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SILIGURI INSTITUTE OF SILIGURI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

Name-Moina ErsadName-Moina Ersad

B-Tech 4B-Tech 4thth year,7 year,7thth SemesterSemester

Department of Biomedical Department of Biomedical Engg.Engg.

Roll no.-11931061009Roll no.-11931061009

Guide Teacher-Sujan K. Guide Teacher-Sujan K. SamantaSamanta

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NAME OF THE TOPIC:-NAME OF THE TOPIC:-

BRAIN BRAIN MACHINE MACHINE

INTERFACINTERFACE (BMI).E (BMI).

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WHAT IS BMI?WHAT IS BMI?

Interaction between the Interaction between the human neural system and human neural system and machines.machines.

Communication system that Communication system that do not depend on peripheral do not depend on peripheral nerves and muscles.nerves and muscles.

Brain accepts and controls a Brain accepts and controls a mechanical device as a mechanical device as a natural part of its natural part of its representation of the body.representation of the body.

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BASIC PRINCIPLE:-BASIC PRINCIPLE:-

Neural impulses Neural impulses generated by the user’s generated by the user’s brain (EEG) are detected brain (EEG) are detected (usually (usually P300 brain wave P300 brain wave responses)responses)..

Signals are amplified.Signals are amplified.

Transmitted to computerTransmitted to computer

Transformed to device Transformed to device control commands.control commands.

Signals translated into Signals translated into action. action.

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OVERVIEW OF BMI:-OVERVIEW OF BMI:-

BMI

INVASIVESEMI –

INVASIVENON-

INVASIVE

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COMPONENTS OF BMICOMPONENTS OF BMI:-:-

ElectrodesElectrodes

Signal Signal Processing Processing SectionSection

External External DeviceDevice

FeedbackFeedback

77GENERAL BMI ARCHITECHTURE

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APPLICATIONS:-APPLICATIONS:-Functional-neuromuscular Functional-neuromuscular stimulation (FNS).stimulation (FNS).

Prosthetic limb control.Prosthetic limb control.

Digital identity.Digital identity.

Potential Space Applications.Potential Space Applications.

Crime Investigations.Crime Investigations.

For healthy users- improved For healthy users- improved training or performance , speed training or performance , speed and accuracy.and accuracy.

Military- fighter pilots.Military- fighter pilots.

Entertainment- computer Entertainment- computer games.games. 1st commercial BMI

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1010A paralyzed subject operates a

wheelchair by thought only.Control of a Bionic Arm

1111Space shuttle robotic arm

(NASA public pictures) Thought controlled mouse

applications.

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THE BIG CHALLANGESTHE BIG CHALLANGES:-:-

Getting the right codes out for the Getting the right codes out for the desired action desired action

Permanent brain damage.Permanent brain damage.

Virus attacks.Virus attacks.

In the networked brain condition –In the networked brain condition –what will mean to be human?what will mean to be human?

Animal rights.Animal rights.

Extensive training required.Extensive training required.

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HONDA’S BRAIN HONDA’S BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACEMACHINE INTERFACE:-:-Demonstrated on 31Demonstrated on 31stst March,2009.March,2009.Enables a user to control Enables a user to control an ASIMO robot using an ASIMO robot using nothing more than nothing more than thought. thought. A headset containing A headset containing both (EEG) and near-both (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensors used.(NIRS) sensors used.User simply imagines User simply imagines moving either hand, moving either hand, tongue or feet - and tongue or feet - and ASIMO makes a ASIMO makes a corresponding corresponding movementmovement..

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FUTURE FUTURE IMPLEMENTATIONSIMPLEMENTATIONS:-:-

Wireless implant in Wireless implant in the brain.the brain.Injectable implants.Injectable implants.Better interpretation Better interpretation of waves.of waves.Decode non-motor Decode non-motor brain signals.brain signals. Thought Thought communications.communications.

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HEADLINESHEADLINES:-:-

Computer-controlled rodents to Computer-controlled rodents to the rescue, the rescue, The ScotsmanThe Scotsman, May , May 2, 20022, 2002

Hi-tech rats soon on bomb Hi-tech rats soon on bomb squad, squad, The AdvertiserThe Advertiser, May 2, , May 2, 20022002

Remote-control rats raise Remote-control rats raise ethical issues for humans, ethical issues for humans, Sacramento BeeSacramento Bee, May 2, 2002, May 2, 2002

US scientists use remote US scientists use remote control to guide rats, control to guide rats, Agence Agence France PresseFrance Presse, May 1, 2002., May 1, 2002.

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STATISTICAL STATISTICAL INFORMATIONINFORMATION:-:-

010203040

50607080

90100

Benefits

Military & rescueClinicalEconomy

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CONCLUSION:-CONCLUSION:-

A great deal of efforts in neuroscience, A great deal of efforts in neuroscience, robotics, and computer science are robotics, and computer science are today spent by many research groups today spent by many research groups to develop BMI.to develop BMI.

Concept of BMI have been used for a Concept of BMI have been used for a large number of applications in large number of applications in various fields.various fields.

Till now research is going on largely Till now research is going on largely on monkeys and rats.on monkeys and rats.

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REFERENCESREFERENCES:-:-Websites:-Websites:- www.brainlab.orgwww.brainlab.org www.bci2000.orgwww.bci2000.org www_gizmag_com-pictures-lrg_img-honda-asimo-brain-www_gizmag_com-pictures-lrg_img-honda-asimo-brain-

machine-interfacemachine-interface www.acis.ufl.edu/dddasbmi www.acis.ufl.edu/dddasbmi http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Brain- computer- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Brain- computer-

interface#Invasive-BCIsinterface#Invasive-BCIs

Books:-Books:- Prosthetics & orthotics, by DG Schurr, TM Cook.Prosthetics & orthotics, by DG Schurr, TM Cook. Standard Handbook of Biomedical Engineering and design, Standard Handbook of Biomedical Engineering and design,

by Myer Kutzby Myer Kutz

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