bs497-1_1976

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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BSI B S * 4 9 7 : P A R T *

76

I1624669

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9

BS

497

: Part

1

: 1976

Specification for

Manhole covers, road

gully

gratings

and frames for drainage purposes

Part I . Cast iron and cast steel

Specification concernant les cadres et tampo ns d e voirie

pour trous d 'hom me uti l ises pour le drainage

Partie

1.

Fonte de fe r e t fonte d'acier

Schachtabdeckungen, Straenablufe-Roste und Rahmen

(fr Entwsserungszwecke)

Teil 1. Gueisen un d Stahlgu

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BS 497: Part

1

: 1976

Contents

Page

Foreword Inside front cover

Cooperating organizations Back cover

Specification

1.

Scope

2. References

3,

Materials

4. Manufacture and workmanship

5. Protective coating

6. Design requirements

7. Quality control

8. Additional tests specified by the purchaser

9. Inspection

1O. Certificate of compliance

11. Marking

12. Manhole covers, inspection covers and frames

13. Road gully gratings and frames

14.

Kerb-type gully covers and frames

Appendices

A.

Loading t e s t

B. Summary of optional variations

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

4

6

8

8

Tables

1,

Grades

D

and manhole covers and frames.

2. Grade B class 1 manhole covers and frames

3. Grade B class 2 single-seal manhole covers and

frames

4. Grade C single-seal nspection covers nd frames

5. Grade C double-seal inspection covers and frames

6. Grade A class 1 gully gratings and frames

7. Grade A class 2 gully gratings and frames

8.

Grade B gully gratings and frames

9. Kerb-type gully covers and frames

Figures

1. Sealed manhole covers

2. Minimum clear-opening dimensions

of

frame for

BS reference MA-T manhole cover

3. Part plans of gully gratings and frames

4. Detail of keyways and keys

Foreword

Delete the existing tex t of the foreword entirely and substitute the following-

'This Bri tish Standard has been prepared under the

authority of the Road Engineering Standards Policy

Committee.

As part of the new approach to harmonization and

standards in Europe, work on manhole covers

i s

being

undertaken by

CEN/TC

165, Drainage, who are revising

EN 124

:

1986, 'Gully tops and manhole tops for vehicular

and pedestrian areas; design requirements, type testing,

marking'. It

s

therefore envisaged that the next edition of

this standard will be a dual British/European Standard.

Since the 1976 edition of this standard, traffic growth has

significantly exceeded forecasts and i t i s likely that rapid

growth will continue into the nextcentury. In addition the

maximum permitted weight of heavy goods vehicles has

increased and wil l increase s t i l l further during the 1990s.

Concern has been expressed by various highway authorities

about the durability of certain grade A products under high

speed, heavily trafficked conditions such

as

on motorways

and other primary routes. An increasing amount of

maintenance i s required on covers and frames to ensure

their continued satisfactory performance. These maintenance

works can be hazardous to motorists and operativesas well

as

causing congestion and serious delays. I t was tnerefore

agreed to supplement the existing range of grades in

BS

497

to cater for these circumstances.

In

view of the move towards product standard harmonization

in Europe i t was decided t o introduce a new grade

equivalent to Class D 400 of the draft revision of EN 124.

The new BS grade (calledD for consistency with oraft

E N

124) has

2

400 kN design load and stipulates

minimum frame dimensions to improve stiffness.

Compliance wi th

a

British Standard

does

not of itself

confer immunity from legal obligations.'

Sr? releience in

CP

301

: 971 note

a t

end o f

table

61.

Page

3

3

3

4

4

6

6

6

3

5

5

7

3

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-L

BS 497:

Par t 1 :

1976

British

Standard Speci f icat ion for

Manhole covers, road gully gratings

and frames for drainage purposes

Part

1 Cast iron and

cast

steel

1,

Scope

This British Standard specifies requirements for:

(a) cast iron manhole covers, inspection covers and

frames;

(b) cast iron and cast steel road gully gratings in cast

iron frames;

(cl cast iron kerb-type gully covers and frames.

The standard fal ls into four main parts as follows.

Clauses 2 to 11 specify general requirements applicable

to the articles covered in clauses 12, 13 and 14.

Clause 12 deals wi th manhole covers, inspection covers

and frames.

Clause 13 deals with road gully gratings and frames.

Clause 14 deals with kerb-type gully covers and frames.

2.

References

The

t i t l e s

of the standards publications referred to in this

standard are listed on the inside back cover.

3.

Materia is

3.1 Cast iron units. The metal used for the manufacture of

castings included in this standard shall be suitable for the

method of manufacture and shall be either

flake graphite iron (hereafter called grey i ron) o f a

quality not

l ess

than that specified as grade 10 in BS

1452: 1961, or

spheroidal or nodular graphite iron (hereafter called

ductile iron) complying with the requirements specified

in

BS

2789: 1973 for grade 500/7,600/3 or 70012, as

selected by the manufacturer to suit the design and

dimensions of the unit.

