brown and expanding to los angeles the new piccadilly
TRANSCRIPT
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 116
Architecture NewsArchDaily Architecture News
Read more raquo
The Contemporary Approach to Rebuilding Cities Post-Disaster The Case ofBeirutabout 19 hours ago
Almost 6 months ago on August 4th 2020 the city of Beirut was shaken by one of the biggest non-
nuclear blasts in history Leaving the northern side of the capital in ruins the explosion damaged
around 40000 buildings New contemporary structures completed recently by local international
architects are now facing reconstruction dilemmas raising existential questions such as How
should reconstruction eorts of ldquonewrdquo damaged buildings look like Should architects rebuild
them as they were before the blast erasing what has happened or should they leave scars and
portray new realities
In order to explore ideas and highlight dierent perspectives ArchDaily had the chance to sit with
three architects whose buildings were impacted by the blast Bernard Khoury Paul Kaloustian and
Lina Ghotmeh talked about their projects and their vision of the reconstruction of Beirut with
ArchDailys Managing Editor Christele Harrouk alongside Architectural Photographer Laurian
Ghinitoiu who documented in a featured photo series the extent of the destruction
Save this article
OMAs New Film Explores the Hospital of the Futureabout 20 hours ago
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
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ah Pivot|panoramahreg
Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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A new film by OMA Reinier de Graaf titled ldquoThe Hospital of the Futurerdquo has been released as a part
of the exhibition Twelve Cautionary Urban Tales at Matadero Madrid Centre for Contemporary
Creation Dubbed a ldquovisual manifestordquo the 12-minute short film questions the long-standing
conventions in the field of healthcare architecture in terms of the methodology behind how
hospitals are built and also why they are built in certain ways Through an exploration of the role
that disease has played in shaping cities the film oers a lens into the future of what we might
expect for healthcare design especially as we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic
Save this article
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotelabout 21 hours ago
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
ARCHITECTURE PUBLICATIONS
More publications raquo
Architecture and Labor
ARCHITECTURE COMPETITIONS
More competitions raquo
Ethiopian SatellitePreschools Competition
ARCHITECTURE EVENTS
More events raquo
We Need to Talk AboutPlanning and Designingfor Climate JusticeFebruary 05 2021
Spring 2021 LectureSeriesJanuary 25 2021
At Home Projects forContemporary Housingat Garagem SulFebruary 10 2021
INTERVIEWS
More interviews raquo
Social Value UnderpinsHow We DesignMatthew Ollier onHawkinsBrown andExpanding to Los Angeles
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Most Quoted Products
FIBER CEMENTS C
EQUITONE
Fiber CementFacade Panelhellip
WINDOWS
panoramahreg
ah38 - Flexibility
PLASTICS FIBERS
Rodeca
TranslucentBuilding Elements
LOUVERS SHUTTERS
Technowood
SunshadeSystems
Read more raquo
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
Save this article
Read more raquo
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracyabout 22 hours ago
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Save this article
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Read more raquo
Timber Takes the Heat What Every Architect Should Know About WoodConstruction and Fire Protectionabout 22 hours ago
Since immemorial time humans have constructed their shelter and homes using wood Gradually
these structures grew more complex but wood has continued to play a fundamental role in
architecture and construction Today especially due to growing concerns about climate change
and carbon emissions wood has been regaining significance as an important building material for
the future if used consciously and sustainably Woodrsquos structural performance capabilities make it
appropriate for a broad range of applicationsmdashfrom the light-duty repetitive framing common in
low and mid-rise structures to the larger and heavier oen hybrid systems used to build arenas
oices universities and other buildings where long spans and tall walls are required
Save this article
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Likeabout 23 hours ago
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Read more raquo
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
Save this article
Read more raquo
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High DensityEnvironmenta day ago | Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
Save this article
10 Innovative Cabins That Experiment With Their Materials2 days ago
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Read more raquo
While the traditional image of the cabin is one of a rustic wooden home located far away from any
trace of society architects have been experimenting with these conventions alongside newer
material and technological considerations to push the boundaries of the lsquocabinrsquo today Whether it is
by reimagining the aesthetics of the cabin or by utilizing advanced fabrication techniques to
modernize the rustic or even by reconfiguring the log cabin for the city setting architects and
designers have utterly transformed traditional cabin architecture for a more contemporary
existence Below we consider 10 innovative cabins that achieve this transformation through
experiments with dierent materials and construction technologies While each explore dierent
strategies and functions many share similarities in their use of prefabrication systems in their
dedication to sustainability and in their close attention to and optimization of specific material
properties
Save this article
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan2 days ago
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
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Read more raquo
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Save this article
Read more raquo
Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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Read more raquo
because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
Read more raquo
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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Read more raquo
Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
Read more raquo
How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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Read more raquo
creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
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The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
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Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
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News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
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MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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Save
Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
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Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
Share
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
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Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
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No but Im interested in architecture
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httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
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2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
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Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 46
Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
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Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
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Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 33
ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
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ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืืืืืืื ืจ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืจื ืฉืืืProject X Club|ืืืืื
ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืจืกืื ืืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืืชืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
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ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
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ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
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TRADEONE
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ืืื ืืืื 2020
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ืืจืืฉืื
ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืฉืืชืืคื ืคืขืืื
ืืขืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืกืงืื
ืืืื ืืืื
ืืืฅ ืืืจื
ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช
ืืืืจืืช
ืชื ืื ืฉืืืืฉ
ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
ื ืืืฉืืช
ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
ืจืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืขื ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืคื 2 ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืฆื ืืงืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืืกืคืช ืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืืื ื ืฉืงืืื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืืืจืื
ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
ืืืืืื ืืกืืคืืช ืืชืงืืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืกืงื ืืช ืื ืืฉืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืืขืฆืชืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืืืฃ ืชืงืฆืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืื ืืืข ืืขืืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืฆื ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืงืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉื ืืืฉืืจ
ืืขืงื ืื ืื ืืฉืื 2 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืขืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืื ืชืื
ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืงืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืชืืืฆืื ืืคื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืืืงืจืืชืืืืจืืช ืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืื ืืคื ืืกืงื ืืช ืืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืฆืคืืื ืืฉืคืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืคืขืชื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืกืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืื ืืืืืชื ืขื ืชืงืฆืื ืืืืื ื ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืช
ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 216
Read more raquo
A new film by OMA Reinier de Graaf titled ldquoThe Hospital of the Futurerdquo has been released as a part
of the exhibition Twelve Cautionary Urban Tales at Matadero Madrid Centre for Contemporary
Creation Dubbed a ldquovisual manifestordquo the 12-minute short film questions the long-standing
conventions in the field of healthcare architecture in terms of the methodology behind how
hospitals are built and also why they are built in certain ways Through an exploration of the role
that disease has played in shaping cities the film oers a lens into the future of what we might
expect for healthcare design especially as we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic
Save this article
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotelabout 21 hours ago
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
ARCHITECTURE PUBLICATIONS
More publications raquo
Architecture and Labor
ARCHITECTURE COMPETITIONS
More competitions raquo
Ethiopian SatellitePreschools Competition
ARCHITECTURE EVENTS
More events raquo
We Need to Talk AboutPlanning and Designingfor Climate JusticeFebruary 05 2021
Spring 2021 LectureSeriesJanuary 25 2021
At Home Projects forContemporary Housingat Garagem SulFebruary 10 2021
INTERVIEWS
More interviews raquo
Social Value UnderpinsHow We DesignMatthew Ollier onHawkinsBrown andExpanding to Los Angeles
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 316
Most Quoted Products
FIBER CEMENTS C
EQUITONE
Fiber CementFacade Panelhellip
WINDOWS
panoramahreg
ah38 - Flexibility
PLASTICS FIBERS
Rodeca
TranslucentBuilding Elements
LOUVERS SHUTTERS
Technowood
SunshadeSystems
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sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
Save this article
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Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracyabout 22 hours ago
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Save this article
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 416
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Timber Takes the Heat What Every Architect Should Know About WoodConstruction and Fire Protectionabout 22 hours ago
Since immemorial time humans have constructed their shelter and homes using wood Gradually
these structures grew more complex but wood has continued to play a fundamental role in
architecture and construction Today especially due to growing concerns about climate change
and carbon emissions wood has been regaining significance as an important building material for
the future if used consciously and sustainably Woodrsquos structural performance capabilities make it
appropriate for a broad range of applicationsmdashfrom the light-duty repetitive framing common in
low and mid-rise structures to the larger and heavier oen hybrid systems used to build arenas
oices universities and other buildings where long spans and tall walls are required
Save this article
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Likeabout 23 hours ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 516
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From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
Save this article
Read more raquo
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High DensityEnvironmenta day ago | Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
Save this article
10 Innovative Cabins That Experiment With Their Materials2 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 616
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While the traditional image of the cabin is one of a rustic wooden home located far away from any
trace of society architects have been experimenting with these conventions alongside newer
material and technological considerations to push the boundaries of the lsquocabinrsquo today Whether it is
by reimagining the aesthetics of the cabin or by utilizing advanced fabrication techniques to
modernize the rustic or even by reconfiguring the log cabin for the city setting architects and
designers have utterly transformed traditional cabin architecture for a more contemporary
existence Below we consider 10 innovative cabins that achieve this transformation through
experiments with dierent materials and construction technologies While each explore dierent
strategies and functions many share similarities in their use of prefabrication systems in their
dedication to sustainability and in their close attention to and optimization of specific material
properties
Save this article
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan2 days ago
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
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Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 716
Read more raquo
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Save this article
Read more raquo
Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 816
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 916
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because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
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The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1016
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Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
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How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
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10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
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Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
ื ืฉืื
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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About this author
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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LOG IN WITH OR SIGN UP WITH DISQUS
Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 311
facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
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ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
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ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
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The Wall Street Journal
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ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
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2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
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ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
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ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
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httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 416
Read more raquo
Timber Takes the Heat What Every Architect Should Know About WoodConstruction and Fire Protectionabout 22 hours ago
Since immemorial time humans have constructed their shelter and homes using wood Gradually
these structures grew more complex but wood has continued to play a fundamental role in
architecture and construction Today especially due to growing concerns about climate change
and carbon emissions wood has been regaining significance as an important building material for
the future if used consciously and sustainably Woodrsquos structural performance capabilities make it
appropriate for a broad range of applicationsmdashfrom the light-duty repetitive framing common in
low and mid-rise structures to the larger and heavier oen hybrid systems used to build arenas
oices universities and other buildings where long spans and tall walls are required
Save this article
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Likeabout 23 hours ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 516
Read more raquo
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
Save this article
Read more raquo
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High DensityEnvironmenta day ago | Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
Save this article
10 Innovative Cabins That Experiment With Their Materials2 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 616
Read more raquo
While the traditional image of the cabin is one of a rustic wooden home located far away from any
trace of society architects have been experimenting with these conventions alongside newer
material and technological considerations to push the boundaries of the lsquocabinrsquo today Whether it is
by reimagining the aesthetics of the cabin or by utilizing advanced fabrication techniques to
modernize the rustic or even by reconfiguring the log cabin for the city setting architects and
designers have utterly transformed traditional cabin architecture for a more contemporary
existence Below we consider 10 innovative cabins that achieve this transformation through
experiments with dierent materials and construction technologies While each explore dierent
strategies and functions many share similarities in their use of prefabrication systems in their
dedication to sustainability and in their close attention to and optimization of specific material
properties
Save this article
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan2 days ago
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 716
Read more raquo
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Save this article
