brainstorming workshop on sustainable food security through technological interventions for...
TRANSCRIPT
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Brainstorming Workshop on
Sustainable Food Security through Technological Interventions for
Production, Processing and Logistics
5th October, 2013
Gargi Hall, IIT Kharagpur
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Sustainable Food Security through Technological Interventions for
Production, Processing and Logistics
A Draft Proposal
By
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
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Experts and Participants AffiliationDr. S.S. Magar Dr. B. S. Konkan Agricultural University, Pune
Dr. P. Chandra Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal
Prof. N. Vishwanadham Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Dr. B. Dinesh Kumar Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad
Dr. S. Bhattacharya Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalay, Mohanpur
Prof. D. Basu Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalay, Mohanpur
Prof. G. K. Adil Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
Prof. C. Rajendran Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Prof. R. Shankar Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi
Dr. P. Mishra Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack
Prof. S. Dutta Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi
Prof. U. B. Desai Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad
Ms. J. Umadikar Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Dr. S. D. Kore Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
Dr. A. Barve Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar
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Food Production and Distribution in India – Current Scenario
References
1) Challenges of food security and its Management, 2011, National Rainfed Area Authoroty, Planning Commission, Government of India.
2) Gahukar, R.T., Food Security in India: The Challenge of Food Production and Distribution, Journal of Agricultural & Food Information, 2011, Vol.-12, pp. 270-286.
3) Gulati, A., Gujral, J., .Nandakumar, T., National Food Security Bill Challenges and Options (http://cacp.dacnet.nic.in/NFSB.pdf).
4) Viswanadham, N., Improving India’s Food Supply Chain, Supply Chain management and Logistics 2.0, 2008, Vol.- 4(2), pp 29-32
5) http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2012/sustainable-approaches-to-reducing-food-waste-in-india.html
6) http://www.indianexpress.com/news/-india-will-have-to-double-food-production-by-2040-/1039151
Food production in India......Current Scenario
• Projected increase in food productivity - 50% by 2020, 100% by 2040
• 25-35% Losses in handling, transportation and storage
• Only 6% of logistics is linked with ICT
• High leakage through PDS
• FCI requires 52-74 MT* storage against 30 MT of current capacity
• Cold storage requires 31 MT against 21.7 MT of current capacity
* MT – Million Tonnes
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Food Production and Distribution in India – Major Challenges
• Colossal wastage
• Low yield
• Variable food grain quality
• Inadequate infrastructure for cold chain, storage, handling, and
transportation
• Poor database management
• Lack of control over quantity and quality to end customer –Not dense
monitoring
• Lack of traceability
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In order to overcome these tremendous challenges in food production and distribution system in India, a Comprehensive and Multi-disciplinary research and innovative work is required.
Food Production and Distribution in India – Required Approach
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Robust food supply chain- Responsive and coherent supply chain- Extensive usage of ICT for monitoring and tracking
Biotechnological solutions- High yield seed variety
- Nutritional enrichment
- GM and non-GM crops
Harvesting and storage
- Cold chain- Waste reduction- Maintaining food quality
Productivity improvement
- Mechanization for high yield- Water and nutrient management- Climate change risk mitigation4 Pronged
approach
Food Production and Distribution in India – Required Approach
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Framework for implementing
Food Security Act
Robust Food Supply Chain•Procurement and Packaging•Transportation and Distribution•Warehousing and cold chain•ICT
Biotechnological Solution•Functional Genomics•Metabolomics•Low Cost Nutraceuticals•Diagnostics
Food Production•Mechanization•Water and Nutrients•Climate change
Post-harvesting and Storage•Processing and Storage•Quality assessment
Food Production and Distribution in India – Framework for NFSA
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Departments involved Thematic research areas
Key research issues No. of programs
Industrial Engineering and Management(Other participating departments: Mechanical, Civil, and computer Sci. & Engg.)
Strategic and operational support
-Demand and requirement analysis, - Procurement, packaging, storage, transportation and distribution policies- Information and communication technology (ICT) for waste control - Multi-model hierarchical strategic modeling
5
Agricultural and food engineering
Food grain production
- Mechanization in food production- Water and nutrient management - Climate change adaptations and mitigations
3
Post-harvest processing and storage
- Grain processing and storage- Stored food grain quality
2
Department of Biotechnology Biotechnological solutions to sustain NFSA
- Functional genomics - Metabolomics- Low cost nutraceuticals development-Diagnostics
4
Overview of the Proposal
• Collaborative research would be pursued with other IITs. • A pilot project will also be undertaken by adopting villages near IIT Kharagpur to disseminate best practices in terms of key findings, technologies, innovation, and methodology.
