b.sc. honours zoology ( 2018-19) · 2018-10-10 · b.sc. honours zoology ( 2018-19) ii list of...

B.Sc. Honours Zoology ( 2018-19)

i

Outline of Syllabi & Courses of Reading

B.Sc. Honours Zoology

For

Session: 2018-19

Mata Gujri College

Fatehgarh Sahib

An Autonomous College


ii

LIST OF CONTENTS

Sr No. Content

1. Scheme of the course under Choice

based Credit System

2. List of Discipline Specific Elective,

Generic Elective, Skill Enhancement

Courses

3. Syllabus of Semester I

4. Syllabus of Semester II

5. Syllabus of Semester III

6. Syllabus of Semester IV

7. Syllabus of semester V

8. Syllabus of semester VI

5.


iii

SCHEME FOR CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

B.Sc. (HONOURS) ZOOLOGY

Semester

Core

Courses

( CC): 14

Credits:

6 each

Ability

Enhancement

Compulsory

courses

( AECC ):

02

Credits : 2

each

Skill

Enhancement

Course

( SEC):

02

Credits : 2

each

Discipline

Specific

Elective

( DSE):

04

Credits : 6

each

Generic

Elective (GE):

04

Credits: 6 each

I CC I Environment

Science

GE I

CC II Punjabi

II CC III English

Communicati

on

GE II

CC IV Drug Abuse

( Qualifying

paper )

III CC V SEC I GE III

CC VI

CC VII

IV CC VIII SEC II GE IV

CC IX

CC X

V CC XI DSE I

CC XII DSE II

VI CC XIII DSE III

CC XIV DSE IV

#GE can be opted from the courses offered by the discipline other than Zoology running

in the college. The syllabus of the course opted can be referred from the compiled copy

of the syllabi of the respective department .

#Pass percentage is 40% ( External and internal evaluation separately)


iv

DETAIL OF COURSES

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM


SEMESTER I

Course

Code Title Credits Evaluation

External Internal Total

CC I BZ(H)CC

-101

Non Chordates I :

Protists to

Pseudocoelomates

4 75 25 150

CCI

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P-101

2 50 -

CC II BZ(H)CC

-102

Principles of ecology 4 75 25 150

CCII

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P- 102

2 50 -

GE I BZ(H)GE

103

4 75 25 150

GE I

Practicals BZ(H)GE

P- 103

2 50 -

AECC I BZ(H)

AECC

104

Punjabi 2 35 15 50

BZ(H)

AECC

104A

Basic Punjabi

AECC II BZ(H)

AECC-

105

Environmental

Science

2 35 15 50

Total Credits:

25

550


v

DETAIL OF COURSES



SEMESTER II

Course



CC III BZ(H)CC

-201

Non Chordates II:

Coelomates

4 75 25 150

CCIII

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P-201

2 50 -

CC IV BZ(H)CC

-202

Cell Biology 4 75 25 150

CC IV

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P- 202

2 50 -

GE II BZ(H)GE

203

4 75 25 150

GE II

Practicals BZ(H)GE

P- 203

2 50 -

AECC III BZ(H)

AECC

204

English

Communication

2 35 15 50

AECC IV BZ(H)

AECC

205

Drug Abuse:

Problem,

Management and

Prevention

- 75 25 100*

Total Credits:

20

500

*Marks not included in total marks


vi

DETAIL OF COURSES



SEMESTER III

Course



CC V BZ(H)-

CC301

Diversity of

Chordata

4 75 25 150

CC V

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P-301

2 50 -

CC VI BZ(H)

CC-302

Animal Physiology:

Controlling and

coordinating systems

4 75 25 150

CC

VIPracticals BZ(H)

CC

P- 302

2 50 -

CC VII

BZ(H)

CC

303

Fundamentals of

Biochemistry

4 75 25 150

CC VII

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P- 303

2 50 -

GE III BZ(H)304 4 75 25 150

GEIII

Practicals BZ(H)

P-304

2 50 -

SEC I BZ(H)

SEC

305A/B/C

BZ(H)SEC 305

A:Aquarium Fish

keeping

2 - - 50

BZ(H)SEC 305 B:

Biotechniques

BZ(H)SEC 305 C:

Vermicompost

Technology

Total Credits:

26

650


vii

DETAIL OF COURSES



SEMESTER IV

Course



CCVIII BZ(H)-

CC401

Diversity of

Chordata

4 75 25 150

CC VIII

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P-401

2 50 -

CC IX BZ(H)

CC-402

Animal Physiology:

Controlling and

coordinating systems

4 75 25 150

CC

IXPracticals BZ(H)

CC

P- 402

2 50 -

CC X

BZ(H)

CC

403

Fundamentals of

Biochemistry

4 75 25 150

CC X

Practicals BZ(H)CC

P- 403

2 50 -

GE IV BZ(H)404 4 75 25 150

GEIV

Practicals BZ(H)

P-404

2 50 -

SEC I BZ(H)

SEC

405A/B

BZ(H)SEC 405

A:Apiculture

2 - - 50

BZ(H)SEC 405 B:

Medical Diagnostics

Total Credits:

26

650


viii

DETAIL OF THE COURSES B.Sc. (HONOURS) ZOOLOGY

SEMESTER V and VI

Se

m

est

er

Course

Title Title Code Credits Evaluation

V Theory Practic

al

Exte

rnal

Internal Practical Total

CC V Fundamentals of

Molecular Biology

ZOO (H)CC

111

4 2 75 25 50 150

CC VI

ZOO

(H) 502

Principles of Genetics ZOO (H) CC

112

4 2 75 25 50 150

DSE I

Choose any two

Fundamentals of

Entomology

Immunology

Research

methodology

Parasitology

Wild Life

conservation

ZOO ( DSE)

301

ZOO (DSE )

302

ZOO (DSE )

303

ZOO (DSE)

304

ZOO (DSE)

305

4 2 75 25 50 150

DSEII

4 2 75 25 50 150

Total credits :

24

600

VI CC-III Developmental Biology ZOO (H) CC

113 4 2 75 25 50 150

CC-IV Evolutionary Biology ZOO (H) CC

114 4 2 75 25 50 150

DSE III

Economic

Entomology and

Pest

Management

Fish and

Fisheries

Animal

Biotechnology

Animal

Behaviour and

chronobiology

*Dissertation

ZOO(DSE)306

ZOO(DSE)307

ZOO(DSE)308

ZOO (DSE) 309

*ZOO (DSE)

310

4 2 75 25 50 150

DSE

IV 4 2 75 25 50 150

*Dissertation will be of 6 credits in lieu of one Discipline specific Elective (Marks 150; External

evaluation =100, Internal Evaluation = 50 )

Total credits :

24

600


ix

LIST OF DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVES (DSE )

I. ODD SEMESTER

Sr No Course Code Course Title Page reference

1. ZOO (DSE) 301 Fundamentals of Entomology

2. ZOO (DSE) 302 Immunology

3. ZOO (DSE) 303 Research Methodology

4. ZOO (DSE) 304 Parasitology

5. ZOO (DSE) 305 Wild Life Conservation

II. EVEN SEMESTER

Sr No Course Code Course Title Page reference

1. ZOO( DSE) 306

Economic Entomology and

Pest Management

2. ZOO( DSE) 307

Fish and Fisheries

3. ZOO( DSE) 308

Animal Biotechnology

4. ZOO( DSE) 309 Animal Behaviour and

chronobiology

5. ZOO( DSE) 310 Dissertation

LIST OF GENERIC ELECTIVE COURSES (GE)

Sr No, Course Code Course title

1. ZOO GE 01 Animal Diversity

2 ZOO GE 04 Insect Vectors and diseases

3 ZOO GE 02 Human Physiology

4 ZOO GE 03 Food Nutrition and Health


x

LIST OF SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSES ( SEC )

Sr No Course Code Course title

OFFERED IN EVEN SEMESTER

1. ZOO (SEC ) 101 Apiculture

2. ZOO (SEC ) 104 Medical Diagnostics

OFFERED IN ODD SEMESTER

3. ZOO(SEC) -102

Aquarium Fish Keeping

4. ZOO(SEC)-103

Biotechniques

5. ZOO(SEC)-105 Vermicompost technology


xi

SEMESTER I

CORE COURSE I BZ(H) CC101

NON-CHORDATES I: PROTISTS TO PSEUDOCOELOMATES

THEORY (Credits 4)

Time Allowed : 3hrs Maximum marks : 100

External Evaluation : 75

Internal assessment : 25

Section A

Unit 1: Protista, Parazoa and Metazoa

General characteristics and Classification up to classes

Study of Euglena, Amoeba and Paramecium

Life cycle and pathogenicity of Plasmodium vivax and Entamoebahistolytica

Locomotion and Reproduction in Protista

Evolution of symmetry and segmentation of Metazoa

Unit 2: Porifera


Canal system and spicules in sponges

Unit 3: Cnidaria


Metagenesis in Obelia

Polymorphism in Cnidaria

Corals and coral reefs

Section B

Unit 4: Ctenophora

General characteristics and Evolutionary significance

Unit 5: Platyhelminthes


Life cycle and pathogenicity of Fasciola hepatica and Taeniasolium

Unit 6: Nemathelminthes


Life cycle, and pathogenicity of Ascarislumbricoides and Wuchereriabancrofti

Parasitic adaptations in helminthes


xii

Note : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each from respective

sections of the syllabus of 15 marks each and Section C of nine compulsory questions ( short

answer type questions of 3 marks each) covering the entire syllabus. The candidate will

attempt two questions each from Section A and B and SectionC will be compulsory.

NON-CHORDATES I: PROTISTS TO PSEUDOCOELOMATES BZ(H) CCP101

PRACTICALS (Credit 2)

M.M. 50

1. Study of whole mount of Euglena, Amoeba and Paramecium, Binary fission and

Conjugation in Paramecium

2. Examination of pond water collected from different places for diversity in protista

3. Study of Sycon (T.S. and L.S.), Hyalonema, Euplectella, Spongilla

4. Study of Obelia, Physalia, Millepora, Aurelia, Tubipora, Corallium, Alcyonium, Gorgonia,

Metridium, Pennatula, Fungia, Meandrina, Madrepora

5. One specimen/slide of any ctenophore

6. Study of adult Fasciola hepatica, Taeniasolium and their life cycles

(Slides/microphotographs)

7. Study of adult Ascarislumbricoides and its life stages (Slides/micro-photographs)

8. To submit a Project Report on any related topic on life cycles/coral/ coral reefs.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Ruppert and Barnes, R.D. (2006). Invertebrate Zoology, VIII Edition. Holt Saunders

International Edition.

Barnes, R.S.K., Calow, P., Olive, P.J.W., Golding, D.W. and Spicer, J.I. (2002). The

Invertebrates: A New Synthesis, III Edition, Blackwell Science

Barrington, E.J.W. (1979). Invertebrate Structure and Functions. II Edition, E.L.B.S.

and Nelson


xiii

CORE COURSE II

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY

THEORY(Credits 4)

Time Allowed : 3hrs Maximum marks :

100



Section A

Unit 1: Introduction to Ecology

History of ecology, Autecology and synecology, Levels of organization, Laws of limiting

factors, Study of physical factors

Unit 2: Population

Unitary and Modular populations

Unique and group attributes of population: Density, natality, mortality, life tables, fecundity

tables, survivorship curves, age ratio, sex ratio, dispersal and dispersion

Exponential and logistic growth, equation and patterns, r and K strategies

Population regulation - density-dependent and independent factors Population interactions,

Gause’s Principle with laboratory and field examples, Lotka-Volterra equation for

competition and Predation, functional and numerical responses

Section B

Unit 3: Community

Community characteristics: species richness, dominance, diversity, abundance, vertical

stratification, Ecotone and edge effect; Ecological succession with one example

Theories pertaining to climax community

Unit 4: Ecosystem

Types of ecosystems with one example in detail, Food chain: Detritus and grazing food

chains, Linear and Y-shaped food chains, Food web, Energy flow through the ecosystem,

Ecological pyramids and Ecological efficiencies

Nutrient and biogeochemical cycle with one example of Nitrogen cycle

Human modified ecosystem

Unit 5: Applied Ecology

Ecology in Wildlife Conservation and Management


xiv


sections of the syllabus of 15 marks each and Section C of compulsory question ( short

answer type questions ) covering the entire syllabus. The candidate will attempt two

questions each from Section A and B and Section C will be compulsory.

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY

PRACTICALS (Credits 2)

M.M. 50

1. Study of life tables and plotting of survivorship curves of different types from the

hypothetical/real data provided

2. Determination of population density in a natural/hypothetical community by quadrate

method 3. Study of an aquatic ecosystem: Phytoplankton and zooplankton, Measurement of

area, temperature, turbidity/penetration of light, determination of pH, and Dissolved Oxygen

content (Winkler’s method), Chemical Oxygen Demand and free CO2

4. Report on a visit to National Park/Biodiversity Park/Wild life sanctuary

SUGGESTED READINGS

Colinvaux, P. A. (1993). Ecology. II Edition. Wiley, John and Sons, Inc.

Krebs, C. J. (2001). Ecology. VI Edition. Benjamin Cummings.