Read more raquo
Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 816
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 916
Read more raquo
because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
Read more raquo
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1016
Read more raquo
Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
Read more raquo
How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
Read more raquo
OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
Read more raquo
6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
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PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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ah Pivot|panoramahreg
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
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How Will Our Future Cities Loo
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httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
Be the first to comment
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
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FASTENERS
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HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
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ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
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FIBRE CEMENT CO
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More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
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ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
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Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
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About this author
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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Save
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
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Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
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Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
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ืกืืืจ ืืืื
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ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
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ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
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ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
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ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
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ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 33
ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
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ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืืืืืืื ืจ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืจื ืฉืืืProject X Club|ืืืืื
ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืจืกืื ืืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืืชืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืืื
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
G ืืืืื
The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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ืฆืคืื ืื ืืข
ืืืจืืืืจ
TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืฉืืชืืคื ืคืขืืื
ืืขืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืกืงืื
ืืืื ืืืื
ืืืฅ ืืืจื
ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช
ืืืืจืืช
ืชื ืื ืฉืืืืฉ
ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
ื ืืืฉืืช
ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
ืจืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืขื ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืคื 2 ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืฆื ืืงืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืืกืคืช ืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืืื ื ืฉืงืืื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืืืจืื
ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
ืืืืืื ืืกืืคืืช ืืชืงืืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืกืงื ืืช ืื ืืฉืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืืขืฆืชืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืืืฃ ืชืงืฆืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืื ืืืข ืืขืืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืฆื ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืงืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉื ืืืฉืืจ
ืืขืงื ืื ืื ืืฉืื 2 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืขืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืื ืชืื
ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืงืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืชืืืฆืื ืืคื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืืืงืจืืชืืืืจืืช ืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืื ืืคื ืืกืงื ืืช ืืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืฆืคืืื ืืฉืคืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืคืขืชื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืกืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืื ืืืืืชื ืขื ืชืงืฆืื ืืืืื ื ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืช
ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
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ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Read more raquo
Timber Takes the Heat What Every Architect Should Know About WoodConstruction and Fire Protectionabout 22 hours ago
Since immemorial time humans have constructed their shelter and homes using wood Gradually
these structures grew more complex but wood has continued to play a fundamental role in
architecture and construction Today especially due to growing concerns about climate change
and carbon emissions wood has been regaining significance as an important building material for
the future if used consciously and sustainably Woodrsquos structural performance capabilities make it
appropriate for a broad range of applicationsmdashfrom the light-duty repetitive framing common in
low and mid-rise structures to the larger and heavier oen hybrid systems used to build arenas
oices universities and other buildings where long spans and tall walls are required
Save this article
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Likeabout 23 hours ago
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From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
Save this article
Read more raquo
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High DensityEnvironmenta day ago | Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
Save this article
10 Innovative Cabins That Experiment With Their Materials2 days ago
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While the traditional image of the cabin is one of a rustic wooden home located far away from any
trace of society architects have been experimenting with these conventions alongside newer
material and technological considerations to push the boundaries of the lsquocabinrsquo today Whether it is
by reimagining the aesthetics of the cabin or by utilizing advanced fabrication techniques to
modernize the rustic or even by reconfiguring the log cabin for the city setting architects and
designers have utterly transformed traditional cabin architecture for a more contemporary
existence Below we consider 10 innovative cabins that achieve this transformation through
experiments with dierent materials and construction technologies While each explore dierent
strategies and functions many share similarities in their use of prefabrication systems in their
dedication to sustainability and in their close attention to and optimization of specific material
properties
Save this article
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan2 days ago
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 716
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Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Save this article
Read more raquo
Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 816
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
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The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
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How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
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Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
Share
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
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AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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Fastmountreg
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Louis Poulsen
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AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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Leaf Facade Panel
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panoramahreg
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
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How Will Our Future Cities Loo
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
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WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
FOLLOW
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 311
facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 411
The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
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We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 36
Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
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httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
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ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
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ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
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2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
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ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
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Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High DensityEnvironmenta day ago | Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
Save this article
10 Innovative Cabins That Experiment With Their Materials2 days ago
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While the traditional image of the cabin is one of a rustic wooden home located far away from any
trace of society architects have been experimenting with these conventions alongside newer
material and technological considerations to push the boundaries of the lsquocabinrsquo today Whether it is
by reimagining the aesthetics of the cabin or by utilizing advanced fabrication techniques to
modernize the rustic or even by reconfiguring the log cabin for the city setting architects and
designers have utterly transformed traditional cabin architecture for a more contemporary
existence Below we consider 10 innovative cabins that achieve this transformation through
experiments with dierent materials and construction technologies While each explore dierent
strategies and functions many share similarities in their use of prefabrication systems in their
dedication to sustainability and in their close attention to and optimization of specific material
properties
Save this article
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan2 days ago
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
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Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
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Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
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The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
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Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
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How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
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Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
Read more raquo
creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
Read more raquo
Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
Read more raquo
6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
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ah Hurricane
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
ื ืฉืื
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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About this author
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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LOG IN WITH OR SIGN UP WITH DISQUS
Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
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Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
Selected Projects ofPritzker Laureatesrsquo in2020
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
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ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
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ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
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ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
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ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
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The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
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ืืืื ืืืื
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ืืืืจืืช
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
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ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
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ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
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ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 616
Read more raquo
While the traditional image of the cabin is one of a rustic wooden home located far away from any
trace of society architects have been experimenting with these conventions alongside newer
material and technological considerations to push the boundaries of the lsquocabinrsquo today Whether it is
by reimagining the aesthetics of the cabin or by utilizing advanced fabrication techniques to
modernize the rustic or even by reconfiguring the log cabin for the city setting architects and
designers have utterly transformed traditional cabin architecture for a more contemporary
existence Below we consider 10 innovative cabins that achieve this transformation through
experiments with dierent materials and construction technologies While each explore dierent
strategies and functions many share similarities in their use of prefabrication systems in their
dedication to sustainability and in their close attention to and optimization of specific material
properties
Save this article
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan2 days ago
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 716
Read more raquo
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Save this article
Read more raquo
Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 816
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 916
Read more raquo
because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
Read more raquo
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1016
Read more raquo
Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
Read more raquo
How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
Read more raquo
OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
Read more raquo
creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
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NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
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Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
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httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
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ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
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Fastmountreg
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Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
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httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
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About this author
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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Save
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
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Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
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Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
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ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
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ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
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ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 33
ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
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ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืืืืืืื ืจ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืจื ืฉืืืProject X Club|ืืืืื
ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืจืกืื ืืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืืชืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืืื
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
G ืืืืื
The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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ืฆืคืื ืื ืืข
ืืืจืืืืจ
TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืฉืืชืืคื ืคืขืืื
ืืขืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืกืงืื
ืืืื ืืืื
ืืืฅ ืืืจื
ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช
ืืืืจืืช
ืชื ืื ืฉืืืืฉ
ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
ื ืืืฉืืช
ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
ืจืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืขื ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืคื 2 ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืฆื ืืงืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืืกืคืช ืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืืื ื ืฉืงืืื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืืืจืื
ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
ืืืืืื ืืกืืคืืช ืืชืงืืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืกืงื ืืช ืื ืืฉืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืืขืฆืชืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืืืฃ ืชืงืฆืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืื ืืืข ืืขืืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืฆื ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืงืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉื ืืืฉืืจ
ืืขืงื ืื ืื ืืฉืื 2 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืขืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืื ืชืื
ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืงืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืชืืืฆืื ืืคื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืืืงืจืืชืืืืจืืช ืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืื ืืคื ืืกืงื ืืช ืืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืฆืคืืื ืืฉืคืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืคืขืชื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืกืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืื ืืืืืชื ืขื ืชืงืฆืื ืืืืื ื ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืช
ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
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ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 716
Read more raquo
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Save this article
Read more raquo
Outer Space 2020 Winners Announced2 days ago
Blank Space has announced the winners of the second annual Outer Space competition The
competition asked architects and designers to leverage real scientific advances in robotics AI
