Bridging Scales and Epistemologies: Linking Local Knowledge with Global Science in Multi-Scale Assessments

Assessment of Central Asian Mountain EcosystemsAssessment of Central Asian Mountain Ecosystems: : features of methodology a multi-scalefeatures of methodology a multi-scale

Vladimir Bogachev, CAREC

Alexandria, Egypt

March 17-20, 2004

• ACAMEACAME Program Program (objectives, tasks)(objectives, tasks)• Specific of MESpecific of ME assessment assessment methodologymethodology• Transboundary sub-global METransboundary sub-global ME• Vertical belts, gradients and Vertical belts, gradients and criteria of criteria of selection main MEs selection main MEs • ScalesScales and and prioritypriority of ecosystem goods & of ecosystem goods & services services • Interaction between ecological and social Interaction between ecological and social components MEscomponents MEs • ScalesScales andand governance structuresgovernance structures

Area of Area of the project the project ACAMEACAME

The total area = 3,882 thousand km2 The total area = 3,882 thousand km2 Population approximately 0.53 mln people Population approximately 0.53 mln people (10% of the CA area)(10% of the CA area)

HistoryHistory• Millennium ecosystem assessment /MA (Kofi Annan, June 2001)

• CA – Candidate MA Sub-Global Assessment (CAREC, 2002)

• Development of Programme «Assessment of Central Asia Mountainous Ecosystems/АСАМЕ» (CAREC & CA countries, 2003)

Assessment ofAssessment of ecosystemsecosystems

Public participation

Information, Sciences

Assessment ofAssessment of resourcesresources

Assessment ofAssessment of consumptionconsumption

Education

SD Strategy (CA Agenda 21), good governance, legal base, clear indicators

Objectives of SD

Assessment of ecosystems and objectives of SD CA

Central Asian Agenda 21

Convention to Combat

Desertification

Convention onBiological Diversity

Regional Strategy of Sustainable Development

Mountain Area for Central Asia

ProgrammeThe Aral Sea

Basin -2

Connection the Program with Connection the Program with CA SD Strategy and other CA SD Strategy and other

programsprograms

Assessment Assessment Central Asian Central Asian

Mountain Mountain EcosystemsEcosystems

“ The Natural resources of mountain territories are used by a steady means of ecological, social and economic interests for optimal benefit of the population of Central Asia”

Seminar on development of Regional strategy and Plan of Actions (Almaty, April 1, 2001)

“ Goal 1. Preservation of water basins ecosystems. Combat to necessary for vital activity ecosystems

degradation ”

Invitation to partnership (Kiev, May 2003)

Objectives of mountain Objectives of mountain territories steady territories steady

developmentdevelopment

Main Program Objectives:Main Program Objectives:

• To generate the Global Assessment of Mountainous Ecosystems • To develop recommendations for decision- making and planning related to conservation and restoration of Central Asia mountainous ecosystems• To modify ecosystem assessment methodology based on the specific features of the sub-region

Similarity of methodologiesAdopted by the ICSD of Central Asia

May 17, 2002

METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CA AGENDA 21 Prepared by CAREC and SIC ICSD

October 18, 2002

MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT METHODS

 Walter Reid, Neville Ash, Elena Bennett, Pushpam Kumar, Marcus Lee, Nicolas Lucas, Henk Simons, Valerie Thompson, Monika Zurek

• Involving of the users and decision makers, acceptance of the political obligations

•Multisectoral partnership and wide participation of a public

•Multy-scaile assessment

•Capacity building

•Definition of the measurable purposes and monitoring of results

Assessment scaleAssessment scale(intersectoral approach)(intersectoral approach)

MA Secretariat, Regional institutions

NationalGovernments

Talgar

Central Asia

Users

Local Community

Global Assessment: Conditions, Scenarios, Responses

Global Assessment: Conditions, Scenarios, Responses

Local

Sub-Global/Regional

National

KazakhstanBas

in s

cale

Amu Darya river - water flow about 79.3 km3 per one year

Syr Darya river - water flow about 37.2 km3 per one year

Basin ScaleWater ecosystems: fresh

water

The specific features of The specific features of mountainous areasmountainous areas CACA

• Transboundary sub-global mountain ecosystems• Vertical belts• Considerable gradients and lateral («horizontal») migration of substance and energy •Livelihood supplies of population in the downstream plains/valleys