Odum, E.P., (2008). Fundamentals of Ecology. Indian Edition. Brooks/Cole

Robert Leo Smith Ecology and field biology Harper and Row publisher

Ricklefs, R.E., (2000). Ecology. V Edition. Chiron Pres


xv

CORE COURSE III BZ(H) CC 201

NON-CHORDATES II: COELOMATES

THEORY(Credits 4)




Section A

Unit 1: Introduction to Coelomates

Evolution of coelom and metamerism

Unit 2: Annelida


Excretion in Annelida

Unit 3: Arthropoda


Vision and Respiration in Arthropoda

Metamorphosis in Insects

Social life in bees and termites

Section B

Unit 4: Onychophora

General characteristics and Evolutionary significance

Unit 5: Mollusca


Respiration in Mollusca

Torsion and detorsion in Gastropoda

Pearl formation in bivalves

Evolutionary significance of trochophore larva

Unit 6: Echinodermata


Water-vascular system in Asteroidea

Larval forms in Echinodermata


xvi

Affinities with Chordates





NON-CHORDATES II: COELOMATES BZ(H) CCP201

PRACTICAL(Credits 2)

M.M. 50

1. Study of following specimens:

Annelids - Aphrodite, Nereis, Heteronereis, Sabella, Serpula, Chaetopterus,

Pheretima, Hirudinaria

Arthropods - Limulus, Palamnaeus, Palaemon, Daphnia, Balanus, Sacculina, Cancer,

Eupagurus, Scolopendra, Julus, Bombyx, Periplaneta, termites and honey bees

Onychophora - Peripatus

Molluscs - Chiton, Dentalium, Pila, Doris, Helix, Unio, Ostrea, Pinctada, Sepia,

Octopus, Nautilus

Echinodermates - Pentaceros/Asterias, Ophiura, Clypeaster, Echinus, Cucumaria and

Antedon

2. Study of digestive system, septal nephridia and pharyngeal nephridia of earthworm

3. T.S. through pharynx, gizzard, and typhlosolar intestine of earthworm

4. Mount of mouth parts and dissection of digestive system and nervous system of

Periplaneta*

5. To submit a Project Report on any related topic to larval forms (crustacean, mollusc and

echinoderm)

SUGGESTED READINGS

Ruppert and Barnes, R.D. (2006). Invertebrate Zoology, VIII Edition. Holt Saunders

International Edition


xvii

Barnes, R.S.K., Calow, P., Olive, P. J. W., Golding, D.W. and Spicer, J.I. (2002).

TheInvertebrates: A New Synthesis, III Edition, Blackwell Science

Barrington, E.J.W. (1979). Invertebrate Structure and Functions. II Edition, E.L.B.S.

and Nelson

CORE COURSE IV

CELL BIOLOGY B Z(H) CC : 202

THEORY(Credits 4)

Time Allowed : 3hrs

Maximum marks : 100



Section A

Unit 1: Overview of Cells

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells, Virus, Viroids, Mycoplasma, Prions

Unit 2: Plasma Membrane

Various models of plasma membrane structure

Transport across membranes: Active and Passive transport, Facilitated transport

Cell junctions: Tight junctions, Desmosomes, Gap junctions

Unit 3: Endomembrane System

Structure and Functions: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosomes

Unit 4: Mitochondria and Peroxisomes

Mitochondria: Structure, Semi-autonomous nature, Endosymbiotic hypothesis

Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain, Chemi-osmotic hypothesis

Peroxisomes

Section B

Unit 5: Cytoskeleton

Structure and Functions: Microtubules, Microfilaments and Intermediate filaments

Unit 6: Nucleus

Structure of Nucleus: Nuclear envelope, Nuclear pore complex, Nucleolus

Chromatin: Euchromatin and Hetrochromatin and packaging (nucleosome)

Unit 7: Cell Division

Mitosis, Meiosis, Cell cycle and its regulation

Unit 8: Cell Signaling


xviii

GPCR and Role of second messenger (cAMP)





CELL BIOLOGY BZ(H) CC P 302

PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

M.M 50

1. Preparation of temporary stained squash of onion root tip to study various stages of

mitosis

2. Study of various stages of meiosis.

3. Preparation of permanent slide to show the presence of Barr body in human female blood

cells/cheek cells.

4. To study the electron micrographs of cell organelles.

5. To study the working and principle of electron microscope.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Karp, G. (2010). Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. VI Edition.

John Wiley and Sons. Inc.

De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. (2006). Cell and Molecular Biology. VIII

Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.

Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. (2009). The Cell: A Molecular Approach. V Edition.

ASM Press and Sunderland, Washington, D.C.; Sinauer Associates, MA.

Becker, W.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J. and Bertoni, G. P. (2009). The World of the

Cell. VII Edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San Francisco.

Bruce Albert, Bray Dennis, Levis Julian, Raff Martin, Roberts Keith and Watson

James (2008). Molecular Biology of the Cell, V Edition, Garland publishing Inc., New

York and London.


xix

CORE COURSE III COURSE CODE : BZ(H) CC 301

DIVERSITY OF CHORDATA THEORY (Credits 4)

Maximum Marks : 100

External Evaluation : 75(Time Allowed : 3 hrs)

Internal Assessment : 25

SECTION A Unit 1: Introduction to Chordates

General characteristics and outline classification

Unit 2: Protochordata

General characteristics and affinities of Hemichordata, Urochordata and Cephalochordata;

Unit 3: Origin of Chordata

Dipleurula concept and the Echinoderm theory of origin of chordates

Advanced features of vertebrates over Protochordata

Unit 4: Agnatha

General characteristics and classification of cyclostomes up to class

Unit 5: Pisces

General characteristics of Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes, classification up to

order Migration, Osmoregulation and Parental care in fishes

SECTION B

Unit 6: Amphibia

Origin of Tetrapoda(Evolution of terrestrial ectotherms); General

characteristics and classification up to order; Parental care in Amphibians

Unit 7: Reptilia

General characteristics and classification up to order;Poison apparatus and Biting mechanism

in snakes

Unit 8: Aves

General characteristics and classification up to order, Principles and aerodynamics of flight,

Flight adaptations and Migration in birds

Unit 9: Mammals


xx

General characters and classification up to order; Affinities of Prototheria;

Adaptive radiation with reference to locomotory appendages

NOTE : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each from respective

sections of the syllabus of 12 marks each and Section C of compulsory questions ( Short

answer type of 3marks each ) of 27 marks covering the entire syllabus. The candidate

will attempt two questions each from section A and B ; and entire Section C.


xxi

DIVERSITY OF CHORDATA BZ(H) CC P301


1. Protochordata

Specimens :Balanoglossus, Herdmania, Amphioxus

Permanent Slides :Oikopleura, Doliolum , Salpa. Sections of Balanoglossusthrough proboscis and

branchiogenital regions, Sections of Amphioxus through pharyngeal, intestinal and caudal regions.

Permanent slide of Herdmaniaspicules

2. Agnatha

Petromyzon

3. Fishes

Scoliodon, Sphyrna, Pristis, Torpedo, Chimaera, Mystus, ,Labeo, Exocoetus, Echeneis, Anguilla,

Hippocampus, Tetrodon, Anabas, Solea

Dissection of Labeo *

4. Amphibia

Ureotyphlus, Necturus, Bufo, Hyla, Amphiuma, Salamandra

Dissection of Rana*

5. Reptilia

Chelone, Hemidactylus, Varanus, Chamaeleon, , Draco, Bungarus, Vipera, Naja, Hydrophis,

Crocodialis

Key for Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes

6. Aves

Study of six common birds from different orders. Study of Types of beaks and claws

7. Mammalia

Echidna, Pteropus, Guinea pig , Loris, Herpestes, Crocodylis

Dissection of Rat*

8. Visit to Zoological park./ Study of local chordate biodiversity.

9. PROJECTS :.

Migration in fish


xxii

Parental care in amphibians

Migration in birds

Perching mechanism in birds

Dentition in mammals

* Dissections will be demonstrated through models/ virtual dissections/ CD .

Guidelines for conduction of Practical examinations


1. To Identify , classify upto order , and write morphoecological note on the specimens A, B,

C,D and E. 5x4=20

2. To identify the given permanent slides E, F and G and to write two identification points for

each. 3x2=6

3. To identify the poisonous/ non poisonous snake by key 04

4. To identify and write a note on beak / Claw of the given bird. 04

5. Project 6

6. Note Book 5

7. Viva 5

SUGGESTED READINGS

Young, J. Z. (2004). The Life of Vertebrates. III Edition. Oxford university press.

Pough H. Vertebrate life, VIII Edition, Pearson International.

Darlington P.J. The Geographical Distribution of Animals, R.E. Krieger Pub. Co.

Hall B.K. and Hallgrimsson B. (2008). Strickberger’s Evolution. IV Edition. Jones and Bartlett

Publishers Inc.

CORE COURSE IV

COURSE CODE :BZ(H) CC 302

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY: CONTROLLING AND COORDINATING SYSTEMS

THEORY (Credits 4)

Maximum Marks : 100


xxiii



SECTION A

Unit 1: Tissues :Structure, location, classification and functions of epithelial tissue,

connective tissue, muscular tissue and nervous tissue

Unit 2: Bone and Cartilage :Structure and types of bones and cartilages, Ossification, bone

growth and resorption

Unit 3: Nervous System : Structure of neuron, resting membrane potential, Origin of action

potential and its propagation across the myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers; Types of

synapse, Synaptic transmission and Neuromuscular junction; Reflex action and its types -

reflex arc

Unit 4 : Sensory System :Physiology of hearing and vision.

SECTION B

Unit 5: Muscle Ultra structure of skeletal muscle; Molecular and chemical basis of muscle

contraction; Characteristics of muscle twitch; Motor unit, summation and tetanus

Unit 6: Reproductive System Histology of testis and ovary; Physiology of male and female

reproduction, Reproductive cycles.

Unit 7: Endocrine System :Nature of hormones , Mode of action , Signal transduction

pathways used by steroidal and non steroidal hormones. Histology and functions of endocrine

glands : Thyroid, parathyroid, Adrenal , hypothalamus, Pituitiary, Pancreas, Gonads and

Placenta. Effect of abnormal secretions of hormones.

NOTE : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each from the

respective sections of the syllabus of 12 marks each and Section C of 9 compulsory

questions ( Short answer type of 3 marks each ) of 27 marks covering the entire

syllabus. The candidate will attempt two questions each from section A and B ; and

entire Section C.


xxiv

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY: CONTROLLING AND COORDINATING SYSTEMS

BZ(H) CC P302

PRACTICALS (Credits 2)

1. To study the Knee jerk reflex in man

2. Demonstration of the unconditioned reflex action *.

3 Recording of muscle contraction in the gastrocnemius muscle nerve preparation of frog.*

4.. Examination of previously recorded and printed EEG.

5.. Preparation of temporary mounts: Squamous epithelium, Striated muscle fibres and nerve

cells

6. Study of permanent slides of :

a)Striated, non striated and Cardiac Muscle

b) Bone and Cartilage

c) Testis , Ovary, Adrenal, Pancreas, Thyroid

d) Spinal Cord

e) skin and Squamous epithelium

7. Microtomy: Preparation of permanent slide of any mammalian tissue.**

8. Study of physiology disorders through charts: Bone disorders, Muscle dystrophies ,

abnormal secretions of hormones.

(* only as per UGC guidelines

* *Tissue should only betaken from slaughter house )


xxv



1. Identification of the given 5 permanent slides and to write two identification points for

each. 5x2=10

2. To identify the given physiological disorder F and G and to write the cause and symptoms

of the same. 2x5=10

3. To study and comment on given EEG. 03

4. To demonstrate the given physiological experiment H and to write principle and

observation. 07

4. To prepare the permanent slide of the given mammalian section. 0 5

5. Project 05

6.Note Book 0 5

7.Viva 05

CORE COURSE V


FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY

THEORY (Credits 4)

Maximum Marks : 100

External Evaluation : 75 (Time Allowed : 3 hrs)


SECTION A


xxvi

Unit 1: Carbohydrates Structure and Biological importance: Monosaccharides,

Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and Glycoconjugates

Unit 2: Lipids Structure and Significance: Physiologically important saturated and

unsaturated fatty acids, Tri-acylglycerols, Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Steroids

Unit 3: Proteins

Amino acids: Structure, Classification and General properties of α-amino acids;

Physiological importance of essential and non-essential α-amino acids Proteins: Bonds

stabilizing protein structure; Levels of organization in proteins; Denaturation; Introduction to

simple and conjugate proteins Immunoglobulins: Basic Structure, Classes and Function,

Antigenic Determinants

SECTION B

Unit 4: Nucleic Acids Structure: Purines and pyrimidines, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Nucleic

acids . Cot Curves: Base pairing, Denaturation and Renaturation of DNA .Types of DNA and

RNA, Complementarity of DNA, Hpyo-Hyperchromaticity of DNA

Unit 5: Enzymes :Nomenclature and classification; Cofactors; Specificity of enzyme action;

Isozymes; Mechanism of enzyme action; Enzyme kinetics; Factors affecting rate of enzyme-

catalyzed reactions; Derivation of Michaelis-Menten equation, Concept of Km and Vmax,

Lineweaver-Burk plot; Multi-substrate reactions; Enzyme inhibition; Allosteric enzymes and

their kinetics; Regulation of enzyme action



answer type of 3 marks each) of 27 marks covering the entire syllabus. The candidate



xxvii

FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY

PRACTICAL (CREDITS 2)

1. Qualitative tests of functional groups in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids.

2. Paper chromatography of amino acids.

3. Action of salivary amylase under optimum conditions.

4. Effect of pH, temperature and inhibitors on the action of salivary amylase.

5. Demonstration of proteins separation by SDS-PAGE.


TimeAllowed : 3hrs Maximum marks : 50

1. To perform the Qualitative analysis of the given sample A and B.

5x2=10

2. To demonstrate the effect of the given parameter C and D on enzyme activity.

7x2=14

3. To perform the paper chromatography of the given sample E 10

4. Project 06

5. Viva 05

6. Note Book 05

SUGGESTED READINGS

1.Cox, M.M and Nelson, D.L. (2008). Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry, V Edition,

W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.

2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L. and Stryer, L. (2007). Biochemistry, VI Edition, W.H. Freeman

and Co., New York.

3.Murray, R.K., Bender, D.A., Botham, K.M., Kennelly, P.J., Rodwell, V.W. and Well, P.A.

(2009). Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, XXVIII Edition, International Edition, The

McGraw- Hill Companies Inc.

4.Hames, B.D. and Hooper, N.M. (2000). Instant Notes in Biochemistry, II Edition, BIOS

Scientific Publishers Ltd., U.K.


xxviii

5.Watson, J.D., Baker, T.A., Bell, S.P., Gann, A., Levine, M. and Losick, R. (2008).

Molecular Biology of the Gene, VI Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, Pearson Pub

CORE COURSE VI

COURSE CODE :B Z(H) CC : 401

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES

THEORY (Credits 4)

Maximum Marks : 100



SECTION A

Unit 1: Integumentary System

Comparative account of Skin. Structure, functions and derivatives of integument : Glands,

Scales, Hairs, Feathers, Nails, Claws, Horns and Antlers.