rocketry and autonomous spacecra to create visions for the near future in outer spaceThe
competition attracted thousands of participants with winning entries showcasing narratives and
images of architecture beyond the planet Earth
Save this article
Brazilian Interiors With Exposed Structures2 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
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The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
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How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
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Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
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More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
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News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
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Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
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Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
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Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
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Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
Share
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Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
Recommend
Share rsaquo
Share rsaquo
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
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Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 311
facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
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What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 36
Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 46
Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 33
ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
k|
ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืืืืืืื ืจ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืจื ืฉืืืProject X Club|ืืืืื
ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืจืกืื ืืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืืชืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
RSS ืืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืจื ืืืขืื
ืืืฉืืช
ืฉืืง ืืืื
ืืืจืฅ
ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื
ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช
ื ืชื ืฉืืง ืืฆืจืื ืืช
ืืื ืืืฉืืื
ืืืืืก ืืง
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
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2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
ืจืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืขื ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืคื 2 ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืฆื ืืงืจืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืืกืคืช ืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืืื ื ืฉืงืืื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืืืจืื
ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
ืืืืืื ืืกืืคืืช ืืชืงืืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืกืงื ืืช ืื ืืฉืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืืขืฆืชืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืืืฃ ืชืงืฆืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืื ืืืข ืืขืืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืฆื ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืงืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉื ืืืฉืืจ
ืืขืงื ืื ืื ืืฉืื 2 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืขืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืช ืื ืชืื
ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืงืืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืชืืืฆืื ืืคื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืืืงืจืืชืืืืจืืช ืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืื ืืคื ืืกืงื ืืช ืืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืฆืคืืื ืืฉืคืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืคืขืชื ืขื ืืืืจื ืืกืืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืื ืืืืืชื ืขื ืชืงืฆืื ืืืืื ื ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืช
ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 816
Read more raquo
Many architects tend to prefer using materials and architectural elements in their natural or raw
state It is common to remove ceilings and finishings especially in renovation projects to expose a
buildings structure This process of reclaiming the natural materials of construction - without
incorporating elements to cover the framework pipes tubes and cables - transforms these spaces
into places that have nothing to hide
Save this article
What to Consider When Choosing a Window2 days ago | Sponsored Content
And a window that looks out on Corcovado Oh how lovely Tom Jobims lyrics immortalized by
Joatildeo Gilberto and Astrud Gilbertos voices and a so guitar was one of the early songs that
introduced the world to the idea of a paradisaical Rio de Janeiro and a promising Brazil with an
increasingly urban population and a modern capital being built from nothing Almost 60 years later
Paulo Mendes da Rocha casually quotes this song in an interview and points out that for him in this
scene the most important element is the window not Corcovado or Christ the Redeemer Thats
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
Read more raquo
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1016
Read more raquo
Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
Read more raquo
How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Save this article
Read more raquo
Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
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EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
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BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
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Dining Table - Blitz
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ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
Share
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
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How Will Our Future Cities Loo
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 311
facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 411
The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 511
Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
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Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 33
ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
k|
ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืืืืืืืื ืจ ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืืืจื ืฉืืืProject X Club|ืืืืื
ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืืืงืืื ืฉื ืืจืกืื ืืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืืชืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
RSS ืืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืจื ืืืขืื
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
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2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
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ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
ืืืืืื ืืกืืคืืช ืืชืงืืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืกืงื ืืช ืื ืืฉืืขืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืืขืฆืชืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืืืฃ ืชืงืฆืืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืื ืืืข ืืขืืืื ืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
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ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
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ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
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httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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because it frames the view and directs our eyes to what matters It is a phrase that goes almost
unnoticed but that carries enormous poetic and artistic significance to the cra of architecture
Save this article
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The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities2 days ago
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Save this article
Rem Koolhaas Explores the Sensory Quality of Materials at the Prada FW21Menswear Showspace3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
Save this article
Read more raquo
How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
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Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
Save this article
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
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Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
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Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
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More Architecture News raquo
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Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
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Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
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DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
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AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
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Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
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AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
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panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
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How Will Our Future Cities Loo
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
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ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
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WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 311
facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 511
Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
ืืงืืืืืื ืืกืืจืืืื ืืืืกืกืช ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืกืืืขืช ืืืืชืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
ืืคืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืื ืง ืืืจืื ืืคืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืืก ืืืคืืืกืืืง bull ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืืก bull
ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
ืืกืื ืืฉืจืื-ืคืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืคืจืช ืฉืืกืืจ
ืืืืื ืืืฉืืช - ืื ืืืคืืื 390 ืืืฃ ืฉืงื ืืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืขืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื850000 ืฉืงื
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httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
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ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
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ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
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2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
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ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1016
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Responding to the challenge of designing a space for the launch of the Prada FW Menswear 2021
Collection by Miuccia Prada and Raf Simons Rem Koolhaas and AMO have designed four
connected geometric rooms that allow for the continuous circulation of the models showcasing
their dierent garments The general theme of the design centers sensory stimulation Like the
designs presented the materials used and their distribution throughout the space speak of a more
intimate connection with our surroundings reminding us that fashion and architecture are more
than just a functional container they are an opportunity to actively excite and provoke our senses
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How to Stimulate Childrens Autonomy Through Architecture and theMontessori Method3 days ago
Maria Montessori began to develop her educational method at the beginning of the 20th century In
general terms the method is a scientific pedagogy that promotes an education that positively
contributes to the development of childrens brains respecting their individuality and stimulating
their autonomy self-esteem and self-confidence
Although the method was created in the last century science is currently beginning to test much of
the information investigated by Maria Montessori For this reason it is increasingly being applied
to architecture for childrenrsquos educational spaces improving the quality of childrens learning and
development and providing them with better tools for their future lives
Save this article
Sir Richard Rogers First Residential Project in New York City NearsCompletion3 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1116
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
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Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
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Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
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creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
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Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
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Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
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Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
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Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
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Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
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AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
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panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
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Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 211
Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 311
facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
Ductalreg Cladding Panels(EU)|Ductalreg
ah Pivot|panoramahreg
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 36
Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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Home Projects Products Folders Feed
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
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ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
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ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
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2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
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The Wall Street Journal
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ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
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2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
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ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
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ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
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ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
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ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
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Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners have unveiled images of their latest venture No 33 Park Row in
New York City Located across the street from City Hall Park in Downtown Manhattan the project
nearing completion and set to oicially launch in the spring of 2021 is the cityrsquos first residential
project designed by Sir Richard Rogers and Graham Stirk of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
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Berlins Tallest High-Rise Set to Break Ground3 days ago
German design practice Barkow Leibinger has finally received a building permit for the Estrel Tower
in Berlin Germany Set to become the citys tallest high-rise at 175 meters the tower comes seven
years aer winning the initial competition Construction is now set to start and the project will be
built on Sonnenallee in Neukoumllln The design references the existing Estrel hotel und connects both
into one unit
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OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
Read more raquo
creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
Read more raquo
Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
Read more raquo
6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
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ah Hurricane
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
ื ืฉืื
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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About this author
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
MOST VISITED
Ncaved House MOLDArchitects
Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
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Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
Selected Projects ofPritzker Laureatesrsquo in2020
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
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ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
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ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
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ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
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ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
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The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
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ืืืื ืืืื
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ืืืืจืืช
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
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ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
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ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
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ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1216
Read more raquo
OMA MVRDV and Heatherwick Among Finalists to Transform Azca FinancialDistrict in Madrid3 days ago
The RENAZCA international competition has released a shortlist for the design of the financial
district of Azca in Madrid Spain according to El Pais Directed by IE School of Architecture and
Design Martha Thorne the competition aims to transform the district into the most important
economic and cultural node in the Spanish capital The winning team will be chosen at the end of
January 2021 and will have the task of transforming the sector into a new open sustainable
urban space connected to the city
Save this article
Architects Are Workers3 days ago
Most of the practicing architecture is drudgery and this is rather unfair As students architects are
given thoughtful prompts about the built environment and its big questions as well as sole
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
Read more raquo
creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
Read more raquo
Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
Read more raquo
6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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Leaf Facade Panel
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ah Hurricane
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
FOLLOW
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
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It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
Timber Takes the HeatWhat Every ArchitectShould Know About WoodConstruction and FireProtection
