brenda mcloud bsn, rn, cgrn. learning objectives describe the nurses role in iv therapy care explain...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN
![Page 2: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Learning ObjectivesDescribe the Nurse’s role in IV therapy
careExplain IV supplies, type of vascular
access devices, and administration of IV therapy
![Page 3: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
GI nurse’s role in IV therapyAssessmentPlanningImplementationEvaluation.
![Page 4: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Competencies in IV Therapy for the GI NurseKnowledge of Vascular Access Devices (VAD)
usedSkill in performing procedure competently &
safelySkill in inspecting insertion siteAbility to problem solveKnowledge to monitor patient’s condition &
report changesProper documentation and record-keeping
skills
![Page 5: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Basic Principles of Fluid & Electrolytes
Water is 60% of the average adult’s total body weight
In infants, body water represents about 80% of total body weight
Solutions – liquids (solvents) containing dissolved substances (solutes) – are classified according to their concentration or tonicity and includeIsotonic SolutionsHypotonic SolutionsHypertonic Solutions
Body fluids are isotonic solutions
![Page 6: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Basic Principles of Fluid & Electrolytes
Body water is contained in two major body compartmentsIntracellular fluid (ICF)Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Fluid balance is maintained when water intake equals water output
Solutes are substances dissolved in a solution
![Page 7: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Basic Principles of Fluid & Electrolytes
Solutes are classified asNonelectrolytesElectrolytes
Cations Na, K, Ca, Mg, H
Anions Cl, P, HCO3
Electrolytes perform four essential functionsPromote neuromuscular irritabilityMaintain body fluid osmolalityRegulate acid-base balanceRegulate distribution of body fluids among body
fluid compartments
![Page 8: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Fluid & Electrolyte imbalancesImbalances may result from
Vomiting, diarrhea, suction, draining wounds, intestinal obstructions, draining fistulas, hemorrhage, infections, fever or prolonged use of enemas &
Infants are more vulnerable because of their higher proportion of body fluid, immature kidneys, increased heat production & rapid growth
Excessive loss of body water can lead to dehydration
![Page 9: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Administration of Fluids & Electrolytes
All IV solutions are considered medicationsRequires a Dr.’s orderTypes of Solutions
Isotonic Solutions 0.9% NS or LR
Hypotonic Solutions 0.45% NaCl
Hypertonic Solutions 3% NaCl or 10%Dextrose
![Page 10: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Risks for the GI NursePrimary risks due to needlesticks
InjuryDisease transmission
SpillsSplashes
Because universal precautions require use of gloves when dealing with blood and body fluids, development of latex allergies pose a concern for health care workers and patients
![Page 11: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Latex allergiesIndividuals who develop burning or tingling
around mouth after blowing up latex balloonsKnown allergy to
BananasAvocadosPotatoesTomatoesPoinsettiasHistory of contact dermatitis History of asthma History of eczema
![Page 12: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Vascular Access Devices (VAD)Steel winged infusion set (butterfly winged
device)Peripheral short IV cathetersPeripheral long or midline cathetersPeripherally inserted central catheters
(PICC)Nontunneled central venous catheters
(CVC’s)Tunneled central venous cathetersTotally implanted devices or ports
![Page 13: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
IV Insertion sitesPreferred sites
Dorsum of handUpper arm
Avoid Extremities withLymphedema, postop swelling, recent trauma,
dialysis shunt, hematoma, axillary lymph node dissection, local infection or cellulitis, phlebitis or open wounds
Best to begin with distal veins and proceed proximally towards the body
Cannulation of lower extremities should be avoided in adults
![Page 14: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ComplicationsInfiltration/extravasationHematomaPhlebitisPyrogenic reactionsAir embolismCatheter embolismPulmonary edemaSpeed shock/overloadNerve injury
![Page 15: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
IV Medication AdministrationTechniques & routes of administration
Appropriateness of the prescribed therapyPatient’s age and conditionAny medication allergiesDose, route and rate of the medication ordered
MedicationsIndicationsActionsSide effectsAppropriate nursing interventions with adverse
reactions
![Page 16: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Indications for IV meds in GIModerate sedation/analgesiaControl of variceal hemorrhageTreatment of opioid-induced respiratory
depressionTreatment of benzodiazepine-induced
respiratory depressionTreatment of cardiac dysrhythmiasReducing peristalsis or intestinal spasmsTreatment for increased risk of infection
![Page 17: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Blood & Blood ComponentsWhole bloodPacked red blood cellsLeukocyte-poor bloodPlateletsFresh frozen plasma (FFP)CryoprecipitatesFactor VIIIFactor IXHuman albuminAutologous transfusion
![Page 18: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Adverse ReactionsCirculatory overloadAllergic reactionsHemolytic reactionsHepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immune
deficiency virusesOther transfusion-related infectious agentsCitrate toxicity
![Page 19: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
When Adverse Reaction OccursStop the transfusionKeep vein open with normal salineAsses vital signsNotify Dr.Notify blood bankSend all transfusion containers &
administration sets to blood bankTreat patient symptomatically & supportivelyPatient EducationDocumentation
![Page 20: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ReviewSalts that dissociate in solution into positive
and negative ions are called:A. AnionsB. CationsC. ElectrolytesD. Colloids
![Page 21: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ReviewDrugs should never be added to blood
transfusions because:A. They are incompatible.B. It complicates determination of the source
of any adverse reaction.C. Drugs can cause clotting.D. The rate of infusion is too slow.
![Page 22: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
ReviewThe following may indicate a higher risk for
latex allergy except,A. History of asthma.B. Use of powder-free gloves.C. Allergy to bananasD. History of multiple surgical procedures.
![Page 23: Brenda McLoud BSN, RN, CGRN. Learning Objectives Describe the Nurses role in IV therapy care Explain IV supplies, type of vascular access devices, and](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013011/55142ec15503466d1a8b4efe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ReviewHemolytic reactions to blood transfusions
usually occur :A. ImmediatelyB. Within the first 5 to 15 minutes of the
transfusion.C. Within 24 hours.D. As long as 6 months after the transfusion.