Unit 2: Skeletal System

Overview of axial and appendicular skeleton, Jaw suspension, Visceral arches

Unit 3: Digestive System

Alimentary canal and associated glands, dentition

Unit 4: Respiratory System

Skin, gills, lungs and air sacs; Accessory respiratory organs

SECTION B

Unit 5: Circulatory System

General plan of circulation, evolution of heart and aortic arches


xxix

Unit 6: Urinogenital System

Succession of kidney, Evolution of urinogenital ducts, Types of mammalian uteri

Unit 7: Nervous System

Comparative account of brain, Autonomic nervous system, Spinal cord, Cranial nerves in

mammals

Unit 8: Sense Organs

Classification of receptors

Brief account of visual and auditory receptors in man



answer type of 3 marks each ) of 27 marks covering the entire syllabus. The candidate



xxx

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES


1. Study of placoid, cycloid and ctenoid scales through permanent slides/photographs

2. Disarticulated skeleton of Scoliodon, Frog, Varanus, Fowl, Rabbit

3.Study of carapace and plastron of tortoise.

4. Study of Integumentary modification in birds ( Feathers ), and Mammals ( Hoof, Horn)

through specimens/ models.

5. Histological slides : frog and mammal( skin, oesophagus,stomach, intestine, kidney, retina,

blood smear )

6. Study of structure of heart, lung, kidney, eye and ear from video recordings/ Models.

7. Study of skeletal modifications in vertebrates( through charts/ Models )

8. Study of Dentition in mammals.




each. 4x2 =8

2. To identify the given bones A, B , C and D. Draw labelled diagram of the given view.

4x4=16

3. To identify the given dentition and to explain it. 05

4. To identify the given skeletal modification and to explain it 05

4. Project 06

5.Note Book 05

6.Viva 05

SUGGESTED READINGS


xxxi

1. Kardong, K.V. (2005) Vertebrates’ Comparative Anatomy, Function and Evolution.

IV Edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education

2. Kent, G.C. and Carr R.K. (2000). Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates. IX

Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies

3. Weichert C.K and William Presch (1970). Elements of Chordate Anatomy, Tata

McGraw Hills

4. Hilderbrand, M and Gaslow G.E. Analysis of Vertebrate Structure, John Wiley and

Sons

5. Walter, H.E. and Sayles, L.P; Biology of Vertebrates, Khosla Publishing House

CORE COURSE VII

COURSE CODE :BZ(H) CC: 402

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY:LIFE SUSTAINING SYSTEMS

THEORY (Credits 4)

Maximum Marks : 100



SECTION A

Unit 1: Physiology of Digestion

Structural organization and functions of gastrointestinal tract and associated glands;

Mechanical and chemical digestion of food; Absorptions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,

water, minerals and vitamins; Hormonal control of secretion of enzymes in Gastrointestinal

tract.

Unit 2: Physiology of Respiration

Histology of trachea and lung; Mechanism of respiration, Pulmonary ventilation; Respiratory

volumes and capacities; Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood; Respiratory

pigments, Dissociation curves and the factors influencing it; Carbon monoxide poisoning;

Control of respiration

Unit 3: Renal Physiology


xxxii

Structure of kidney and its functional unit; Mechanism of urine formation; Regulation of

water balance; Regulation of acid-base balance

SECTION B

Unit 4: Blood

Components of blood and their functions; Structure and functions of haemoglobin

Haemostasis: Blood clotting system, Kallikrein-Kinninogen system, Complement system&

Fibrinolytic system, HaemopoiesisBlood groups: Rh factor, ABO and MN

Unit 5: Physiology of Heart

Structure of mammalian heart; Coronary circulation; Structure and working of conducting

myocardial fibers. Origin and conduction of cardiac impulses

Cardiac cycle; Cardiac output and its regulation, Frank-Starling Law of the heart, nervous

and chemical regulation of heart rate. Electrocardiogram, Blood pressure and its regulation

Unit 6 : Thermoregulation

Regulation of heat production and heat loss. Role of circulatory system in thermoregulation.

Role of hypothalamus as thermostat



answer type ) of 27 marks covering the entire syllabus. The candidate will attempt two

questions each from section A and B ; and entire Section C


xxxiii

ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY:LIFE SUSTAINING SYSTEMS

PRACTICALS (CREDITS 2)

1. Determination of ABO Blood group

2. Enumeration of red blood cells and white blood cells using haemocytometer

3. Estimation of haemoglobin using Sahli’shaemoglobinometer

4.Determination of Differential White blood corpuscles in human blood

5. Determination of Bleeding and clotting time of blood.

6.To observe the coagulation of blood.

7.To prepare Haemin crystal

8. Recording of frog’s heart beat under in situ and perfused conditions*

9. Recording of blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer

10. Examination of sections of mammalian oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, rectum,

liver, trachea, lung, kidney ,pancreas, Artery, vein, blood smear.

(*Subject to UGC guidelines )




each. 5x2=10

2. To perform the given physiology experiments I, II ( major ) and III ( Minor ) and to write

the principle, observation and conclusion 10+10+5 =25

3. Project 5

4.Note Book 5

5.Viva 5

SUGGESTED READINGS


xxxiv

1. Guyton, A.C. & Hall, J.E. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology. XI Edition.

Hercourt Asia PTE Ltd. W.B. Saunders Company.

2. Tortora, G.J. & Grabowski, S. (2006). Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. XI

Edition John Wiley & sons,

3. Victor P. Eroschenko. (2008). diFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional

correlations. XII Edition. Lippincott W. & Wilkins.

4. Arey, L.B. (1974). Human Histology. IV Edition. W.B. Saunders.

5. Vander A, Sherman J. and Luciano D. (2014). Vander's Human Physiology: The

Mechanism of Body Function. XIII Edition, Mcgraw Hills

6. Verma, Tyagi and Agarwal .( 2000) Animal Physiology. S. Chand & Company

CORE COURSE VIII


BIOCHEMISTRY OF METABOLIC PROCESSES

THEORY (Credits 4)

Maximum Marks : 100



SECTION A

Unit 1: Overview of Metabolism

Catabolism vsAnabolism, Stages of catabolism, Compartmentalization of metabolic

pathways, Shuttle systems and membrane transporters; ATP as "Energy Currency of cell";

coupled reactions; Use of reducing equivalents and cofactors; Intermediary metabolism and

regulatory mechanisms

Unit 2: Carbohydrate Metabolism


xxxv

Sequence of reactions and regulation of glycolysis, Citric acid cycle, Phosphate pentose

pathway, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenolysis and Glycogenesis

Unit 3: Lipid Catabolism

β-oxidation and omega -oxidation of saturated fatty acids with even and odd number of

carbon atoms; Unit 4 : Lipid Anabolism :Biosynthesis of palmitic acid; Ketogenesis and its

physiological significance in Diabetes mellitus and Alcohlism

SECTION B

Unit 5: Protein Metabolism

Catabolism of amino acids: Transamination, Deamination, Urea cycle; Fate of C-skeleton of

Glucogenic and Ketogenic amino acids

Unit 6 :Purine and Pyrimidine metabolism : Biosynthesis and degradation

Unit 7: Oxidative Phosphorylation

Redox systems; mitochondrial respiratory chain, Inhibitors and un-couplers of Electron

Transport System

Unit 8 :Vitamins: Metabolic role of Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pyridoxine, Biotin ,

Lipoic acid, Vitamin A : role of Rhodopsin, Vitamin D : Role in calcium absorption and

mobilisation. Biochemical role of Vitamin E and K.



answer type of 3 marks each) of 27 marks covering the entire syllabus. The candidate



xxxvi

BIOCHEMISTRY OF METABOLIC PROCESS


1. Estimation of total protein in given solutions by Lowry’s method.

2. Saponification value of fat.

3. Determination of Acid value of fat

4. Calculation of Iodine number of fat

5. Identification of sugars in fruit juice using TLC.

6. Analysis of urine for its abnormal constituents.

7. To study the vitamin deficiency disorders through charts/ slides/ models.

8. Visit to medical laboratory.

Guidelines for conduction of Practical examinations Time Allowed : 3hrs Maximum marks : 50

1. To estimate the amount of protein in the given sample . 10

2.To perform the given experiment I and II ( writing principle, observation and inference).

10X2 =20

3.To identify the given vitamin disorder and to write a note on it 05

4. Project 05

5.Note Book 05

6.Viva 05

SUGGESTED READINGS

Cox, M.M and Nelson, D.L. (2008). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, V Edition, W.H.

Freeman and Co., New York.

Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L. and Stryer, L. (2007). Biochemistry, VI Edition, W.H. Freeman

and Co., New York.

Murray, R.K., Bender, D.A., Botham, K.M., Kennelly, P.J., Rodwell, V.W. and Well, P.A.

(2009). Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, XXVIII Edition, International Edition, The

McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.


xxxvii

Hames, B.D. and Hooper, N.M. (2000). Instant Notes in Biochemistry, II Edition, BIOS

Scientific Publishers Ltd., U.K.

CORE COURSE XI

CODE: ZOO (H)CC 111

TITLE :FUNDAMENTALS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE :To acquaint the students with the basic concepts of

Molecular biology: structure of nucleic acids , replication , Transcription, Translation, Gene

regulation and Repair mechanisms to make them enable to understand more advanced and

applied courses in life sciences.

THEORY (CREDITS 4)

Time Allowed : 3 hrs Maximum Marks : 100

Pass Percentage : 40% External Evaluation : 75

Internal Assessmemt :25

Instruction for the paper setter: : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each

from respective sections of the syllabus of 12 marks each and Section C of compulsory questions

(Short answer type questions ) consist of 9 questions covering the entire syllabus and will carry 3

marks each. The candidate will attempt two questions each from section A and B ; and entire Section

C.

SECTION A

Unit 1: Nucleic Acids (4)

Salient features of DNA and RNA, Watson and Crick model of DNA

Unit 2: DNA Replication( 12)

DNA Replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, mechanism of DNA replication, Semi-conservative,

bidirectional and semi-discontinuous replication, RNA priming, Replication of circular and linear ds-

DNA, replication of telomeres

Unit 3: Transcription (10)

RNA polymerase and transcription Unit, mechanism of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes,

synthesis of rRNA and mRNA, transcription factors

Unit 4: Translation (12)

Genetic code, Degeneracy of the genetic code and Wobble Hypothesis; Process of protein synthesis in

prokaryotes: Ribosome structure and assembly in prokaryotes, fidelity of protein synthesis, aminoacyl

tRNA synthetases and charging of tRNA; Proteins involved in initiation, elongation and termination

of polypeptide chain; Inhibitors of protein synthesis; Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic

translation

SECTION B

Unit 5: Post Transcriptional Modifications and Processing of Eukaryotic RNA( 6)

Structure of globin mRNA; Split genes: concept of introns and exons, splicing mechanism, alternative

splicing, exon shuffling, and RNA editing, Processing of tRNA

Unit 6: Gene Regulation (10)

Transcription regulation in prokaryotes: Principles of transcriptional regulation with examples from

lac operon and trp operon; Transcription regulation in eukaryotes: Activators, repressors, enhancers,

silencer elements; Gene silencing, Genetic imprinting

Unit 7: DNA Repair Mechanisms( 3)


xxxviii

Pyrimidine dimerization and mismatch repair

Unit 8: Regulatory RNAs (3)

Ribo-switches, RNA interference, miRNA, siRNA

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY


1.Isolation of DNA

2. Quantiative Estimation of DNA using spectrophotometer

3. Separation of DNA by Electrophoresis and visualisation through Gel Documentation

4. Demonstration of DNA replication using PCR

5.Study and interpretation of electron micrographs/ photograph showing

(a) DNA replication

(b) Transcription

(c) Split genes

6. Extraction of RNA

7. Designing of a primer ( through Hypothetical Data )

8. Numerical Problems on Genetic Code

9. Visit to Molecular research Lab

SUGGESTED BOOKS

Becker, W.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J. and Bertoni, G. P. (2009). The World

of the Cell. VII Edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San Francisco.

Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter:

Molecular Biology of the Cell, IV Edition.

Cooper G. M. and Robert E. Hausman R. E. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, V Edition,

ASM Press and Sinauer Associates.

De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. (2006). Cell and Molecular Biology. VIII

Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.

Karp, G. (2010) Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. VI Edition. John

Wiley and Sons. Inc.

Lewin B. (2008). Gene XI, Jones and Bartlett

McLennan A., Bates A., Turner, P. and White M. (2015). Molecular Biology IV

Edition. GS, Taylor and Francis Group, New York and London.

Guidelines for the conduction of practical examination

M.M. 50 Time allowed: 4hr

1. Interpret the given Electron Micrograph A and B 3x2=6

2. To perform the given experiments I and II from the syllabus. Write the principle, procedure and

demonstrate it to the examiner. 10x2=20

3. To design the primer from given hypothetical data 4

4. To solve the numerical problem based on Genetic code 4

5. Project 06

6. Viva 05

7. Practical note book 05

CORE COURSE XII

COURSE CODE : ZOO(H) CC112

COURSE TITLE : PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS


xxxix

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To acquaint the students with the fundamental concepts of

Genetics.

THEORY (CREDITS 4)




Instruction for the paper setter: : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each

from respective sections of the syllabus of 12 marks each and Section C of compulsory questions

(Short answer type questions ) consist of 9 questions covering the entire syllabus and will carry 3

marks each. The candidate will attempt two questions each from section A and B ; and entire Section

C.

SECTION A

Unit 1: Mendelian Genetics and its Extension( 8)

Principles of inheritance, Incomplete dominance and co-dominance, Multiple alleles, Lethal alleles,

Epistasis, Pleiotropy, Sex-linked, sex influenced and sex-limited characters inheritance.

Unit 2: Linkage, Crossing Over and Chromosomal Mapping (12)

Linkage and crossing over, Cytological basis of crossing over, Molecular mechanisms of crossing

over including models of recombination, Recombination frequency as a measure of linkage intensity,

Two factor and three factor crosses, Interference and coincidence, Somatic cell hybridization.

Unit 3: Mutations (10)

Types of gene mutations (Classification), Types of chromosomal aberrations (Classification, figures

and with one suitable example of each), Molecular basis of mutations in relation to UV light and

chemical mutagens; Detection of mutations: CLB method, attached X method.