3.2 Cast steel gully gratings. The metal used for the

manufacture of cast

steel

gratings shall comply with the

requirements for BS 592 grade A given in

6s

3100: 1967

3.3 Bolts. Bolts supplied for loosely coupling separate

sections of covers and gratings shall be

steel,

hexagon

headed, complying with the requirements of BS 4190: 1967

and not less than size M16, complete wi th hexagon nut;

these shall be provided wi th means to prevent undue

tightening of the uni t sections. Alternative coupling devices,

if used, shall be of steel, have

a

minimum cross-sectional

area of 140 mm2, and be removable and incapable of undue

tightening or loosening.

4.

Manufacture and workm ansh ip

All

cast

units shall be cleanly

cast

and shall be free from air

holes, sand holes, cold shuts and chill. They shall be neatly

dressed and carefully fettled. All castings shall be free from

voids, whether due to shrinkage, gas inclusions or other

5

Protec t i ve coat ing

Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, a l l units shall

be supplied coated by dipping, or other equivalent means,

using

a

hot-applied coal-tar-based material complying wi th

the requirements specified in BS 41 64. Alternatively, a t the

option of the manufacturer, a cold-appliedblack bitumen

material complying wi th the requirements specified i n

BS 3416 may be used.

No

coating shall be applied to any

casting unless the surfaces of the casting are clean, dry and

free from rust.

6. Design requi rements

Products manufactured to the requirements of this standard

shall be capable of supporting, without fracture, the

following design loads:

Gradeof cover

Design

-.

or grating

A

350

D

400

N .

pg

B 150

C 10

Bearing blocks shall be of the same size as those used for the

relevant quality control

tests

(see

12.3, 13.3

and

14.3)

and

the cover or grating shall be capable of supporting the

specified design load with the bearing block placed a t any

position wholly w ithin the perimeter of the cover or grating

section(

).

The manufacturer shall verify the design of each type of

unit by submitting a sufficient number of prototypes to the

loading tests specified in this clause and in clause 7.

7. Qu a l i t y c o n t r o l

7.1 Quality control tests. The manufacturer shall t e s t

sample units, by the method given in appendix A, for

compliance wi th the requirements given in 7.2. Apart from

the initial design proving

tests

that shall be carried out b y

the manufacturer, routine sampling t es t s will be a t the

discretion of the manufacturer, to suit his rate and method

of production, in order to ensure continuing compliance

wi th the requirements of this standard. Recordsof such

quality control

t es t s

shall be available to the purchaser or

his representative.

7.2 Acceptance requirements. Products shall be deemed to

comply with the loading test requirements of this standard

if, when tested in accordance with the procedures described

in appendix

A,

the following requirements are satisfied.

(a) Grey iron units sustain the loads specified in 12.3,

13.3

and

14.3

without fracture.

(b) Ductile iron and cast steel units sustain the loads

specified in 12.3, 13.3 and 14.3 without fracture and

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BS 497:

Part

1 1976

f he so

desires.

The allocation O f costs of additional

tes ts

should be agreed

between

the

manufacturer and

the

purchaser.

'For grade Oframes, slots within the 75 mm minimum

bedding width are permissible in any side Of the frame but

there shall be an increase in width to give a corresponding

between any two selected supporting seatings after

removal of the

t es t

load,

i s

not greater than one five-

hundredth

(0.2 %)

of

the

distance between

these

.

selected

seatings.

7.3Testing of recessed covers. Recessed covers shall be

tested before they are filled w ith concrete.

8. Ad di t io na l tests speci f ied

by

the purchaser

Grade D Manhole covers and frames, capable of bearing

wheel loads up to 1 1 aonnes,

for

use in carriacteways

carrying fast-moving beavy vehicles, such as rnotorways,

trunk roads and other primary routes, These covers and

frames shall incorporate a permanent non-rock design

feature such as triangular point suspensionor machined

faces.

12.2

Shape and size. Only minimum clear-opening

izes

and

certain frame dimensions are stipulated (see 12.51. shape

of the individual manufacturer's design. If a purchaser

desires to specify a particular shape this shall be stated on

the enauirv and/or order.

(e.9. square, rectangular, circular) and size being the product

*.

Should

the

purchaser desire

t i

witness the tests specified

in

7.2 he shall inform the manufacturer accordingly and the

latter shall give reasonable notice of the date or dates on

which the tests will be carried out. The purchaser shall,

if

he

so desires, be enabled to carry o ut inspection of covers,

gratings and frames prior to

the

application of any Coating.

10.

Cert i f ica te of compl iance

The

purchasershall, on request, be supplied with a

certificate in respect of each delivery certifying that the

articles comply with

the

requirements of th is specification.

11. M a rk in g

All

covers, gratings and frames shall have clearly cast thereon

G,adeof coyer

Grade

manholecovers

GradeA

manhole covers

d and

manhole covers

GradeC

inspection covers

resi

oad

iron iron

35 235

L 4

i r e

of

black

mm

250 dia.

300

dia.

300 dia.

300

dia.

1

the number of this British Standard and the appropriate

12.4

Design features

grade, e4 . 'BS 497, Grade A', and such other markings as

12.4.1

Registers.

Where the directional installz:ion of the

may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. cover relative t the frame is an essential feature of a non.

rock design,

a

register shaif be provided.

12. Manh ole covers, insp ect ion covers and fram es

12.4.2 DisplacernPnrby rraff;c The design of

co:'ers

shall

be such that they cannot be displaced by normal traff ic.

