british trees - woodlands.co.uk · oak quercus spp. oaks are long-lived trees, many being 500 or...
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CO
MM
ON
ALD
ER A
lnus
glu
tinos
aA
lder
bel
ongs
to th
e sa
me
fam
ily a
s Bi
rch.
It ra
rely
gro
ws t
o m
ore
than
20m
or
lives
long
er th
an 1
50 y
ears.
It g
row
s qu
ickly
and
is sh
ort l
ived
, typ
ical
of
pion
eer s
peci
es. I
t fixe
s nitr
ogen
and
ge
nera
lly im
prov
es th
e so
il.
CO
MM
ON
ASH
Fra
xinus
exc
elsio
rO
ften
larg
e tre
es, m
atur
e sp
ecim
ens
may
be
40-4
5m ta
ll and
up
to 4
00
year
s old
. Ash
is la
te c
omin
g in
to le
af
and
one
of th
e fir
st to
shed
leav
es in
A
utum
n. R
elat
ed to
the
Oliv
e, J
asm
ine
and
the
Lilac
.
CO
MM
ON
BEE
CH
Fag
us sy
lvat
ica
Beec
h m
ay g
row
to fo
rm b
eaut
iful,
stat
ely
trees
(up
to 4
0m ta
ll). I
t is a
re
lativ
ely
fast
-gro
win
g sp
ecie
s tha
t is
to b
e fo
und
on w
ell-d
rain
ed so
ils.
Its
root
syst
em is
shal
low
and
the
tree
is,
ther
efor
e, su
scep
tible
to h
igh
win
ds a
nd
also
to d
roug
ht.
BIR
CH
Bet
ula
spp.
They
are
rela
tivel
y sh
ort-l
ived
tree
s w
hich
are
qui
ck to
col
onise
ope
n ar
eas.
They
are
a p
ione
er sp
ecie
s and
afte
r th
e la
st Ic
e A
ge th
ey w
ere
amon
gst t
he
first
spec
ies t
o co
loni
se th
e UK
. Drie
d
piec
es o
f the
pap
er b
ark
are
exce
llent
fo
r lig
htin
g fir
es.
EUR
OPE
AN
LA
RC
H La
rix d
ecid
uaTh
e fla
ttene
d, so
ft, n
eedl
e-lik
e le
aves
ar
e ar
rang
ed ra
dial
ly a
roun
d th
e tip
s of
you
ng sh
oots
, or i
n ro
sette
s (of
30
to
40 le
aves
) on
olde
r woo
d. In
sprin
g, th
e ne
w le
aves
are
a b
right
, fre
sh g
reen
bu
t in
autu
mn
they
turn
a y
ello
w,
gold
en c
olou
r.
BE
EC
H
BIR
CH
LA
RC
H
OA
K Q
uerc
us sp
p.O
aks a
re lo
ng-li
ved
trees
, man
y be
ing
500
or m
ore
year
s old
. Oak
woo
d is
good
to w
ork
with
, as i
t cle
aves
wel
l bu
t you
nger
woo
d ca
n st
ain
the
hand
s (d
ue to
tann
ins)
. The
re a
re tw
o m
ain
spec
ies,
Sess
ile O
ak a
nd P
edun
cula
te
Oak
whi
ch re
adily
hyb
ridise
.
SCO
TS
PIN
E Pi
nus s
ylve
stris
Prob
ably
the
mos
t wid
ely
dist
ribut
ed
coni
fer i
n th
e w
orld
. It i
s one
of t
he U
K’s
thre
e na
tive
coni
fers
– th
e ot
her t
wo
bein
g Ye
w a
nd J
unip
er. S
omet
imes
de
scrib
ed a
s an
‘hon
orar
y ha
rdw
ood’
, as
it g
row
s slo
wly
and
pro
duce
s a g
ood
qu
ality
, har
d tim
ber.
SWEE
T C
HES
TN
UT
Cas
tane
a sa
tiva
The
leav
es o
n a
mat
ure
tree
can
be
very
long
inde
ed –
they
are
pro
babl
y bi
gger
than
the
leav
es o
f any
oth
er
wild
tree
in th
e UK
. The
Sw
eet C
hest
nut
has b
een
plan
ted
in la
rge
quan
titie
s in
Sou
th E
ast E
ngla
nd fo
r cha
rcoa
l m
anuf
actu
re. O
ften
plan
ted
alon
gsid
e oa
k, a
s an
unde
rstor
y.
WIL
LOW
Sal
ix sp
p.V
ario
us w
illow
s wer
e pr
esen
t in
the
UK
afte
r the
last
Ice
Age
, but
it is
diffi
cult
to k
now
whi
ch d
ue to
thei
r ‘pe
ncha
nt’
for h
ybrid
isatio
n. W
illow
s are
gen
eral
ly
plan
ts o
f wet
ter a
reas
/soi
ls. Th
ey h
ave
long
bee
n as
soci
ated
with
the
mak
ing
of b
aske
ts, h
urdl
es, p
lant
supp
orts
, and
of
cou
rse c
ricke
t bat
s.
CO
MM
ON
YEW
Taxu
s bac
cata
The
Yew
is sl
ow-g
row
ing
and
can
be
of g
reat
long
evity
. Som
e Ye
ws a
re
thou
sand
s of y
ears
old.
It is
to b
e fo
und
na
tura
lly o
n m
any
soil t
ypes
, tho
ugh
it is
mor
e co
mm
on o
n ch
alk
in th
e So
uth
East
and
limes
tone
in th
e N
orth
.
SWEE
T
CH
EST
NU
T
OA
K
SCO
TS
PIN
E
Phot
ogra
phy
Chr
is L
iffen
. Des
ign
Baiz
don.
com
WIL
LO
W
YE
W
ASH
AL
DE
R
GU
IDE
to B
RITI
SHTR
EES