breastfeeding for enhancing child growth and development-o

7/31/2019 Breastfeeding for Enhancing Child Growth and Development-o

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Breastfeeding for EnhancingBreastfeeding for Enhancing

Child Growth and DevelopmentChild Growth and DevelopmentPresentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Theme for World BreatfeedingWeek

Facts on Breastfeeding

Definition of Infant Feeding

Advantages of Breast milk & Breastfeeding.

Nutrients in Breast Milk

How Breastmilk is produced Establishing Breastfeeding Skills

Expressing Breastmilk Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

Objectives:

To take stock of implementation

of policies and programmes on

breastfeeding & infant and young

child feeding in India.

To celebrate successes and

achievements of past 20 years.

To identify the gaps that exist and

call for action to bridge these gaps.

To raise awareness among public and policy makers about these

gaps in policies and programmes related to breastfeeding and infant and

young child feeding. To share the action taken with the national and global

community.


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

1992 Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)

1993 Women, work and breastfeeding: Everybody benefits!

1994 Protect Breastfeeding: Making the Code Work

1995 Breastfeeding: Empowering Women

1996 Breastfeeding: A Community Responsibility

1997 Breastfeeding: Natures Way

1998 Breastfeeding: Best Investment

1999 Breastfeeding: Education for Life

2001 Breastfeeding in the Information Age

2002 Breastfeeding: Healthy Mothers and Healthy Babies

2001 Breastfeeding in the Information Age

2000 Breastfeeding It's Your Right


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

2003 Breastfeeding in a Globalised World for Peace andJustice

2004 Exclusive Breastfeeding: the Gold Standard

2005 Breastfeeding and Family Foods: Loving & Healthy

2006 The IMS Act: Making it Known to People

2007 Breastfeeding: The 1st Hour - Save ONE million babies!

2008 Mother Support : Going for the Gold

2009 Breastfeeding: A Vital Emergency Response

2010 Breastfeeding: Just 10 Steps. The Baby-Friendly Way

2011 Talk to me! Breastfeeding - a 3D Experience

2012 Taking Stock of Policies and Programmes


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It has been estimated that about 2 million childdeaths could be averted every year througheffective breastfeeding.

Exclusively breastfed infants have at least 2

times fewer illness episodes than infants fedbreast-milk substitutes.

Infants are as much as 25 times more likely to diefrom diarrhoea in the first 6 months of life if notexclusively breastfed.

Among children under one year, those who are notbreastfed are 3 times more likely to die ofrespiratory infection than those who areexclusively breastfed.

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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The peak period of malnutrition isbetween 6 and 28 months of age.

Malnutrition contributes to about halfof under-five mortality & a third of thisis due to faulty feeding practices.

Counseling on breastfeeding andcomplementary feeding leads toimproved feeding practices, improvedintakes and growth.

Counseling on breastfeeding andcomplementary feeding contributes tolowering the incidence of diarrhoea. Presenta

tion By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Initiate breastfeeding within onehour of birth.

Breastfeed exclusively for the first

six months of age (180 days).

Thereafter give nutritionallyadequate and safe complementary

foods to all children.

Continue breastfeeding for up totwo years of age or beyond. Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Initiate breastfeedingwithin one hour of birth.

Breastfeed exclusively forthe first six months of age(180 days).

Thereafter givenutritionally adequate andsafe complementaryfoods to all children.

.

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

45.4%

27.1%

66.0%


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Feeding the fetus

Feeding the pregnant mother

Feeding the infant 0-6 months-Exclusive breast feeding

Feeding beyond 6 months-

Complementary feeding +BF

Presentation

By:

SK

WBW2012


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Presentation

By:

SK

WBW2012


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WHAT IS OPTIMAL INFANTWHAT IS OPTIMAL INFANT

AND YOUNG CHILDAND YOUNG CHILD

FEEDING?FEEDING?Optimal feeding is defined asexclusive breastfeeding from birth tosix months of age and there after

continued breastfeeding for 2 years orbeyondwith adequate and safe

complementary feeds to meetnutritional needs of a young child

Presentation

By:

SK

WBW2012


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DEFINITIONS FOR INFANTDEFINITIONS FOR INFANT

FEEDINGFEEDINGExclusive breastfed

Predominantly breastfed

Only breastmilk is given . No other

food or drink, Not even water is given

The main source of nutrition is

breastmilk but the child is also

receiving other fluids (non-nutritive) or

water

Presentation

By:

SK

WBW2012


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DEFINITIONS FOR INFANTDEFINITIONS FOR INFANT

FEEDINGFEEDING

Mixed feeding the child receivesanimal milk, formula or cereal basedfoods in addition to breast milk

Replacement feeding

Is the process of feeding a child who is

not receiving any breast milkwith a diet that provides all the nutrients the

child needs until the child is fully fed onfamily foods

Presentation

By:

SK

WBW2012


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

Advantages of Breastfeeding


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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

Advantages of Breastfeeding

Breastmilk Perfect nutrients

Easily digestible

Ready to serve

Protects against

infection

Protects against adult

onset diseases

(diabetes, high bloodpressure)

Breastfeeding Helps bonding and

development

Helps in adequate

growth anddevelopment

Enhances brain &

visual

development Baby has higher

intelligence

quotient

Preventshypothermia


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Mother Reduces post

delivery

bleeding and

anemia

Delays next

pregnancy

Protects breast

and ovarian

cancer

Protects obesity

and shapes body

Convenient

Society

Eco-friendly

Human

resource

development

Economy

development

Family

Low cost involved

Less illnesses

Family bonding

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SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Brain. Higher IQ in breastfed children.Cholesterol and other types of fat inhuman milk support the growth ofnerve tissue.

Eyes. Visual acuity is higher in babiesfed human milk.

Ears. Breastfed babies get fewer earinfections.

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Respiratory system. Evidenceshows that breastfed babies havefewer and less severe upperrespiratory infections, less wheezing,less pneumonia and less influenza.

Heart and circulatory

system. Evidence suggests thatbreastfed children may have lowercholesterol as adults. Heart rates arelower in breastfed infants.

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Digestive system. Less diarrhoea,fewer gastrointestinal infections in babieswho are breastfeeding. Six months ormore of exclusive breastfeeding reducesrisk of food allergies. Also, less risk

of Crohn's disease and ulcerativecolitis in adulthood.

Immune system. Breastfed babies

respond better to vaccinations. Humanmilk helps to mature baby's own immunesystem. Breastfeeding decreases the riskof childhood cancer. Presenta

tion By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Endocrine system. Reduced risk ofgetting diabetes.

Kidneys. With less salt and less protein,human milk is easier on a baby's kidneys.

Appendix. Children with acuteappendicitis are less likely to have beenbreastfed.

Urinary tract. Fewer infections inbreastfed infants.

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Joints and muscles. Juvenile rheumatoidarthritis is less common in children who werebreastfed.

Skin. Less allergic eczema in breastfedinfants.

Growth. Breastfed babies are leaner at oneyear of age and less likely to be obese later in

life.

Bowels. Less constipation. Stools ofbreastfed babies have a less-offensive odor

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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SKTegta

WBW

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What are the differences between these

milks?

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SKTegta

WBW

2012

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DIFFERENCES IN THE QUALITY OF THEDIFFERENCES IN THE QUALITY OF THE

PROTEINS IN DIFFERENT MILKSPROTEINS IN DIFFERENT MILKS

Anti-Infective

Proteins

35%

Casein

9

Whey

Proteins

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Presentation By:

SK

Tegta

WBW

2012


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When Mother

infected

White cells in

mothers body

make

antibodies to

protect her

These antibodies aresecreted in

breastmilk to protect

baby

Some white

cells go

to her breastand make

antibodies

there

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Presentation By:

SK

Tegta

WBW

2012

VARIATIONS IN THEVARIATIONS IN THE

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VARIATIONS IN THEVARIATIONS IN THE

COMPOSITION OFCOMPOSITION OF

BREASTMILKBREASTMILK

What differences do you noticehere?