Grade

A

and grade 8 rames of less than 100mm depth

shall be provided with means

of

additional ancho:%?

(e& .

0penir:gs and/or holes

for

anchor bolts in the f lance).

12.4.3

Drainage and skid raisrance.

Covers Of tG id-to?

type

$ha[[be self-draining and have a raised pat:en. Such 25

chequcrs,

so

a s to provide

a

skid-resisting Surface.

i

:12.4.4

loosening.

A

recess

for

a

prising bar shall

Se

incorporafed n manhole covers unless other means of

:loosening the cover from the frame arc provide&.

12.4.5

Grade Crecerred covers.

Covers

shall be wxwx

10

a clear depth of not

less

than 28

mm.

The recess shall

except for keyway housings and locking Pads.

1

within 2 5 mm of the outside of the frame a t sur face

1 2 - 4 5

KeyVays. At

k o s t

two keyways as detailed in

figure

4

shall

segment for a double triangular cover. Closed ket '\ws shzl'

always be provided on grade B class end On Grdec

'covers;

open or closed keyways may be provided on

:gradesD and

A

12.4.7

Clearance.

The maximum

clearance

be:::?en

C O i ' 9

section and frame, or between scction

2nd

section. sha l

be

3mm a s for gra:ngS: See

f i ?ate

3).

12.1

Grades. Manhole covers, inspection covers and frames

complying

with the

requirements of

this

British Standard

shall be graded as follows:

Grade

A Manhole covers and frames, capable of bearing

wheel loads up to 11.50 tonnes, for use in

carriageways.These covers and frames shall

incorporate a permanent non-rock design feature

such as triangular po in t suspension or machined

faces.

wheel loads up to 5.00 tonnes, for use in

carriageways Carrying relatively slow-moving normal

~m -m er ci al ehicles (e.g. cul-de-sacs and minor

residential roads; see table 1 in Road note 29*).

These covers and frames shall incorporate a

Permanent non-rock design feature such as

triangular po in t suspension or machined faces.

Grade

B Sealed manhole covers and frames (see

12.4.8

Class2 capable of bearing wheel loads up to

5.00

tonnes,

for use in areas to which vehicles would have only

Grade B

Manhole covers and frames, capable of bearing

class

provided in each complete cover. o w

in

each

6

,on grade

B class 1

and

on

kerb.rypegully cows.

occasional access (e.$ pedestrian precincts).

for

Use

in Situations inaccessible to motor vehicles.

Grade

c Sealed inspection covers and frames (see

12.4.8

Department

of

the Environment- Road Research Laboratory. Road note 29, third edition.

' A

guide t o the structural design of

pavements for new roads'.

2

ritish Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsCOPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsLicensed by Information Handling Services

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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BSI

BS*497:

P A R T S 1 7 6

- . - .

I

BS

.

*

rsfrrrner

. .

MB1-50

MB1-55

MB1-60

Lb24bb

0 2 5 4 5 6 6 b

Minimum

Minimum clsar Minim um

bedding

width of

epth of

framr

ramr

waning

(see

12.21

mm mm mm -

600dia. 75 75

550 dia. 75 75

600 dia, 75 75

Minimum clear

opening

(see 12.2)

0s

rafsranca

Minimum

Minimum bdding

Of

width of

frama

frame

ES Mini mum clear

I

reference opening

(see

12.2

mm

MD-GO

GOO

dia.

Minimum Minimum

depth

bedding

of

frame width

of

frame'

mm

rnm

150 75

Minimum clear

waning

(see 12.2)

0s

rsfsrancr

Minimum

Minimum

bddiw

dep th

Of

width of

frame

frame

MC1-60/60' 600 x 600

Minimum

depth

o f

frame

Minimum

edding

width

of

frame

75

75

75

75

BS

497:

Part 1

:

1976

Sect on

of

cover

r

Sealing material

I

Section of frame

Single seal .Dou ble seal

NOTE. The figure

i s

diagrammatic only.

Figure

1.

Sealed man hol e covers

Table 2. ,Grade' B class 1 manh ole covers

and frames

12.4.8 Sealing.

When

a

manhole or inspection cover unit i s

described

as

sealed, unless an alternative method s agreed

by the purchaser, the frame shall provide a continuous

means of retaininga sealing material. This standard

seal

may

be of either single or double pattern (see figure 1) and the

minimum depth

of

penetration of the cover ,sealing lange(s)

into the frame shall be 10mm.

I---

l I-

12.4.9 Locking.

Where specified by the purchaser, menas

shall be provided for locking sealed covers in their frames,

without nullifying the seal. Where locking devices would be

rendered ineffective by corrosion, they shall be suitably

protected

12.4.10 Venti latedcovers.

The total area of ventilation

shall be not

less

than

5 %

of the minimum clear-opening

area. The width of slots shall not exceed40 mm and their

length shall not exceed 125mm.

Table 3. Grade

B

class

2

single-seal m anh ole covers

and frames

12.5

Specified dimensions and details. The dimensions

of

manhole covers and frames of specified grades and BS

reference numbers shall be

as

given in tables 1 to 5.

mm

500 dia.

550 dia.

600 dia.

600

x

450

600

x

600

600 x 450

600x 600

mm

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

mm

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

MB2-50

MB2-55

MB2-60

MB2-60145.