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
BROWSE THE CATALOG
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ah Hurricane
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
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We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
Selected Projects ofPritzker Laureatesrsquo in2020
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
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ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
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ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
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ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
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ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
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The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
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ืืืื ืืืื
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ืืืืจืืช
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
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ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
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ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
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ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1316
Read more raquo
creative reign to answer those questions That is the only time in the architectrsquos life when this is the
case and in many ways this does not adequately prepare the architecture student for the world of
architecture which is a world of drudgery In reality architects are not heroes
Save this article
Read more raquo
Mar del Plata the Everyday the Historical the Sacred and the Anonymous5 days ago
Mar del Plata is Argentinas second-largest tourist hub just behind the capital Buenos Aires and
sees its population swell by nearly 300 in the summer months To accommodate this influx of
visitors a large portion of the citys real estate is dedicated to hotels and short-term rentals and this
had led to a colorful and varied architectural landscape
To illustrate as well as celebrate this diverse and ever-changing architectural tradition audiovisual
media producer Obralinda initiated the Arqmardelplata project a visual compilation of Mar del
Platas architecture that allows viewers to discover the wide range of styles found throughout the
citymdashfrom the historic to the sacred to the residential to the everyday and to the anonymous
Save this article
Creating a Pedestrian-Friendly Utopia Through the Design of 15-Minute Cities6 days ago
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
Read more raquo
Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
Read more raquo
6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
Berlins Tallest High-RiseSet to Break Ground
Mar del Plata theEveryday the Historicalthe Sacred and theAnonymous
MOST VISITED
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
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Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
ื ืฉืื
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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About this author
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
MOST VISITED
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Garden Room HughStrange Architects
Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
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gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Reairming the EssentialRole of Drawing in Design
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Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
MOST VISITED PRODUCTS
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
Selected Projects ofPritzker Laureatesrsquo in2020
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
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ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
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ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
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ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
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ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
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The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
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ืืืื ืืืื
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ืืืืจืืช
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
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ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
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ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
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ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1416
Read more raquo
Think about the city or town where you live How long does it take you to get to the grocery store on
foot Is your school or work close enough to walk to What about a public park a doctorrsquos oice a
daycare or any other places that you visit on a daily basis While some cities have already
considered what it means to live near all of these necessities others are revamping their urban
planning strategies and designing their neighborhoods to be more pedestrian-friendly with the
concept of a ldquo15-Minute Cityrdquo
Save this article
Read more raquo
Paris to Turn Champs-Eacutelyseacutees into Expansive Urban Garden6 days ago
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo has approved a comprehensive plan to transform Champs-Eacutelyseacutees the
citys most famous avenue Though the euro250m makeover will not happen before the French capital
hosts the 2024 Summer Olympics the proposal aims to turn a 12 mile stretch of central Paris into
an expansive garden The proposal includes reducing space for vehicles turning roads into
pedestrian green areas and creating tunnels of trees to improve air quality
Save this article
Saudi Arabia Unveils Plans for Hundred-Mile-Long Linear City
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1516
Read more raquo
6 days ago
Mohammed bin Salman Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia has unveiled plans for a 100-mile long linear
city called The Line Announcing the project in a new video the city would include a series of
walkable communities for a million people with no cars or streets The project locates essential
facilities within a five-minute walk of housing connected modules linking the Red Sea coast with
north-west Saudi Arabia as part of the NEOM city-state
Save this article
Architecture and Urban Planning Exhibitions What Can They Tell Us Aboutthe Future of Cities6 days ago
Whether as a retrospective a collection of contemporary works or a compilation of prospects for
the future - and all the other possibilities in between - architecture and urban planning exhibitions
have played an important role in shaping the future of cities over the decades These events are
oen open to the public reaching many people who dont necessarily have a background in the
field thus providing great environments to explore a collective view of the future of architecture
and cities
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2112021 Architecture News | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycomarchitecture-news 1616
Read more raquoSave this article
NEXT rsaquo
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 15
The new Piccadilly Hotel in the United Kingdom by FCBStudios has received planning approval
from the Manchester City Council Designed for Pestanarsquos Cristiano Ronaldo CR7 brand the hotel is
sited at the corner of Piccadilly and Newton Street with a lounge bar and rooop terrace The
scheme reuses a Grade II listed building with an 11-story new build to mark the gateway to the
Northern Quarter and city center
FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel
Written by Eric Baldwin about 22 hours ago Share
A WARM WINTER WELCOME
When youre ready for a getaway take comfort in knowing your well-being is our top priority
EXPLORE NOW
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
NORD Architects and BBPArkitekter WinCompetition to DesignCopenhagens New FoodCulture Public School
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 25
The new hotel will include over 150 rooms and feature the refurbishment of the Grade II listed 69-75
Piccadilly a former 19th Century combined oice and warehouse building known as the Halls
Building The Piccadilly Tavern which occupies the ground floor of the listed building will also be
refurbished as part of the project As the team explains the site is located within the Stevenson
Square Conservation Area at the entry point into Manchesterrsquos Northern Quarter The proposal
seeks to re-engage this corner with a design that references the unique character of the
Conservation Area through materiality color and facade proportions
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 35
Simon Doody Partner FCBStudios said ldquoThe corner site is long overdue for redevelopment and in a
prominent position that requires a strong architectural presence The vaulted archways wrapping
around the building oer an honest representation of the repetitive nature of the hotel brief
resulting in a contextual and elegant faccedilade design This sets the tone for the 4 hotel and
transformation of the Piccadilly areardquo
The scheme was given unanimous approval at Manchester City Council planning committee
News via FCBStudios
Image gallery
Share
Eric BaldwinAuthor
FOLLOW
About this author
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 45
News Architecture News United Kingdom Manchester FCB Studios
England Architecture Hotels FCBStudios
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed
21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotelgt
ISSN 0719-8884
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TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
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ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
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ah Hurricane
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2112021 FCBStudios Unveils Design for Manchester Piccadilly Hotel | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954242fcbstudios-unveils-design-for-manchester-piccadilly-hotel 55
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Name
Join the discussionhellip
Devin du Plessis bull 19 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Reminds me of Louis Sullivans Guaranty Building in a good way
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 14
Sponsored Content
Do you know a great example of high density living environments built within the last 30 years
Share your knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation To
be truly exemplary the area should include a mixture of functions (at least some of them high-rise)
where the physical fabric retains a human scale at street level despite the high density
You may wonder whos asking for and compiling this information the Chair of Spatial Urban
Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences is committed to building an open-
access repository Sharing best practices across the globe is becoming increasingly vital especially
as many of our western cities are on the eve of unprecedented densification As a humble thank
you for helping to guide this societal challenge theyve allotted 12 rewards for contributors Click
here to submit a project
Societal Context
Like many of our Western cities Amsterdam is on the brink of intensive urban densification The
metropolitan area of Amsterdam plans to add 100000 new dwellings mostly within the existing
urban fabric Compact studio apartments and new situational typologies of high-rises are part of
the program which will increase the densification even further How are we to retain a human scale
in these new high-density environments especially at the street level where our social fabric is
shaped This calls for a new array of examples and precedent studies of successful existing Great
High Density Environments What are their design properties and how are they programmed How
do they succeed in retaining a human scale
Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great HighDensity Environment
a day ago Share
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
Ad
MORE ARTICLES
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Architects Are Workers
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The Women of HKSArchitects andResearchers DesigningResilient Cities
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Why Japan is Crazy AboutHousing
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 24
Sensing Streetscapes Project
These questions are central to the Sensing Streetscapes Project initiated by the Chair of Spatial
Urban Transformation at the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences (AUAS) In a consortium of
spatial design oices and clients of large scale projects action research is explored along three
lines First building on the classic works of Allan Jacobs Jan Gehl and the like six of the most-used
reference locations for these new environments are deconstructed by research through design
Second neuro-architectural technologies (eye-trackers) are deployed to uncover the visual impact
of the applied design principles What are the patterns Do these design solutions indeed mitigate
the high density and intensity to a human scale on the level of the streetscape Finally an
algorithm is developed to trace the most suitable best practices via AI Thatrsquos where you come in
Repository of Great Examples by Crowd Creation
Some high profile examples of great high density environments are well known like in Vancouver
Toronto London Manchester Amsterdam Hamburg and Manhattan Yet what lesser-known
examples of Great High Density Living Environments are out there for us to learn from Share your
knowledge and contribute to the creation of an open repository via Crowd Creation
In order to frame the search a list of desired characteristics
Residential environment in an inner city area
Built within the last 30 years ndash or about to be opened soon
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Wood-Aluminum CurtainWall - TM 60 SE|batimet
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 34
Built for High Density with some high-rise buildings
Success in creating a human scale at eye-level on the street
Some level of mixed functions green design etc - anything that increases the livability of the
environment
Click here to submit a project
You are of course allowed to oer one of your own projects as an example The deadline for
submissions is January 29th 2021 and as a modest gesture of thanks for helping address this
societal challenge 12 rewards are available to contributors Out of the projects that fit the
characteristics consortium members will select the contributors who delivered either multiple
great examples surprisingly interesting examples or in-depth descriptions and pictures 12
entrants will be randomly selected to be rewarded
2 will receive personalized book selections on this topic (favorites of the Chair)
6 will receive an Amazon gi card with a value of euro50
4 will receive a ticket to the Media Architecture Biennale 2021
Winners will be notified personally
Visit the results at httpssensingstreetscapescom The website will remain open aerwards so
feel free to keep sending your examples
Image gallery
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2112021 Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-high-density-environment 44
Text Message Html
News Articles High-Density Amsterdam Open Call For Ideas
TAGS
Cite Knowledge Quest Submit Your Proposal for a Great High Density Environment 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom953392knowledge-quest-submit-your-example-of-a-great-
high-density-environmentgt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 13
From climate crisis to How Will We Live Together as we face the current and accentuated global
challenges many of our ideas about the cities of tomorrow are changing So how will the city of the
future be
The preoccupation with population growth and its eects on urban centers in the coming decades
is no small matter especially when considering how it will impact work and mobility Not only will
there be almost 10 billion on planet Earth by 2050 but the majority of them will live in cities with
the ever-present threat of a new pandemic
How Will We Live Together - the main question introduced in the Venice Biennale 2020 (now 2021
due Covid-19) has become more relevant than ever Faced with doubts we are certain that we are
going to need more places for us to live
Related Article
What Are the Megatrends Reshaping the Architecture Field and the Construction Industry
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) the construction sector is
responsible for up to 30 of all greenhouse gas emissions Definitely one of our biggest concerns
As climate change induces more volatile events and long-term sea level rises is there a new kind of
city coming our way
Its time to think about where we direct our energies as humans and to reassess the work that we
do that brings us happiness and the cities that will allow us to do that
Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like
Written by Fabian Dejtiar about 23 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
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Transparent Buildingsand the Illusion ofDemocracy
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
The ContemporaryApproach to RebuildingCities Post-Disaster TheCase of Beirut
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 23
We want to oer our readers the space to share their thoughts on how future cities will look like
The comments will be curated and published in an upcoming article
News Articles Cities Public Opinion Future Cities
ArchDaily Topic 2021 The Future Of Cities
TAGS
Cite Fabian Dejtiar Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily Accessed 21
Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-likegt ISSN 0719-
8884
Yes I am architec
No but Im interested in architecture
Im studying architecture (or related field
Google Forms ืกืืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืช
ArchDaily ืืืืคืก ืืื ื ืืฆืจ ืืชืื
How Will Our Future Cities Loo
Write your opinion in the field b
ื ืฉืื
Are you related to archite
Natio
ื ืฉืื
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Fabian DejtiarAuthor
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About this author
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2112021 Serious Question How Will Our Future Cities Look Like | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954887serious-question-how-will-our-future-cities-look-like 33
0 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy
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Start the discussionhellip
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BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 15
Sou Fujimoto Architects has unveiled its design for the top part of the tallest skyscraper in Japan
ldquoTorch Towerrdquo in Tokyo collaborating mainly with Mitsubishi Estate Company CO LTD and
Mitsubishi Jisho Sekkei Inc Standing tall at 390m the highrise building planned to be ready by
2027 takes on a large plaza at around 300m generating a space for people
Scheduled for completion in 2027 Torch Tower was first revealed on Sou Fujimotorsquos Instagram
account Located in Chiyoda ward Tokyo the project will put in place oices commercial facilities
hotels as well as public spaces Implemented in the area of the Marunouchi Reconstruction NEXT
stage named Tokyo Torch which extends to the north of Tokyo Station the project is aligned
with the townrsquos vision to brighten and energize Japan transcending generations and national
borders
Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan
Written by Christele Harrouk 2 days ago Share
MORE ARCHITECTURE NEWS
More Architecture News raquo
Italy to Rebuild theColosseum withRetractable Floor
ZHA Wins Competition toBuild Tower C atShenzhen Bay SuperHeadquarters Base
WeissManfrediReimagines Iconic USEmbassy Campus in NewDelhi India
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 25