Unit 4: Sex Determination (4)

Chromosomal mechanisms of sex determination in Drosophila and Man

SECTION B

Unit 5: Extra-chromosomal Inheritance (6)

Criteria for extra-chromosomal inheritance, Antibiotic resistance in Chlamydomonas, Mitochondrial

mutations in Saccharomyces, Infective heredity in Paramecium and Maternal effects


xl

Unit 6: Polygenic Inheritance (3)

Polygenic inheritance with suitable examples; simple numericals based on it.

Unit 7: Recombination in Bacteria and Viruses (9)

Conjugation, Transformation, Transduction, Complementation test in Bacteriophage

Unit 8: Transposable Genetic Elements (8)

Transposons in bacteria, Ac-Ds elements in maize and P elements in Drosophila, Transposons in

humans

PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS


1. To study the Mendelian laws and gene interactions.

2. Chi-square analyses using seeds/beads/Drosophila.

3. Linkage maps based on data from conjugation, transformation and transduction.

4. Linkage maps based on data from Drosophila crosses.

5. Study of human karyotype (normal and abnormal).

6. Pedigree analysis of some human inherited traits.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Gardner, E.J., Simmons, M.J., Snustad, D.P. (2008). Principles of Genetics. VIII Edition.

Wiley India

Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Principles of Genetics. V Edition. John Wiley and Sons

Inc

Klug, W.S., Cummings, M.R., Spencer, C.A. (2012). Concepts of Genetics. X Edition.

Benjamin Cummings

Russell, P. J. (2009). Genetics- A Molecular Approach.III Edition. Benjamin Cummings

Griffiths, A.J.F., Wessler, S.R., Lewontin, R.C. and Carroll, S.B. Introduction to Genetic

Analysis. IX Edition. W. H. Freeman and Co

Fletcher H. and Hickey I. (2015). Genetics. IV Edition. GS, Taylor and Francis Group, New

York and London.

Guidelines for the conduction of practical examination


1. Demonstration of given gene interaction from the material provided. 08

2. To Analyze the given three Human Karyotype and comment 09

3. To Construct gene map from the given data 06

4. To construct the pedigree charts from the given information 5x2=10

5. Notebook 06

6. Viva 05

7. Project 06

COURSE CODE : ZOO(H) CC 113

COURSE TITLE : Developmental Biology

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To make students understand the basic concepts of

development, embryonic and postembryonic development ; implication of teratogens and basics

of techniques in Development Biology


xli

THEORY (Credits 4)




.

NOTE : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each from respective sections of

the syllabus of 12 marks each and Section C of compulsory questions ( Short answer type questions )

consist of 9 questions covering the entire syllabus and will carry 3 marks each. The candidate will

attempt two questions each from section A and B ; and entire Section C.

Section: A

Unit 1: Introduction ( 4 )

Historical perspective and basic concepts: Phases of development, Cell-Cell interaction, Pattern

formation, Differentiation and growth, Differential gene expression, Cytoplasmic determinants and

asymmetric cell division

Unit 2 : Gametogenesis with particular reference to differentiation of spermatozoa, vitellogenesis;

role of follicle/Sertoli cells in gametogenesis. (4)

Unit 3 :Egg maturation :Types of eggs, egg membranes : polarity of egg. ( 1)

Unit 4:Fertilization: Mechanism, types and significance. Blocks to polyspermy . (2)

Unit 5: Cleavage: Characteristics, planes ,patterns, determinate and indeterminate cleavage, influence

of yolk on cleavage , laws of cleavage, blastulation, types of blastula. (2)

Unit 6 :Gastrulation: Definition, morphogenetic movements: epiboly, emboly, invagination,

involution, ingression, divergence and extension. Fate maps. (2)

Unit 7 :Basic concepts of organizers and inductors and their role in Determination and differentiation

(3)

SECTION B

Unit 8: Embryogenesis of Frog: Spawning, organization of unfertilized egg, Cleavage and

blastulation, Fate map, Gastrulation ( 4)

Unit 9: Embryogenesis of Chick: Structure of fertilized egg, Cleavage, Blastulation, Fate map,

Gastrulation, Comparison of blastopore and primitive streak. Extraembryonic membranes

(Development and functions) (5)

Unit 10: Embryogenesis of Rabbit: Cleavage, blastulation, gastrulation. Implantation. Development

and function of extraembryonic membranes, formation of Placenta.

Mammalian placenta – structure, types and functions. (5)

Unit 11: Post Embryonic Development (12)

Metamorphosis: Changes, hormonal regulations in amphibians and insects;

Regeneration: Modes of regeneration, epimorphosis, morphallaxis and compensatory regeneration

(with one example each); Ageing: Concepts and Theories

Unit 12: Implications of Developmental Biology( 8)


xlii

Teratogenesis: Teratogenic agents and their effects on embryonic development; In vitro fertilization,

Stem cell (ESC), Amniocentesis

2015

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY


1. Study of whole mounts and sections of developmental stages of frog through permanent slides:

Cleavage stages, blastula, gastrula, neurula, tail-bud stage, tadpole (external and internal gill stages)

2. Study of whole mounts of developmental stages of chick through permanent slides: Primitive streak

(13 and 18 hours), 21, 24, 28, 33, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours of incubation (Hamilton and Hamburger

stages)

3. Study of the developmental stages and life cycle of Drosophila from stock culture

4. Study of different sections of placenta (photomicropgraph/ slides)

5.Study of teratogenic agents and their effect on developments in humans through pictures/ Videos .

6. Project report on Drosophila culture/chick embryo development

SUGGESTED READINGS

Gilbert, S. F. (2010). Developmental Biology, IX Edition, Sinauer Associates,

Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA

Balinsky B. I. and Fabian B. C. (1981). An Introduction to Embryology, V

Edition, International Thompson Computer Press

Carlson, R. F. Patten's Foundations of Embryology

Kalthoff (2008). Analysis of Biological Development, II Edition, McGraw-Hill

Publishers

Lewis Wolpert (2002). Principles of Development. II Edition, Oxford University

Urspaung, H. : Major Problems in Developmental Biology, Academic Press, New York,

1966.

Verma, P.S. and Aggarwal, V.K. Chordate Embryology,(1997), S.Chand& Company Ltd.


xliii

Guidelines for the conduction of Practical Examination

Time Allowed : 3hrs Maximum Marks : 50

1. To Identify the developmental stage in the given permanent slide and to write two

identification point for each:

A. Frog : 3 slides 09

B. Chick : 3 slides 09

2. To identify the section of placenta ( 2 slides / Photomicrograph ) and to write a note on it

06

3. To identify the development Defect and to comment on it 6

4. Project 08

5. Practical record 06

6. Viva 06

CORE COURSE XIV

COURSE TITLE : EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY

COURSE CODE : ZOO (H) CC 114

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: To make the students understand the concept of origin of

life, Speciation and Evolution.

THEORY (Credits 4)








SECTION A

Unit 1: ( 7)

Life’s Beginnings: Chemogeny, RNA world, Biogeny, Origin of photosynthesis, Evolution of

eukaryotes

Unit 2: (4)

Historical review of evolutionary concept: Lamarckism, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism

Unit 3: ( 10)

Evidences of Evolution: Fossil record (types of fossils, transitional forms, geological

time scale, evolution of horse, Molecular (universality of genetic code and protein

synthesising machinery, three domains of life, neutral theory of molecular evolution,

molecular clock ,example of globin gene family, rRNA/cyt c

Unit 4: ( 8)


xliv

Sources of variations: Heritable variations and their role in evolution

Unit 5: (13)

Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg Law (statement and derivation of equation, application of law

to human Population); Evolutionary forces upsetting H-W equilibrium; Natural selection (concept of

fitness, selection coefficient, derivation of one unit of selection for a dominant allele, genetic load,

mechanism of working, types of selection, density-dependent selection, heterozygous superiority, kin

selection, adaptive resemblances, sexual selection. Genetic Drift (mechanism, founder’s effect,

bottleneck phenomenon; Role of Migration and Mutation in changing allele frequencies

Unit 6: 7

Product of evolution: Micro evolutionary changes (inter-population variations, clines, races, Species

concept, Isolating mechanisms, modes of speciation—allopatric, sympatric, Adaptive radiation /

macroevolution (exemplified by Galapagos finches)

Unit 7: 2

Extinctions, Back ground and mass extinctions (causes and effects), detailed example of K-T

extinction

Unit 8: 6

Origin and evolution of man, Unique hominin characteristics contrasted with primate characteristics,

primate phylogeny from Dryopithecus leading to Homo sapiens, molecular analysis of human origin

Unit 9: 2

Phylogenetic trees, Multiple sequence alignment, construction of phylogenetic trees, interpretation of

trees 2015


xlv

EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY


1. Study of fossils from models/ pictures

2. Study of homology and analogy from suitable specimens

3. Study and verification of Hardy-Weinberg Law by chi square analysis

4. Demonstration of role of natural selection and genetic drift in changing allele frequencies using

simulation studies

5. Study of Evolution of man and horse through charts / Models

6. Calculation of Gene frequency based on Hardy Weinberg Equation

7.Construction of phylogenetic trees

8. Visit to zoological museum/ fossil park.

Guidelines for the conduct of practical Examination


1. To identify the Analogy / Homology in the given two set of specimens and write a note on it.

5x2=10

2. Numerical Problem based on Hardy Weinberg Law 3x2=6

3. To identify the evolutionary stage in man/ horse and to write a note on it. 05

4. To identify the two fossils and to comment 3x2=6

5. To prepare phylogenetic tree. 05

6. Project 06


8. Viva 06

SUGGESTED READINGS

Ridley,M (2004) Evolution III Edition Blackwell publishing

Hall, B.K. and Hallgrimson, B (2008). Evolution IV Edition. Jones and Barlett Publishers.

Campbell, N.A. and Reece J.B (2011). Biology. IX Edition. Pearson, Benjamin, Cummings.

Douglas, J. Futuyma (1997). Evolutionary Biology. Sinauer Associates.

Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Principles of Genetics. V Edition. John Wiley and Sons

Inc

Pevsner, J (2009). Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics. II Edition Wiley-Blackwell

Rastogi V.B (2007). Organic Evolution, XI Edition. KedarNath Ram Nath, Delhi

Lull, R.S. (2011)Organic evolution.A text book. Nabu press.

Arora M.P. Organic evolution. 2000 Himalaya publishing house.

Gupta P.K( 1999). Cytology, genetics and evolution. Rastogi publications.

Tomar B.S. and Singh S.P. (2000) Evolutionary biology. Rastogi publications.

DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVES

III. ODD SEMESTER


xlvi

Sr No Course Code Course Title

1. ZOO (DSE) 301 Fundamentals of Entomology

2. ZOO (DSE) 302 Immunology

3. ZOO (DSE) 303 Research Methodology

4. ZOO (DSE) 304 Parasitology

5. ZOO (DSE) 305 Wild Life Conservation

IV. EVEN SEMESTER

Sr No Course Code Course Title

1. ZOO( DSE) 306

Economic Entomology and Pest

Management

2. ZOO( DSE) 307

Fish and Fisheries

3. ZOO( DSE) 308

Animal Biotechnology

4. ZOO( DSE) 309 Animal Behaviour and

chronobiology

5. ZOO( DSE) 310 Dissertation


xlvii

COURSE CODE : ZOO(DSE) 301

COURSE TITLE : FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTOMOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: To acquaint the students with the general morphology,

anatomy and physiology of an insect so that they can be able to identify the major economically

important insects.

THEORY (Credits 4)








SECTION – A

Unit I: Introduction : (5)

General Features of Insects Distribution and Success of Insects on the Earth

Unit II: Insect Taxonomy:(8)

Basis of insect classification; Classification of insects up to orders

Unit III: General Morphology of Insects : (12)

External Features: Head – Eyes, Types of antennae, Mouth parts w.r.t. feeding habits, Thorax: Wings

and wing articulation, Types of Legs adapted to diverse habitat, Abdominal appendages and genitalia

SECTION – B

Unit IV: Development of insects:(10)

Growth , Metamorphosis: Types and Hormonal control, Types of larvae, Types of pupae

Unit V: Unit IV: Physiology of Insects : (15)

Structure and physiology of Insect body systems - Integumentary, digestive, excretory, circulatory,

respiratory, endocrine, reproductive, and nervous system, Sensory receptors

Unit VI: Social Insects:(8)

Group of social insects and their social life , Social organization and social behaviour (w.r.t. Honey

Bee)


xlviii

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. A general text book of entomology, Imms , A. D., Chapman & Hall, UK

2. The Insects: Structure and function, Chapman, R. F., Cambridge University Press, UK

3. Principles of Insect Morphology, Snodgrass, R. E., Cornell Univ. Press, USA

4. Introduction to the study of insects, Borror, D. J., Triplehorn, C. A., and Johnson, N. F., M

Saunders College Publication, USA

5.The Insect Societies, Wilson, E. O., Harward Univ. Press, UK

6.Host Selection by Phytophagous insects, Bernays, E. A., and Chapman, R. F., Chapman and

Hall, New York, USA

7. Physiological system in Insects, Klowden, M. J., Academic Press, USA

8. The Insects, An outline of Entomology, Gullan, P. J. , and Cranston, P. S., Wiley Blackwell, UK

9. Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Nation, J. L., CRC Press, USA

10. A text book of entomology, Dr. Mathur and Dr. Upadhyay,Aman publishing house, Meerut

11. Modern Entomology, D. B. Tembhare, Himalaya publishing house

FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTOMOLOGY


1. Study of one specimen from each insect order

2. Study of different kinds of antennae of insects

3. Study of different kinds of legs of insects

4. Study of different kinds of mouth parts of insects

5. Study of head and sclerites of any one insect

6. Study of insect wings and their venation.

7. To dissect and study the anatomy of the insect ( cockroach )

.8. Methodology of collection, preservation and identification of insects.

9.Field study of insects and submission of a project report on the insect diversity

Guidelines for conduction of Examination

Time allowed : 4 hrs M.M. 50

1. To Identify the given slide A of permanent preparation of the mouth parts and write morphological

note on it 3

2. To identify the given leg of insect B and write a note on it. 04


xlix

3. To identify and classify the specimens C, D and E and write down one identifying feature of

each. 3 X 4= 12

4. To identify the given sysyem F and write its Physiology. 04

5. To identify the given Antennae of insect G and write a note on them 3

6. To demonstrate the given system of given specimen and draw a well labelled diagram and show

to the examiner. 08

7.Insect collection. 06

8.Practical note book. 05

9.Viva. 05


l

COURSE CODE: DSE (ZOO)302

COURSE TITLE: IMMUNOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER: To acquaint the students with the understanding of human

immune system, its disorders and the basic immunological techniques.

