bree651 kevin.rumsey april14
TRANSCRIPT
EMERGENCY INTERVENTION
An Imperfect OfferingThe need for improved interventions in water and sanitation aid
Kevin RumseyM.Sc., Candidate, IWRM, Department of Bioresource EngineeringApril 14, 2016
Outline
IntroductionStatisticsObjectives of WASH InterventionsTop 10 mistakes of InterventionsRecommendations Conclusion
Last 20 years - 6900 natural disasters, with ~ 2 million deaths, ~ 500 million people impacted.
Source: Global Disaster Statistics (2015)
Kevin Rumsey (KR) -
Source: UN, 2011 GLAAS ESA survey; OECD (2012)
Source: UN, 2011 GLAAS ESA survey; OECD (2012)
Objectives of WASH Intervention:15 l/DAY/personDRINKING, bathing, cooking and cleaningensure vector control, solid waste disposal and drainage
Provide culturally appropriate containers and supplies
Provide safe supply of water Prevent the spread of excretaPromote hygiene behavior practices
Within 1 week - infectious disease outbreaks
Within 3 weeks an epidemic
Source: Center for Disease Control (2016)
less than 5 % of all WASH interventions are revisited after completed and less than 1% are monitored over the long term
Source: Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP, 2012)
Top 10 Mistakes in WASH interventions1
2
3
Top 10 Mistakes4
5Greater focus on access to water only
6Women are not empowered in decision-making
Top 10 Mistakes7
8Short-term durations of only one year, if lucky
9
Top 10 Mistakes
10
Recommendations:
#1Improved Water Governance decision-making and engagement
Recommendations:
More comprehensive & integrated needs assessments
BOTTOM UP approach with community leaders & women to design interventions.
More focus on sanitation coverage & hygiene promotion are essential.
Recommendations:
Empower women and include them as decision-makers.
Increased capacity-building of beneficiaries: mechanics, caretakers, committees.
Increased monitoring, evaluations & research of projects.
Recommendations:
Longer duration of support by NGOs, govt.
Avoid military (if possible) to gain the trust of the beneficiaries.
Preparation training for disasters at local & regional levels
Very complex issues: No easy answers. One agency cant solve the problem. It must be a shared responsibility and integrated throughout many sectors: participation by government, private, academic, business, civil society, and woman.
CONCLUSION:
Conclusion:
Thank you to my reviewers
We cant solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.
Albert Einstein
Questions
References: Sphere Project. (2016). Applying humanitarian principles and standards. Retrieved April 2, 2016 from http://www.sphereproject.org/news/applying-humanitarian-principles-and-standards-in-real-life/waterThe Water Project. (2014). Statistics of the Water Crisis 2014. Retrieved April 2, 2016 from https://thewaterproject.org/water_statsUnited Nations. (2015). Preventing and controlling infectious diseases after natural disasters. Retrieved April 2, 2016 fromhttp://unu.edu/publications/articles/preventing-and-controlling-infectious-diseases-after-natural-disasters.html#info
UN Water. (2014). Updates report of the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP). Retrieved April 2, 2016 from http://www.unwater.org/publications/jmp/en/United Nation. (2012). UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment 2012. New York: WHO library cataloging-in-publication data. Retrieved April 1, 2016 from http://www,unorg/waterforlifedecade/pdf/glasa_report_eng.World Disaster Report. (2012). State of Global Disaster 2012, A primer. Retrieved April 1, 2016 from http://worlddisastersreport.org/en/data/index.htmlWHO. (2015). Water, sanitation and hygiene interventions and the prevention of diarrhoea. Retrieved April 2, 2016 from http://www.who.int/elena/titles/bbc/wsh_diarrhoea/en/