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Operational Stages Related to Food Supply Chain
Waste handling
Procurement
Storage
Transportation
Distribution
Waste handling
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Specific Objectives
Reliable demand prediction
Optimal packaging strategy
Key Deliverables
Development of reliable demand forecasting methodology
Identification of optimal procurement strategy
Classification methodology of varied packaging
Procurement
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Specific Objectives
Adequate modernized storage facilities
Optimal transportation network
Key Deliverables
Identification of optimal network for central/state depots and cold storage
Optimal Transportation network (Rail/road etc.) design
Improving existing PDS system
Transportation and Storage
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Specific Objectives
Optimal replenishment policies
Inventory reduction
Key Deliverables
Analytical tools for identifying inventory requirements
Coordinated replacement policy
Eliminating overstocking/ understocking
Distribution
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Specific Objectives
Use of ICT for traceability and waste reduction
Key Deliverables
Bar-coding or smart tagging system
ICT enabled advanced inventory management
Centralized integrated online software system
Waste handling
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WP 1: Strategic and operational support to implement NFSA
Leading Department: Industrial Engineering & Management
Program 1: Demand, Procurement and Packaging requirements
Program 2: Storage and Transportation requirements
Program 3: Stock management & replenishment policy
Program 4: Information and communication technology (ICT) and
waste control in Logistics
Program 5: Multi-model hierarchical strategic modeling
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Lead Department:Agricultural and Food Engineering DepartmentIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Sustainable Food Security through Technological Interventions for
Production, Processing and Logistics
Thematic Research Areas:
Food Grain Production
Post-harvest Processing and Storage
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Food Grain Production & Post-harvest Processing and Storage
Village Adoption
Research &
Innovation
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Mechanization: Land preparation Sowing/planting
Fertilizer and pesticide application Harvesting
Water management: Irrigation system
Ground water recharge Water conservation
Village adoption: Food Grain Production
Nutrient management: Need-based nutrient
Integrated nutrient management
Climate change adaptation: Crops and cultivars Production practices
Weather-based advisory service
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Grain processing & Storage: Primary processing of grains
Modernized grain storage systemEfficient management
Stored food grain quality: Quality control system
Quality assessment methodologies
Village adoption: Post-harvest Processing and Storage
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Work Package: Precision agriculture and sustainable technologies for enhancing food grain
production
Mechanization in Food Grain Production
Research & Innovations in Food Grain Production
Water and Nutrient
Management
Climate Change Adaptations/Miti
gations
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Objectives: Development of sensor-based technology for seed
metering and fertilizer applicationDevelopment of harvesting machine and pest
management tools
Skill building of farmers with regard
to machine use
Programme 1: Mechanization in Food Grain Production
Machine suitable in farmers field of different land holding sizes
Precision nutrient and pest
management
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Objectives: Development of technologies for enhanced
water use efficiencyReal-time irrigation and nutrient
management technologiesApplication of nano-materials fertilizer for
production improvement
Technologies for increasing WUE
Programme 2: Water and Nutrient Management
ICT-based real time irrigation and
nutrient management
Nano-materaial based fertilizer
application packages
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Objectives: Analysis and understanding of climate change impacts on soil
health, water demand and food grain productionIdentification of climate-resilient cultivars of cereal cropsDevelopment of agro-adaptations/mitigations
Cultivars for rising temperature environment
Programme 3: Climate Change Adaptations and Mitigations
Agro-adaptations on water and nutrient
management
Production system adaptations
Basic information on production
Research & Innovation
Target Production
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Work Package: Processing and storage technologies to
minimize post-harvest loss of food grains
Grain Processing & Storage
Research & Innovations in Post-harvest Processing & Storage
Stored Food Grain Quality
Assessment
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Objectives: To develop processing and storage technologyTo minimize storage losses by technology up-
gradationSetting up of tertiary processing centres for RTE
meals for processing and packaging
Upgraded on-farm processing technology
Programme 1: Grain Processing and Storage
Efficient storage structure from farm
to national level
RTE practices
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Objectives: Development of food grain quality control systems
and methodologiesRapid methods for quality & safety assessment of
stored grainsEfficient handling system for online tracking with
modern techniques and methods
Capacity building of farmers,
entrepreneurs and stake holders
Programme 2: Stored Food Grain Quality Assessment
Rapid grain quality assessment
methods
Efficient handling system
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Programme 2: Stored Food Grain Quality AssessmentCollaborating Partners
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR, Bhopal
Dr. B.S. Konkan Agricultural University, PuneCentral Rice Research Institute, ICAR, CuttackBidhan Chandra Krishi Visvavidyalaya, Kalyani, West BengalIndian Agricultural Research Institute, New DelhiOrissa University of Agriculture & Technology,
Bhunabeswar, OdishaIndian Grain Storage Management and Research
Institute, Hapur, UP
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Biotechnological solutions to sustain National Food Security Act 2013
Leading Department: Department of Biotechnology
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Level Description
A Yield improvement of crops (mainly cereals)
B Nutritional quality improvement of plant products
C Storage & Transport of plant products
D Processed/packaged food with preservatives and supplements for safe and extended shelf-life of food products
What are the different levels of R & D that need to be addressed ?
