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Capacity Building for Promotin
Hyderabad – Aug
BRTS Ahm
g PPP in Urban Infrastructure
gust 20-21, 2008
medabad
I P GautamBRTS in Ahmedabad
City area of 466 sq kmCity population of 55 la19 lakh vehicles growi19 lakh vehicles, growi2 wheelers-73 percent2 wheelers 73 percentBus trips- 9 lakh per daShorter and more dispelength 5 8 km comparelength 5.8 km compareSuccessful tradition ofSuccessful tradition of transport service in the
d
- radial structureakh ing @ a lakh paing @ a lakh pa
ayersed average trip ed to other citiesed to other citiesoperation of municipaloperation of municipal
e form of AMTS
Experience of PPPExperience of PPP
i PPP ia unique PPP experim
outsourced supply & ooutsourced supply & oprivate sector p
20 operators
560 CNG buses
Driver hired by operatorDriver hired by operator
Bus operations and maits owner/operator
AMC d id th hAMC decides the schedeployment and also c
P model in AMTSP model in AMTS
tent
perations of buses toperations of buses to
rr
intenance- responsibility of
d l f bedules for bus collects the revenue
ResultsMajor improvements in operations service quaoperations, service qua
The cost per km of bus oThe cost per km of bus oRs. 40 per kilometer to b
Improvement in quality o
Number of buses increasNumber of buses increas1060 (2008) leading to incoverage.
Increase in number of paIncrease in number of pa355,000 (March ’05) to 93
efficiency of ality ridershipality, ridershipoperations came down fromoperations came down frombelow Rs 25/km
of buses (New Euro-III)
sed from 460 in 2004 tosed from 460 in 2004 to ncrease in frequency and
assengers per dayassengers per day 30,000 (July ’08)
BRTS Ahmedabad - KeyCh llChallenges
Determining scale, cWho should invest inWho should invest in
Infrastructure DeveloOperation and MaintB P tBus ProcurementOperation of Busesp
What should be thef i BRTS ?for managing BRTS ?Who and how shoulWho and how shoulcompensated, in case
y Issues and
coverage, and design::opmentptenance Infrastructure
institutional arrangemen??d Operating Losses bd Operating Losses be they arise.
BUS PROCUREMENT CONSOLIDATION OF EXISTI
ERATIONS & MAINTENANCE MULTIPLE PRIVATE CONSOR
STRUCTURE MAINTENANCE
FARE COLLECTION ONBOARD FARE COLLECTI
CITY PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
FARE COLLECTION ONBOARD FARE COLLECTI
SYSTEM REGULATIONS No route rationalization or newwere made. Individual bus opobtained license for a route. Othe segregated corridor wherewith their respective routes.
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVBOGOTA
COLUMBIA) 20042004
BUS OPERATIONS AND MA
BUS PROCOLUMBIA) 2004, 2004, Phase IIPhase II
INFRASTRUCTURE MA
FARE
SYSTEM R
ING BUS OWNERSBOGOTA
(COLUMBIA) 1988 1988
RTIUMS/OPERATORS
( )2000, Phase I2000, Phase I
ION BY BUS OWNERSION BY BUS OWNERS
w regulations erators
Old buses used e it coincided
VELOPMENT CITY PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
AINTENANCE
OCUREMENT CONSOLIDATION OF EXISTING BUS OW
MULTIPLE PRIVATE CONSORTIUM (paid b
AINTENANCE CITY PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
COLLECTION PRIVATE FARE COLLECTOR (escrow accou
REGULATIONS New institutional structure was formed Trunk
AHMEDABAD BRT SYSELEMENTSELEMENTS
Cl d t t k dClosed system – trunk andwork in integration with oth
Central bus lanes
Median bus stops
‘Closed’ bus shelters
Distance based fare – sma
Integrated ticketing systemAMTSAMTS
Automatic vehicle tracking
STEM - KEY DESIGN
d f d i td feeder services to her modes
art cards
m – Trunk, feeder and
g systemChandkheda
Sabarmati
RTOSola RoB
AA
Sabarmati Rly. stn
Bopal Kalup
AECGujarat
University Gandhigram Rly. stn
Gujarat University
Bopal KalupRly. St
ManRl
Shivranjani Nehrunagar
Rly.
Narol
N dNaroda villageAhmedabad
Airport.Naroda GIDC Airport
ur
Naroda
Odhav Industrial
Railway Stations
GSRTC terminals
Odhav
ur tn.
ninagar t
Soni ni chaali
estate
University/ educatiocampus
I d t i l t tstn.
