Brain Architecture

Jr / Sr Vet Science

Mrs. Chotkowski

Nervous System

OKAY……………..Let’s review

• Brain: Three basic units…..

• 1. Forebrain

• 2. Midbrain

• 3. Hindbrain

Hind Brain• Includes:

• Upper part of brain stem

• Upper part of spinal cord

• Wrinkled ball of tissue called the:

cerebellum (Tree of Life)

Hind Brain

• Controls:

• Bodily vital functions such as:

respiration and heart rate

Hind Brain

• Cerebellum:

• Coordinates movement: Ball throwing, playing the piano

Mid Brain

• Controls some reflex actions:

• Eye movement and other voluntary movement.

Fore Brain

• The largest and most highly developed part of the human brain. Consists primarily of the cerebrum and the structures beneath it.

Fore Brain• Cerebrum:• The source of intellectual

activities• Is split into two halves• Signals cross over when they go

to the brain R L

Cerebrum

• Second largest part of the brain

• Coordinates muscle activity for smooth movement

Cerebrum

Cerebellum

Lobes of the Brain

1. Frontal Lobe:

• Organization, reason, short term storage

Lobes of the Brain

2. Parietal Lobes:

• Sensory Areas:

• Info @ taste, touch, and movement. (Reading and arithmetic)

Lobes of the Brain

3. Occipital Lobes:

Process images from the eyes

Lobes of the Brain

4. Temporal Lobes:

Appreciating music, receives info from the ears, integrating memory such as music, taste, sound, sight and touch.

Cerebral Cortex

• Gray matter, surface of the brain, the width of three dimes. Vital information processing takes place here.

Hypothalamus• @ size of a pearl

• Adrenaline

• Emotions

• Secretes: Releasing and inhibiting factors that affect substance release from pituitary

Hypothalamus

Thalamus

• Clearinghouse for information going to and from the spinal cord

Thalamus

Meninges• Connective tissue, encases the

brain and spinal cord

• 3 layers

• Encloses the CNS

3 layers: Dura mater, Arachnoid and Pia mater

Means durable

Means spider

Means soft and tender

Meninges

Olfactory Bulb

• Responsible for an animal’s sense of smell

Olfactory Bulb

Pituitary Gland

• Also called hypophysis

• Master gland: it secretes many hormones that control or master other endocrine glands

Pituitary Gland

• Acts in response to:

Stimuli from the hypothalamus

Pituitary Gland

Medulla Oblongata

• Cranial end of the spinal cord

• Controls basic life functions

Medulla Oblongata

Spinal Cord

• Continuation of the medulla oblongata

Spinal Cord

Brain Stem

• Stalk-like, connects the cerebral hemisphere with the spinal cord:

• Consists of the: Pons, medulla oblongata, mid brain and interbrain

Brain Stem