bruce koehler's presentation to mcwcc on 1-30-07
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Stream Restoration in Butler and Hamilton CountiesPresentation to Mill Creek Watershed Council of Communities
on January 30, 2007by Bruce Koehler, Environmental Planner
(aka Commodore Koehler)
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Stream restoration: So what?
Yes, it benefits plants and animals.
But wait, theres more . . .
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Stream restoration can cut costs by:
reducing maintenance needs
simplifying regulatory compliance protecting water supplies
preventing health threats
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It can cut costs and protect property by:
slowing erosion
mitigating floods saving infrastructure
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It can raise revenues by:
providing local places for recreation
attracting residents and businesses improving property values
increasing tax base
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Indian Creek, Butler County, Oxford Township, Schlichter Property
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What: Indian Creek Bank Stabilization Project
Where: 5 sites on Indian Creek in Butler County
When: July 1994 through December 1997
Who: OKI Regional Council of Governments
Butler Soil & Water Conservation Dist.ODNR, Division of Wildlife
Why: Reduce erosion and sedimentation
Improve streamside habitatHow: $26,400 federal funds from Section 319
$18,500 local services in kind$46,900
total value
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Mill Creek Watershed
Stormwater Quality
Management Project
Natural and Mechanical
methods for StormwaterManagement
Doug SmithSenior Environmental Planner
OKI Regional Council ofGovernmentsCincinnati, Ohio
Best Management Practices Evergreen tree revetments Streambank re-grading
Livestock fencing Removal of trees & root wads Riparian tree plantings
Minor channel modification Hardwood tree kickers
Willow postings
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Red Cedar Revetments with Fence Posts
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Hardwood Tree Kicker
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Mill Creek, Butler County, West Chester Twp., Port Union by SR 747
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Wetland during high water stage for Mill Creek
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Before Commercial
Developments and Wetland
Mill Creek
Farmland
Old Ohio-Erie Canal
Route 747
Before Commercial
Developments and Wetland
Mill Creek
row crop farmland
old Miami-Erie Canal
State Route 747
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Before Commercial
Developments and Wetland
Mill Creek
Farmland
Old Ohio-Erie Canal
Route 747
After Development and
Wetland InstallationLiz Claibornewarehouse
Mill Creek
detention basins
constructed wetland
State Route 747
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Mill Creek
Farmland
Route 747
What: Mill Creek Watershed Stormwater Management Project
Where: Mill Creek, Butler County, West Chester TownshipMill Creek drainage way, Hamilton County, Evendale
West Fork Mill Creek, Hamilton Co., Springfield Twp.When: 2001 through 2004
Who: OKI Regional Council of GovernmentsMill Creek Watershed Council of CommunitiesSchumacher Dugan Construction, Inc.
Sysco Foods, CincinnatiHamilton County Engineers OfficeJ.F. New & Associates (Dr. Craig Straub)Woolpert Consultants (Warren High)University of Cincinnati (Dr. Michael C. Miller)Greenacres Foundation (Anne Lyon)Butler County Department of Environmental ServicesButler and Hamilton County SWCDsNorthern Kentucky University (Dr. Barry Dalton)
Why: Demonstrate stormwater management practices
How: $227,000 federal funds from Section 319 program
$224,000 local services in kind$451,000 total value
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Best Management Practices Constructed floodplain wetland (hydrological links)
Contoured landscape (pit, ponds, slopes, uplands) Erosion control coir matting Newbury riffles Turf reinforcement matting in drainage swales Native herbaceous plant plugs Native trees and shrubs Natives grasses, sedges and wildflowers
Erosion control coir logs Tree tubes, mulch mats, geese barriers Riparian corridor trees Willow postings
Oil & grit separators
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Wetland ShrubsSmooth alder
Black chokeberryButtonbushWinterberrySwamp rose
Pussy willowElderberryMeadowsweetSwamp rose meadow
Southern arrow wood
Wetland TreesRed maple
Silver mapleSweet gumPin oakSwamp white oak
Black gumSycamoreGreen ash
Upland TreesEastern hemlock
Arbor vitaeWhite ashKentucky coffee treeTulip tree
Red oak
Herbaceous Plants
Softstem bulrushThree-square bulrushSweet flagCommon arrowhead
Prairie cordgrass
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Before: stormwater drained directly to the Mill Creek
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After: stormwater drained through wetland ponds & swales
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Wetland after two or three growing seasons
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Results:
Biological Water QualityFindings based on macroinvertebrate samples:
Wetlands biological water quality is substantially
better than that of the large stormwater detentionpond next to the wetland and comparable to that ofthe Mill Creek segment alongside the wetland.