Vatva
Industrial estates
Vatva Industrial estate
Phase 1 corridors (58 k
Phase 2 corridors (30.5
MULTI PURPOSE AREA
Parking, Auto Stands, SLandscapeLandscape
CYCLE TRACKS
ACCESS TO BUS STATIONS
CYCLE TRACKS
STATIONS
STRIAN SSING
MIX
eating,
PEDESCROSS
TREE LINSTREETS
BRTS BUS STATIONS
BRTS LANES
XED TRAFFIC LANES
S STATION PROTOTYYPE AT GMDC
ctronic Fare Collection Sys
Inspectors
RTS feeder/ AMTS INTERGRATED BRT stops
(off-board collection)
ndheld machines)TICKETING ON ENTIRE PUBLIC TRANSIT
SYSTEMSYSTEM
h ll ti
stem
Communication
Communicationn
Linkn
Link
BRTS fare collectionDatacenter
)Central databas
Pass issuing centeyp g
RSPECTIVE VIEW
g
E
ShWW
Ramp
Assessment of Different Imple
PUBLICPUBLICDelayed implementationHigh cost of projectnefficient operations (monopoly)Non-viable (service quality deterioration)
Govt. creates infrastructure while bus operGovt. takes guarantee of other servicesEfficient bus operationsProper regulation can lead to sustainable oProper regulation can lead to sustainable o
VATISATION OF ALL ELEMENTS Timely constructionProject Costs could be high Monopoly may harm public interestMonopoly -may harm public interestLow level of service / high fare may lead to Critical city level network in private hands my pcommercial rights etc.
ementation Models for BRTS
rators invest in buses
operationsoperations
fall in rider shipmay create issues of integration, monopolyy g p y
PP Potential in BRTS –
Curitiba URBS Bogota TransMi
urementPrivate Private
urement
Operations Private Private
Collection Public Private
t Fund Public Private
rol Center Public Public
rational Public Publicning
ng the Fare Public Public
em Design Public Public
ice Public Publicdards
– International Example
lenio
Santiago Beijing BRT
Private Public
Private Public
Private Public
Private Public
Private Public
Private Public
Public Public
Public Public
Public Public
PPAHMEDABA
PPAD MODEL
City Specific DesCity Specific Des
Integrated BRTS, AMTS l T f OSeamless Transfer - Ointegrated ticketing sysg g yCommon control centeT ffi i l iTraffic circle improvemUnique operational arrUnique operational arrsupplementary systemoperating system (dueoperating system, (duebackground)
signsign
TS and Feeder busesO ti k t f ll dOne ticket for all modes-stemer- ITS elements
tmentsangement-AMTS isangement AMTS is
m and not the main e to historicale to historical
vices
BRT TruBRT Truservices
AMTS services
Feeder services
Ahmedabad JaAhmedabad Ja
AJL is going to operag g phas the responsibility
i i AMTSexisting AMTS systeframework of efficienframework of efficiennetwork.network.
anmarg Limitedanmarg Limited
ate the BRT and also y of integration of the
i h lms into the larger nt public transportnt public transport
BRTS Infrastructsessment of all options, AMC has t ti f BRTSmentation of BRTS
lement Ownership Creatiolement Ownership Creatio
oadways AMC AMC
us Stations AMC/AJL* AMC/A
OB/Skywalk AMC Pvt SecOB/Skywalk AMC Pvt. Sec
RT Buses Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sec
MTS Buses Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sec
d P S P Seeder Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sec
TS Public Pvt. SecBus Stations advertisement rights with AJL
TS Public Pvt. Sec
RTS, AMTS & Feeder Ot
ture carefully created its own model for
on Operation Maintenancon Operation Maintenanc
AMC AMC
AJL Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sector
ctor Pvt Sector Pvt Sectorctor Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sector
ctor Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sector
ctor Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sector
P S P Sctor Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sector
ctor Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sectorctor Pvt. Sector Pvt. Sector
Operated as integrated
BRT Bus ProvisioFleet Strength of 250 buses envisoperators . Diesel Buses of Floor Hp
Bus Service Providers to purchase,specifications on specified routes unp pcharge.
Minimum of 72000 km promised to thpmonthly commitments.
