copper line connecting most homes and

businesses) to carry high capacity data transmission. The technology

expands the amount of frequency used over the copper line, whereby

the lines higher frequencies are used to transmit the data and the lower

frequencies are free to transmit voice or fax transmissions. Thus, DSL is

able to function on a line simultaneously with standard voice and faxservices and avoids the installation of a new separate line. Because the

technology works over the existing telephone plant, DSL is significantly

less expensive to deploy on a broad scale than other approaches, such

as new fiber or cable construction. In addition, the cost structure of DSL

enables providers to serve both residential and business customers

economically. DSL providers are not limited to one market segment (e.g.

business or residential) as are some other broadband access providers.

Despite the promise of DSL to deliver broadband access to businessesand consumers, there are several technical issues with regard to the

widespread implementation of DSL. One of the primary inhibitors is

signal attenuation, also known as the distance limitation. Attenuation

describes the dissipation of signal strength as it travels over the copper

line. DSL utilizes a higher frequency that is more susceptible to

attenuation than ordinary voice transmission. Consequently, the various

DSL technologies.

Detailed below have distance limitationsranging from 4,000 to 18,000 feet from the telephone companys central

office. These limitations may ease as technologies improve, but as a

practical matter, DSL is currently limited to locations within a three-mile

maximum loop from the central office.

Although there are several versions of

DSL service, there are two general categories, symmetrical and

asymmetrical . Symmetrical versions offer the same data rates upstream

and downstream and are best suited for business applications such as

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video-conferencing. Asymmetrical versions offer different data rates

upstream and downstream and are ideal for residential users who

receive a lot of data but do not originate or send much (e.g. Internet

surfers). One such version is called asymmetric digital subscriber line

(ADSL). As ADSL does not interfere with the basic voice service, the

user can simultaneously browse the Internet or watch a movie while

talking on the telephone. According to some reports, ADSL provides a

competitive advantage over cable modem Internet access in the

following areas:

o Simultaneous fast Internet and voice/fax capabilities

over a single telephone line.

o Data security over a dedicated point-to-point line

(from customer to local exchange carrier (LEC),

which is not available over a shared medium such as

HFC or cable modems.

o Dedicated bandwidth that guarantees performance

regardless of the number of users on the network. Inthe case of cable modems, where the bandwidth is

shared, the actual performance deteriorates as the

number of users on the network increases.

Wireless technologies: Fixed wireless and satellite

Satellite is commonly used to provide one-way higher bandwidth

capability ,(E.g. for television broadcasts). Provision of two-way higherbandwidth capability over satellite is not common. There are a number of

advantages to satellite technology in particular it is capable of reaching

remote rural areas where other types of provision may not be technically

feasible or economically viable. Twoway and one-way satellite access

is also available throughout the world, offering the potential to reach

those parts of the World outside of the reach of either ADSL or cable

modem services. Satellite also has the potential to provide backhaul for

community broadband providers.

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In the near to medium term, there will be various

companies offering local broadband access using a variety of wireless

technologies: fixed wireless and satellite. As with cable and telephone

(collectively wire line) companies, fixed wireless providers are using their

existing microwave networks to transmit high speed Internet services.

Unlike their wire line competitors, fixed wireless providers enjoy a few

competitive advantages. Because they avoid the high costs and delays

associated with laying fiber or upgrading cable networks, fixed wireless

companies can enter the market quickly and deliver broadband services

at relatively low costs. However, this technology also presents a number

of deployment challenges, most notably, the line-of-sight requirements

between the transmitter and receiving antenna. The presence ofobstacles, such as foliage, buildings, and even heavy rain, can hinder

reception. In addition, broadband service via satellite has been projected

for the early part of the millennium. With their unlimited coverage area,

satellite systems will offer broadband access to virtually any part of the

United States and may be the best method for serving remote regions

and locations where telecommunications infrastructures are of low

quality or non-existent. There are several satellite providers that are

constructing systems and plan to start offering two-way broadbandsatellite services by 2001. Despite the promise of these broadband

satellite systems, there are hurdles to deployment, including time to

market and technological complexity. Commercial availability of satellite

systems is at least two to three years away and, as a result, satellites

might lose potential customers to competing broadband providers who

currently offer high speed Internet access (e.g. cable and DSL).

In addition, the use of two-way satellite services for the mass consumermarket presents novel engineering and technology issues that still need

to be resolved. Once operational, however, these satellite systems could

directly compete against cable modem service, DSL, and fixed wireless

in the residential broadband industry.