MB2-60160'

M 82R- 6014 5

M 82R-60l60t

Solid top.

t

Recessed top.

Table 4. Grade C single-seal ins pect ion covers

and frames

1

A

. .

(b). Grade

D

manhole covers and frames

-

mm

450 x 450

600 x 450

mm

40

40

40

60

60

60

40

MCl-45/45.

MCl-60145'

Minimum clear

opening

(see

12.2)

rnrn

500 dia.

550 dia.

600 dia.

See

silhoutte

i n

figure

2

for single

triangular

cover

ES

reference

MC1 R-45/45t

MC1 R-60145t

MClR-60160t

450 x 45u

600 x 450

600 x 600

40

40

40

MA-50

MA-55

MA-60

140'MC 1-45 450 dia.

olid

top.

t

Recessed top. See 12.4.5.

MA-T

OPYRIGHT ritish Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsCOPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsLicensed by Information Handling Services

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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B S I B S *G 97 : P A R T * l 7 6 b 2 4 b b 0 2 5 4 5 6 7

Minimu m clear

opening

(see

12.2)

BC

reference

mm

MC2-45/45*

4 5 0 ~50

MC2-60/45* 600 x 450

MC2-60/60* 600

x

600

MC2R-45145t 450 X 450

MC2R-60145t 600 x 450

MC2R-60/60t 600 X 600

450 dia.

w

c2-45 *

BS

497: Part

1 : 1976

area, there shall be a minimum of 45cm2 between the kerb

face of the frame and a parallel line 50 mm distant (line

X-X in figure 3) and there shall also be

a

minimum of

65cm' between the kerb face

of

the frame and

a

parallel

line

90mm

distant (line

Y-Y

in figure 3).

13.4.2 Slot wid th and direct ion. The maximum width of a

slot in a grating shall be limited to

40 mm,

this figure to

include the 3

mm

clearance (see 13.4.3) when this forms an

integral part of such a slot. The predominant direct ion of

dots must be

a t

an angle to the kerb

face

of between 40

and 90".

grating section and frame, or section and section, shall be

3 mm (see figure 3). The area of such clearance shall not

Minimum bedding

depth

of width

of

frame frame

mm mm

40 65

40 65

40 65

60 65

60 65

60 65 13.4.3 Clearance. The maximum clearance between

40 165'1

13.3 Test loads for quality control purposes (see also

clause

7

and appendix

A).

The loads and

sizes

of the

bearing blocks for

t he

purpose of the t es t specified in

clause

7

shall be as follows:

Test load

BS

reference

GA1-325

, Size of block

Grade of (see notes

GA1-450

grating Grey Ductil e Cast , nd 2)

325mm and 450 mm, with minimum wateway area are

specified (see

13.5),

shape and

size

being the product of

the individual manufacturer's design (see figure

3

for

definition

of

nominal width). I f the purchaser desires to

.,

13.5 Specif ied dimensions and d etails. The dimensions of

road gully gratings and frames of specified grades and

BS

reference numbers shall be as given in tables 6 to

8.

Minimum

Minimum Minimum

Minimum

bedding

nominal width

area of

depth of

width

o f

(see figure 3

watenniay

frame frame'

mm

cm2 mm

mm

325

650 75

75

450

900

75

75

iron iron steel

kN kN

kN

A 350

235 235

B

150

100 100

On three sides of grating on ly ; no frame flange

on

kerb face

mm

300 x 235

30 0x 235

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0254568

T

-.. .

( s e e l 3 . 4 . 3 1

B

-A

380

\ I

All

dimensions are in millimetres.

BS

497: Part 1: 1976

-

F

NOTE. Minor intrusions in corners

A, B

and

C,

to accommodate

seatings and the like, are permitted provided that

(a)

their total area inside the min imum dimension lines does not

exceed

15

ma, and

b) no

individual intrusion shall have a projection

of

more than

20

mm inside the minimum clear opening.

Figure2. Minimum clear-openingdimensions of frame for

BS

reference MA-T manhole cover

495

-

s o r n r n r

X

Y

3 mm max.

clearance

I I ,Kerb face of frame

'From kerb face

of

frame t o extremity

of waterway

mm max.

clearance

-

( s e e l 3 . 4 . 3 1

.. . -. . .

-

- .-- -=.

-

- .. - ,

Figure

3.

Part plans of gully gratings and frames


8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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E S 1 B S X 4 9 7 : PART * k L

76

i1624669

0254569 1

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Minimum

nominal wi dth

(see figure

3

Bs

reference

BS 497:

Part

1 1976

Table 7. Grade A class 2 gul ly grat ings and f rames

Minimum

Minimum

Minimum

bedding

area of

depth

of width o

waterway

frame frame*

I

I l

GA2-325

GA2-450

mm

325

450

I

cm2

650

900

mm

mm

75 75

75 75

Bs

reference

I I

On

hree sides of grating only ; no f rame flange on k erb face.

Minimum

Minimum

Minimum

Minimum

bedding

nominal

width

area

o f

depth of width o

(see figure

3)

waterway

frame frame*

Table 8. Grade B gul ly grat ings and f rames

GB-325

GE-450

I

mm

cm2

mm

mm

325

650

75 75

450

900

75 75

BS

reference

Weir

Minimum Minimum

depth

net weir rectangular

length clearway

*

On th ee sides

o

grating only ; no f rame flange on kerb face.