‘Adequate quantity of quality food at affordable prices’ to the target people
Food for proper energy, better nutrition and appropriate healthcare
Goal:
Requirement : short-term (3-5 years) & long-term (6-10 years) programs
Biotechnology can play significant role in these programs at all 4 levels
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Specific Biotechnological Programs Sl . No. Sub-Program (Project)
1 Functional Genomics of rice crop for improvement of grain yield and product quality
2 Metabolomics for developing biomarkers as a tool to evaluate the superior phenotypes of cereal cultivars
3 Food security by reduced dietary intake: Low cost nutraceuticals development from Rice, wheat and coarse grains
4 Developing sensitive diagnostic kit for detection of pathogens in stored food grains
Robust multidisciplinary projects involving different departments/centers of IIT-Kharagpur along with research collaborators from outside.
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Functional Genomics of rice crop for improvement of grain yield and product quality
Expression profiling/ Microarray analysis
Allele mining from wild type/ cultivated
accessions
Transgenic technology to create ‘loss-of-function’ &
‘gain-of-function’ mutations
Rice genome sequence
information
Bioinformatics
Predicted genes* involved in grain yield & product quality
Identified/ characterized sets of candidate genes
Functional / genic molecular marker for selective breeding of
desired trait in progeny
Genetically modified plant with desired trait
in elite cultivarField trail etc. Release
of cultivars
*Gene involved in grain yield: Biotic & abiotic stress-tolerant, grain size & weight, semi-dwarfism, efficient nutrient uptake, male sterility for hybrid seed
*Gene involved in product quality: Nutrient-enrichment, toxin elimination
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Metabolomics for developing biomarkers as a tool to evaluate the superior phenotypes of cereal cultivars
Rice wild type/ cultivated
accessions
Metabolomics
Identified sets of metabolites correlated to
desired traits*
Development of targeted diagnostic assays for metabolite assisted
breeding of desired trait in progeny
Field trail etc. Release of cultivars
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Food security through reduced dietary intake: Low cost nutraceuticals development from rice, wheat and coarse grains
Coarse grains Wheat grainsRice grains
More prebiotic enriched semi-processed grains
Nutritional analysis, pilot testing in local hospitals, municipality and medical
college with involvement of nutrition experts, and packaging/shelf life testing
Per capita consumption can be reduced
Dietary carbohydrate based energy release may be improved
Gut microbiota will be better managed to save 40% wastage of carbohydrate
Metabolic engineering of grain crop carbohydrate will enable cost-effective and efficient healthcare
Biotechnological processing for
preferred carbohydrate
profile
Fortification with probiotics
& micronutrients
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Developing sensitive diagnostic kit for detection of pathogens in stored food grains
Stored grains and food materials
Sensitive Diagnostic Kit*
Identification of pathogens and toxins
Segregation/ destruction of infected food materials
*Kit based upon: Biochemical, Polymerase chain reaction, serological tests coupled with sensitive image capturing device
Uninfected food materials are ready for
public distribution systems
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National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Visvavidyalaya
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack
Seed or agri-business companies
Others….
Prospective Collaborating Partners
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Thank you all