Wetlands invertebrate taxa richness is equal to thatof the Mill Creek, but the wetland and stream do notshare the same species.
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Results:
Chemical Water QualityWetland has higher dissolved oxygen, lower
conductivity, and lower turbidity than the stream
during low flow conditions.When the stream is at bank-full flow, its waterquality is more similar to the wetlands, but the
wetland still has lower turbidity.
When the stream overflows its banks and floodsthe wetland, the two water systems sharebasically the same chemical water quality
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Results:
SedimentsWithin the wetland, turbidity decreases as
one goes from the wetlands upstream
ponds to its downstream ponds. Thisshows that the wetland is settling out thewaterborne sediments of sand, silt and
clay as water flows through it.
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Results:
Hab
itatWetland appears to be performing well as a
wildlife community that is still diversifying.
Birds seen: great blue heron, mallard duck (whichnested there), blue- winged teal, kill deer, turkeyvulture, red-shouldered hawk, peregrine falcon,white egret, red-winged blackbird, Canada geese,eastern kingbird
Other animals seen: snakes, bullfrogs, cricketfrogs, toads, minnows, shiners, several species ofdragonflies, damselflies, water striders, crayfish
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Traps Oil,Grit,
Grease &
Trash
A Vortechnics oil and grit separator was selected as a mechanicalmeans to reduce nonpoint source pollution conveyed by stormwater.
Shallow designreduces installation
costs and maintenancepump-out volume.
Uniquegrit chamber
designeffectivelyremoves solid
pollutants
Unobstructedaccess
to the grit chamberallows for easy
clean-out.
Low Flow Controlprevents floatable re-entrainment andoptimizes swirlingaction during lowintensity storms.
High Flow Controlprovides surge
protection duringpeak flows a wide
range of treatmentcapacities providedwith precast and
cast-in-placesystems.
EasyMaintenance
80%TSS
Removal
Wide Range of
TreatmentCapacities
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Installing oil and grit separator bottom at Sysco Food Services
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Installing oil and grit separator top at Sysco Food Services
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Oil and grit separator and the bypass weir
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The place where shopping carts went to die
Tributary to Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
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What: Beaver Run Riparian Corridor Restoration Project
When: 2003 2004
Where: Beaver Run (Mill Creek tributary) Springdale, Hamilton CountyTri-County Creek, tributary to Beaver Run, Springdale
Who: OKI Regional Council of GovernmentsCity of SpringdaleStraub Ecological ServicesCDS Associates, Inc.Sunesis Construction Co.Mill Creek Watershed Council and Dr. Michael C. Miller
Why: Prevent erosion to protect backyards and parkland,
reduce siltatation, mitigate flooding, lower maintenance costsand restore riparian corridor
How: $209,000 state money from Clean Ohio Conservation Fund$185,000 local cash and services in kind
$394,000 total value
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Best Management Practices terrace walls composed of soil lifts encapsulated in coir matting
coir (coconut fiber) matting and coir logs
widened stream channel
gently sloped streambank
stone-lined channel for energy dissipation
plunge pool consisting of rock and gabion walls
native vegetation (seeding, herbaceous plugs, woody cuttings, shrubs and trees)
cleanup (shopping carts, concrete slabs and trash)
eradicated non-native, invasive plant species (honeysuckle bushes)
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Prairie: big bluestem grass little bluestem grass side-oats gramaSeed Mix: Canada wild rye switch grass Indian grass
seed oats annual rye Timothythimbleweed butterfly weed sky-blue aster smooth blue aster New England aster white wild indigocream wild indigo partridge pea prairie coreopsis