14 Ker b-ty pe gul ly covers and f rames

14.1 Duty. These covers and frames are for use in the kerbs

of carriageways.

14.2 Types. Units shall provide kerb inlet wi th access cover

opening away from the carriageway. Weir depth (distance

from top

o f

cover to top of fixed weir, i f any) shall be either

115 mm or 165mm a t customer's selection.

14.3 Test load for quality control

(see

also clause

7

and

appendix A). A load of 150 kN for grey iron units, or

100

kN for ductile iron units, on a rectangular bearing block

300

mm X

235 mm (wi th the 300

mm

dimension parallel to

the kerb face) shall be used for the purpose of the t es t

specified in clause 7.

14.4 Design features

14.4.1 Weir length and waterway. The weir length shall be

a t l e as t 425 mm and

a

rectangular clearway a t e a s t 250 cm2

in area shall be provided above the weir

level

(see 14.21,

both excluding any debris trap

a s

specified in 14.4.4.

14.4.2

Road retaining bar.

Unless otherwise specified by

the purchaser, a road retaining bar, .minimum cross section

35

mm

25

mm, shall be providedas a standard feature.

It shall be supplied loose so as to provide adjustment to suit

the required road level. Alternatively, a deflector plate may

be provided by arrangement between the purchaser and the

manufacturer.

14.4.3 Cover. The cover shall be provided wi th either

a

keyway(s) for the standard small key or a locking

mechanism. Where the cover may be readily raised without

the use of the key or other tool,

a

locking mechanism shall

be provided. Where a hinge i s provided, this shall be

a t

the

rear edge of the cover, as viewed from the road. The top

shall be self-drainingand have an adequate raised pattern,

such as cheques, to provide a slipresisting surface.

14.4.4 Debris trap. A robust grid with horizontal bar(s) or

a minimum of two vertical fins shall be provided to ac t as a

debris trap across the open mouth of the unit.

14.4.5 Cleans ing access, The opened unit shall provide a

minimum rectangular clear opening 400 mm

x

250 mm.

14.5 Specified dimensions. The dimensions of kerb-type

gully covers and frames of specified BS reference numbers

shall be as given in table

9.

Table 9. Ker b-ty pe gul ly covers and f rames

250

Minimum

rectangular

clear opening

(see 14.4.5)

mm

400 x 250

400 x 250

6

OPYRIGHT ritish Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsCOPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsLi s d b I f m ti H dli g S i s

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

9/17

.. . .

I

Kevwav

BSI

BS*497: P A R T * 1 76 9

1624669

0 2 5 4 5 7 0 8 9

.c-

-

Key

BS 497:

Par t

1 1976

Type

Keyways

O

p e n

A 8

C D

E F

min.lmax. min.lmax. min. min.

min. min.

