brushless dc motors sohaib hasan. motor basics what is a motor –converts electrical energy into...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Brushless DC Motors
Sohaib Hasan
![Page 2: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Motor Basics
• What is a motor– Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy
• Where did it come from– Identification of rotating magnetic field principle
by Nicola Tesla in 1882– Introduction of Electric Motor by Nicola Tesla in
December 1889 (U.S. Patent 0416194)
![Page 3: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Parts of a Motor
1. End Bell Fastners2. Shaft Key & Keyways3. Bearing & Brushings4. End Ball Flanges5. Identification Plates6. Wire Warnish7. Commutators8. Brush Holders9. Laminations10. Conduit Connection Box11. Magnets (Ferrites)
Brushless Motor Components
Brush Type Motor Components Images courtesy of Hernon Adhesives & Sealents (http://www.hernonmfg.com/electricmotor.htm)
![Page 4: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Parts of a Motor
Images courtesy of How Stuff Works(http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor3.htm)
![Page 5: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How It Works• When electric current
passes through a coil in a magnetic field, the magnetic force produces a torque which turns the motor.
• Force in Motor:F=ILBF = Force B = Magnetic FieldL = Length of ConductorI = Current in Conductor
• Torque in Motor:T = IBA sin θA = LWL = Length of WindingW = Width of Winding
Images courtesy of Wikipedia(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor)
![Page 6: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Motor Types
A C Hybrid
E lectricMoto r
DC
Induct ion S ynchronous CompoundPermanent
MagnetS eriesS hunt
B rushlessDC
V ariableFrequency
S teppersS ync hronousPhase Loc ked
Loop
Po lyphase S ingle Phase
W oundRotor
S quirrel Cage S haded Po le Capacito r
C a p a c it o r St a r t
P e r m a n e n t Sp litC a p a c it o r
T wo C a p a c it o r
S ingle /Po lyphase
W o un d F ie ld
P e r m a n e n t M a gn e t
R e luc t a n c e
H y st e r e sis
M ult ip le Sp e e dP o le Swit c h in g
A C- DC S plit Field
M o v in g C o il
B a sk e t W e a v e
D C T o rq u e r
C o n v e n t io n a lC o n st r uc t io n
InverterDriven
Elec t ronicCommunic at ion
S ynchronous Induct ion
W o un d R o t o r
P e r m a n e n t M a gn e t
St a t o r C o n t r o l
R o t o r C o n t r o l
ReluctancePermanent
MagnetS mall A ngle
R e luc t a n c e
P e r m a n e n tM a gn e t
![Page 7: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Brushless DC Motor
• No Commutators
• Position of Coils with respect to the magnetic field is sensed electronically.
• Current is commutated through electronic switches to appropriate phases.
![Page 8: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How it Works
• Halls Sensors sense the position of the coils
• The Decoder Circuit turns appropriate switches on and off
• The voltage through the specific coils turns the motor
Images courtesy of Servo Magnetics(http://www.servomag.com/flash/2-pole/2pole-bldc-motor.html)
![Page 9: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Advantages
• Increased Reliablilty & Efficiency
• Longer Life
• Elimination of Sparks from Commutator
• Reduced Friction
• Faster Rate of Voltage & Current
• Precision Voltage & Current Applied to Field Coils
![Page 10: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Applications
• Low Power– Consumer Electronics– Medical Field
• High Power– Industrial Machinery– Vehicles – Airplanes
![Page 11: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Disadvantages
• Requires Complex Drive Circuitry
• Requires additional Sensors
• Higher Cost
• Some designs require manual labor (Hand wound Stator Coils)
![Page 12: Brushless DC Motors Sohaib Hasan. Motor Basics What is a motor –Converts electrical energy into kinetic energy Where did it come from –Identification](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022081515/551b5ad5550346d41a8b6507/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Useful Links• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor
• http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/motor3.htm
• http://www.hernonmfg.com/electricmotor.htm
• http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hframe.html
• http://www.servomag.com/flash/2-pole/2pole-bldc-motor.html
• http://www.engineersedge.com/motors/brushless_dc_motor.htm
• http://www.freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/application.jsp?nodeId=02nQXGrrlPY7r803B5