Illinois sensitive plant Illinois tick trefoil coneflowerrattlesnake master round-headed bush clover rough blazing star wild lupine prairie hergamot wild quinineprairie cinquefoil common mountain mint yellow coneflower black-eyed Susan rosin weed compass plantprairie dock old-field goldenrod showy goldenrodCulvers root heart-leaf meadow parsnip
Herbaceous bottlerbrush sedge brown fox sedge wool grass
Plant Plugs: dark green rush chairmakers rushWoody buttonbush sandbar willow silky willowCuttings: black willow silky dogwood red-osier dogwood
peach-leaved willow false indigo bush
Upland smooth serviceberry coralberry bladdernutShrubs: gray dogwood witch hazel staghorn sumac
hazelnut blackhaw viburnum
Mesophytic ninebark spicebush nannyberryShrubs: buttonbush bladdernut blackhaw viburnum
Upland shagbark hickory white oak red oakTrees: white ash black walnut redbud
sugar maple Ohio buckeye paw pawtulip poplar Kentucky coffee tree bur oak
Mesophytic white ash red oak tulip poplar Trees: Kentucky coffee tree bur oak sweet gum
shingle oak shellbark hickory sycamore
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Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
Installing a terrace wall
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Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
Installing a terrace wall
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Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
Installing a terrace wall
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Installing a terrace wall
Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
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Installing a terrace wall
Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
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Installing a terrace wall
Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
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Springdales version of the Serpentine Wall
Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
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Native vegetation starts growing along the terrace wall
Beaver Run, Hamilton County, Springdale, Chamberlain Park
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Before/After Beaver Run Restoration Project
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Before/After Beaver Run Restoration Project
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Gently sloped bank and matting prevent erosion
Beaver Run, Mill Creek tributary, Hamilton County, Springdale
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West Fork Mill Creek, Hamilton County, Colerain Twp., Groesbeck
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Live fascine bundles stabilize streambank toe
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What: West Fork Mill Creek Restoration Project
When: 2003 2004
Where: two sites by West Fork Mill Creek, Colerain Twp., Hamilton Countyone site along a tributary to West Fork Mill Creek
Who: OKI Regional Council of GovernmentsColerain TownshipJ.F. New & Associates (Dr. Craig Straub)
Hamilton County Soil & Water Conservation DistrictMetropolitan Sewer District of Greater CincinnatiUniversity of Cincinnati (Dr. Michael C. Miller)
Why: Naturalize three former repetitive-loss flood damage sites,
reduce streambank erosion, reduce siltatation andrestore riparian corridor
How: $44,000 state money from Clean Ohio Conservation Fund$37,000 local services in kind$81,000 total value
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Best Management Practices live fascines coir fiber matting coir fiber mulch mats
native vegetation(seeding, woody cuttings, shrubs and trees)
eradicated non-native, invasive plant species
(honeysuckle bushes, winter creeper)
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Keith Corman -- township trustee, bailiff, conservationist
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If your soil is rocky, dont try this at home, kids
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Sometimes, stream restoration needs heavy equipment
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The most recent EPA National Water Quality Inventoryreports that stormwater runoff from urban areas is theleading source of water quality impairment(EPA841-F-96-004G).