THEORY (Credits 4)








SECTION A

Unit 1: Overview of Immune System 10

Historical perspective of Immunology, Early theories of Immunology, Cells and

organs of the Immune system

Unit 2: Innate and Adaptive Immunity 10

Anatomical barriers, Inflammation, Cell and molecules involved in innate

immunity, Adaptive immunity (Cell mediated and humoral), Passive: Artificial

and natural Immunity, Active: Artificial and natural Immunity, Immune

dysfunctions (brief account of autoimmunity with reference to Rheumatoid

Arthritis and tolerance, AIDS).

Unit 3: Antigens 8

Antigenicity and immunogenicity, Immunogens, Adjuvants and haptens, Factors

influencing immunogenicity, B and T-Cell epitopes

Unit 4: Immunoglobulins 10

Structure and functions of different classes of immunoglobulins, Antigenantibody

interactions, Immunoassays (ELISA and RIA), Polyclonal sera,

Hybridoma technology: Monoclonal antibodies in therapeutics and diagnosis

SECTION B

Unit 5: Major Histocompatibility Complex 6

Structure and functions of MHC molecules. Endogenous and exogenous pathways

of antigen processing and presentation

Unit 6: Cytokines 4

Properties and functions of cytokines, Therapeutics Cytokines

Unit 7: Complement System 4

Components and pathways of complement activation.

Unit 8: Hypersensitivity 3


li

Gell and Coombs’ classification and brief description of various types of

Hypersensitivities

Unit 9: Vaccines 5

Various types of vaccines.

IMMUNOLOGY PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1.Histological study of primary and secondary lymphoid organs through slides/photographs

3. Preparation of stained blood film to study various types of blood cells.

4. Ouchterlony’s double immuno-diffusion method.

5. ABO blood group determination.

6. Demonstration of :

a. ELISA

b. Immunoelectrophoresis

7. Study of the autoimmune disease: Rheumatoid arthritis, Scleroderma, Lupus , Psoriasis, Grave’s

disease.

8. Visit to immunological research lab.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Kindt, T. J., Goldsby, R.A., Osborne, B. A. and Kuby, J (2006). Immunology, VI Edition.

W.H. Freeman and Company.

David, M., Jonathan, B., David, R. B. and Ivan R. (2006). Immunology, VII Edition, Mosby,

Elsevier Publication.

Abbas, K. Abul and Lechtman H. Andrew (2003.) Cellular and Molecular Immunology. V

Edition. Saunders Publication.

Instructions for conduction of practical exam


1. Identify two given histological slides and write two identification points for each. 2x2=4

2. To perform the given experiments I and II from the syllabus. Write the principle, procedure and

demonstrate it to the examiner. 10x2=20

3. To identify the given autoimmune diseases (through picture/models) to write the cause and

symptoms note on it . 5X2=10

4. Visit of research lab 06

5. Viva 05



COURSE TITLE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER: This undergraduate course provides a comprehensive introduction

to research proposal writing, research methodologies, and foundational research theories and

protocols. Students in the course learn about the cyclical nature of applied research and the iterative

process of research writing. The curriculum is sequential, helping students to identify a study topic,

formulate inquiry questions, organize a literature review, and select appropriate research designs and

methodologies. By the end of the course, students will be able to write a research proposal that

includes an introduction, problem statement (significance of study), literature review, methods

section, references, and a project timeline.

THEORY


lii

THEORY (Credits 4)








SECTION A

Unit 1. Research Methodology: Meaning of Research, Objectives of Research, Types of Research,

Research Approaches, Significance of Research, Research and Scientific Method, Criteria of Good

Research, Problems Encountered by Researchers in India, Research Process (an overview).

08

Unit 2. Survey and Review of Literature: Importance of literature survey, procedure (methods and

tools) of literature collection. Guidelines for writing review of literature. 06

Unit 3. Research Problem and Research Proposal: Selecting the Problem, Necessity of Defining

the Problem Technique Involved in Defining a Problem, an Illustration. Composition of a research

proposal. Criteria for a good research proposal. 06

Unit 4. Research Design and Data collection: Meaning of Research Design, Need for Research

Design. Features of a Good Design, Important Concepts Relating to Research Design, Different

Research Designs, Basic Principles of Experimental Designs, Developing a Research Plan. Primary

and Secondary data. Data classification and Tabulation. 06

SECTION B

Unit 5. Sampling Design: Census and Sample Survey, Implications of a Sample Design, Steps in

Sampling Design, Criteria of Selecting a Sampling Procedure, Characteristics of a Good Sample

Design, Different Types of Sampling Designs (Completely randomized design, randomized block

design, latin square design, factorial designs). 08

Unit 6. Data Analysis, Interpretation and Presentation: An introduction to Statistical Methods of

Data analysis. Computer Processing in data analysis. Interpretation and Presentation of Results

(Tables and graphs). 8

Unit 7. Research Report Writing: Research Report Composition. Style manuals. Bibliography

(importance and reference styles). 8

UNIT 7. Ethical Issues in Research: Intellectual property rights, and Plagiarism. Ethics related to

research participants and researchers: Copyright, Royalty, Patent law, citation, Acknowledgement

10

SUGGESTED READINGS:


liii

Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, New Age International

Publishers, New Delhi

Arya., P.P. and Pal, Y. (2001), Research Methodology in Management: Theory and Case Studies,

Deep and Deep Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

Robert A. Day (1998), How To Write & Publish a Scientific Paper. Oryx Press; 5 edition

Frank D. Bell (1995), Basic Biostatistics: Concepts for the Health Sciences. William C. Brown

Suresh C. Sinha and Anil K. Dhiman, (2002), Research Methodology (2 Vols-Set) Vedams Books

(P) Ltd.

Anthony, M, Graziano, A.M. and Raulin, M.L. 2009. Research Methods: A Process of Inquiry,

Allyn and Bacon.

Walliman, N. 2011.Research Methods- The Basics. Taylor and Francis, London,

New York. Wadhera, B.L.: Law Relating to Patents, Trade Marks, Copyright Designs and

Geographical Indications, 2002, Universal Law publishing

Coley, S.M. and Scheinberg, C.A. 1990, “Proposal writing”. Sage Publications.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (PRACTICALS) CREDIT 2

1. Collection of literature on the given research topic and writing a short review for the same.

2. Preparation of research proposal.

3. Preparation of questionnaire.

4. Write a chapter on materials and methods for the given experiment.

5. Write a research report with emphasis on data presentation, interpretation and bibliography.

6. Check the given literature for plagiarism with the plagiarism check tools.


Time Allowed : 4hrs Maximum marks: 50

1. To present the given data as histogram / pie chart/ graph /Table 5

2. To write bibliography in the given style 5

3. To prepare the questionnaire on the given research problem 10

4. Submission and presentation of research proposal 25

5. Viva 05

COURSE CODE: ZOO (DSE ) 304

COURSE TITLE: PARASITOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To understand the morphology , lifecycle , prevalence and

pathogenicity of various animal parasites .

THEORY (Credits 4)

Time Allowed: 3 hrs Maximum Marks: 100

Pass Percentage: 40% External Evaluation: 75

Internal Assessmemt: 25






liv

Section A

Unit I: Introduction to Parasitology

Brief introduction of Parasitism, Parasite, Parasitoid and Vectors (mechanical and biological vector)

Host parasite relationship

Unit II: Parasitic Protists

Study of Morphology, Life Cycle, Prevalence, Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis

and Treatment of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Trypanosoma gambiense, Leishmania

donovani, Plasmodium vivax

Unit III: Parasitic Platyhelminthes


and Treatment of Fasciolopsis buski, Schistosoma haematobium, Taenia solium and Hymenolepis

nana

Section B

Unit IV: Parasitic Nematodes


and Treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Wuchereria bancrofti and

Trichinella spiralis. Study of structure, life cycle and importance of Meloidogyne (root knot

nematode), Pratylencus (lesion nematode)

Unit IV: Parasitic Arthropoda

Biology, importance and control of ticks, mites, Pediculus humanus (head and body louse),

Xenopsylla cheopis and Cimex lectularius

Unit V: Parasitic Vertebrates

A brief account of parasitic vertebrates; Cookicutter Shark, Candiru, Hood Mockingbird and Vampire

bat

PARASITOLOGY

PRACTICALS(Credits 2)

1. Study of life stages of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Trypanosoma gambiense,

Leishmania donovani and Plasmodium vivax through permanent slides/micro photographs.

2. Study of adult and life stages of helminthes Fasciolopsis buski, Schistosoma haematobium,

Taenia solium and Hymenolepis nana through permanent slides/micro photographs

3. Study of adult and life stages of nematodes Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale,

Wuchereria bancrofti and Trichinella spiralis through permanent slides/micro photographs

4. Study of plant parasitic root knot nematode, Meloidogyne from the soil sample

5. Study of Pediculus humanus (Head louse and Body louse), Xenopsylla cheopis and Cimex

lectularius through permanent slides/ photographs

6. Study of monogenea from the gills of fresh/marine fish [Gills can be procured from fish

market as by product of the industry]

7. Study of nematode/cestode parasites from the intestines of Poultry bird [Intestine can be

procured from poultry/market as a by product]

8. Submission of a brief report on parasitic vertebrates.

Guidelines for conduction of Practical examination


lv

Time Allowed: 3hrs Maximum marks: 50

1. To identify given parasites A, B, C and D from permanent stained slide. Write disease cause

and two identification points for each. 4x4=16

2. To identify parasite ‘E’ from root of the infected plant 04

3. To identify given parasites F and G 05

4. To identify H parasite from given sample (gills of fish/ intestine of poultry) 05

5. Project report 10

6. Viva voce 05

7. Practical file 05

SUGGESTED READINGS

Arora, D. R and Arora, B. (2001) Medical Parasitology. II Edition. CBSPublications and

Distributors

E.R. Noble and G.A. Noble (1982) Parasitology: The biology of animal parasites. V Edition,

Lea & Febiger

Ahmed, N., Dawson, M., Smith, C. and Wood, Ed. (2007) Biology of Disease. Taylor and

Francis Group

Parija, S. C. Textbook of medical parasitology, protozoology & helminthology

(Text and colour Atlas), II Edition, All India Publishers & Distributers, Medical

Books Publishers, Chennai, Delhi Rattan Lal Ichhpujani and Rajesh Bhatia. Medical

Parasitology, III Edition, JaypeeBrothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi

Meyer, Olsen & Schmidt's Essentials of Parasitology, Murray, D. Dailey, W. C. Brown

Publishers

K. D. Chatterjee (2009). Parasitology: Protozoology and Helminthology. XIII

Edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors (P) Ltd.

COURSE CODE : DSE(ZOO)305

COURSE TITLE : WILD LIFE CONSERVATION.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER : To educate the students about the importance of wild life, threats

to wild life , its conservation and management and the important Environment and wild life policies

and laws.

THEORY (Credits 4)








SECTION A


lvi

Unit 1: Introduction to Wild Life : Biodiversity and its importance, What is wild life, Importance

of wildlife conservation , Objectives of conservation of wildlife, Conservation strategies.

Unit 2: Population Estimation: Population Density, natality, mortality, survivorship curves, age

ratio, sex ratio, fertility schedules, survivorship curve .

Faecal Analysis of ungulates and carnivores, Faecal samples, Hair identification, Pug marks and

census method

Unit-3: Wildlife of India :

Different types with references to animals, causes of depletion, Need of conservation of wildlife.

Unit-4: Wildlife conservation and management:

Types of wildlife Conservation (In Situ and Ex Situ),

Location and Important fauna of the sanctuaries and national parks of India.

SECTION B

Unit 5: Wildlife Projects in India : Importance of Wild life Projects, Major wildlife projects in

India (a) Project tiger, (b) Gir Lion Sanctuary Project, (c) Crocodile Breeding Project and (d) Project

Hangul (e) Project One Horned Rhinoceros.

Unit – 6: Environmental Policies and Laws:

Willife (Protection) Act, 1972

The Forest (Protection) Act, 1980

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Biodiversity Act, 2002

Unit– 7: Zoogeography Scope and importance of zoogeography, Divisions and the distribution of the

vertebrates in the Palaearctic, Oriental, Ethiopian, Nearctic, Neotropical and Australian regions.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Caughley, G., and Sinclair, A.R.E. (1994). Wildlife Ecology and Management. Blackwell

Science.

Bookhout, T.A. (1996). Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and

Habitats,5 th edition. The Wildlife Society, Allen Press.

Sutherland, W.J. (2000). The Conservation Handbook: Research, Management and

Policy. Blackwell Sciences

Hunter M.L., Gibbs, J.B. and Sterling, E.J. (2008). Problem-Solving in Conservation

Biology and Wildlife Management: Exercises for Class, Field, and Laboratory.

Blackwell Publishing.

Dasmann, R. F., ( 1982 ), Wildlife Biology, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.


lvii

Fulbright, Timothy, E. and Hewitt, D. G. (2008). Wildlife Science: Linking Ecological

Theory and Management Applications. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis : BocaRaton, F L.

Giles, R. H. (1984), Wildlife Management Techniques, Natraj Publishers, Dehradun.

Gopal, R. ( 1992), Fundamental of Wildlife management Justice Home Allahabad.

Negi, S. S. ( 1995 ), Hand Book of National Park, Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reservoirs in

India, Indus publishing Co., New Delhi

Prater, S. H. (1980), The Book of Indian Animals, Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay.

13. Saharia, V. P. (1982), Wildlife in India, Natraj Publisher, Dehradun.

Tirvedi, P.R. and Singh, U. K. ( 1996 ), Environmental Laws of Wildlife.

Bhaskar, Harsh Vardhan (2005), Animal Ecology, Campus books international , New Delhi.

Joshi P.C. and Joshi Namita (2015), Ecology and Environment, Himalaya publishing house,

Mumbai.

