brief overview of isoc and our multi-year african interconnection and traffic exchange programme...

Brief Overview of ISOC and Brief Overview of ISOC and Our Multi-Year African Interconnection and Our Multi-Year African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange ProgrammeTraffic Exchange Programme

Michuki Mwangi, Sr. Development Manager – Africa

August 2011

The Internet Society

Introduction to the Internet Society

• Founded in 1992 by early Internet pioneers to advance the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the world.

• Vint Cerf, one of the “founding fathers” of the Internet and the Internet Society, remains active in our work.

• International non-profit organization• 80+ local chapters worldwide, 20+ in Africa• 50 staff located around the world, Regional Bureaus• 100+ organisational members and 44,000 individual

members

• Internationally recognized, operationally stable, financially sound

EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda

Cont’d …

• 20 years of leadership at the intersection of Internet technology, development, and public policy

• Organisational home of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which sets global Internet standards• IPv4/IPv6, MPLS, BGP, NAT, DNS, etc.

• Trusted reputation as neutral and unbiased advocates for the Internet

• Broad engagement across stakeholders including industry, government, universities, and civil society

• Expert contributors to the World Economic Forum, United Nations bodies, Internet Governance Forum (IGF), OECD, etc.

• Access to an international network of experts


ISOC: Supporting Internet Growth in Africa• Committed to African Internet Development and Capacity Building

since our inception

• Earliest Internet connections in Africa established by ISOC members and workshop trainees

• Advancing the African Internet• Technical Training Workshops: 15-20 p.a.• African Regional Internet Events: 4-5 p.a.• African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange Programme• “Next Generation” Leadership Development

• Broad Reach, Key Influencers• Ministers, regulators, network operators, IXP managers, and university professors

among our members, trainees

• Key African Partnerships and Collaborations:• AfNOG, AfriNIC, and AfTLD, among others.

• MoUs with UNECA and African Union


ISOC’s Current African Chapters, Staff Locations

In addition, our network of African experts, volunteers, and local contacts extends to nearly every country on the continent.


ISOC Key Activities


Overview of ISOC’s African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange Programme


21%1100 Mil.

Latin America& Caribbean

Africa

China

Pacific Isl.

Middle East

India

Rest of Developing Asia

KOR

SNGHNK

TWNISR

75%909 Mil.

5424 Million Pop.5424 Million Pop.

1295 Million Pop.1295 Million Pop.

Current<= Internet =>

Users

• Population in Emerging Economies over 4 times larger than Developed World.

• Emerging Economies circa 21% Internet Penetration vs. Developed circa 75%.

• Yet Emerging Economies have already surpassed Developed Economies in terms of number of “Internet Users”…

• .. And growing: Many Emerging Economies experiencing double and triple digit access growth rates p.a.

• Emerging economies experiencing fastest GDP growth, positive trade/comms cycle.

Sources: IMF, Internet World Stats, Wikipedia, Forbes

The Data: Developed vs. Emerging Economies


Global IP Traffic Projections (Source: Cisco)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR 09-14

• The Middle East and Africa projected to have strongest mobile data traffic growth of any region at 133% CAGR, followed by Latin America at 111%.

Emerging Regions Experiencing Fastest % Traffic Growth

• IP traffic is growing fastest in Latin America (51% CAGR), followed closely by the Middle East and Africa (46% CAGR).

• IP traffic in Asia Pacific expected to reach 17 exabytes per month by 2014 and already surpassed Western Europe.

• Business IP traffic expected to grow fastest in the Middle East and Africa, at a CAGR of 30 percent, a faster pace than the global projected average of 21 percent.

Points of Note:

(Source: Cisco) EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda

Overview of Africa

A Massive Geography…

…Over 1 Bil. Continental Population

Johannesburg, SA Lagos, Nigeria

Cairo, Egypt Nairobi, Kenya

…GDP Growth is Outpacing Asia

There are more middle income households in Africa than there are in India. (KPMG)EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda

Africa’s Submarine Fibre Capacity Boom

• Expected 25.8 Tbps of Submarine Cable around Africa by 2012.