With the concept of Happiness and health building that connects the city to the future the new
addition of 63 floors above ground generates a new typology of highrises In fact at around the
height of 300m Sou Fujimoto has imagined a large semi-outdoor Hill-like-Plaza in the middle of the
structure creating ldquoa Place for Peoplerdquo Instead of limiting itself to ldquoan objectrdquo the intervention
aims to introduce a super highrise 390m complex building for people in the skyline of Tokyo
Related Article
Recent Images Highlight Completed Structure for Sou Fujimotos House of Hungarian Musicin Budapest Hungary
The lower part of the building takes on halls aerial walkways or terraces underground pedestrian
spaces directly connected to Tokyo Station and hydrophilic spaces along the Nihonbashi River
centered on a large-scale plaza Designing the upper part Sou Fujimoto reinterprets the traditional
square usually present on the ground floor seeking to shi from standards know-hows and cutting
the homogenous verticality of a tower In addition to the plaza at 300m the crown of the tower
encompasses an oice with a sky lobby a hill in the sky a hotel and an observation facility
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 35
Torch Tower
Year of completion 2027 (planned)
Location Chiyoda Ward Tokyo
Use Oices underground malls underground parking lots commercial facilities hotels public
cultural sports street station squares
Theme City planningredevelopment urban civil engineering environmental assessment
landscape
Site Area Approximately 31400Total Floor Area Approximately 544000Number of floors 63 floors above ground 4 floors below ground
Construction S structure some SRC structure
Image gallery
Share
Christele HarroukAuthor
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 45
News Architecture News Tokyo Sou Fujimoto Sou Fujimoto Architects
Highrise Japan Plaza Extension Public Square Highrise Building
City Of The Future Tower
TAGS
Cite Christele Harrouk Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan 19 Jan 2021 ArchDaily
Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-
tokyo-japangt ISSN 0719-8884
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
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2112021 Sou Fujimoto Reveals Design for Torch Tower in Tokyo Japan | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom954996sou-fujimoto-reveals-design-for-torch-tower-in-tokyo-japan 55
2 Comments ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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LOG IN WITH OR SIGN UP WITH DISQUS
Name
Join the discussionhellip
Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
A monster building that has no humanity safeness form-function unity participationnaturalness amp health
Bagaboo bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
gt Livon Diramerian
It actually looks really cool and has an amazing view full of light What drugs areyou on Livon
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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2112021 The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-researchers-designing-resilient-cities 111
Designing resilient cities combines practical solutions with innovative ideas Interdisciplinary
global firm HKS is working to bring these ambitions to life with researchers urban designers
nurses anthropologists graphic designers and more Viewing design as a process of discovery
three directors at HKS are leading how cities explore research equity and integration to create
more resilient futures
Building on ArchDailys series celebrating the extraordinary women that shape our world the
following interview features the work of architects at HKS Upali Nanda PhD AIA is the HKS
Director of Research focusing on the impact of design on human health and perception Yiselle
Santos Rivera AIA is a medical planner and Director of Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion who
is empowering the next generation of leaders while creating inclusive platforms for engagement
Finally Julie Hiromoto AIA is a Principal and Director of Integration delivering large-scale projects
including One World Trade Center The three architects discuss their design inspirations and
challenges as well as what its like to practice today
The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers DesigningResilient Cities
Written by Eric Baldwin 2 days ago Share
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Why did you each choose to study architecture
Julie Hiromoto As a child of immigrants we still had family scattered all over the world when I was
young Growing up I had the good fortune to travel and visit with family in South America Asia and
across the United States I remember the awe at arriving in a new place and understanding the
stark dierences in the built environment How California Michigan Lima and Cusco Peru as well
as Taipei and the countryside of Taiwan were so dierent from my small hometown of Valdosta
GA The homes of my relatives were dierent the public spaces were dierent and how people
lived were prompted by dierences in culture climate and economics This was fascinating and I
couldnrsquot stop asking questions This curiosity was formalized when I took my first technical drawing
course in junior high school with Mr Pitchford He instilled in me a love of draing instruments the
crisp and purposeful lines and an understanding of material representation I was so proud of
those perfectly spaced uniformly parallel straight lines from my first assignment
Yiselle Santos Rivera Growing up in Puerto Rico I was enamored by creating spaces and using all
household objects (couches pillows sheets and boxes) to build new and unique magical places I
could share with my younger brother Still I chose genetics as my first academic pursuit Similarly
to architectural concepts I loved learning about the building blocks of humanity and how slight
variations created dierent species Yet it was not until my second year of college experiencing
laboratory spaces that felt disconnected from the environment designed by people that did not
understand the tropical environment that I recognized the power of space in how we experience
the world I wanted to be part of an industry that could help others thrive and belong in ways that
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facilitated their success I had to exchange the feeling of being confined to isolated enclosed dark
and gloomy lab spaces for the opportunity to design and build bright engaging and welcoming
spaces that could help heal and empower my community Aer deciding to then pursue
environmental design at the University of Puerto Rico I fell in love with design and I learned to view
architecture as a way of building community
Upali Nanda I didnrsquot I believe architecture chose me In India for most professional degrees you
must take a competitive exam I was preparing for a degree in engineering while pursuing Indian
classical dance On a whim I joined two of my best friends who wanted to study architecture in the
competitive exam Ironically I made it through while they didnrsquot I took a week of classes in
architecture just to test the waters I realized quickly that architecture was the calling I hadnrsquot
thought to seek- it was the intersection of art amp science engineering amp aesthetics the subjective amp
the objective In pursuing a career in research within the practice I continue to explore the
dichotomy and the synergy of the opposing forces that makes architecture
What are some recent projects yoursquove each been working on at HKS
Julie Hiromoto One of my early HKS projects was the Texas Womanrsquos University Denton campus
masterplan update Version 10 of this living document added an adjacent 100-acre municipal golf
course to the historic campus The expansion space allowed for more comprehensive growth over
the next 20 years to support a +30 increase enrollment transition from a commuter to residential
campus expansion of academic programs and key student life amenities The plan highlighted the
importance of personal and community health and wellbeing environmental stewardship civic
engagement and academic excellence Upalirsquos 2017 Point of Decision Design work was a key part
was a key part of our advocacy Today we are working on a garden and outdoor classroom the
newest addition to the campus and a site for remembrance reflection and commitment The
Quakertown amphitheater will recognize TWUrsquos role in displacing an African American community
when the campus was formed in the 1920s Yiselle has been an important part of wrapping our
heads around these complicated issues
Yiselle Santos Rivera The last two projects I had the opportunity to work on were a wonderful
intersection of medical planning and justice equity diversity and inclusion At Nemours Childrenrsquos
Hospital in Delaware we designed the Christiana Care Advanced Delivery Care Suite a new
partnership between both healthcare systems that provides babies with congenital abnormalities
immediate care aer birth In this new space both babies and mothers are treated neither
compromising the care of the other regardless of where the mother receives her care prioritizing
equity for all This model also removes the risk of transporting babies from one system to the other
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The most recent project was a collaboration with Mount Sinai to develop a 500000 sf 240-bed
greenfield tertiary hospital envisioned to be the new role model for health services in South
America Through a private health provider this project seeks to strategically support state
sponsored healthcare for all in Paraguay
Upali Nanda This past year has been one where evidence and empathy have become core needs of
our profession We have seen confusion uncertainty divisiveness and found many gaps in our
knowledge and biases in our beliefs To counter this over the past year our team has worked on
research around risk amp recovery leveraging community to build resilience and create coalitions to
improve health wellbeing and equity Additionally we worked on integrating research into the
fabric of projects such as treating the new campus at University of San Diego as a live-learn lab-
making capital projects the vehicle for research and learning Most importantly we have committed
to being a living lab ourselves and understanding the changing eco-system of work- through
research
What are three concrete changes we can make as an industry and as a society to achieve
gender equality
Julie Hiromoto A first step would be to recognize inherent and systematically engrained inequities
not only for gender but also age race class and culture The first step is acknowledgment and
recognition that bias and social inequities create an uneven playing field Only from this point can
we begin to comprehensively address justice privilege double standards really listen to learn be
more empathetic and act for sustained positive change
Yiselle Santos Rivera 1 Clarity in what constitutes leadership what are the qualities and qualifiers
of an eective leader 2 Transparency in our metrics what system is chosen to create gender and
demographic benchmarks at all levels then to whom and how is that information shared 3
Accountability in achieving our goals how are goals established firmwide and who is responsible
for meeting those goals We all need to be held accountable to increase womenrsquos representation in
senior leadership roles Recognizing also that gender is a social construct inclusive representation
of all gender expressions is important
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Upali Nanda First change our thinking from a human-centered approach to a living-centered
approach and embrace interdependencies in how our built-environment solutions eect (and are
aected by) social and ecological systems Second make a commitment to measuring meaningful
impact so we can course correct when our design solutions do not achieve the intended impact
Finally learn how to pursue goals of economic prosperity guided by the trifecta of equity ecology
and the human experience We are learning that the health of our planet and the health of our
people are intrinsically linked If we can make the business case for balancing growth and purpose
we will be able to not just cra but to Juliersquos point above ldquosustainrdquo positive change
With changes to climate technology and construction how do you think architects and
designers will adapt ways of practicing to advance the profession
Julie Hiromoto There are many fundamental design principles that need to happen before diving
into the big signature moves As wersquove seen with COVID-19 there are small things that we can do
every day ndash wear a mask physically distance ndash that can sustain us while we allow for breakthrough
(oen the result of innovations and new tools and processes in technology and construction)
moments to be more impactful This same thinking should be applied to high performance design
As noted last February in my congressional testimony ldquoSaving Energy Legislation to Improve
Energy Eiciency and Storagerdquo there are fundamental ways to save energy and limit our carbon
and greenhouse gas emissions before leap frogging to onsite generation of renewable energy or a
heavy reliance on advanced technology to solve our climate challenge Reduce Absorb Conserve
then Generate Simple tools like the AIArsquos Framework for Design Excellence help us evaluate a
comprehensive systematic and integrated approach to design and explore the many
opportunities we have to make a dierence on each and every project not just the signature ones
This due diligence will be required if we truly want to transform practice normalize high
performance design and reach our project impact goals
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Architects must find ways to advocate for a seat at the table not only within
the industry but in other spaces and industries like government regulatory environments as we
have seen in healthcare policy The practice of architecture should leverage design thinking and
systems thinking In these COVID times where we are all experiencing things together seemingly
super connected through technology yet apart we have come to see how integrated our systems
can be and yet how fragile our connections Proving people with agency not only in our
workplaces but in our designs can increase opportunities for meaningful connections and
interactions Allowing for flexibility and self-determination through the design of spaces that are
resilience and adaptable at all scales will build community Our designs must be accountable for
the communities it serves and will serve for its lifetime Architects are responsible for the impact
they have in our communitiesrsquo ability to thrive
Nearly half of all architecture students are women but they make up about 20 percent of
licensed architects and 17 percent of partners or principals in architecture firms What accounts
for the disparity
Julie Hiromoto When the norms of value are based on history any change is challenging When
those currently in power seek out familiar traits or the same strengths that they have we replicate
the cultures and values of the past and today Only when we truly value and celebrate our
dierences and recognize how a dierent world view life experiences or way of thinking and
working will enrich and take our conversations and decision making (even if uncomfortable and
slower) to the next level will we seek out these dierent voices That proactive action and trust in
something that you may not already be an expert in will help us transcend the current state
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Yiselle Santos Rivera Inequity in access to resources homogeneity in the measures of how we
define success lack of intentionality in valuing representation lack of tools that increase empathy
and inclusionary leadership skills It is easier to define success when we know what it looks like
When we donrsquot see ourselves a path of success in the industry or people like us to emulate we will
seek other avenues Unfortunately in architecture historically the exodus of women and minorities
seeking better opportunities has kept senior level roles disproportionately male Also elitism in
academia continually translate into the profession Perception that longer hours mean dedication
and productivity without regard to performance do not favor caregivers which tend to be
predominately women Many leaders still feel that giving oneself solely to the job equates to better
outcomes Balance team engagement and well-being have been better predictors of success in
business Studies also show that gender diverse boards and teams outperform homogenous teams
Changes due to COVID-19 have been swi How do you think the pandemic will shape design
Julie Hiromoto Wersquove learned so much in 2020 and suered through the disruptive change too The
soening of lsquobusiness as usualrsquo is a huge opportunity to try something dierent realize meaningful
change realign our priorities and lead with our values The radical transparency and lack thereof
in 2020 brought to the surface issues we didnrsquot talk about before One thing has been proven time
and time again as we have persevered learned and grown the impossible is possible if we are
aligned in our goals and work together We are seeing the value of coordinated and systemwide
collaborative responses parallel workflows replacing linear processes and investment to
incentivize experimentation and exploration
Yiselle Santos Rivera Increased awareness of how the build environment shapes how and why we
interact with each other There has never been a time where we have all been experiencing in real
time the same circumstance yet so physically distant from each other Recognition of connection
and the spaces we use to connectengage have become evident Planning for the future must
account for the need to provide for variability in the built environment to increase resiliency for the
future Question like how we consider future pandemic responses in our designs shouldcould
become part of our vocabulary and design tool kithellip awareness of the need for interconnectedness
in the built environment and how that can either facilitate or hinder how we build community
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Upali Nanda Undoubtedly I think about it in a simple ABCDE approach A- Agility Adaptability will
be a greater priority for design than ever- we will have to stop thinking about capital assets as
ldquofixedrdquo assets and really think of how they can shapeshi with the times and needs B-
Breathability Our breath was held hostage in the pandemic and we all suered Fundamental
human rights like light fresh air and access to nature became premiums Going forward we will
focus on breathable buildings and breathable cities C- Community amp Citizenship We all felt the
loss of community and a realization that architecture urban planning played a key role in
developing communities and potentially a stronger sense of citizenship and public health This will
impact how we design spaces D- Digital Integration Our designs will truly start addressing the
hybrid nature of intertwined digitalphysical timespace assets Footprints amp cloudprints will have
to be thought about together And Finally E- Equity- Social Economic and Digital As designers we
will need to work across the design continuum to take ownership of creating equitable
opportunities by design
In the short-term there will be a lot of focus on risk mitigation and infection control Itrsquos important
to not be reactive in our approach Healthy air cleanable and non-toxic surfaces access to
outdoors clear thresholds and separation help with all infectious diseases The surge we will see in
magic anti-microbials and snazzy decontamination technologies must be clearly reviewed in terms
of their eicacy and their cost to the environment We have been down this path before and itrsquos
important that the reshaping of design is forward focused not reactionary
As you look to the future are there any ideas you think should be front and center in the minds
of architects and designers
Julie Hiromoto Plan for the greater good instead of everyone one at a time We will all get there
faster and more eectively if we work together and help each other instead of the exceptionalism
of lsquome firstrsquo or lsquoIrsquom specialrsquo This doesnrsquot mean taking your foot o the gas and letting someone else