Ticket revenues to be determined,,advertisement revenues to be sharedof 20:80
Selection of Bus Provider through a t
• Qualifying CriteriaQualifying Criteria
• Ownership of 40 buses or 20
R 300 l kh t• Rs 300 lakh turnover
• Bidding Criteria – Quoted Per kilo
on saged to be provided through 3-eight of 860 mm selected.g
, operate and maintain buses of givender AJL supervision for a per kilometep p
he operator in a year’s time without anp y
charged and retained by AJL. Ob bug yd between operator and AJL in the rati
two stage bidding process
0 taxis
ometer charge
ey Terms and Condiy
permanent route allocation Only kilompermanent route allocation. Only kilomber of buses allocated on each route o
senger movement patterns.
minimum km guarantee per day. Guara( l ) Thi ll i ti i ll( annual ). This allows variation in allo
rations.
te per kilometer is fixed based on formors like fuel cost, inflation indicators etc,
te per kilometer would be sufficient for ntenance but not so high that the syste
es would be charged in number of payes would be charged in number of payected from fines would be redistributed
tions of Bus Contrac
meter contract This allows changing themeter contract. This allows changing theon a regular basis based on change in
antee of km only over a longer period ot d k f d t d t ti iocated km from day to day to optimize
ula which is adjustable on external c.
bus operator to provide good m has to be heavily subsidized
yable kilometers for the operator Moneyable kilometers for the operator. Moneamongst good performers
Key Terms and CondiCreation on PPP basisCreation on PPP basis
6 FoBs planned in Phase I to allow acc
FOB Design provided by AMC
• walkway supported by three elevato• walkway supported by three elevato
• commercial space for kiosks/coffee
• toilets and lighting
• advertisement/ display spaceadvertisement/ display space
Revenue model based on advertisemen
Two stage bidding process with length o
Private sector experience - infrastructu
Process has attracted five key playersand moved to RFP stage.g
tions of FOB ss ess to BRTS bus stations
orsors
shops
nt charges, lease for commercial space.
of concession period as bidding criteria
ure construction / outdoor advertisement
s for first package, all of who have qual
BRTS Ahmedabad - KeyCh llChallenges
Determining scale, coWho should implemeWho should impleme
Infrastructure DeveloOperation and MaintB P tBus ProcurementOperation of Busesp
What should bt farrangement for ma
Who and how shoulWho and how shoulcompensated, in case
y Issues and
overage, and designent:ent:opmentptenance Infrastructure
be the institutionai BRTS ?anaging BRTS ?
d Operating Losses bd Operating Losses be they arise.
TITUTIONAL STRUCTU
SPmanagemanage
Board of
General MCECE
Operations & PlanningOperations & Planning
heduling
Planningerations
• Fare Modelntrollinglectionality Control
• Route Planning• Financial analysis• Long term visionality Control • Long term vision
RE FOR BRTS
PV ementementDirectors
ManagerEOEO
AdministrationAdministration
• Financial manageme• Human Resource• Physical Resource
Marketing and communications
M k ti
BRTS Ahmedabad - KeyCh llChallenges
Determining scale, coWho should implemeWho should impleme
Infrastructure DeveloOperation and MaintB P tBus ProcurementOperation of Busesp
What should be thef i BRTS ?for managing BRTS ?Who and how shoWho and how shobe compensated, in
y Issues and
overage, and designent:ent:opmentptenance Infrastructure
institutional arrangemen??ould Operating Losseould Operating Losse
case they arise.
Financing BRTS
Capital Expenditure fuCapital Expenditure fu
Operating Expenditurp g pticket and advertisem
Any shortfall would be
N d lNew revenue modelsPPP for Bus Stop O&PPP for Bus Stop O&
Commercial exploitat
Leveraging land use
O td h diOutdoor hoardings a
unded through NURMunded through NURM
re funded partly througp y gment revenues.
e funded by AMC.
b i l d f thbeing explored further:&M&M
tion of Terminal/ Depot land
pattern
d d ti t i htnd advertisement rights
Conclusion and Key L
Ahmedabad BRTS is suAhmedabad BRTS is suof PPP formats in infras
The journey so far hlessons :lessons :
Indigenous and city spel devolved.
While entire projectp junbundled projects suc
Institutional Capacity tInstitutional Capacity taugmentation.
essons
uccessfully using a numbeuccessfully using a numbestructure and bus provisio
has thrown up some ke
ecific model of PPP needs to b
may not lend itself to PPPych as FOB may find application.
to monitor and supervise neeto monitor and supervise nee
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