/ y

\

\ \

/ /

C l o s e d , ,/

Plan

,Line o f

S e c t i o n A A

Keys

T

\ \

I I I

Plan

S e c t i o n B B

Small

114-16 19-11 129 16 117 I

6

I

6 40

~~~~ ~

A l l dimensions are in millimetres.

NOTE,

Small key for class

C

and kerb-type gully covers; large key for class

A

and class

B

covers.

Figure 4. Detail

o f

keyways and keys

7


8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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B S I

BS*477:

P A R T * L

76 3624667 0254573 T

@

Standard

Coated in accordance with clause 5

Normal sampling and testing

(see clause

7)

6S marking as given in clause 1

Manufacturers choice

of

shape

(see 12.2 and 13.2)

Open or closed keyways in grades

D

and A, grade

6 class 1

and kerb-type

gully coversa t the manufacturers

option (see

12.4.6)

Standard sealing

(see 12.4.8)

Non-locking sealed covers

Solid cover top

Minimum clear openings

as

specified

in

12.5, 13.5

and

14.5

Flat upper surface

of

gratings

i

BS

497: Part

1 :

1076

Opti onal variations

Not coated, or other finishes

Additional sampling and testing (see

clause 8)

Additional marking

(see

clause

1 1

Particular shape

(see 12.2

and

13.2)


D

and A, grade B class

1

and kerb-type

gully covers a t the purchasers option

(see 12.4.6)

Agreed alternative sealing method

(see 12.4.8)

Locking device on sealed covers

(see 12.4.9)

Ventilated cover top

(see 12.4.10)

Specific larger openings

Shaped upper surface to gratings

Append i x

A

Load i ng t e s t

A. l Apparatus. The following apparatus i s required.

A . l . l A standard frame to be used as a supporting frame.

A.1.2 A

bearing block

of the shape and

size

specified in

12 .3 , 13 . 3

and

14 . 3

as

appropriate, of hardwood faced

with hard rubber or other resilient material, and sufficiently

rigid to ensure that the load on the cover or grating i s

evenly distributed over the full area of the block.

A.1.3 A device preferably a hydraulic testing machine

for applying the load. The device shall be capable of

applying a load a t least 25 % greater than the appropriate

load specified in

12 .3 , 13 . 3

and

14.3. If a

testing machine

is used

it

shall comply with

the

accuracy requirements for

grade A or grade esting machines given in BS

161

O:

1964.

If

any other load-measuringdevice i s used

it

shall

be accurate to within

2 %

of the indicated load.

A.1.4

A

measuring device

accurate to

0.1

mm, suitable for

indicating deflection measurements on duct ile iron units

and cast steel gully gratings.

A.2 Procedure. Carry out the loading

t e s t

by applying the

appropriate load specified in

12 .3 , 13 . 3

and

14 .3

through

the bearing block of specified size placed centrally on the

un it or section(s) being tested. For grey iron covers

or

gratings proceed as described inA.2.1, for ductile iron

covers and gratings and cast

steel

gratings as described in

in A.2.2.

Yes

Abpendix B

Summ ary o f op t i ona l var ia t ions

see

note)

Yes

A.2.1

Grey iron covers or gratings.

Support the cover or

grating in the frame and, using the testing machine or

other load-measuring device (A.1.31, apply the appropriate

load without shock. Sustain the load for

a

minimum

period of 30s.

A.2 .2 Duct ile iron covers and gratings and cast steel

gratings. Support the cover or grating in the frame and

take

two

readings wi th the measuring device (A .I .4 )

as

follows.

a)

Before the load is applied, take an initial readinga t

a poin t midway between the two selected supporting

seatings to establish a datum point. Where it i s not

practicable to make this measurement exactly on the

line drawn between the two supporting seatings it shall

be taken on a line parallel to, and

as

near

as

possible to,

this line.

(b) Apply the t e s t load, without shock, five times,

sustaining alternating maximum and zero loads for

minimum periods of 20s; hen take a second readinga t

the datum point.

Record the difference between the two readingsas the

N O

permanent set.

No

Appl i kble to:

Manhole

covers

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Gully

gratings gully covers

K

erb-typ e

---i-----

+

Yes

Yes

No No

NOTE. Unless

options are specif icail y requcs;ed,

2

standard un it shall be supplied.

An

example of sp?cif ic requirement might be:

12

no. manhole covers and frcrnes to 8s

4 7 :

P s x 1 reference

MAGO

b u r having

E

clear opening of

700

mrn diame:er and roun d frame

shape.

.

-.

8


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76 1624669

0 2 5 4 5 7 2

I

_

Standards publ ica t ions re ferred to

BS

1452 Grey i ron castings

BS 1610 Methods for the load verification of testing machines

BS

2789 Iron castings with spheroidal or nodular graphite

BS 3100 Steel castings fo r general engineering pruposes

BS 3416 Black bitumen coating solutions fo r cold application

BS 3763 The International System of units

(SI)

BS 4164 Coal tar based hot applied coating materials for protecting iron and

steel,

including suitable primers where required

BS 4190 I S 0 metric black hexagon bolts, screws and nuts

PD 5686 The use of SI units

EN 1 2 4 '

Gul ly tops and manhde tops for vehicular and pedestrian areas;

design requirements, type testing, marking'

Referred

to in

t h e foreword only.

. .,. .

_..

,

. . .

.

.

. .

.

. . . _:..

.-- .

.

.

BSI

C e r t i fi c a t i o n Tr a d e M a r k

Th e K i t e m a rk

The Kitemark is the registered certification trade mark of the

British Standards Institution. A licence to use the Kitemark on or

in

relation to a product will be granted to any manufacturer or

producer wh o demonstrates that he can and wil l be able

consistently t o make that product to a specified British Standard.

His capability of doing

so

is in itially assessed

by

nspection of his

production process, quality control organization and test facilities,

and

by

independent testing

of

a sample of the product against al l

the cri teria of the relevant standard. The licensee is required to

accept, and to operate in accordance with, a BSI scheme

of

supervision and control which identifies the tests to be carried out

during manufacture and on the completed product, and specifies

the frequency of such testing. BSI carries out unannounced