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do it for you we all have a role to play But each of us has dierent skills talents and superpowers
to collectively bring about the change we want to see Surround yourself and work with those
complementary to you instead of more of the same We will all get where we want to be faster if we
protect the common good and work towards shared collective goals Architects have a duty to
protect the health safety and welfare of the public Our design and impact go beyond our clients
or buildingrsquos primary users to the greater community and our built and natural environment
Yiselle Santos Rivera How do you build for a resilient future within your practice your firm and
your community What practices and policies do you have in place that facilitate in creating equity
not only for your colleagues but in your partnerships with all stakeholders in the design process
That the built environment is the backdrop for all human interactions and as designers of the built
environment we can either be silent and complicit or an active and intentional leader in making a
more just and inclusive world We can either be mere participants or innovators increasing our
agency by educating ourselves in what it means to be an advocate and accomplice for everyone
Asking ourselves who is missing at the table and elevating the voices of everyone that will be
impacted serviced celebrated and embraced by our designs
Upali Nanda I think I covered this in the previous point In some ways the pandemic was like a
giant band-aid getting ripped o- and making us aware of some of the issues that were always
festering underneath Itrsquos possible to take a short-term knee-jerk reaction but architects and
designers should become trusted advisors to their clients and advice on forward thinking
evidence-based scenario-based resilient solutions
Architects and designers must advocate clearly about the critical role design plays in reducing risk
increasing resilience and fundamentally re-imagining an eco-system To do so we must invest in
research amp development work with communities and a larger network of stakeholders and design
partners and be seated on the tables that make policy decisions We are entering an era of
coalitions- where creating meaningful partnerships will be essential to growth
News Articles AD Interviews HKS Architects HKS
Women In Architecture ArchDaily Interviews Interviews ArchDaily Interview
Women Architects
TAGS
Cite Eric Baldwin The Women of HKS Architects and Researchers Designing Resilient Cities 19 Jan 2021
ArchDaily Accessed 21 Jan 2021 lthttpswwwarchdailycom955307the-women-of-hks-architects-and-
researchers-designing-resilient-citiesgt ISSN 0719-8884
More interviews from ourYouTube Channel
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Eric BaldwinAuthor
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AD Interviews Winy Maas MAD Interviews Winy Maas M
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Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
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HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
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1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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Livon Diramerian bull a day ago
bull Reply bull
We need creativity
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2112021 Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy | ArchDaily
httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 16
Somewhere between 1914 and 1915 Le Corbusier designed the Maison Dom-Ino a groundbreaking
modular structure that replaced the heavy load-bearing walls with reinforced concrete columns
and slabs The open floor plan with minimal thin elements coupled with large glass facades would
ensure healthy natural daylight for the interior spaces as well as desirable architectural
transparency that could blur the boundaries between interior and exterior mdashat least
metaphorically
Aer more than a century since Le Corbusier shared his ideas for Dom-Ino contemporary
architecture in the wake of a lingering modern era continues to invest in using glass as a solution
for walls and facades Naturally the meaning of this material has changed a little over time
Transparency was originally used to reveal the structure making it more comprehensible but it has
become increasingly associated with ideological values and has been used in government buildings
because it evokes an idealistic openness that transcends the material world and embraces
symbolism In his book The Art-Architecture Complex critic and historian Hal Foster comments on
an example of this the renovation of the German Parliament in Berlin the Reichstag carried out by
Foster + Partners This project as well as many others by the same oice and several other firms
aims at an analogy between architectural and political openness with glass reflecting the
transparency and accessibility of democracy
Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy
Written by Romullo Baratto | Translated by Tarsila Duduch about 22 hours ago Share
MORE ARTICLES
More Articles raquo
10 Innovative Cabins ThatExperiment With TheirMaterials
What to Consider WhenChoosing a Window
Selected Projects ofPritzker Laureatesrsquo in2020
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Another project that explores this analogy is the Bordeaux Law Courts by Rogers Stirk Harbour +
Partners Richard Rogers Norman Fosters friend and former business associate shares the same
views as the author of the Reichstag namely that the physical transparency of glass can reflect the
transparency of a democratic state mdashat least this was one of the ideals he tried to convey to
European governments at a time marked by a sense of unification before the 2008 crisis The art
historian argues that projects like this seek to embody democratic values of openness and
participation
This analogy is however naive and questionable Forcing an approximation between physical
values democratic values and symbolic values can be dangerous and in some cases absurd An
example of this is the project for the Supreme Court of Singapore also designed by Foster +
Partners - given the history of that government the close correlation between the materiality of
glass and the symbolic values of openness and transparency makes no sense and seems to be
much more tied to the image of a spectacular brilliant architecture than to an institution created to
meet the needs of the people
This association of a physical characteristic with a symbolic value is explored in other projects by
the same oice such as the New City Hall in Buenos Aires a glass box covered by an undulating
concrete surface where activity spaces are open naturally lit and visible ensuring good
communication between departments and promoting a sense of communityrdquo Likewise the MOdA
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Headquarters of the Paris Bar Association by Renzo Piano Building Workshop run by yet another
colleague of Richard Rogers With its curious triangular plan and practically all covered in glass
MOdA is ldquosymbolically transparent the life of the building its activity and its comings and goings
will be clearly visible through its facade
The United States Courthouse in Phoenix designed by Richard Meier amp Partners is another
example of this analogy a huge glass box on top of which lies a roof built of steel trusses supported
by very slender columns In the center of the plan there is an atrium - a very well-lit space that
provides clarity and visibility in all directions The Paris Courthouse in France another project by
Piano is a tower of stacked glass volumes and despite the larger scale that is diicult for the
people to grasp the architects emphasize that the vast concourse is totally visible from the
exterior through a crystal-clear glazed facade reinforcing the buildings message of transparency
and ease of orientation
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Similar strategies can also be observed in the Courthouse Extension in Leon Spain by Enrique
Bardajiacute amp Asociados in the Westland Town Hall in Naaldwijk the Netherlands designed by
architectenbureau cepezed and in the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in Queensland Australia
by Architectus + Guymer Bailey Architects The latter makes a radical departure from traditional
court design providing open accessible and transparent spaces designed to express values at the
heart of our democratic way of life including fairness and openness
Glazed boxes with or without sun protection covered by the most diverse structures seem to
constitute a new archetype for institutions and government buildings The sturdiness and opacity
of classic buildings which served the government for many years not only in the matter of
functionality but also symbolically have undergone an X-ray scan in the 20th century leaving only
the image of a structural skeleton with a light bearly perceptible envelope The values behind this
translation suggest a greater commitment of these institutions to democracy and the people but
many well-established examples indicate that this correlation can be questionable or even
careless So why do architects keep designing these buildings this way Is it because of aection for
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 56
the ancient virtues of transparency or because of a naive hope that by merely looking transparent
they will become so
A translucent and cloudy architecture that fails to clearly reveal what is going on in their interiors
would perhaps better symbolize the current political scenario At such a challenging moment for
democracy and human rights there is no doubt that transparent buildings can harbor
authoritarian opaque and fascist governments
The quotes in the text were taken from the text description provided by the architects
Image gallery
News Articles Renzo Piano Building Workshop Norman Foster Glass
Architecture Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners Foster + Partners Democracy
Materials
TAGS
Cite Baratto Romullo Transparent Buildings and the Illusion of Democracy [Edifiacutecios transparentes e a ilusatildeo
da democracia ] 20 Jan 2021 ArchDaily (Trans Duduch Tarsila) Accessed 21 Jan 2021
lthttpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracygt ISSN 0719-8884
Share
Romullo BarattoAuthor
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httpswwwarchdailycom955204transparent-buildings-and-the-illusion-of-democracy 66
1 Comment ArchDaily 128274 Disqus Privacy Policy Login1
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DaleR bull 9 hours ago
bull Reply bull
Is it the recommendation of Mr Baratto that we build government buildings with nowindows and small dark rooms where the public is physically and visually restrained Ihave no idea what Mr Baratto thinks architecture can accomplish in thwarting fascism but Idoubt building massive stone monuments using 19th century structural techniques is theanswer I sympathize with Mr Barattos obvious disgust for authoritarian govenments buthe hasnt shown any correlation with transparent architecture This article is transparentlybad
Subscribe Add Disqus to your siteAdd DisqusAddd Do Not Sell My Data
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Share rsaquo
BROWSE THE CATALOG
ALUMINIUM COMPO
Technowood
Wood Siding inKSR Villa Bodrum
BUILDING MAINTEN
Falcon Lis
Falcon SpiderArticulated Boohellip
METAL PANELS
Aurubis
Copper AlloyNordic Bronze
DINING TABLES
BampB Italia
Dining Table - Blitz
PANELS PREFABRI
AGROB BUCHTAL
Ceramic FacadeSystem -hellip
FASTENERS
Fastmountreg
PanelSafeRestraint System
HANGING LAMPS
Louis Poulsen
Lamp - PHArtichoke
TILES MOSAIC GR
AGROB BUCHTAL
System Solutionsfor Pools amp Spas
PANELS PREFABRI
ULMA Architectural
Leaf Facade Panel
DOORS
panoramahreg
ah Hurricane
WALL CEILING LIG
GIRA
Light SocketOutlet - Plug amphellip
FIBRE CEMENT CO
Tegral
Fibre CementSlate Roofing -hellip
More products raquo
By using ArchDaily you agree to our Terms of Use Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy I ACCEPT
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2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉืืืืขืฆื ืืชืืืจืจืื ืืืื 7500 ืชืืฉืืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืชืืกืคืช ืื ืืื ืฉื 5700
ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ื ืจืืืืืืื ื ืจืื 20121
ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืฉืืืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ื ืืืจืช ืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืืขืฆืืืืงืืืืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืฉืืืจืื ืืืืจื ื-7500 ืืืื ืื-30 ืืืฃ ืืขืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืฉืงืืืื ืืืกืืจืช ืืืืชืื (ืชืื 1079) ืฉืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืฉื 5700 ืืื ืืืชืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ื ืฉืืืฉ ืขื 12 ืงืืืืช ืชืื ืืืกืคืช ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ื ืชืืื ืชืืืืจื ืืืขืจื
ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืฆืืจืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืงืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืชืขืกืืงื ืืฆืคืืืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืชืขืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืงืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ื-320 ืืืฃ ืืจ
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืืืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืขืืช ืืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืขืฆืืช ืืืืืจืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืงืฃ ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืืขืฆื
ืืืืืจืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืคืืืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืฉืื ืืงืืจ ืคืจื ืกืชื ืฉืืืืืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืืฆืจืื ืืืืขืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจืื ืืืชืืื
ืืคืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืชืืืช ืืช ืื ืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืกืืื ืืขื ืืช ืขื ืืืงืืืืืงืืจืช ืืฆืืืขื ืืืืชืื ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืข ื-145 ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืข
ืืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืืงืืืืื ืืกืืืืื
ืฉืจ ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืืจ ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืืกืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืฆืคืืื ืื ืืขืืฉ ืืงืื ืืขืืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืงืืืืื ืืขืืจ
ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืชืคืื ืฉืืจืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืืช ืืงืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืจืืืื ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืฉืื ืื ื
ืขืืฉ ืฆืคืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืืฉืืจืืชืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงืืฉ ืืฉืื ืืืืจ ื ืคืช ืืฉืงืืื
ืจืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืืืช ืืจ ืืกืจื ืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืื ืืชืืืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืืชื ืฉื ืื ื ืขืืฉ ืืืืคื ืฉืืฉืืืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืช
ืืืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืช ืื ืฆืขื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืขืืืจ ืืจืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืืืชืืกืืฃ ืฉืืื ืืกืืจ ืืชืขืกืืงื ืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืชืืืง ืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืช ืืืฆืข
ืืืืืจ ืื ืฆืจื ืืืืืจ
ืืืจืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืฆืจืฃ ื ืชื ืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืืชืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขื ืง ืืืืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืื ื ืขืืฉ
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357873 22
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 12
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืงื ืขื ืืืฃ ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืช ืืืฉ
ืืื ื ืจืื 16121
ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืคืชื ืืคืืจืง ืขื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื (Haikou) ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืwormhole) ืืกืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจืืื ืืืฉ ืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชืืืขืช (Hainan)
library) ืืืืืื ืืืฉืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืงื ืื ืืคื ืืืืจืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืชืจ ืชืจืืืชืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืคืืืช ืืืืจืช ืคื ืืืจืฅ ืคืืกืืืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืคืจืงืืืช
ืืืืงืื
ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืื ืืงืื ื ืืืืจืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืกืชืื ืื-34 ืืืฃ ืงืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืงืืช ืืกืคืจืืื ืืื
32900 ืงืืจ (ืคื 15 ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื) ืืืืื ืืชืืืจืจืื ื-92 ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงืืจ ืืคืจื ืกืืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืงื ืืื ืขืืจ ื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืกืืื ืืืชืืืจืจืื ืื ื-2 ืืืืืื
ืชืืฉืืื
ืืกืคืจืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืชืื ืืืชืจ dezeen ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขื ืคืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืฃ ืฉื ืืคืจืฅืืืืงื ืืืืง ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืงืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืืืืช
ืืืื ื
ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืืื ืฉื ืืืื ื ื ืจืื ืืคืืืช ืคื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉ ื ืงืจืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจืืื ืืฉืื 600 ืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืงืื ื-10000 ืกืคืจืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืื
ืืกืคืจืืืช ืืืช ืืจืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจืืืืืืง ืืฉื ื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืฉืืื ื-300 ืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ืชืื
ืจืืฆื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืกืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืงืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืงืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืช ืงืคืืืืืจ VIP ืขื ืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืื ื ืช ืืจืคืกืช ืชืฆืคืืช ืืื
ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืฆืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืชืื ืืืช ืฉืืืชืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืคืกืืชCNC-ืชืืช-ืืื ื
ืืชืื ืื
(MA Yansong) ืฉืืืงื ื-2004 ืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื MAD ืืช ืืืื ื ืชืื ื ืกืืืืืืืืจืืืืงืืืจื ืฉื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืืจืช ืคืื ืงืฆืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืชืขืกืืงื
ืืกืืจ ืืื ื ืชืจืืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืืืช ืฉืืฉืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืข ืื ืืืฉื ืคืจืืืงื ืืืืจืื ืืคืจืืืื ืฆืืืช Anhui ืืืืื ื Huangshan Mountain Village ืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืงืจืื ืขื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฃ ืืจืืื ืื Fake Hills ืืขืืจ ืืืืฃ Beihai ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืขืฆืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืคืจื ืฉื ืืจืืื (Harbin) ืฉื ืจืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืง
(ืฉื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืืืื)
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืื ืืืงืืช ืกืคืจืืื ืฉืืขืืฆืืช ืืกืืข ืฉืืืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001356574 22
ืืจืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื Evenrsquo ืืกืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืกืื ื ืืช ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืฉืืืฉืืืืง ืืืืืืจื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืขื ืืืฉืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื
ืืืขืชืืง ืื ืืงืื ืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ื ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืก ืืงืืจืืช ืืชื ืชืืื ืชืืื ืชืงืืข ืขืืืจื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืจื ื ืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืืืข ืืืืขืจื ืืืืืืจื ืืขื ืื ืื ื