3G

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While it did not participate in the 3G auction, BSNL paid the Indian

government Rs. 10,187 crores.

for 3G spectrum in all 20 circles it operates in. State-owned MTNL

provides 3G services in the other 2 circles - Delhi and Mumbai.Both

these state-owned operators were given a head start by the government

in the 3G space by allotting the required 3G spectrum, on the condition

that each will have to pay an amount which will be equivalent to the

highest bid in the respective service areas as and when the 3G auctions

take place.

3G Coverage ---

BSNL has the largest 3G network in India. Additionally, BSNL 3G

services usually cover not only the main town/city but also the adjoining

suburbs and rural areas as well..As of now BSNL has 3G services in 826

cities across India.

Benefits of Broadband

One can think of the Internet like electricity. Electricity started as a

replacement for gas for lighting houses electricity had the advantage of

being some-what less explosive. Once people had electricity for lighting

their houses, dozens of new appliances became available through the

years and people started using electricity for TV sets, radios, and

heating. Electricity companies had to increase the amount of power they

supplied to each house as a result. Similarly, Most of todays computers

connect to the Internet via the plain old telephone system. Broadband

supercharges that telephone network to provide more capacity, in the

same way that an electricity supply can be upgraded to meet the power

needs of the user. If you are a light electricity user, you need a small

electricity supply. Similarly, if you are a light Internet user, you probably

only need a narrow Internet connection (termed narrowband). But a

heavier Internet user needs a larger (or broader) supply of the Internet

(electricity) and consequently requires a broadband Internet service.

Broadband is just like supernatural power for a person using it. It has

loads of applications in every field. Thus some of the benefits associatedwith the broadband are written below:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahanagar_Telephone_Nigamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbaihttp://telecomtalk.info/bsnl-3g-services-now-in-826-cities-in-india/71336/http://telecomtalk.info/bsnl-3g-services-now-in-826-cities-in-india/71336/http://telecomtalk.info/bsnl-3g-services-now-in-826-cities-in-india/71336/http://telecomtalk.info/bsnl-3g-services-now-in-826-cities-in-india/71336/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahanagar_Telephone_Nigam

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o Speed

o Its always on

o Set the telephone line free

MMS

Introduction

MMS Architecture

Mobile MMS transfer

Multimedia Messaging Center (Heart

of MMS)

Multimedia Client Proxy (MMS for all)

Multimedia Processor (Good quality

message)

Multimedia Library (Handy Contents

on Demand)

Fulfilling

fundamental

Needs

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INTRODUCTION

Recently, Short Message Service (SMS) has proven to be a tremendous

success in many countries. Operators in these countries have often also

provided their subscribers with possibilities to personalize their mobile

phones with ringing tones and graphical icons which have proven

extremely popular. The growth in this area will serve as a valuable path

to new and interesting ways for using the mobile phone, in ways yet

unseen in the history of wireless communication. As users become

accustomed to the easy use of SMS, the opportunity to send multimedia

messages will mean new and easy ways for personal communication.

Along with this evolution it is important to realize that users will not careabout the new technologies they will be using; they will be interested in

applications and services. Multimedia Messaging applications can be

used for various purposes, which will deliver a broad range of user

benefits, from emotional sharing and fun to rational utility. Multimedia

Message Service (MMS) will be able to utilize picture messages,

electronic postcards, audio messages, instant images and video clips.

MMS does not require users to learn a new technology. It is a natural

consequence of the messaging evolution. Multimedia Messaging buildson the well-established SMS paradigm by adding new functionalities and

new content step by step, along with the introduction of new

technologies such as Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and General

Packet Radio Service (GPRS).

After SMS, the application migration path comprises

Picture Messaging and MMS. Wireless communication is rapidly

expanding from ears to eyes. In addition to wireless voice and text

transmission, visual content can be exchanged between mobile devices.SMS has already proven extremely successful, for instance, in the

Nordic countries and in many Asia Pacific countries. Teenagers in these

markets often send over 100 SMSs per month and even more. In

Finland, more than half of a teenagers mobile phone bill is made up of

charges for short messages. Multimedia messaging is, as its name

suggests, the ability to send messages comprising a combination of text,

sounds, images and video to MMS capable handsets. The transition

from Short Message Service (SMS) to Multimedia Messaging Service

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(MMS) is as important for mobile phones as the transition from DOS to