inspection visits to the manufacturer's works and audit testing of

the product, and may withdraw the licence for any failure

of

the

manufacturer to comply wi th the relevant standard or with the

requirements of the scheme of supervision and control.

The presence of the Kitemark on or n relation to a product is an

assurance hat the goods have been produced under a system of

supervision, control and testing, operated during manufacture and

including periodical inspection

of

the manufacturer's works in

accordance wi th the certifi cation mark scheme

of

BSI.

Further particularsof the terms of licence may be obtained from

the Quality Assurance Department, Bri tish Standards Institution.

Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts.

HP2

4SQ.

ritish Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards

Services

COPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsLicensed by Information Handling Services

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

12/17

BSI

S*497:

P A R T * L

76

1624667

0254573 3

Amd. No. Date o f

issue

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of

the Hardware and ironmongery Standards Committee, was published

under the authority of the Executive Board on

30

September 1976.

@British Standards Institution, 1976

First published, as BS 497, July 1933

First revision December 1945

Second revision July 1952

Third revision May 1967

Fourth revision,

as

BS 497: Part 1, September 1976.

ISBN:

O

580 09580

O

Copyright

Users

of

Brit ish Standards are reminded tha t copyright subsists in all

BSI publications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in

any form without the prior permission in writing of BSI. This does

no t preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the

Text

a f fec ted

BS 497

: Part

1

:

1976

standard, of necessary details such as symbols and size, type or

grade designations. Enquiries should be addressed to the

Publications Manager, 101 Pentonville Road, London N1 9ND

(Telephone O1 837 8801

;

Telex 2321 8)

Contract requirements

Attention i s drawn t o the fact that this BriGsh Standard does not

purport to include

a l l

the necessary provisions of a contract.

Revision of Brit ish Standards

British Standards are revised, when necessary, by the issue either of

amendment slips or of revised editions.

It

is important that

users

of

British Standards should ascertain that they are i n possession of

the

la tes t

amendments of editions.

The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:

Coh\mittee references HIB/16 and HIB/16/1 Draft for comment

74/11 105 .DC

Cooperat ing organizat ions

The Hardware and Ironmongery Standards Committee, under

whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of

representatives from the fol lowing Government departments and

scientific and industrial organizations:

Aluminium Window Association

Association

of

Builders' Hardware Manufacturers

British Hardware Federation

British Lock Manufacturers' Association

British Plast i cs Federation

British Steel Industry

Copper Development Association

*Department of the Environment

Department of the Environment - Building Research Station

*Greater London Council

Guild of Architectural Ironmongers

Insti tution of Municipal Engineers

Metropol tan Pol ce

Royal Institute of British Architects

Royal Institutiori of Chartered Surveyors

Stee l Window Association

Zinc Development Association

The Government department and organizations marked with an

asterisk in the above

l is t ,

together with the following, were directly

represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of

this British Standard:

Agrment Board

Association

of

London Borough Engineers and Surveyors

British Gas Corporation

British Ironfounders' Association

British Malleable Tube Fittings Association

County Surveyors' Society

Department of the Environment - Transport and Road Research

Laboratory

Electric ity Supply Industry in England and

Wales

Environmental Health Officers' Association

Inst itute of Works and Highways Superintendents

Inst itution of Civil Engineers

Institution

of

Gas Engineers

Inst itution of Public Health Engineers

National and Midland Ironfounders' Association

National Federation of Builders' and Plumbers' Merchants

National Water Council

Post Office

Water Companies Association

Individual manufacturers

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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B S I B S U 4 9 7 : P A R T * 1 7 6 m 1 6 2 4 6 6 9 0 2 5 4 5 7 4 5 m

i

A m e n d m e n t

No. 1

publ ished and ef fect ive f r om

31

December 1985

t o

BS

497

:

Part 1

:

1 9 7 6

Manho le covers, road gul ly g rat ings

and frames fo r dr ainage purposes

Part 1. Cast ir on an d cast steel

A M D 5 0 3 4

Revised tex t

AMD 5034

December

1985

Table

4.

Grade

C

single-seal ins pectio n covers and frames

Add the follow ing new line to the foot of table 4.

[

40'

'MCI-45* I 450dia.

40

AMD 5034

December

1985

Table

5.

Grade C double-seal in spect ion covers and frames

Add the followin g new line to the foo t of table 5.

'MC2-45" I 450dia. 40

65'

851

2-O-2.5k-8

RD8135


8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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.* BSI

B S U 4 9 7 : P A R T * l

76 1624669

0 2 5 4 5 7 5

7

A m e n d m e n t No. 2

publ ished and e f fec t i ve f r om 21 December 1990

t o

BS

4 9 7 :Part 1 : 1 9 7 6

Speci f icat ion fo r m anho le covers, ro ad gul ly

grat ings and f rames f o r drainage purposes

Part 1. Cast ir o n and cast steel

AMD 6643

Revised

t e x t

AMD 6643

December

1990

Contents

Under 'Tables', delete the t i t l e of table 1 and substitute the following.

' 1 . Grades D and

A

manhole covers and frames.

AMD 6643

F o r e w o r d

Delete the existing text of the foreword entirely and substitute the following.

'This British Standard has been prepared under the

authority of the Road Engineering Standards Policy

Committee.

As

part o f the new approach to harmonization and

standards in Europe, work on manhole covers i s being

undertaken by CEN/TC 165, Drainage, who are revising

EN 124

:

1986, 'Gully tops and manhole tops for vehicular

and pedestrian areas; design requirements, type testing,

marking'.

It

i s

therefore envisaged that the next edition of