Photo courtesy of USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
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What: Great Miami Runoff Reduction Project
When: 2005 2007
Where: Heritage Park on Big Bend of Great Miami River, Colerain Twp.Who: OKI Regional Council of Governments
Miami Conservancy DistrictColerain TownshipGreenacres Foundation (Anne Lyon)
University of Cincinnati (Dr. Michael C. Miller)Friends of the Great MiamiHamilton County Soil & Water Conservation DistrictHamilton County Storm Water DistrictU.S. EPA
Why: Demonstrate best management practices that reduce stormwaterrunoff and improve water quality
How: $65,000 federal funds from Targeted Watersheds Program$33,000 local services in kind
$98,000 total value
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Best Management Practices
Rain garden Pervious parking area Plant native trees and tree nuts along river Eradicate non-native bush honeysuckle Clean up river junk and trash
R i d i H i P k
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Rain garden site at Heritage Park
T k t t l t ll t b
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Teamwork: transporter, planters, collector, bagger
Planting a rain garden for the Great Miami Runoff Reduction Project
Father and son working together
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Planting a rain garden for the Great Miami Runoff Reduction Project
Father and son working together
Littl b th t t h l
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Planting a rain garden for the Great Miami Runoff Reduction Project
Little brother wants to help
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Excavate, build curbs, place geo-textile, spread crushed limestone
Installing a pervious parking area at Colerain Townships new Heritage Park
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Level and compact the crushed limestone
Installing a pervious parking area at Colerain Townships new Heritage Park
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Place paver stones on the compacted layer of crushed limestone
Installing a pervious parking area at Colerain Townships new Heritage Park
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Heritage Parkpervious parking area
Use:Pull-off apron for buses,
vans and other big vehicles
Dimensions:
11 feet wide (except on ends)120 feet long (on longest side)
1,300 square feet (approximately)
Cost:$16,500 for labor & materials
(excluding curbs and excavation)
$12.70 per square foot
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Mill Creek at Hopple Street Viaduct, Cincinnati
BMP: replace low-head dam with in-stream habitat structure
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Grouted rip rap, cement and other hard armorsolutions are only temporary in a stream.
Heavy equipment begins work in Mill Creek channel
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Heavy equipment begins work in Mill Creek channel
Replacement of a lowhead dam with an in-stream habitat structure
Manmade riffle starts taking shape
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Manmade riffle starts taking shape
Replacement of a lowhead dam with an in-stream habitat structure
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In-stream habitat structure during normal stream flow
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In-stream habitat structure during high stream flow
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Mill Creek near Gest Street and wastewater treatment plantBMP: replace low-water crossing with in-stream habitat structure
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Concrete is doomed to failure in dynamic streams
Rock groin being installed on left
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Rock groin being installed on left
Bio-engineered streambank during construction
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o e g ee ed s ea ba du g co s uc o
Bio engineered strembank has multiple layers
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Bio-engineered strembank has multiple layers
Finished project looking downstream from rock groin
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Finished project, looking downstream from rock groin
Mill C k H d t
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Mill Creek Headwaters
TMDL Implementation Project
Federal Funding: $498,000
Local Match Service: $472,600
Main Purposes1) Educate public on how to reduce water pollution
2) Evaluate BMPs at five or more project sites
3) Reduce nonpoint source pollution by installing:
4,000 or more feet of stabilized streambank
2,000 or more feet of restored riparian corridor
5 or more acres of restored floodplain wetland
Implementation Grant Project Partners
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Implementation Grant Project Partners
West Chester Parks and Recreation
Schumacher Dugan Construction, Inc.
Butler Soil and Water Conservation District
Mill Creek Watershed Council of Communities Butler County Dept. of Environmental Services
Greenacres Foundation
University of Cincinnati (Dr. Michael C. Miller)
Butler County Engineers Office
City of Sharonville?
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In summary . . .
Over the past decade, OKI has:
sponsored six stream projects that have,
received $816,000 worth of federal funding and
received $253,000 worth of state funding, while generating nearly $1 million worth of local in-kind services.
OKI is also sponsoring a drinking water protection project with:
$69,000 in federal funding $50,000 of local in-kind services
9 project partners
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What legacy will we leave for our children?
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