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COLOSTRUM

Mature Milk

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Presentation By:

SK

Tegta

WBW

2012

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Property Antibody rich

Many white cells

Purgative effect

Growth factors

Vitamin A rich

Importance protects against infection

and allergy

protect against infection

clears meconium helps to

prevent jaundice

help intestine to mature

prevents allergy, intolerance

reduces severity of infection

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Presentation By:

SK

Tegta

WBW

2012

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Animal Kingdom:

1.Offspring on feet

2.Moves to udders3.Makes position

No role of Mother

Human Beings

1.Baby holds neck at 3 month

2.Walks at 1 yr

3.Mother makes position

No role of Baby

Presentation By:

SK

Tegta

WBW

2012

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First few days after delivery- thebreast feel soft and empty- onlysmall amount of yellowish first

milk (colostrum) is secretedAfter few days (may vary from 2

days to one week)-the breast

begins to feel full , and sometimeshard-Milk has come in

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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The breastconsists:Gland

tissues

Supportingtissues,

andFats

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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The glandtissue (knownas alveoli) are

small sacs,made up ofmillions of milksecreting cells

which goesalong smalltubes towardsthe nipple

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Before theyreach thenipple, the

tubes becomemuch wider,and formlactiferous

sinuses inwhich milkcollects.

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Hormonal secretions in the

mother

Prolactin helps in production of

milk

Oxytocin causes ejection ofmilk

Reflexes in the baby

rooting, sucking & swallowing

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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PROLACTIN REFLEXPROLACTIN REFLEXSecretion continues AFTER

feed to produce NEXT feed

Frequent Suckling Increases Milk Production9

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Enhancing

factors

Hindering

factors

Emptyingof breast

Sucking

Expression

of milk

Nightfeeds Sensory impulse

from nippleProlactin in

blood

Bottle feeding

IncorrectPositioning

Painful Breast

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Enhanced by:

How early the baby is put to the breast

How often and how long baby feeds atbreast

How well the baby is attached to thebreast

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Hindered by Delayed initiation of

breastfeeds

Prelacteal feeds

Making the baby wait for feeds

Dummies, pacifiers, bottles

Certain medication given tomothers

Painful breast conditions

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012


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Thinks lovingly of baby

Sound of the baby

Sight of the baby

CONFIDENCE

Worry

Stress

Pain

Doubt

Stimulated by Inhibited by

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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FEEDING REFLEXESFEEDING REFLEXESRooting reflex

When somethingtouches lips,

baby opens mouth

puts tongue down

and forward

Sucking reflex

When something touches

palate baby sucks

Swallowing reflex

When mouth fills with

milk,

baby swallows

Skill

Mother learns to position baby

Baby learns to take breast

Gag reflex

When something touches

anterior part of the tongue,

baby pushes it out.

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

MechanismMechanism

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MechanismMechanism

ofof

SucklinSuckling Cycleg Cycle

Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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For effective suckling the babydoes not take just the nipple but amouthful of the areola and the

breast tissue beneath, whichcontains the lactiferous sinuses

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

WBW

2012

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Presentation By:

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WBW

2012

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

W2012

lightly back. His body is turned

towards you.

His body is closeto you . His whole body is

supported.

There is eyecontact between

you and your

baby.

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Presentation By:

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W2012

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

W2012To nurse your baby while

cradling or holding him across

your lap, he should be lying on

his side, resting on his shoulder

and hip with his mouth level

with your nipple.Use pillows lifting your baby

and supporting your elbows to

bring your baby up to nipple

height especially during the firstfew weeks.

Support your breast with either

the "U" hold" or "C" hold

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

W2012baby is supported on a pillow

across your lap to help raise

him to your nipple level. Pillows

should also support both

elbows so your arms don't hold

the weight of the baby; they willtire before the feeding is

finished.

If you are preparing to

breastfeed on the left breast,your left hand supports that

breast in a "U" hold.

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W2012

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

W2012This is a good position for a

mother who has had aCesarean birth, as it keeps the

baby away from the incision.