• Between 2009 and mid- 2010, East Africa went from 0 undersea fibre capacity to over 6 Tbps.

• In East Africa prices dropped from $2k – $12k USD per Mbps (satellite) to $600 - $150 USD.

• Round Trip Times dropped from circa 800ms to circa 200ms


Africa local traffic growth statistics

Source: www.pch.net


EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, RwandaSource: www.pch.net

ISOC’s African Interconnection and Traffic Exchange (ITE) Programme

• What’s this ultimately about?: Fostering a ubiquitous, reliable, and sustainable Internet in Africa that will propel the continent's aspirations in economic and social development.

• An Africa that’s not just an “Internet Consumer” but an “Internet Creator,” on par with the rest of the world.

• A robust, efficient, and cost-effective interconnection and traffic exchange landscape in Africa is required to achieve it.

• Fostering this environment, in conjunction with partners, is our ITE programme goal.

• Multi-year commitment, Multi-issue project• IXP development and capacity building is a key component• But many factors impact their success!


“Overnight” Game-Changing Knock on Effects…

• Shifted economic equation overnight. Highlighted domestic backhaul and last-mile cost sticking points.• e.g. Jo’burg to Cape Town more costly than

Cape Town to London, same for Dar to Arusha.• Also increased focus on cross-border issues

• Shift in Internet use to more data-intensive Internet consumption (Video, P2P, etc.)• Big impact on network planning, bandwidth

management issues.

• Lack of adequate hosting infrastructures i.e Data Centers/Collocation Services• Expensive carrier specific DCs• Only South Africa has carrier Neutral DCs

• Fibre-connected countries now much more attractive targets for unwanted traffic/Botnets etc. w/ little skills to cope.


The Regional Interconnection Challenge

Despite the growth in regional submarine and terrestrial cables – routing policies follow the satellite topology

For instance traffic from Rwanda a landlocked country in East Africa to Nairobi, Kenya goes via London despite the fact that the Submarine

cable transit points are in Port city of Mombasa in Kenya


From Rwanda to Nairobi – via London


Emerging Regional Interconnection “Hot Spots”

Cairo/Egypt• Large Population• Undersea Cable Crossroads• “Analogue” Content Industries• Tec and biz skill sets

Nigeria+West Africa• Nigeria: Large Population 150m – 30% w/ Access• Rocketing GDP Growth• Nollywood – 2nd largest film/TV producer (Content!)

South Africa• Most advanced economy• Science/Tech Investment• Good urban power supply• (domestic policy a significant drawback, however )

Kenya+East Africa• Multiple Cable Landings• Regional Econ. Integration• Positive Govn’t Regs/Pols• Budding software and services industry

Senegal+West Africa• Senegal: Pace-setter for Francophone sub-Saharan West Africa.


A Multifaceted Approach,Aimed at Advancing the African ITE Landscape

• Addressing multiple aspects of the issue

• Targeting Local, Regional, and International factors

• Leveraging internal expertise and partnerships

•Multi-year commitment


Recent ITE Programme Activities, Achievements

Article on Africa and ISOC’s IXP activities in HOTLINX, 2009

IXP Training and Set up with ISOC Chapter, Sierra Lenone, 2009

Routing and IX Training in Preparation for Mombasa IXP, 2009

-- New IXPs (Launched)

-- Regional IXP and Interconnection Meetings

-- IXP Start-up Assistance

-- IXP Improvement Assistance/Training


African Peering and Interconnection Forum

• AfPIF is an avenue for Internet Service Providers, content providers, governments and education networks to explore interconnection and peering opportunities in the region

• The forum further offers opportunities to exchange ideas and learn

more about the global trends on interconnection

• Building an active online presence through the afpif portal www.afpif.org and the afpif mailing list

