Branches Of linguistics Psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics Isabranchofstudywhichcombinesthe disciplinesofpsychologyandlinguistics. It is concerned with the relationship between the human mind and the language as it examines the processes that occur in brain while producing and perceiving both written and spoken discourse. It focuses mainly on how language is learnt , stored and , occasionally lost. Psycholinguistics Asaseparatebranchofstudyemergedinthelate1950s and1960s as a result of Chomskyanrevolution. The aim of psycholinguistics is: To find out the structureand process of language and it underlies the human ability to speak and understand Psycholinguisticsanswersthe followingquestions raisedbypeopleaboutlanguage :
1- how did language arise ? 2- how do children acquire it ? 3- why does it change? 4- howcan we teachandlearn languages that are not our mother tongues? 5- How do people use their languages? Language Acquisition
The three primary processes investigated in psycholinguistics Language Comprehension Language Production Language Acquisition Comprehension : Dealswith what apersondoes whenhelistensto speech and understandsit , and when he stores it and remembers it. Production : a person says what he's saying..
Its the side of language which deals withthe question of how and why a person says what he's saying.. Language a acquisition :
Language acquisition, is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words tounderstand and communicate. Language acquisition, the process of learning a native or a second language. The acquisition of native languages is studied primarily by developmental psychologists and psycholinguists. Although how children learn to speak is not perfectly understood, most explanations involve both the observation that children copy what they hear and the inference that human beings have a natural aptitude for understanding grammar. Theprocesswhereby the childrenachievea fluent controloftheirlanguage
is both Behavioral and rationalistic but what's the differencebetween them ??????? - Language is a result of experience
Behavioral Rationalistic - Language is a result of experience - Language is a stimulus response process - Language is a conditioned behavior - Children learn language by imitation - Language learning is practice based - Language learning is mechanical - Language is from a specific condition - Language is an innate born process - Language is not behavior like others - Children learn language by application - Language is ruled base - Language is analytic , generative and creative Aphasia The sudden or gradual loss of language duetoage orstroke.Soitsthe inabilityto speak , perceive or process language. We all can experience aphasia when we cant remember a specific word or when we say " put that in the fridge" and we mean the oven. Such slips are commonplace and are made by all users of language when the are tired , tense or getting old. Two types of Aphasia Brocas aphasia : which is traced to damage in Brocas region. It results in the loss of ability to plan the motor sequences for the production of speech. Wernickes aphasia : that results from damage to wernicks area in the left hemisphere . Wernicks aphasia suffer from receptive disorders.They dont have problems in speaking but they tend to produce unintelligible speech and they have severe problems in comprehendng stress and in selecting the right word.