WILD LIFE CONSERVATION


1. Studyof any five endangered/ threatened species.

2. Study of basic equipment needed in wild life studies : Compass, Binoculars, Radio telemetry,

Global positioning system

3. Plotting of the three types of survivorship curves from the hypothetical data.

4. Study of wildlife population estimation methods: Complete and Incomplete counts( through

videos )

5. Study of the Location and Important fauna of various sanctuaries and national parks of India.

6. Study of the distribution of animals through zoogeographical maps

7. Preparation of Zoogeographical charts.

8. A visit to a zoological park to study different wild animals and make a report

Guidelines for conduction of Examination

Time allowed : 4 hrs

M.M. 50

1. To identify the Endangered/ threatened species of the given specimen A, B and C and write a

note on it. 3X 4=12

2. To plot the survivorship from the data given. 5

3. Write short note on the given method of wild life population estimation. 4

4. To identify the equipment used in wild life studies and to write a note on it 5

5. To identify the given Zoogeographical area given . Write a note on it. 4

6. Write short note on the given Sanctuary / National park of India. 4

7. Project on wild life 6


9. Viva 5

COURSE CODE : ZOO (DSE ) 305

COURSE TITLE : ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY AND PEST MANAGEMENT

THEORY (Credits 4)


lviii

Time Allowed : 3 hrs Maximaum Marks : 100



OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER : Students will gain an understanding of the impacts of arthropods

of economic importance particularly in agriculture, emphasizing tactics and strategies employed in the

management of pest species and the utilization of beneficial species.

Section: A

Unit I: Systematic position, habits , nature of damage along with life cycle and control measures.of

the following pests of Sugarcane :

1. Sugarcane leaf hopper (Pyrilia perpusila)

2. Sugarcane top borer (Scirpophaga nivella)

3. Sugarcane stem borer (Chilotrea infuscatellus)

Unit II:Systematic position, habits , nature of damage along with life cycle and control measures.of

the following pests of Cotton :

1. Pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) alongwith life cycle and control measures.

2. Red cotton bug (Dysdercus cinglulatus)

3. Cotton grey weevil (Myllocerus maculosus)

Unit III: Systematic position, habits , nature of damage along with life cycle and control measures.of

the following pests of Paddy :

1. Rice Gundhy Bug (Leptocorisa varicornis) alongwith life cycle and control measures.

2. Rice grasshopper (Hieroglyphyus banian)

3. Rice Hispa (Dicladispa armigera)

Unit IV: Systematic position, habits , nature of damage along with life cycle and control measures.of

the following pests of Wheat :

1. Wheat stem borer (Sesamia inferens) alongwith life cycle and control measures.

2. Termites

3. Aphids, Jassids

Unit V:Systematic position, habits , nature of damage along with life cycle and control measures.of

the following pests of Vegetables :

1. Red pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora foveicollis)

2. Pumpkin fruit fly (Dacus cucurbitae) alongwith life cycle and control measures.


lix

3. Hadda beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata

Unit VI: Pests of Stored Grains : Systematic position, habits and nature of damage of the following

pests of stored grains :

1. Pulse Beetle (Callosobruchus maculates) along with life cycle and control.

2. Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae)

3. Lesser grain borer (Rhizopertha dominica)

Unit VII: Systematic position, disease caused and control of the following insects of Medical and

Veterinary importance :

1. Mosquitoes

2. House fly (Musca domestica) along with life cycle of house fly.

3. Blow fly (Calliphora erythrocephala)

Section: B

Unit VIII: Sericulture:

Species of silkworm,Requirements of Sericulture Industry,Grain age Management, Pre and Post-

cocoon processing ,Diseases of silkworm.

Unit IX : Apiculture:

Species of Honeybees,Flora for Apiculture,Methods & Appliances of Bee Keeping

Products - (a) Honey (b) Bee wax (c) Propolis (d) Pollen (e) Royal Jelly (f) Bee Venom

Diseases of Honey bee

Unit X :Lac Culture :

Species of Lac Insect ,Host Plants,Cultivation of Lac ,Processing of Lac, Diseases.

Unit XI:

Chemical Control :

History; Types and Classification of Insecticides

(a) Insecticides of plant origin with special reference to nicotine; Pyrethrum; and Azadirachtin

(b) Chlorinated Hydrocarbon insecticides with special reference to DDT; BNC; Chlordane; and

Endosulfan

(c) Organophosphorus Insecticides with special reference to Malathion; TEPP; Parathion .

(d) Carbamate Insecticides with reference to Carbaryl and Carbofuran


lx

(e) Fumigants with reference to Hydrogen cyanide; Methyl bromide; and Aluminium phosphide.

Unit XII

Biological Control : History; Techniques in biological control, Agents of biological Control

(a) Vertebrates (b) Nemathelminthes (c) Arthropods (d) Protozoan; Microbial control with the help of

Bacteria, Virus and Fungi.

Recent Methods of Pest Control :

(a) Sterile insect release methods

(b) Behavioural control involving use of Pheromones





SUGGESTED BOOKS

1. Attwal, A.S. : Agricultural Pests of India and South East Asia, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi

(1991).

2. Nair, M.R.G.K. : Insects and Mites of Crops in India, ICAR, New Delhi (1975).

3. Kumar, A. & Nigam,P.M. : Economic and Applied Entomology, Emkay Publications (1991).

4. Matheson, R. : Medical Entomology, Comstock Publishing Company, Inc. (1950).

5. Metcalf , R.L. & Metcalf, R.A. : Destructive and Useful Insects, McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc.

New York, Toronto, London (1951).

6. Dent, D. : Integrated Pest Management, Chapman & Hal, London, NewYork,Tokyo, Madras(1995).

7. House, P., Sevens, I. and Jones, O. : Insect Pheromones and their use in Pest Management,

Chapman & Hall, London, New York, Tokyo, Madras (1998).

8. Mishra, R.C. : Honey Bees and their Management in India, ICAR Publication NewDelhi, (1995).

PRACTICAL( Credit 2 )

1. External morphology and identification marks of the crops and vegetables pests : Pyrilla perpusilla

(Sugarcane leaf hopper), Pectinophora gossypiella (Pink bollworm), Leptocorisa varicornis (Gundhy

bug) Hieroglyphus banian (Paddy grass hopper).

2. External morphology and identification marks of the following stored grain pests : Sitophilus

oryzae (Rice weevil), Tribolium castaneum (Rustred flour beetle), Rhizopertha dominica (Lesser grain

borer/susri), Callosobruchus maculatus (Pulse beetle/Dhora).

3. External morphology and identification marks of the following insects of Medical/Veterinary

importance-Mosquitoes (Culex, Anopheles and Aedes), house fly, blow fly, warble fly, and horse fly.


lxi

4. A study of life stages of silk worm and honey bees.

5. Collection of insects representing different orders; storage and preservation of insect material.

6. Structure and working of common sprayers : Hand Compression sprayer, Knap sack sprayer.

7. Visit to apiary and godowns for study of infestation.

Guidelines for the conduct of practical Exam

Maximum Marks :50 Time Allowed:4hrs

Pass Marks : 40%

1. To identify specimens A, B , C, D E and F of crop pest, stored grain pest and insects of

medical importance respectively, giving one outstanding morphological character and one

identifying feature of each, mentioning scientific name and economic importance. 6x4=24

2. To identify given two larva/Pupa F and write a note on external morphology. 6

3. To name the apparatus provide and explain its structure and functioning 4

4. Project 6


6.Viva 5

COURSE CODE: ZOO (DSE) 307

COURSE TITLE: FISH AND FISHERIES

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : The course is designed to make the student able to identify the

fish on the basis of general morphology and the techniques and challenges of aquaculture .

THEORY (Credits 4)


External Evaluation: 75

Internal Assessmemt: 25





Section A

Unit : I Outline classification of Teleostei fishes with special reference to the following

orders( General Characters of the order with two examples in each) : Ceratodontiformes,

Lepidosueniformes, Acipensiformes, Amiiformes, Semionotiformes, Clupeiformes,

Cyprinodontiformes, Perciformes, Anguilliformes, Beloniformes, Gasterosteiformes,

Gadiformes, Pleuronectiformes, Tetradontiformes, Echeiniformes, Ophiocephaliformes


lxii

Unit: II General morphology of fish; types of fin and their modifications; Types of scale,

uses of scales in determination of age; Coloration: chromatophores, pigments and biological

significance of coloration in fish; Bioluminescence in fish and its significance; Electric

organs, their structure and use in fish; Structure, modification and function of gills; Air

breathing- accessory organs; Swim bladder-role in respiration buoyancy and osmoregulation;

schooling, parental care and migration in fish

Section B

Unit : III Inland Fisheries; Marine Fisheries; Environmental factors influencing the fish

farming; Fishing crafts and Gears; Depletion of fisheries resources; Application of remote

sensing and GIS in fisheries; Fisheries law and regulations

Unit: IV Sustainable Aquaculture; Extensive, semi-intensive and intensive culture of fish;

cage culture; Polyculture; Composite fish culture; Induced breeding of fish; Management of

finfish hatcheries, Brood stock; Preparation of compound diets for fish; Role of water quality

in aquaculture; Preservation and processing of harvested fish, Fishery by-products;

Biochemical composition of fish; Nutritional value of fish; Poisoning toxicity and allergies

from fish as food; Fish preservation; Fish diseases- Bacterial, viral and parasitic.


1. Study of Petromyzon, Myxine, Pristis, Chimaera, Exocoetus, Hippocampus,

Gambusia, Labeo, Heteropneustes, Anabas

2. Study of different types of scales (through permanent slides/ photographs).

3. Study of crafts and gears used in Fisheries through charts/photographs

4. Water quality criteria for Aquaculture: Assessment of pH, conductivity, Total

solids, Total dissolved solids

5. Study of air breathing organs in Channa, Anabas and Clarias through videos/ photographs

6. Demonstration of induced breeding in Fishes (video)

7. Demonstration of parental care in fishes (video)

8. Project Report on a visit to any fish farm/ pisciculture unit/Zebrafish rearing

Lab.

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Jhingran, V.G. 1978, Fish and Fisheries of India, Hindustan Publishing House (India), New Delhi,

India.

2. Talwar, P.K., Jhingran, A.G. 1991, Inland Fishes of India, Vols I & II,. Oxford & IBH, New

Delhi, India.

3. Karl, F. L., Win, C. 1969, Freshwater Fishery Biology, Brown Company Publication, Iowa.

4. Moyel, P.B; J.J. Jr., Cech. 1988, Fishes: An introduction to ichthyology, Prentice Hall,

Englewood, Ciffs, N.J.

5. Nelson, J.S., 1976, Fish of the World, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

6. Biswas, S.P. 2002, Fundamentals of Ichtyology, Narendra Publishing House, Delhi, India.


lxiii

7. Jayaram, K.C., 1999, The fresh water fishes of the Indian origian region, Narendra Publishing

House, Delhi, India.

8. Tyagi, R; Shukla, A. 2002. Encyclopedia of Fish Series, Adaptations in Fishes, 1st Edition.

Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.

9. Miller, S.A., Harley, J.P. 2005, Zoology. 6th Edition, McGraw Hill Publications, New York.

10. Weichert, C.K., 1965. Anatomy of the Chordates, 3rd Edition. McGraw Hill Publications, New

York.

11. Q Bone and R Moore, Biology of Fishes, Talyor and Francis Group, CRC Press, U.K.

12. D. H. Evans and J. D. Claiborne, The Physiology of Fishes, Taylor and Francis Group, CRC

Press, UK von der Emde, R.J. Mogdans and B.G. Kapoor.The Senses of Fish: Adaptations for the

Reception of Natural Stimuli, Springer, Netherlands

13. C.B.L. Srivastava, Fish Biology, Narendra Publishing House

14. S.S. Khanna and H.R. Singh, A text book of Fish Biology and Fisheries, Narendra Publishing

House.

Guidelines for conduction of Practical examination

Time Allowed: 3hrs Maximum marks: 50

1.To identify given specimen A, B and C. Write two identification points. 3x3=09

2. To identify type of fish scale ‘D’. Draw the structure of the identified scale. 03

3. To identify given fishing craft/gear ‘E’. Write a brief note on it. 05

4. To identify the type of breathing organ of given specimen ‘F’ and write a brief note on it.

03

5. Write note on parental care/migration in fish ‘G’. 04

6. Write principal and procedure for the assessment of water quality for fish culture. 06


8. Viva voce 05

9. Practical file 05

COURSE CODE :ZOO(DSE)308

ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To acquaint the students with the molecular techniques of

gene manipulation and their applications.

THEORY (Credits )




SECTION A

Unit 1. Introduction 8

Concept and scope of biotechnology


lxiv

Unit 2. Molecular Techniques in Gene manipulation 24

Cloning vectors: Plasmids, Cosmids, Phagemids, Lambda Bacteriophage,

M13, BAC, YAC, MAC and Expression vectors (characteristics). Restriction enzymes:

Nomenclature, detailed study of Type II. Transformation techniques: Calcium chloride method and

electroporation. Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries and screening by colony and

plaque hybridization Southern, Northern and Western blotting DNA sequencing: Sanger method

Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA Finger Printing and DNA micro array

SECTION B

Unit 3. Genetically Modified Organisms 18

Production of cloned and transgenic animals: Nuclear Transplantation, Retroviral Method, DNA

microinjection Applications of transgenic animals: Production of pharmaceuticals,

production of donor organs, knock out mice. Production of transgenic plants: Agrobacterium

mediated transformation. Applications of transgenic plants: insect and herbicide resistant plants

.

Unit 4. Culture Techniques and Applications 10

Animal cell culture, Expressing cloned genes in mammalian cells, Molecular

diagnosis of genetic diseases (Cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell anemia) Recombinant DNA in medicines:

Recombinant insulin and human growth hormone, Gene therapy





ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY


1. Genomic DNA isolation from E. coli

2. Plasmid DNA isolation (pUC 18/19) from E. coli

3. Restriction digestion of plasmid DNA.

4. Construction of circular and linear restriction map from the data

provided.

5. Calculation of transformation efficiency from the data provided..

6. To study following techniques through photographs

a. Southern Blotting

b. Northern Blotting

c. Western Blotting

d. DNA Sequencing (Sanger's Method)

e. PCR

f. DNA fingerprinting

7. Project report on animal cell culture

SUGGESTED READINGS

Brown, T.A. (1998). Molecular Biology Labfax II: Gene Cloning and DNAmAnalysis. II

Edition, Academic Press, California, USA.