this standard wil l be a dual British/EuropeanStandard.

Since the 1976 edition of this standard, traffic growth has

significantly exceeded forecasts and it i s likely that rapid

growth will continue into the next century. I n addition the

maximum permitted weight of heavy goods vehicles has

increased and will increase s t i l l further during the 1990s.

Concern has been expressed by various highway authorities

about the durability of certain grade A products under high

speed, heavily trafficked conditions such

as

on rnotorways

and other primary routes. An increasing amount of

maintenance

i s

required on covers and frames

to

ensure

their continued satisfactory performance, These maintenance

works can be hazardous to motorists and operatives

as

well

as causing congestion and serious delays. I t was tnerefore

agreed to supplement the existing range of grades in BS 497

to cater for these circumstances.

In view of the move towards product standard harmonization

in Europe

it

was decided to introduce a new grade

equivalent to

Class

D 400 of the draft revision of

EN

124.

The new

BS

grade (called D for consistency with draft

EN

124)

has

a

400 kN design load and stipulates

minimum frame dimensions

to

improve stiffness.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself

confer immunity from legal obligations.'

December 1990


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PART*KL

7 6 3 6 2 4 b 6 9 0 2 5 q 5 7 6

9

AMD

6643

December 1990

Clause 6 D es ign requ i remen ts

Delete the first nine lines entirely and substitute the following

Products manufactured to the requirements of this standard

shall be capable of supporting, without fracture, the

following design loads:

Grade of cover Design load

or grating

D

400

A

350

6

150

C 10

kN

AMD 6643

Clause 12. I Grades

Insert the following after the grade

C

category ending

a t

. . to motor vehicles'.

ecember

1990

Grade D Manhole covers and frames, capable of bearing

wheel loads up to 11.50 tonnes, for use in carriageways

carrying fast-moving heavy vehicles, such

as

motoways,

trunk roads and other primary routes. These covers and

frames shall incorporatea permanent non-rock design

feature such as triangular point suspension or machined

faces.'

AMD 6643

Clause 12.2 Shape and size

At the end of

12.2,

insert the following new paragraph.

'For grade

D

frames, slots wi th in the 75 mm minimum

bedding width are permissible in any side of the frame but

there shall be an increase in width t o

give

a

corresponding

increase in solid flange area for that side of the frame.'

December 1990

2

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1624669 0 2 5 4 5 7 7

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AMD

6643

December 1990

Clause 12.3 Test loads for quality control purposes

Delete entirely the 'table' contained in this clause, and substitute the .Alowing.

Test load

Size of block

rade of cover

Ductile

iron

Grey

iron

kN

400

mm

250 dia.

kN

Grade O

manhole covers 267

Grade

A

manhole covers

Grade

B

classes 1 and 2

manhole covers

300 dia.35

50

150

1O 0

300 dia.

Grade

C

inspection covers

7 300 dia.

0

AMD 6643

December 1990

Clause

12.4.6

Keyways

In the final line, delete 'grade

A'

and substitute grades nd A ' .

AMD 6643

December 1990

Tab le

1 Grade

A


Insert the following new table (al.

Table

1

Grades D and A manhole covers and frames

(a). Grade

D


Minimum

depth

of

frame

Minimum

bedding

width of

frame*

6s

reference

Mini mum clear

opening

(see 12.2)

mm

600 dia.

mm

150

mm

75

D

-60

~~

*See 12.2, paragraph

3.

R e t i t l e the existing table as '(b) . Grade D manhole covers and frames:

3

ritish Standards Institute on ERC Specs and StandardsCOPYRIGHT British Standards Institute on ERC Specs and Standards

8/10/2019 BS497-1_1976

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ES1

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7 6 L b 2 4 b b 0 2 5 45 7 8 2

.-

x


D

and A, grade

B

class 1 and kerb-type

gully covers

a t

the purchaser's option

(see 12.4.6)

Agreed alternative sealing method

(see 12.4.8)

AMD

6643

December

199

Yes

No

Yes No

Appendix Summary

of

optional variations

Delete the appendix table entirely and substitute the following.

Minimum clear openings as specified

in 12.5, 13.5 and 14.5

Flat upper surface of gratings

(see 13.4.4)

'Appendix B

Summary

o f

opt ion al variations (see note)

Specific larger openings Yes Yes Yes

Shaped upper surface to gratings No Yes No

(see

13.4.4)

S t a n d a r d

Opt iona l var ia t ions

I A p p l i c a b l e

to:

M a n h o le

Gully

K e r b - t y p e

covers

gra t ings gu l ly covers

Coated in accordance wi th clause 5

Normal sampling and testing

(see clause

7 )

BS marking as given in clause

11

Not coated, or other finishes

I

Yes Yes

I

Yes

Yes

Yes Yes

Additional sampling and testing (see

clause

8

Additional marking (see clause 11) I Yes I Yes I Yes

Manufacturer's choice of shape

(see

12.2 and 13.2)

Open

or

closed keyways in grades D

and A, grade B class

1

and kerb-type

gully covers

a t

the manufacturer's

option (see 12.4.6)

Standard sealing (see 12.4.8)

Particular shape (see 12.2 and 13.2) Yes I Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

No

Non-locking sealed covers Locking device on sealed covers

(see 12.4.9)

No

~

~~

Solid cover top - - - T V e n t i l a t e d cover top

(see

12.4.10)

I

Yes

No

No

NOTE,

Unless op t io ns are specif ical ly requested, a standard

unit

shal l

be

suppl ied. An e xa m p le of a sp e ci f ic r e q u i r e m e n t m ig h t be:

12

n o . m a n h o l e c o k r s a n d f ra m e s t BS 497 :Part 1 reference MA40 b u t h a v in g a c le a r o p e n in g o f 700

mrn

d ia m et e r a n d r o u n d f r am e

shape.

A M O 6643

December 199

Inside back cover

In the

l i s t

of publications referred to, after the reference to

PD

5686,

insert the following.

EN

i

24 Gu l l y t o p s a n d m a n h o le t o p s f o r ve h i cu la r a n d p e d e s t ri a n a re as ;

design requ irements , typ e tes t ing , mar k ing '

Insert the following footnote

to

the l i s t :

' ( Re f e r r e d t o in t h e f o r e w o r d o n l y . '

9012-2-0.8k-8

RI36135

bs497-1_1976

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