• Inaugural AfPIF event held in Aug 2010, Nairobi – Kenya• 80 participants from 20 countries including Europe, America and

Asia

• AfPIF-2 held in Aug 2011, Accra, Ghana• 100 participants from 27 countries including Europe, America,

Asia and Latin America

Capacity Building, Information Exchange, Policy Discussions, Networking, and More! EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda

http://www.afpif.org/

Building the African Business Case…

• Presenting Africa to potential international peers, content providers, exchange points as a growing market of 1 Billion+

• European Peering Forum, Euro-IX• Google, Akamai, Yahoo, etc.• European IXPs

• Exposing Africa’s “Invisible Eyeballs”

• Bringing key players down to Africa• Promote understanding• Facilitate networking

• Lots of interest generated!


Advancing the Value and Viability of IXPs in Africa

Level “0”No IXP

Level 1“Boxes and Wires”

Level 2Core Functionality

Level 3Catalysing Growth

Level 4Thriving, Critical Infrastructure

• 24 IXPs in Africa

• Not all at the same level of development!

• Most current IXPs only between “Level 1 and 2”

• We aim to move African IXPs “Up the Curve!”


Key Elements of ISOC’s Approach

• “80% Social Engineering, 20% Technical Engineering”

• Promoting understanding of the interconnection “Value Proposition” for operators and government• No WIIFY, No Change

• The best world-class knowledge and practices• Africa pays too much because of

information asymmetry with the rest of the world.

• Engaging a range of stakeholders and hidden “bit drivers”


Peering measurements Challenge in Africa

• It remains fairly difficult to analyze peering data Africa• Only 2 IXPs collect and archive bgp data i.e KIXP and JINX

through the Routeviews project • Few Networks from the African region are listed on the

PeerindDB• Ongoing discussions to develop a regional route-views

project to provide peering data from IXPs in the region• Current phase is scoping the project • Please email the features you would like to see to

[email protected] • Project nickname is “ARP” – suggestions are welcome


mailto:[email protected]

Progress Markers


Visible Changes


KIXP ASN - July 2010 Distribution Based on Origin Country


KIXP ASN – Jan 2011Distribution based on Origin Country


Traffic from Rwanda to Nairobi – Some improvements…


2011 - 2012 Planned ITE Programme Activities

• AfPIF-3 Meeting: August, 2012 – Southern Africa Region• Also AfPIF Tutorials in conjunction with AfNOG/AfriNIC May 2012 Meeting (Gambia)

• Baseline Studies and Requested Engagement• African Interconnection “Baseline” Study and Data Collection (Quants Focus)• African Cross-border Interconnection Policies and Regulatory• UNECA Workshop, AUC HIPSSA, RECs

• Web-Based Portal to Sustain Capacity Building and Information Sharing• Training materials, information resources, data on the status of African interconnectivity, promoting

stories of African successes. (Beta launch aimed for late 2011 – afpif.org)

• Africa IX “Best Practice Guide” (WGLL) and New Capacity Building Materials

• Continued Local Engagement on IXP Development and Improvement• Planned: Tunisia, Malawi, Togo, Lesotho, Mozambique, Senegal and Sierra Leone

• Promoting International Collaborations• Euro-IX, Latin American/Caribbean and African Information Exchange

• Africa Route-views Program (ARP) • Prototype in 2011 at KIXP• Rollout to interested IXPs in 2012


Opportunities for Partnership and Collaboration?

Thank you! For further information please contact:

Karen Rose, Director of Strategic Development: [email protected]

Michuki Mwangi, Sr. Development Manager - Africa: [email protected]

Chris Morris, Sr. Development Strategy Manager: [email protected]

Dawit Bekele, African Regional Bureau Manager: [email protected]

http://www.isoc.org EA-IGF 2011, Kigali, Rwanda

http://www.isoc.org/

brief overview of isoc and our multi-year african interconnection and traffic exchange programme...

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