Transboundary sub-global mountain ecosystems

Kazakhstan

Uzbekistan

Turkmenistan

Kyrghyzstan

Tadjikistan

Political boundaries

Developing the Developing the transboundary aspects of transboundary aspects of

assessmentassessment• The coordination of methodological approaches ACAME by the national experts (MEs classification, analysis format and etc.)• Criteria selection of research the main objects - priority MEs• Acceptance uniform indicators of pressures, state MEs, impacts and response actions (DPSIR)

Vertical belts Vertical belts

and and EcosystemEcosystemServicesServices

Nival

Forest

Foothill

Meadow

Glaciers

Lakes

- Provisioning

-

Regulating

-

Supporting

-

Cultural

Ecosystem Services:

Climate

Water

Recreation tourism

Soil formation

Foods

Foods

Water

Bio-diversity

Criteria of selection main MEs

• Scope and range of environmental goods and services provided to (A)

- mountains community - plains/valleys• Scope and effectiveness of regulation services

(climate change, etc., B)• Magnitude of disturbance of ME and

dangerous to loss of their potential (C)

Selection of priority ecosystemsSelection of priority ecosystemsCentral Asia

Mountain ecosystems

Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan

A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C

Glaciers

Forests ecosystems

Steppe

ecosystems

Not significant

Significant

Paramount

A Scope and range of environmental goods and services provided to

B Scope and effectiveness of regulation services

C Magnitude of disturbance of mountainous ecosystems

Criteria of selection Priority

Central Asia: SUB-GLOBAL ASSESSMENT

CA Region Kazakhstan Talgar basin

ScalesScales and and prioritpriorities of ies of ecosystem goods ecosystem goods and services (e.g. and services (e.g. Forest CA)Forest CA)

LOCAL NATIONAL SUB-REGIONAL

Goods:

1. Food (resources, producers, consumers)*

2. Fuel wood (Bioenergy)

3. Construction Materials

4. Derivatives

Services:

1. Supporting human living and livelihood conditions

2. Cultural

Services:

1. Self-restoration of bioproducts

2. Supporting

3. Flood and other natural disaster protection

4. Cultural

Goods:

1. Food (resources, producers, consumers)

2. Hydraulic power

3. Clean air

Services:

1. Water regime and runoff formation

2. Climate regulation

3. Self-reproduction, genetic resources

4. Cultural

Goods:

1. Food (fresh water)

2. Hydraulic power

3. Nutrients

* Number corresponds to a priority of good or service

Interecosystems Interecosystems CommunicationsCommunications

((multiplicative effectmultiplicative effect))

Extraction of goods

Degradation of ecosystems

(downstream)

Pollution

Natural disasters

Economic damage

Social damage

Increase of morbidity

Vertical streams of energy and substance

Anthropogenic ecosystems

LOCAL NATIONAL SUB-REGIONAL

Interecosystems CommunicationsInterecosystems Communications((multiplicative effectmultiplicative effect))

Interaction between ecological and social components ME (DPSIR, Local level)

Scientific and technological

potential

Scientific and technological

potential

Environment/ habitat

Natural resources, including biological

Man as a biological species

Social potential Productive

potential

TECHNOSPHERE

Governance/

policy SOCIETY

NATURE

- Goods and services - Hazardous pressure ( - ) - Management responses ( + )

Scientific and technological

potential

Environment/ habitat

Natural resources, including biological

Man as a biological species

Social potential Productive

potential

TECHNOSPHERE

Governance/

policy SOCIETY

NATURE

- Goods and services - Hazardous pressure ( - ) - Management responses ( + )

Interaction between ecological and social components ME (DPSIR, National level)

Scientific and technological

potential

Scales and governance structures

Governance

Extraction goods & use services

LO

CA

L

NA

TIO

NA

L

SU

B-R

EG

ION

AL

Lack of themechanisms of

cooperation

Strategies of the population survival

Local Agenda-21 Local EAP

Ecosystems degradation

Natural resources loses

Ecological crisis

Security threats

Tree of the CA problems

Laws on preservation

MEs

Integrated management

of Ecosystems

Regional and interstate agreements, Conventions

In

effi

cien

t go

vern

ance

Next steps

Local

Sub-Global/Regional

National

Bas

in s

cale

• Modification of multi-scale assessment MEs methodology, development of transboundary aspects• Development of model DPSIR for an assessment on the main Mes• Approbation of methodology on the pilot project •Integration with MA methodology and adaptation for GAMA•Exchange of experience and dissemination of the information. Preparation of specialistes

Thank you for attention!

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