broadband v2

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Copyright Zoom Technologies

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Technologies


Remote Site Requirements

Remote Site Requirements

Central Site Should provide needed services and connectivity to end user

Branch Office Provide access to head office to share recourses

SOHO Site with few employees need to access Head office or Branch

Tele-workers Mobile user connect to Head Office to access resources


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Integrated Services for Secure Remote Access


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SOHO Connectivity


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Broadband

Its a signaling method which includes wide range of

frequency which are divided into channels or frequency

bands.

FDM

Multiple services can be used simultaneously over the

same media.

Can utilize existing infrastructure.

Rich quality of voice, video and data.

Ex: Cable or DSL.

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Digital Subscriber Line

(DSL)


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DSL Features

Data will be carried over the telephone (copper) wire

It uses maximum available RF on copper loop

It is layer 1 Technology

Run from subscriber to CO

There are various flavors of DSL hence also called as

xDSL

It can be symmetric or asymmetric

Always on or dial on demand

DSL Originally stood for Digital Subscriber Loop

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DSL Types


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DSL Variants Examples

Type Nature

Max Speed

Upload/Download

Data with

POTS

Max Distance

from CO in KM

ADSL Asymmetric 8Mbps/1Mbps Yes 5.4

G.Lite ADSL Asymmetric 1.5Mbps/0.5Mbps Yes 5.4

VDSL Asymmetric 55Mbps/13Mbps Yes 1.3

SDSL Symmetric 768Kbps No 6.3

G.SHDSL Symmetric 2.3Mbps No 7.8

HDSL Symmetric 1.5 or 2.0 Mbps No 5.4

IDSL Symmetric 144Kbps No 13.0

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ADSL


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ADSL and POTS Coexistence

ADSL equipment:

ADSL terminal unit-remote (ATU-R)

ADSL terminal unit-central office (ATU-C)


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Cisco Integrated Service Router


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ADSL WIC


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Carrierless Amplitude Phase(CAP) Modulation

Single-carrier modulation technique

1100

240

160

25

4

0


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Discreet Multi Tone (DMT) Modulation

Multiple-carrier modulation technique


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Data over ADSL


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Data over ADSL

IP packets encapsulated over ATM

Three major approaches:

RFC 1483/2684 Bridged

PPPoE

PPPoA


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PPP over Ethernet

Ethernet frame carrying PPP frame

Service provider end:

DSLAM for DSL connection termination

Aggregation router for PPP session termination

Subscriber end:

DSL modem for DSL connection termination

PPPoE client for PPP session termination

The client device is the PC or the router at the CPE


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PPPoE Session Variables

DSL and PPPoE deployment types:

Router terminating DSL and with PPPoE client

Modem terminating DSL and router with PPPoE client

Modem terminating DSL and end-user PC with PPPoE

client


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PPPoE Session Establishment

PPP session is from PPPoE client to the aggregation

router.

Subscriber IP address is assigned by the aggregation

router via IPCP.


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PPPoE


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PPPoA


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PPP over ATM

Routed solution

User packets routed over ATM

Service provider end:

DSLAM for DSL connection termination

Aggregation router for PPP session termination

Subscriber end:

CPE for DSL connection and PPP session

termination


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PPP over ATM

CPE receives an IP address via IPCP like in the dial

model.

broadband v2

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