Windows was for the PC. It represents a revolution. For multimedia

messaging to succeed good applications have to be in place. It is

applications that drive a technology, giving users a reason to grasp the

concept of a service. Users will only use a service if there is a reason for

doing so; applications give users a reason to use MMS.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY-

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Multimedia Message Service (MMS) will be a

key application within the wireless messaging business, and one of the

enablers of the Mobile Information Society, in which an increasing part of

all personal information transmission will take place wirelessly. MMS, the

most versatile messaging service, is a natural continuation of Short

Message Service (SMS) and Picture Messaging. In addition to wireless

voice and text transmission, visual content can be exchanged. With

Multimedia Messaging it is possible to combine the conventional short

messages with much richer content types photograph, images, voice

clips, and eventually also video clips. In addition to sending messages

mobile-to-mobile, it is possible to send messages mobile-to-email and

later also email-to-mobile. This all means new and exciting possibilitiesespecially for person-to-person communication. MMS will most likely be

introduced in several phases; the combination of text and photo, for

instance, will be adopted first followed by strong needs to combine other

Multimedia Messaging elements such as video and voice clips. The

price perceptions and storage possibilities for MMS will be of high

importance when MMS becomes available. Multimedia Messaging will

offer extensive added value especially for person-to-person messaging

and also for person-to-group messaging which will be available in thenear future. As the demand for messaging between users and

applications grows along with new bearers and the Wireless Application

Protocol (WAP), the importance of WAP enabled Multimedia Messaging

applications will grow significantly. This will bring network Operators and

third party developers wide business opportunities. It is estimated,

however, that up to 8090 % of messaging will include person-to-

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person and person-to-group messaging which is currently the case for

SMS. To meet the high demand for a new era of messaging, complete

solutions for Multimedia Messaging based on mobile device and

infrastructure will include mobile devices supporting Mobile Multimedia,

and a comprehensive solution for network Operators to offer Multimedia

Messaging. General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network will be ideal

for mobile data networking services. In addition with 3rd party

developers and other parties to develop and deliver MMS.The product

family will offer network Operators viable possibilities to make an early

move in offering attractive MMS.

MMS with Digital Image Input is the next step towards visual mobile

communication. It is a simple, easy-to-use way to send a photograph

with text from device to device or from device to email. Creating, sending

and forwarding image messages are as simple as with SMS and Picture

Messaging today. To enable Image Messaging, a mobile device with an

integrated or connected camera and sufficient image display capabilitiesare needed. In addition, a MMS Center is required to perform store and

forward operations.

Audio and video clips provide richer

content to Multimedia Messaging further along the messaging evolution

path. Consumers are starting to demand easier and faster use of shared

images, independent of location and time. In the MMS, there is an

emerging need for instant communication, such as SMS. It involves both

content creation and content consumption where the user is both thecontent developer and the consumer. For example, when taking a photo,

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adding text to it and sending it to another person with a supporting

mobile device.

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MMS Architecture

Mobile Mms Transfer

Multimedia Messaging Center

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(Heart of MMS)

The MMC is the core product in the MMS solution.The MMC manages

the flow of multimedia messages to and from users mobile handsets,

and Internet

Modular and standard compliant (3GPP and OMA)

Scalability and Performance

High Availability

Auto provisioning

Flexible and extensive prepaid support

Rate engine to tailor charging parameters and simulate price plans

Subscriber preferences (e.g. strip, forward, copy and divert)

Extensive Value Added ServiceProvider (VASP) handling

Multimedia Client Proxy

(MMS for all)

Legacy Support (Multimedia Client Proxy MMCP),a feature that

enables users who dont yet have a MMS- or video-enabled phone toreceive the MMS messages.

MMS on any SMS enabled device

Video playback via web

Chargeable

Multimedia Processor

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(Good Quality Messaging)

Optimizes images and audio in real-time to match the display

capabilities of the recipients handset

Ensures message quality Optimal trans-coding of several media types

Optimizes the usage of the network

Multimedia Library

(Handy Contents on Demand)

MML is a multimedia library including private and public storage, sharing

facilities, composing multimedia messages and easy access to content.

For the user:

Create, edit, preview and send MMS messages Access via handset or web

Personal storage

Share content with friends and family

Access to public images, sound clips, or templates

Print messages

Multimedia inbox

For the operator:

Accelerate uptake ofMMS and increase user stickiness

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Truly integrated in total MMS solution

GUI fully adaptable to operator requirements

Value Added Service Provider interface