Glick, B.R. and Pasternak, J.J. (2009). Molecular Biotechnology - Principles and

Applications of Recombinant DNA. IV Edition, ASM press, Washington, USA.

Griffiths, A.J.F., J.H. Miller, Suzuki, D.T., Lewontin, R.C. and Gelbart, W.M.(2009). An

Introduction to Genetic Analysis. IX Edition. Freeman and Co., N.Y.,USA


lxv

Snustad, D.P. and Simmons, M.J. (2009). Principles of Genetics. V Edition, John Wiley and

Sons Inc.

Watson, J.D., Myers, R.M., Caudy, A. and Witkowski, J.K. (2007). Recombinant DNA-

Genes and Genomes- A Short Course. III Edition, Freeman and Co., N.Y.,USA.

Beauchamp, T.I. and Childress, J.F. (2008). Principles of Biomedical Ethics. VI Edition,

Oxford University Press.


Maximum Marks :50 Time Allowed:4hrs

Pass Marks : 40%

1. To write the principle and working of the given two Techniques 10

2. To Construction restriction map from the data provided 5

3. To Calculate the transformation efficiency from the data provided. 5

4. To perform the given Experiment, and demonstrate to the examiner 10


6 .Practical record 5

7. Viva 5


COURSE TITLE: ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR AND CHRONOBIOLOGY

COURSE OBJECTIVE: Behaviour is one of the most important and interesting aspects of animal

biology. Behaviours permit flexibility that allows animals to respond rapidly to environmental

changes. This course exposes students to the broad field of animal behaviour. Students will come to

understand the historical foundations of the field, current theories and major concepts for a broad

range of behavioural topics. Students will learn how animals learn and communicate with each other,

then move on to discuss how they find food, avoid predators, choose their mates, and rear their

offspring.

THEORY (Credits 4)


Pass Percentage: 40% External Evaluation: 75

Internal Assessment: 25

NOTE: Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each from respective sections of the

syllabus. Each question will be of 12 marks each. Section C will be comprised of nine compulsory

questions (Short answer type questions) covering the entire syllabus and will carry 3 marks each. The

candidate will attempt two questions each from section A and B; and entire Section C.

SECTION A

Unit 1: Introduction to Animal Behavior

Origin, history and branches of Ethology; Brief profiles of ethologists (Karl Von Frish, Ivan Pavlov,

Konrad Lorenz, Niko Tinbergen); Proximate and ultimate causes of behaviour; Basic concepts of

ethology (Motivation, Fixed action patterns, sign stimulus); Methods and recording of a behaviour.

Unit 2: Patterns of Behaviour


lxvi

Stereotyped Behaviours (Orientations, Reflexes, Echolocation in bats, Sun compass orientation in

bees); Individual Behavioural patterns; Innate and Learned Behaviour; Associative learning, classical

and operant conditioning, Habituation, Imprinting, insight learning.

Unit 3: Social and Sexual Behaviour

Social Behaviour: types of social interactions (solitary, pair, family, harem, matriarchy, oligarchy,

aggregation); Concept of Society; Communication and the senses; Altruism,

cooperation/reciprocation, selfishness, eusociality; Insects’ society (with Honey bee as example,

Foraging in honey bee and advantages of the waggle dance); Monkey society.

Sexual Behaviour: Asymmetry of sex, Sexual dimorphism, Mate choice, Intra-sexual selection (male

rivalry), Inter-sexual selection (female choice), Sexual conflict in parental care.

SECTION B

Unit 4: Animal communication and Parental behaviour

Animal communication: visual releasers, auditory releasers, chemical communication (pheromones,

scent marking), tactile communication.

Parental Behaviour: Factors affecting parental care; types of parental care; parent-offspring conflict.

Unit 5: Introduction to Chronobiology

Historical developments in chronobiology; Biological oscillation: the concept of Average, amplitude,

phase and period. Adaptive significance of biological clocks; Chronopharmacology, Chronomedicine,

Chronotherapy.

Unit 6: Biological Rhythm

Types and characteristics of biological rhythms: Short- and Long- term rhythms; Circadian rhythms;

Tidal rhythms and Lunar rhythms; Concept of synchronization and masking; Photic and non-photic

zeitgebers; Circannual rhythms; Photoperiod and regulation seasonal reproduction of vertebrates.

SUGGESTED READINGS:

1. Alcock John. 2005 Animal Behaviour. An Evolutionary Approach (8th Edition)

2. Alcock, J. (1998), Animal behaviour, An evolutionary approach Sinauer Assoc., Sunderland,

Mass, USA.

3. Drickamer, L. C. and Vessey, S. H. (1986), Animal Behaviour - Concepts, Processes and

Methods. (2nd ed.), Wordsworth Publ. Co., California.

4. Goodenough, J., McGurie and Wallace, R. A. (2001), Perspective on animal behaviour. John

Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.

5. Huntingford F. (1984), The study of animal Behaviour, Chapman and Hall, London.

6. Manning, A. and Dawkins, M. S. (1992 & 1998), An Introduction to Animal Behaviour, 4th ed.(

Cambridge low price editions ). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

7. Manning, A. (1979), An Introduction to Animal Behaviour, 3rd Edition. The English Language

Book Society and Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd.

8. McFarland, D. (1985 & 1999), Animal Behaviour. Pitman Publishing Ltd. London.

9. Paul W. Sherman and John Alcock, Exploring Animal Behaviour, Sinauer Associate Inc.,

Massachusetts, USA.

10. Chronobiology-Biological Timekeeping: Jay. C. Dunlap, Jennifer. J. Loros, Patricia J. DeCoursey

(ed). 2004, Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers, Sunderland, MA, USA


lxvii

11. Vinod Kumar (2002) Biological Rhythms: Narosa Publishing House, Delhi/ Springer-Verlag,

Germany.

ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR AND CHRONOBIOLOGY


To study nests and nesting habits of the birds and social insects.

To study geotaxis behaviour in earthworm/grain or pulse pests.

To study the grooming behavior of Cockroach.

To study the phototaxis behaviour in insect larvae.

Visit to Forest/ Wild life Sanctuary/Biodiversity Park/Zoological Park to study behavioural

activities of animals and prepare a short report.

Food preference in Tribolium or any other grain pest.

Study of circadian functions in humans (daily eating, sleep and temperature patterns).

Web construction and habituation in spider.

Courtship in ring dove/pigeons.

Use of videos to Study the

a) Grooming behaviour in cockroach.

b) Tarsal response in butterfly/housefly.

c) Equilibrium study on housefly.

d) Effect of temperature on opercular movement in fish

PRACTICAL GUIDELINES:


1. Write down principle, procedure and precautions for the given experiment A. Also perform the

experiment and show the results to the examiner. 10

2. Write down principle, procedure and precautions for the given experiment B. 7

3. Identify the nest C and write a note on the same. 5

4. Body rhythm chart (for one month) of the student. 8

5. Project 10 10

6. Practical Note book

7. Viva Voce 5


lxviii

GENERIC ELECTIVE

COURSE CODE(ZOO GE 02)

COURSE TITLE: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: To acquaint the students with the understanding of

fundamentals of physiology of the human system.

THEORY (CREDITS 4)

Time Allowed : 3 Hrs. Maximum Marks : 100

Internal Assesment:25


NOTE : Examiner will set two sections A and B of four questions each from respective sections

of the syllabus of 12 marks each and Section C of compulsory questions ( Short answer type ) of

27 marks covering the entire syllabus. The candidate will attempt two questions each from

section A and B ; and entire Section C.

SECTION A

Unit 1: Digestion and Absorption of Food

Structure and function of digestive glands; Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, fats and

proteins; Nervous and hormonal control of digestion (in brief)

Unit 2: Nervous Tissue

Structure of neuron, Propagation of nerve impulse (myelinated and non-myelinated nerve

fibre); Propagation of nerve impulse through synapse

Unit 3: Structure of skeletal muscle, Mechanism of muscle contraction (Sliding filament theory),

Neuromuscular junction

Unit 4: Respiratory Physiology

Ventilation, External and internal Respiration, Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in

blood, Factors affecting transport of gases.

SECTION B

Unit 5: Renal Physiology

Functional anatomy of kidney, Mechanism and regulation of urine formation,

Unit 6: Cardiovascular Physiology

Composition of Blood. Structure of heart, Generation and propagation of heart beat, Cardiac cycle,

ECG

Unit 7: Endocrine Physiology

Structure and function of endocrine glands :pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas,

adrenal, ovaries, and testes.

Unit 8 :Reproductive Physiology

Spermatogenesis and oogenesis, Menstrual cycle..

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY


1. Enumeration of red blood cells and white blood cells using haemocytometer

2. Estimation of haemoglobin using Sahli’shaemoglobinometer

4.Determination of Differential White blood corpuscles in human blood

5. Determination of Bleeding and clotting time of blood.

6.To observe the coagulation of blood.

7.To prepare Haemin crystal


lxix

8. To determine the blood groups in man

9.Examination of permanent histological sections of mammalian oesophagus, stomach,

duodenum, rectum, lung, kidney, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, testis, ovary.



1.Identification of the given 5 permanent slides and to write two identification points for each.

5x2=10

2. To perform the given physiology experiments I, II ( major ) and III ( Minor ) and to write the

principle, observation and conclusion

10+10+5 =25

3. Project 05

4.Note Book 05

5.Viva 05

SUGGESTED READINGS

Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII Edition, John

Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Widmaier, E.P., Raff, H. and Strang, K.T. (2008). Vander’s Human Physiology, XI Edition,

McGraw Hill.

Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2011). Textbook of Medical Physiology, XII Edition, Harcourt

Asia Pvt. Ltd/ W.B. Saunders Company.

Marieb, E. (1998). Human Anatomy and Physiology, IV Edition, Addison-Wesley.

Kesar, S. and Vashisht, N. (2007). Experimental Physiology, Heritage Publishers.

Prakash, G. (2012). Lab Manual on Blood Analysis and Medical Diagnostics, S. Chand and

Company Ltd.


lxx


COURSE TITLE: FOOD NUTRITION AND HEALTH

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: To acquaint the students with the understanding of concept

of food, nutrition and health and the major food and water borne and lifestyle diseases.

THEORY (CREDITS 4)








SECTION A

Unit 1: Basic concept of food and nutrition 10

Food Components and food-nutrients

Concept of a balanced diet, nutrient needs and dietary pattern for various groups: adults,

pregnant and nursing mothers, infants, school children, adolescents and elderly

Unit 2: Nutritional Biochemistry: 20

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins- Definition, Classification, their dietary source

and role .Vitamins- Fat-soluble and Water-soluble vitamins- their dietary source and

importance. Minerals- Iron, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, selenium and zinc: their biological

functions

SECTION B

Unit 3: Health 15

Introduction to health- Definition and concept of health

Major nutritional Deficiency diseases- Protein Energy Malnutrition (kwashiorkor and marasmus),

Vitamin A deficiency disorders, Iron deficiency disorders, Iodine deficiency disorders- their causes,

symptoms, treatment, prevention and government programmes, if any.

Life style related diseases- hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity- their causes and prevention

through dietary and lifestyle modifications Social health problems- smoking, alcoholism, drug

dependence and Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) - their causes, treatment and

prevention Common ailments- cold, cough, and fevers, their causes and treatment

Unit 4: Food hygiene: 15

Potable water- sources and methods of purification at domestic level. Food and Water borne

infections: Bacterial infection: Cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery; Viral infection: Hepatitis,

Poliomyelitis, Protozoan infection: amoebiasis, giardiasis; Parasitic infection: taeniasis and

ascariasis their transmission, causative agent, sources of infection, symptoms and prevention

Brief account of food spoilage: Causes of food spoilage and their preventive measures

20


1. To detect adulteration in a) Ghee b) Sugars c) Tea leaves and d) Turmeric

3. Estimation of Lactose in milk

4. Ascorbic acid estimation in food by titrimetry

5. Estimation of Calcium in foods by titrimetry

6. Calculation of Basal Metabolic rate.

7.Identification of nutrient rich sources of foods (fruits and vegetables), their seasonal availability

and price


lxxi

8.Study of nutrition labeling on selected foods

9. Identification of nutritional disorders ( through Pictures/ charts )

10. Identification of major protozoan and helminthes parasites( as in theory syllabus )

SUGGESTED BOOKS

Mudambi, SR and Rajagopal, MV. Fundamentals of Foods, Nutrition and Diet Therapy; Fifth

Ed; 2007; New Age International Publishers

Srilakshmi B. Nutrition Science; 2002; New Age International (P) Ltd.

Srilakshmi B. Food Science; Fourth Ed; 2007; New Age International (P) Ltd

Swaminathan M. Handbook of Foods and Nutrition; Fifth Ed; 1986; BAPPCO.

Bamji MS, Rao NP, and Reddy V. Text Book of Human Nutrition; 2009; Oxford & IBH

Publishing Co. Pvt Ltd.

Wardlaw GM, Hampl JS. Perspectives in Nutrition; Seventh Ed; 2007; McGraw Hill.

Lakra P, Singh MD. Textbook of Nutrition and Health; First Ed; 2008; Academic Excellence.

Manay MS, Shadaksharaswamy. Food-Facts and Principles; 1998; New Age International (P)

Ltd.

Gibney et al. Public Health Nutrition; 2004; Blackwell Publishing



1.To identify the given parasite A and B and to write a note on the disease caused by them

5x2=10

2. To perform the given Experiment C . Write the principle, observations and inference 10

3. To identify the nutritional disorders D and E and to write a note on it 10

4. To identify the adulterant and mention its ill effects. 05

5. Project 05

4.Note Book 05

5.Viva 05


lxxii


COURSE TITLE: INSECT, VECTORS AND DISEASES

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: To acquaint the students with the understanding of various

insect vectors and the diseases caused by them.