In the clutch position you

support your baby's head in

your hand and his back along

your arm beside you. You

support your breast with a "C"

hold.

baby's legs and feet are tuckedunder your arm with his hips

flexed and his legs resting

along side your back rest so the

soles of his feet are pointed

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W2012


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tion By:

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W2012

Proper

Attachment

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Presentation By:

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W2012

Signs of goodattachment are

Chin touching breast

Mouth wide openLower lip turnedoutwardMore areola visibleabove than below themouthThere should be nopain

Signs that a baby is attached well at the

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Signs that a baby is attached well at the

breastbabys mouth is wide openlower lip is curled outward

lower portion

of the areola is

not visible

chin touches

the breast

Presentation By:

SKTegta

W2012

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Is this baby well attached? - YES

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W2012

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W2012

His neck is twistedor bent forward.

His body is turned

away from you

His body is not closeto you.

Only his head and

neck are supported.

There is no eye

contact between you

and your baby.

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Presentation By:

SKTegta

W2012

Signs of poorattachment are

Chin separated fromthe breast

Mouth looks closedLower lip pointedforwardMore areola visible

below the mouth andlower lipYou feel nipple pain

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Chin touching the breast No

Mouth wide open Yes

Lower lip turned outwards yes

More areoala visible above than below No

INFANT

NOT WELL

ATTACHEDPresentation By:

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W2012

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WBWNipple ConfusionNipple Confusion


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Baby can lazily gum the nubbin of the rubber and suck with only

his lips.

When the milk comes out too fast, baby may thrust his tongueforward and upward, to stop the flow from the nipple.

Milk keeps on coming during feedings from bottles--whether or

not baby sucks--so there are no pauses to rest during bottle-

feedings.

Presentation By:

SKTegtaPresenta

tion By:

SKTegta

W2012

Nipple ConfusionNipple ConfusionWhen BabyWhen Baby

Bottlefeed:Bottlefeed: He doesn't have to open his mouth aswide or correctly turn out the lips toform a tight seal.

The bottle nipple does not need to be

far back into the mouth, nor is the

milking action of the tongue

necessary.



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tissue against the roof of baby's mouth

The gums compress the milk sinuses underneath the

areola while the tongue rhythmically "milks" the breast

with a wave-like motion from front to back, drawing themilk from the areola and the nipple.

Since the nipple is far back in baby's mouth, it's not

compressed by the gums, so it's less likely to get sore.

Presentation By:

SKTegtaPresenta

tion By:

SKTegta

W2012

Nipple ConfusionNipple ConfusionWhen BabyWhen Baby

Breastfeed:Breastfeed: Baby opens his mouth wide anddraws the nipple and areolatissue far back into his mouth.

The tongue holds the breast



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They don't get enough milk, and mother's nipples get

sore.Baby becomes accustomed to the immediate flow of

milk that comes from the bottle; at the breast, babies

have to suck for a minute or two to stimulate mother's

milk ejection reflex and get the milk flowing.

Presentation By:

SKTegtaPresenta

tion By:

SKTegta

W2012

Nipple ConfusionNipple ConfusionBabies who bottlefeed may thrust

their tongue upward during sucking

and push the breast nipple out of

their mouth.

They don't open their mouths

wide enough when latching-on, sothey suck only the tip of the nipple.

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Expressing milk is useful to:

Feed a low birth weight or sick baby.Relieve engorgement.

Maintain the milk supply when themother is ill.Relieve leaking breasts.Leave milk for the baby when you go

out to work.Feed a baby while he learns sucklingfrom inverted nipples.


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Wash your hands thoroughly Sit or stand comfortably

holding a clean containernear the breast

Support your breast with one

hand and

Use the other to strokedownwards from the top

towards the areola.


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Squeeze the lower

part of the breast

between your thumband forefinger,

pressing firmly to

force the milk out.


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Move your fingers

and thumb around the

outer sides of yourbreast.Express this

milk into a sterile

container.


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breastfeeding for enhancing child growth and development-o

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