ืื ืกื ืืืืฆืจ ืืช ืืขืชืื
ืฉืื ืื ืื 1380 ืืจMAD ืชืื ืื ืืฉืจื
ืชืืืื 10000 ืกืคืจืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 13
ืกืืืจ ืืืื
ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืคื ืืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืช ืืชืืง ืืขืืจืช ืชืืืืฉืืืืงื ืฉืืฉื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืก ืืื 18121
ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืจืกื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืกืจืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืขืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืจืชืงืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจื ืขืืคืจ ืืืจ ืขืืคืจ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืขืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืืจื
ืฆืจืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืชืงืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืช ืืคืฉืจืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืงืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจืืืืฆืขืืช ืจืืืฉืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื (ืืื ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืืืืกืืืื)
ืืืืกืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื 2019 ืืืืืขืืขืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ื-20 ืืืืจืช ืงืืืคืืก (Compass) ืืืชืืื ืืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืื
2020 ืจืืฉื ืขืืจืืืื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืชื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืืจืง ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืืืืขื ืงืืช ืืงืืขืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื Serverfarm ืฉื ืืื ืจ ืคืคืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื
ืืฉืืชืคืช ืฉืชืคืชื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืฉืจืื
ื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืช ืื ืืกื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืคื ืืฆื ืชืืืืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืจื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืง ืืขืืชื ืืช ืงืจื ื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืจืืื
ืืืขืืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืชืืืกื ืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืฉืจืื ืืช ืชืขืืืจืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื
ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืจืื ืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืืฉืฃ ืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืจืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืฆืจื ืขืื ืืขืื ื ืชืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืกื ืื ืืคื ื
ืืงืืจืื ื ืจืืื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืงืจืืื
ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืฆืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืช ืืืืฆืขืช ืฉื 24ืืชืขืืืจื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืฉืกืืื
ืึพ15 ืขื ืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืฉื ื-170 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืฉื ื ืขืืฉืืขืืจ ืฆืืืื ืฉื ืชื ืฉื ืืืขืื ื-35 ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืขื ืฉื ืช 2022 ืื ืืืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื 300
ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
httpswwwglobescoilserveglobesprintwindowaspdid=1001357427 23
ืืืจืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืืช ืืช ืชืืืืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืก ืืืื ืืืจ ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืชืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชื ืงื ืืจืืืืฅ
ืกืื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืชืื ื ืืื ืืืฆืืข ืืืงืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืจืงืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืงืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื
ืืืื ืืืืกื ืืืืคืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื
ืืชืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืช ืืคืื ืงืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืจืืื ื ืฉืขืืืจ ืืฉืืืจืื ืื ืคืชืจืื ืืฆืืื ืขืืืจื ืขืืืชืฉื ืืงืืช ืืืจ ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืจืืืืช ืื
ืชืืื ืฉืืฆืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืจืืืชืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืฉืืชืงืฉืื ื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืจืขืืื
ืืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืฆืืข ืืช ืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืคืจืื ืจ ืขื 600 ืืจืฉืืืืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืง ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืึพ1100 ืืจ
ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืืืจ ื ืื ืืจืงืืืืฅ ืื ืืืกื ืื ืืื ืฉื IBI ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืืกื ืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืกืง ืชืคืขืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืคืืขื ืืงืืจืืฆืื ืืคืืื ืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื
ืืืชืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ื ืื ืกืืช ืืื ืืื ืืคืฆืืช ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื
ื ืจืื ืฉืืงืืจืื ื ืขืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืืื
ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืืกืืืงื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืงืืข ืืคื ืืจืืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืขืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืจืืช ื ืงืืขืื ืื ืจืง ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืคื ืฆืจืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืจืช ืฉืจืชืื ื ืืจืฉ ืืืข ืืกืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืก ืืชืืื ืืืืจืฉ
ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืขืืจืืืื ืืืฉื ืจืืฉื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืกืงืช ืืื
ืืืืื ืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืืงืจ ืืืืขืืฅ ืื ืขืื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืชืืืื ืกืืช ืื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืจืื ืื ืืืช ืืืืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืคืขืื ืืืืืื ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืื
ืื ืืกื ืืืคืืงื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืชืืง ืื ืืกืื ืฉืื ืืืืขื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืชืืื ืืืฉืืขื ืืืืงื ืืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืงืื ืคืขืืืืช ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืฆืืจืชืืืช
ืืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืขืฉืื ืืืื ืืืคืฆืืช
2112021 ืืืคืก ืืชืื ืืกืืื ื ืชืงืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจื ื ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื
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ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืื
ืืืจืืื ืืืืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืกื ืืจ ืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืงืืชืคืชื ืืืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจืฉ ืืฉืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืข ืืืื
ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืคืืชืื ืืืื ืืงืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืื
ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืจืช ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืืก ืืฉ ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืกืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืฉืชืืช ืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืงื ืจืื ืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื
ืืืืืฃ ืืขืืงืจื ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ
ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ื-2019 ืืขืื ืฉืึพ2016 ืจืง 12 ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืกืืคืงื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืฅืืืืชืจ ื ืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืื ืชื ืฉื ืืืงืืจ ืืืืฅ ืขืื ื-45
ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืชืืื ืืืฉื ืช 2019 ืชืืื ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ื-13 ืืืืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืช2019 ื-78 ืืืจืืื ืืชืคืขืืื AWS ืืืจืืืช ืืช ืฉืืจืืชื ืืขื ื ืฉื ืืืืื ืื ืืื 35 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ื-2019 ืืคื ื ืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืชื ืขื ื
ืืื ืืก 270 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืื ืฉืืฉื ืช 2024 ืื ืืืืข ื-375 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ
ืขื ืคื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืฉืงืข ืืืงืืชื
ืืืืืืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืงืืข ืืชืืื ืืฉื ืคืืื ืฆืืืืืฆืืืื ืฉืงืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืขื
ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืก ื-20 ืืงืืืคืืก ืืคืืขืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืงื ืืืืืขืจืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืฆืคืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืื ืืข ืฆืืืื ื ืืกืฃ
ืืคืขืืืืช ืืงืืืฆื
ืืืืืืช ืืฆืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืืืืืจืคื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืืืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืชืืชืชืงืฉืืจืช ืืืืฆืขืืช ืกืืืื ืืืคืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืกืคืงืช ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืจื ืชืืืื ืืืขืืจืช ืืืืืข
ืืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืข ืืืกืื ื ืืงืืจืืจ ืืกืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืื ืืฉืจืชืื
ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืฉืืง ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ืืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฆืคื ืฆืืืืืฉื ืชื ืืืืฆืข ืฉื 723 ืืขืืืื ืืืืงืืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืชื ืืืกืื ืืืืื ืกื ืืจืก ื ืืืขืช ืื ืืืืืื
ืืขืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื-ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืืฅ ืจืืืืืืชื ืฉื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืกื ื ืืืืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืืชืืคืืื ืืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืืชืืช
ืืืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื
ืืชืืื ืื ืืฆืืื ืช ืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืกืคืจ ืืฆืืืฆื ืฉื ืืงืืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืคืงื ืฉืืจืืชืืขื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช ืฉืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืขืื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืกืคืฆืืคืืืช ืขื ืื
ืืืืืืช ืืืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืืชืืื
ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืงืืื ืืกืืืช ืฉืืื ืืจืืกืืจืื ืืขืืจืืืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืงืจืงืขืืชืืืฉืจืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขื ืงืืืคืืก ืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืจืืืื
ืืืืขืช ืืฆืคืืช ืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืฆืช ืืจื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืฉืืจ
ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืืกืจืื ืชืงืื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืืฉืืชืืฃ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืงืจืืกืืืขืืจืืืื ืจืืฉื ืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืช ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื ืขืืืจ ืืืืื
Serverfarm ืืืจื ืืงืจื ืชืฉื ืืืงืืช ืืืจื ืืฉืืชืคืช ืืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืืืืงืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืจืชืื
ืงืจืื ืืจืฉืชืืช ืชืงืฉืืจืช
ื ืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืงืืจืืช ืืฉืื
ืืืืจืื ืงืจืื ืขื ืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช
ืืงืืจ ืงืืืฆืช ืขืืจืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 17
ืืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื
ืืืื ืืขืืื - ืืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืชืงืืื
ืืื ืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืขื ืืืกืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืชืงืืื ืืื ืฉืงืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืชืืช ืืืืฉืจื
ืชืื ืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืช
ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืืฃ ืคืืืขื ืงืฉื ืขืืืง ืืชืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืืฉืคืขืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืืชืืืจ ืื ืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืงืืืืช bull ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืงืจืชืืืช ืืืืฉืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืชืขืฆื ืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืืืข ืืืืกืื ืืืงืจืืช ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
1 ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืฉืจืื
ืืืจืืืืคืืฉ ืืืชืจ
G ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืืข ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืฉืคื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืืง ืืคืจืกืื ื ืืื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืงื ืขืืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืง ืืืื ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืื ืืืืชืจืืช ืืืืืก ืคืื ื ืกื ืจืืฉื
ืืืืงืฆืืื ืงืจืืคืื ืืืืงืืื ืืืฉืจืืงืืช ืืื ืกืืจืื ืืืจื ื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 27
ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฆืื-ืืงืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืืืก ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืงืจืืช
ืืืืชืจ ืืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืชืจ bull ืืืจืื ืืขืงื ื ืก ืฆืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืชืจืื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ื bull
ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืช ืฉืงืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื 10 bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
2 ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืคืขืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืื ืืชืืืืกื ืืฉืจื ืืืืฆืจ ืืืืคืชืืข ืื ืจืื ืฉืขื ืืฉืืืข ืชืืื ืืงืืืื ืืช
ืืชืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืื ืืืคืขืืื bull ืืืืฆืจ ืืขื ื ืฉืฆืจืืืช ืืืืงืื ืืคืืกืืืืื ืื ืชืจื ืขื 2040 ืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืืืืืช
ืืืกืืื ืคืจืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืกืืชืจืื bull ืืขื ืืื ืืจืืคืช ืฉืืืช ืืคืืฆืื ืืืขืื ืืื bull ืฉื ื ืืฉืื ืื bull
3 ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืื ืืืจื ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืืืืืจื ืืขืจืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 37
ืืืืงื ืฉื ืืชืจ ืื 2 ืขืืืจ ืืืืืก ืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืขื ืืื ืืช ืืืชืื ืคืจืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืขืฆืื ื-2020 bull
ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืืืจืื bull ืืชืื ื ื ืืขืจืื ืื ืืชืจืืฉืื ืื ืกืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืืืจ bull ืืื
ื ืจืื bull
4 ืจืืืฉื ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืจืคืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืง ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ื ืืงืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื83 ืืืืืืจื ืฉ - ืงืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื
ืืืืฉื ืืฆืืืจ ืืชืืคืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืขืกืงืืืช ืืืืืงืคื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉืื ืฉืงืืื
ืืื bull ืื ืฉืืืืื ืืช ืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืจืง ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืคืช ืืงืืจืื ื ืชืืจืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืขืืืื
ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืจืืืืืช ืื ืืชืงืืืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืืืืช ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช
ืฉืืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
5 ืืฉืืชื ืฉืืขืืืื ืืืืืช ืชืืจืืข ืืช ืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 47
ืืื ืืืืจืื
ืืืขื ืฉื ื ืืคืจืืฅ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืขืจืคื ืกืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืืฉืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืชืืืจ bull ืกืงืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืง
ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืงืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืืืงืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฆืคื ืืงืจืืกืช ืืขื ืฃ bull
ืืจืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืขื ืชืชืืงื ืืื ืฉืืืืืงืื ืื ืืกืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืฉืงืืขืื ืงืื ืื bull ืืจืืง ืืืจืืืกืงื bull
6 ืืืงืืืช ืืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืขืช
ืขื ืจืงืข ืืฉืืจ ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืืจืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืก ืืชืืื ืืก ืฉืื ืืืก ืจืืืฉื
bull ืืื ืืืชื ืืงืืืช ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืก ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืฉ ืืช ืืืืืืช bull ืืื ืืื-ืืื ืจืื bull
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ืจืืข ืืคื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืงืจื ืขื ืคืื ืื ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืคืืจืืืืืืช ืืชืืื
ืืืจื ื ืืืคืจื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืชืื ืฆืืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืคืจืืจืื ืืื ืง
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ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
ืืืฆื ืืื
ืืืชืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 57
ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืืข
7 ืื ืื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืขืช ืขื ืืฉืื ืื ืืจืืืืช ืืคืจืืื
ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืืขืฆื ืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉืื ืชื bull
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ื ืืฉืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืืชืื
ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืื
ืืืืื
ืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืชื
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ืืืืจื ืืืคื ืงืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืื ื33hellipืืืืื|ืคืจืืืงื VIEW ืืืกื ืืืจืืื
ืืงืจืืช ืคืจืืฆื ืืืืืืืช ืคืืคืืืื ืืืืืกืช ืืืฆืืืืจ ืืชhellipืืืืื|ืคืืคืืืื
ืื ืจืง ืืขืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืงื ื ื ืืก ื-33000 ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืงืืืขืh l|
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 67
ืืืืจื ืืช ืืคืืชืื ืืืฉืจืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืืื|VINIA - ืืชื ืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืคื ืืขืืชืื ืื ืื ืืกืคืืช ืืืงืืจ ืืฉืืจืชื ืืืืจ ืืชืืงื hellipืืฉืคื ืืืืืื
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ืฉืืง ืื ืืื ืืคืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืกWeb2info|ืืืืื
ืฆืจื ืืืชื ื ืงืฉืจ
ืืื ืกืืืจื5988 ืคืืืกืืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืืื IOS
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ืขืืชืื ืืืืืืื
English Website
ืืืืืช ืืืืืก
ืืืืืก ืขื ืืืืืก
ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืืคืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื
ืจืืืฉืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืก
ืฉืืืืช ืืชืฉืืืืช
ืืืืข ื ืืกืฃ
ืฆืืจ ืงืฉืจ
2112021 ืืจื ื ืืืืช ืืคืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืื ืืื - ืืืืืก
httpswwwglobescoilnewsarticleaspxdid=1001357159 77
ืืขืืช
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The Wall Street Journal
ืืืฉืจืืงืืช
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TRADEONE
ืืืื ืืืจืกืช ืชื
ืืืคืฆืืืช ืืืขืืฃ
ืืื ืืืื 2020
ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืขืจืืช
ืืจืืฉืื
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ืืืื ืืืื
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ืืืืจืืช
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ืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช
ืชืืืืช
ืืื ืืื
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ืคืจืกืื ืืฆืื ื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 13
ืืจืืจ ืืจืืืจ
ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืืืืืืื ื
ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืช ืืงืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉืื ืชืขืจืืฃ ืืจืืืชืืฆืฅ ืฉืื ืขืืืื 15 ืฉื ื ืืืขืื ืึพ5 ืึพ11 ืฉืงื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืกืืช ืืืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืึพ2019 ืืื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื0655 180121