THEORY (CREDITS 4)








SECTION A

Unit I: Introduction to Insects 6

General Features of Insects, Morphological features, Head – Eyes, Types of antennae, Mouth parts

w.r.t. feeding habits

Unit II: Concept of Vectors 6

Brief introduction of Carrier and Vectors (mechanical and biological vector), Reservoirs, Host-vector

relationship, Vectorial capacity, Adaptations as vectors, Host Specificity

Unit III: Insects as Vectors 8

Classification of insects up to orders, detailed features of orders with insects as vectors – Diptera,

Siphonaptera, Siphunculata, Hemiptera

Unit IV: Dipteran as Disease Vectors 12

Dipterans as important insect vectors – Mosquitoes, Sand fly, Houseflies;

Study of mosquito-borne diseases – Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Viral encephalitis, Filariasis;

Control of mosquitoes

SECTION B

Unit V: Dipteran as Disease Vectors 12

Study of sand fly-borne diseases – Visceral Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Phlebotomus

fever; Control of Sand fly

Study of house fly as important mechanical vector, Myiasis, Control of house fly

Unit VI: Siphonaptera as Disease Vectors 6

Fleas as important insect vectors; Host-specificity, Study of Flea-borne diseases – Plague, Typhus

fever; Control of fleas

Unit VII: Siphunculata as Disease Vectors 4

Human louse (Head, Body and Pubic louse) as important insect vectors; Study of louse-borne diseases

–Typhus fever, Relapsing fever, Trench fever, Vagabond’s disease, Control of human louse

Unit VIII: Hempitera as Disease Vectors 6

Bugs as insect vectors; Blood-sucking bugs; Chagas disease, Bed bugs as mechanical vectors, Control

and prevention measures


1.Study of different kinds of mouth parts of insects

2.Study of following insect vectors through permanent slides/ photographs: Aedes, Culex, Anopheles,

Pediculus humanus capitis, Pediculus humanus corporis, Phithirus pubis, Xenopsylla cheopis, Cimex

lectularius, Phlebotomus argentipes, Musca domestica, through permanent slides/ photographs


lxxiii

3. . Study of different diseases transmitted by above insect vectors

4. Project report on any five of the insect vectors and disease transmitted

SUGGESTED READINGS

Imms, A.D. (1977). A General Text Book of Entomology. Chapman & Hall, UK

Chapman, R.F. (1998). The Insects: Structure and Function. IV Edition, Cambridge

University Press, UK

Pedigo L.P. (2002). Entomology and Pest Management. Prentice Hall Publication

Mathews, G. (2011). Integrated Vector Management: Controlling Vectors of Malaria and

Other Insect Vector Borne Diseases. Wiley-Blackwell

Guidelines for conduction of Practical Examination

Time allowed : 4 hrs M.M. 50

1. To Identify the given insect vector A, B, C and write the identification point and note on the disease

transmitted by them. 12

2. To identify the mouth parts in the given insect D and E and write a note on it. 06

3. Identify the given disease E, F, G and H comment on its major symptoms and note on insect vector

involved 4 X 4= 16

4.Project report 06

5.Practical note book. 05

6.Viva. 05


lxxiv

SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSES

ZOO SEC 101:APICULTURE

(CREDITS 2)

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To provide the skill to set up an apiary and get self

employed.

Note : The contents of the course is to be taught through practical identification of honey bee

species, equipments , diseases; setting up of an apiary box and visit to the apiaries and cottage

industries of honey bee products.

SECTION A

Unit 1:Biology of Bees :History, Classification and Biology of Honey Bees

Social Organization of Bee Colony

Unit 2: Rearing of Bees : Artificial Bee rearing (Apiary), Beehives – Newton and Langstroth

Bee Pasturage ,Selection of Bee Species for Apiculture ,Bee Keeping Equipment

Methods of Extraction of Honey (Indigenous and Modern)

SECTION B

Unit 3: Diseases and Enemies:Bee Diseases and Enemies ,Control and Preventive measures

Unit 4: Bee Economy : Products of Apiculture Industry and its Uses (Honey, Bees Wax, Propolis),

Pollen etc.

Unit 5: Entrepreneurship in Apiculture : Bee Keeping Industry – Recent Efforts, Modern Methods

in employing artificial Beehives for cross pollination in horticultural gardens


lxxv

Practicals

1. To study the social organization of honey bee

2. Identification of Different species of Honey Bees used in commercial Apiculture industry

3. To identify and to understand usage of Bee keeping equipments

4. To set up a artificial bee hive

5. To identify and to understand usage of Honey extracter

6. To study the products of Apiculture industry

7. Visit to Apiary

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Prost, P. J. (1962). Apiculture. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi.

2. Bisht D.S., Apiculture, ICAR Publication.

3. Singh S., Beekeeping in India, Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi


Time Allowed :3Hrs Maximum Marks 50

1. Identification of the given caste of honey bee 3

2.Identification of given species of honey Bee 5

3.To identify and comment on the given Equipment 2x3=6

4.To identify and comment on the given bee disease 2x3=6

5.Report on visit to Apiary 10

6.Project( set up and rearing of artificial bee hive ) 10

7.Viva 5

8.Note Book 5


lxxvi

ZOO SEC 102 :AQUARIUM FISH KEEPING

(CREDITS 2)

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To provide the students the skill of setting up the aquarium

to make them able to get self employed.

Note : The contents of the course is to be taught through practical identification of aquarium

fish, setting up of aquarium at small level in laboratory and visit to the cottage aquarium

industry.

SECTION A

Unit1: Introduction to Aquarium Fish Keeping

The potential scope of AquariumFish Industry as a Cottage Industry, Exotic andEndemic

species of Aquarium Fishes

Unit 2: Biology of Aquarium Fishes

Common characters and sexual dimorphism ofFresh water and Marine Aquariumfishes

such as Guppy, Molly, Sword tail, Gold fish, Angel fish, Blue morph, Anemone fish and

Butterfly fish

SECTION B

Unit 3: Food and feeding of Aquarium fishes

Use of live fish feed organisms. Preparation and composition of formulated fish feeds

Unit 4: Fish Transportation

Live fish transport - Fish handling, packing and forwarding techniques.

Unit 5: Maintenance of Aquarium General Aquarium maintenance – budget for setting up an

AquariumFish Farm as a Cottage Industry


Time Allowed :3Hrs Maximum Marks 50

1. Identification of the given 5 aquarium fish 5x2=10

2. Identification of sexual dimorphism in the given aquarium fish 5


lxxvii

3. Preparation of fish feed 5

4. Report on visit to Aquarium industry 10

5. Project ( Preparation and maintainence of aquarium set up at lab level ) 10

6. Viva 5

7. Note Book 5

ZOO SEC 103 :BIOTECHNIQUES

(CREDITS 2)

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To acquaint the students with the principle , working and

application of various biotechniques to make them able to use them in their various research

projects.

SECTION A

Unit I :General safety measures, Personal protection. Physical , Chemical and biological hazards.First

Aid : Burns, Eye Injuries , Bleeding and poisoning.

Unit II: Sterilization of glassware, Principle and working of Laminar flow and Autoclave.

Unit III: Concept of pH and buffer ,Common laboratory buffers

Unit IV:Spectrophotometry: Beer Lambert Law, Principle and working of UV and visible.

spectrophotometry.

SECTION B

Unit V: Principle of Chromatography, Types: Column, Paper , Thin layer chromatography and

HPLC.

Unit VI: Principle and working of Electrophoresis ; SDS and Agarose Gel

Unit VII: Principle and working of Light and electron microscope, Principle and working of SEM,

TEM.

Unit VIII: Microtomy, Common fixatives and staining techniques.

Books recommended:

1.Wilson K and Walker J. Principles and techniques of biochemistry and molecular biology.

Cambridge University press. 2006.

2.Plummer D.T. An introduction to practical biochemistry. 3rd

Ed. Tata Mcgraw Hill Publications.

2007

LIST OF PRACTICALS


lxxviii

1. To demonstrate the working of HPLC.

2. Separation of biomolecules by thin layer chromatography.

3. To separate the organic compound by paper chromatography

4. Estimation of proteins by spectrophotometer .

5. To determine the pH using indicators.

6. To separate the proteins / DNA using Electrophoresis

7. To prepare a permanent slide of the tissue using the techniques of section embedding, cutting

and staining.

8. Demonstration of TEM and SEM

9. To visit the research laboratories.



1. To write the principle, procedure, observation and inference of the given two experiments 20

2. To write the principle and working of the given instrument 05


4. Viva 05

5. Project ( Tissue fixation, Embedding , Section cutting and staining of the given tissue)

10


lxxix

ZOO SEC 104 :MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS

(CREDITS 2)

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To acquaint the students with the skill of Diagnostic

methods of blood and urine analysis, common infectious and non infectious diseases.

SECTION A

Unit 1: Introduction to Medical Diagnostics and its Importance 2

Unit 2: Diagnostics Methods Used for Analysis of Blood 10

Blood composition, Preparation of blood smear and Differential Leucocyte Count

(D.L.C) using Leishman's stain, Platelet count using haemocytometer, Erythrocyte

Sedimentary Rate (E.S.R), Packed Cell Volume (P.C.V.)

Unit 3: Diagnostic Methods Used for Urine Analysis 6

Urine Analysis: Physical characteristics; Abnormal constituents

Unit 4:Non-infectious Diseases 6

Causes, types, symptoms, complications, diagnosis and prevention of Diabetes (Type I

and Type II), Hypertension (Primary and secondary), Testing of blood glucose using

Glucometer/Kit

Unit 5: Infectious Diseases 3

Causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis and prevention of Tuberculosis and Hepatitis

Unit 6: Tumours 3

Types (Benign/Malignant), Detection and metastasis; Medical imaging: X-Ray of Bone

fracture, PET, MRI and CT Scan (using photographs).

SUGGESTED READINGS

Park, K. (2007), Preventive and Social Medicine, B.B. Publishers

Godkar P.B. and Godkar D.P. Textbook of Medical Laboratory Technology, II

Edition, Bhalani Publishing House

Cheesbrough M., A Laboratory Manual for Rural Tropical Hospitals, A Basis for

Training Courses

Guyton A.C. and Hall J.E. Textbook of Medical Physiology, Saunders

Robbins and Cortan, Pathologic Basis of Disease, VIIIEdition, Saunders

Prakash, G. (2012), Lab Manual on Blood Analysis and Medical Diagnostics, S.

Chand and Co. Ltd.

MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS (PRACTICALS)

1. Demonstration of the use of autoclave, centrifuge and spectrophotometer.

2. Cleaning and sterilization of glassware using hot air oven, autoclave etc.

3. Determination of Blood groups

4. Estimation of Haemoglobin

5. Recording bleeding and clotting time


lxxx

6. Study of permanent slides or microphotographs of the following: Hepatitis virus, Mycobacteriun

tuberculosis.

7. Estimation of creatinine, urea, ketone bodies, glucose in urine and to study risks and diseases

associated with it

8. Counting of WBC, RBC & DLC, ESR.

9. Visit to hospital to study techniques ECG, MRI and X-ray

10. Visit to the any pathology lab/hospital to study laboratory safety rules, hazards, precautions

during sample collection and laboratory investigation and to observe instruments of medical

importance.



1.To perform the given two experiments on the blood analysis. 12

10. To perform the given two experiments on urine analysis 10

11. Write a note on the principle and working of the given diagnostic technique 06

12. To identify the given slide/ Micrograph and give two reasons for their identification.2


14. Viva 05

15. Project 10


lxxxi

ZOO SEC 105 :VERMICOMPOST TECHNOLOGY

(CREDITS 2)

OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE : To acquaint the students with the skill of setting up

vermicompost units at domestic level or commercial level.

SECTION A

Unit-I GeneralVermiculture/ Vermicompost

1. Introduction to vermiculture. definition, meaning, history, economic important, their value in

maintenance of soil structure, role as four r's of recycling reduce, reuse, recycle, restore.

2. The matter and humus cycle (product, qualities). Ground population, transformation process in

organic matter.

3.Choosing the right worm. Useful species of earthworms. Local species of earthworms. Exotic

species of earthworms.

.

Unit-II Earthworm Biology and Rearing

1.Key to identify the species of earthworms.

2. Biology of Eisenia fetida.

a) Taxonomy Anatomy, physiology and reproduction

b) Vital cycle of Eisenia fetida: alimentation, fecundity, annual reproducer potential and limit factors

(gases, diet, humidity, temperature, pH, light, and climatic factors).

3. Biology of Eudrilus eugeniae.

c) Taxonomy Anatomy, physiology and reproduction of Eudrilidae.

d) Vital cycle of Eudrilus eugeniae: alimentation, fecundity, annual reproducer potential and limit

factors (gases, diet, humidity, temperature,pH, light, and climatic factors).

SECTION B

Unit-III Vermicompost Technology (Methods )

12Hrs

1.Small Scale Earthworm farming for home gardens - Earthworm compost for home gardens

2. Conventional commercial composting - Earthworm Composting larger scale

3. Earthworm Farming (Vermiculture), Extraction (harvest), vermicomposting harvest and processing.

Unit IV: Vermicompost Technology ( Products )

1.Nutritional Composition of Vermicompost for plants, comparison with other fertilizers

2. Vermiwash collection, composition & use

3,Enemies of Earthworms, Sickness and worm's enemies. Frequent problems. How to prevent and fix

them.

VERMICOMPOST TECHNOLOGY PRACTICALS

1 Key to identify different types of earthworms

2 Field trip- Collection of native earthworms & their identification

3 Study of Sytematic position, habits, habitat & External characters of Eisenia fetida

4 Study of Life stages & development of Eisenia fetida

5 Study of Life stages & development of Eudrilus eugeniae

6 Comparison of morphology & life stages of Eisenia fetida & Eudrilus eugeniae

7 Study of Vermiculture, Vermiwash & Vermicompost equipments, devices

8 Preparation of vermibeds, maintenance of vermicompost & climatic conditions.

9 Harvesting, packaging, transport and storage of Vermicompost and separation of life stages

10 Study of diseases & enemies of earthworm


lxxxii

Guidelines for the conduct of Examination


1. To identify the given species of Earthworm and to write a note on its morphology and life

cycle. To write the principle and working of the given instrument 10

2. Identify the disease/ enemy of earthworm and comment 5

3. Identify the equipment/ device used in vermicomposting and comment 5

4. Comment on the effect of the given climatic condition on vermicomposting. 5

5. Comment on the given stage in vermicompost technology(preparation and maintainence of

vermibed/ harvesting/packaging/transport/ Storage) 5


7. Viva 05

8. Project (setting up of vermicompost unit at laboratory level) 10

b.sc. honours zoology ( 2018-19) · 2018-10-10 · b.sc. honours zoology ( 2018-19) ii list of...

Documents