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ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืฆืฅ ื ืงืืข ืืคื ื 15 ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืจ 2006
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ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืงืื ืฉื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืขื 15ืืคื ืืืืฆืืช ืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืื 2021 ืืขืืื ืชืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืคืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื 8 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช503 ืฉืงืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื 2022 ืืขืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื 11 ืฉืงื ืืืื mdash 120 ืืขื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื
ืืชืขืจืืฃ ืืขืืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ 2024 ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืฅ
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืง ืื ืฆืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื
ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข - ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืืืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื
ืฆืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืงื ืงืืื ื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 23
ืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืื ืึพ80 ืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืงืืจ ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ
ืืื ืืื ืืืกืืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืืื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืืืืืช (ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจืื) ืึพ55 ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืฅ ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืกืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืกืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืกื ืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืึพ10ึพ15 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ื
ืืืชืจ ืึพ80 ืืืืืฆืืืช ืคืืขืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืงืฃ ืืกืืจื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉืื ืืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืืืืืืงืกืืืื) ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืช ื ืืฉื ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืืืช ืืงืจืืื ืืฉื ืช 2019 ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ
ืืกืืื ืฉื 250 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืกืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฆืคืื ืืืืืช ืืืืคื ืืฉื ืื ืืงืจืืืืช
ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืขืืงืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชืืื ndash ืฉืคืืจ ืื ืกืื ืืชืขืฉืืืช ืืื ืืกืื (ืืงืืืฆืช ืจืืืืืงืก) ndash ื ืืกืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืจืื ืื ืืคืืจ ื ืคื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืกืชื ืฉื ืื ืงื ืงืืืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ืจืื
ืืืขื ื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืขืฉืจืืช ืฉื ืื
ืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืขื ื ืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืขืืืื ืชืขืจืืคืื
ืืืื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืช ืงืื ืกืคืืืืืืช ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืืืืืคื ืืฆืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืฆืข
ืืืฆืข ืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืื
ืขื ืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืขืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจ ืคืื ืก ืฉืืืืจื ืืืคื ืืืขืืืช
ืืืืฆืข ืขื ืืงืืช ืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืฆืช ืืงืจืงืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฆืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืกืื ืืชืื ืืืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืชืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืืืฆืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฆืขืื ืืืื ืืืช ื ืืจืฉืื ืืงืืืื ืืกืคืงื ืกืืืจื ืฉื
ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืฉืง ืืืืขืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืืืืฆืืชืื ืืชืื 3 ืืืืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืขืงืืืช ืืืืืืงืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืจืฅ 2020 ืฉืืชืจืืข ืื ืืฉื ืช 2025 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 90ึพ140 ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืื
ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชื ืชืืืืช ืขื 2040 ืฆืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืฉื 70 ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืขื ืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืืกืืก ืืืืกืืจ ืฉื 371ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืคื ืชืจืืืฉ ืืฆืืืื
ืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืจืื ืืืืืฆืจ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช mdash ืืจืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ ืืืื ืืกืื ndash ืืจืืืืืืช ืื ืกืืืจืืืคื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืืฆืฅ ื ืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืืืฅ ืืฉืืขืืจืฉื 74 ืืฉื ืช 2006 ืขื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉื 45 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืช ืืืงืืื ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืฉืืืืืจืืืืจ ืืืืขืืช ืฉืฉืื ืกืงื ืืฉื ืช 2014 ืืจืืืื ืืชืจ ืืชืฉืขืช ืืืืืฉืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฉื 2020 ืืจืืืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืคืืจ 298ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืืืืจ ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืืืืืก ืืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืฃ ืฉืคืืจ ndash ืื ืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจืกื
ืืฉืืื ืฉื 85 ืืืืืืจื ืฉืงื ndash ืจืฉืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืฉื 507 ืืืืืื ืฉืงื ืืื ืืืจ ืขื ืกืคืืืืจ ืฉื ืืข ืื ืืคืขืืืืชืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืคืขืืืืืืช ืฉื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืช
ืืืขื ืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืขื ืฃ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืืื ืจืง ืืืืงื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืฅ ืืฉืืง
ืืืืคืฉื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืฅ ืืชืืฆืขืื ืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืกืืคื (ืฉืคืืจ ืืืฉื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืฉืื) ืื ืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืช ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืฉืืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืคืืืื (ืฉื ืืืืจ
ืืชืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืขื ืืืืื ืขืืจ ืึพ5 ืืฉื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืช ืึพ15 ืฉืงื ืืืื) ืืื ืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืืช ืชืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืฆื ืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืฉืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืจืืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืขืื
ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืืืขืื ืขื ืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืคืื ืืืง ืืืขืืืช ืืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืจืืืืืืช ืืืืื
ืืืจื ืืฆืืืช ืืืืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืข ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืืืื ืืชืืืื ืขื ืืฆืฅ ืืื ื ืืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืฉืืงืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืื ืขื ืชืคืงืืื ืืชืงืื ืฉื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืืจืืช ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืืจืช ืืงืจืงืข
- ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจื ืฉืืงืืื ืฆืืง ืืืืงืชื ืืคืืชืช ืจืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืช ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืขืืืืช ืฆืืฆืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืืคืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืขืืจ ืืคืืืขื ืืงืืคืช ืืืืื ื
ืฆืืืื ืืืจืื ืืื
2112021 ืืืืคืื ืืชืืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ื
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388830300html 33
ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืจืืื ืื ืืชืืืงืจืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืชืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืขืช ืึพ15400 ืขื 18500 ืฉืงื
ืืืืจื ืกืืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืื ืืืขื ืชื ืึพ273 ืืืขื ืช ืืฆืืืช ืืืืฉืื ื ืืืง ืืขืืืง ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืืงื ืืืืกืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืืืืื
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืื ืื ืชืืืืื ืืืขืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืงืฉืื ืืฉืงืื
ืฉืืืืช ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืชื ืจืฉืืื ืืช ืืืืชืืจ ืืืืคืืฉ ืืงืืจืืช ืืฆืืื ืืขืืงืจ ื ืืื ืืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืฃ
ืืืฉืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืชืืจืืช ืฉืืืชื ืฉืืชืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืืงืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืืืชืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืื ืืืช mdash ืืขืืืช ืขื ืื ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืื ืืคืขื ืืืื ืืงืืื ืืช
ืืจืืืืืงืก ืืืฉื 8 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ65 ืืคืขืื ืืืื ืืืกืคืื ืืฉืคืืจ 4 ืืืฆืืืช ืึพ17 ืืคืขืืื ืืืื ืกืื ืืืฉืืจืื 3 ืืืฆืืืชืื ืืืช ืึพ26 ืึพ9 ืืคืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืื ืืงืืืช ืืืกืืช ืืช ืืขืืืช ืืชืืืื ืืขืื
ืืืืจืืช ืืชืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืืช ืืืืืืฉื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 13
ืืืจ ืืืืจ
ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช
ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืขืืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื
ืืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื1534 200121
ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉืืง ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืคืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืืฆืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืจื ืืืฉืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืฉืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืฉื ืืืื
ืืืกืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืคืจืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืงืืืืืช ืืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืื
ืืคื ืฉืจืฉืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืชืขืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืชืงืืืืชื ืืืืืืฉ ืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืื ืืช ืคืืืขืช ืืืืืืขืชื
ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืฆื ืืื
ืงืจืื ืขืื ืืืืืืืกืืืขืงืืืช ืืืฆืคืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืื
ืืขืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืฉื 40 ืืืกืคืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉืจืืช ื-2020 ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ื ืืืงืืคืืื ืืืชืืืืกืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืกืฃ ืงืจืืกื
ืืืืืจ ืืฆืขื ืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืข ืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืช ืืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืคืกืืช
ืงืื ืืช ืืืืืกืืช ืืืืืข ืชืื ืื ื ืืืฉืคืื ืืฉืคื ืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืืืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืื ืืกืืื ืืฉืื ืืืชืืื ื ื ืชืืฉืื ืจืืื ืื ื ืฉืจื ืืคืืขื ืืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืื ืืืืข ืืืฆื ืืคื ืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืฆืืจื
ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืจื ืืืขื ืืื ืช ืืคืืืช ืขื ืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืจืืช ืืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืจืฉืืืืช ืฉืจืืฆืื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืืืข ืขื ืคืขืืืืชืืืืืืขืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืขืืฆืื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืื ื ืืชืื ืืคืื ืืกืื ืฉื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืขืฉื ืกืืืื
ืืืจืื ืืื ืื
ืืืืืข ืืื ื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืื ืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืืืืช ืืกืืกืืืืช ืืืื
ืืืคืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืฉืืชืืช ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ ืืืืืืข ืขื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืืืืชืจืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉื ืขืืืชืช ืืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืื
ืฉืืื ืืช ืืืฉืจืื
ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื
ืืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืจืืืขืืช ืืคืชื ืืชืงืฆืืื ืขืชืง ื ืฉืคืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืืืคืืืืช ืขื ืงืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืคืฉืจืืช - ืืชืจื ืืื ืืจื ื ืืืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืฉืชืืช ืืืืจืชืืืช ืชืฉืืืจืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืืืืืขืืช
ืกืืก ืืขืืจื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืคืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื
ืืขืืจืืืช ืืฆืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคืืืช ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืฆื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืชืืฉืืื
ืืืฆืืืช ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืกืืืช ืืขืืืก ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืขืจืจ ืืืืืจื ืืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืช ืืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืืืช
ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชืื - ืืืืขืื ืืขืืงืคืช ืฉื ืืืืจืจืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืช ืืืืขืืืช - ืืืงืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืฆืืช ืฉืืืฆืืื
ืืืืืืืขื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืฉื ืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืืืืืก ืืืืก ืืคืืชืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืขืจืื ืจืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืจืืืืฉืืขืชืงืื ืืขืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืคืืจืงืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืืืจืืืื ืืกืืจืืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืกืืืืชืืช ืืื
ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืขืืคืื ืจืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืขื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฆืืคืืฃืืชืื ืืจืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืืชืืืฉืืช ืขืืจืื ืืช ืืืืขืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืืงืืช ืืืืชืื ืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืื ืื ืจืขืืื ืืช ืฉื
ืคืืืืืืงืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืจืืช ืืื ืขืจืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืคืชืจืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืฆืืืื ืืืืื
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 23
ืืืฆื ืืฉื ื - ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืขื ืช ืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช
ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขืืจืื ืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืืืืฉืื ืขืฉืจืืชืืชื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืคืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืกืฃ ืื ื ืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืืงืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืช
ืืืืชืจื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืฉืจื - ืืื ืืืืขืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข
ืืืื ืืืช ืจืืืืก ืฉื 300 ืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืืชื - ืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืง ืกืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื
ืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืชื ื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชืจืืฉ ืกืืื ืืชื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืืืช ืืืืคื ื ืืชืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืฉื ืืฆืืืช ืืขืจื ืฉืื ื ืคืจืืคืจืืืช ืืืฉืจ ืืฆืคืืคืืช ืืื ืงืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืืช
ืืืฉืืขืืชืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืื ืืืช ืชืฉืชืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืื 70 ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืชืืืฉืืช ืฉืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืจืืืง ืืืจืืืืก ืืื ืื ืืกืคืืง ืงืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืคืงืงืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืื
ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืืื ืขื ืฆืคืืคืืช ืืชืืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืจืืงืื
ืืืฉืจ ืชืืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืจืืืืก ืืืืจืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืคืจื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืฉืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืช ืฉื ืื ืฉื ืืจืฉืืืืช ืืืงืืืืืชNot in my back) ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืขืืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืขืจืืช ืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืืชืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืืyard) ืืืกืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืกื ืืชืงื ืืื ืืืขื ืืช ืชืืื ืืืช ื ืขืืจืืช
ืขืืจืื ืืืช ืคืืืขื ืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืจืืืืืช ืืฆื ืชืื ืื ื ืฉื ืงืืขื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคืืืืืืืฆืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืืขืจืืชืขื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืขืืืชืืช ืฉื ืฉืจ ืืืืฆืจ ืืฉืขืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืจืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืื - ืฉืจ
ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืจืขื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขืงื ืืืฆืื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืช ืื ืืฉืื
ืื ืื ืืคืชืจืื
ืืืช ืืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืคืืขื ืืขืืจืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืง ืืืืคื ืื ืืืืง ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืืชืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืฆืขื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฆืขื ืืฆืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื
ืจืืฆืื ืืืืช ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืืืงื ืืืืข ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืจืืืืืช
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืืขืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืืจื - ืืคืื ืืืืืื ืขืฆืืื ืขื ืืืจืช ืืฆืืืืจ
2112021 ืฉืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช
httpswwwcalcalistcoilExtCompArticleLayoutCdaArticlePrint1280016492388881000html 33
ืื ืืฉืช ืืืืืข ืขื ืืฉืืืืช ืืกืืืืชืืืช ืฉื ืจืืืื ืคืจืืืื ืฉื ืืจืืชืช ืขืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืงื ืขืืจืื ืืฉืืืคืืืช ืืืชื ืืคืจืืจื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืจ ืฉื ืขืชืืืืช ืงืจืงืข ืืคืืืขื
ืืืกืืจืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืืื - ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืื ืกืคืืจ ืืืงืจืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื
ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืขืืืื ืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืื ืืช ืืืขืจืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืชืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืงื ืืืฉืืืฆืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืช ืืช ืืืงืื ืืจืืื ืืงืืื ืฉื ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชืืฉืืืช - ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ
ืืืืืฆื ืืืืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืืฆืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืืขืช ืืืืืข ืืืืฉื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฉืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉืื
ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืช ืืขืจืืฅ ื ืืื ืืกื
ืฆืืืื ืชืื ืคืืฉืจืืืชืืจ ืืืืื ืฉื ืืขืจืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืื - ืืืคืื ืืช ืืชืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืคืื