bowshock • upstream region • begin magnetosphere...
TRANSCRIPT
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Today
• Bowshock• Upstream region• Begin Magnetosphere Convection
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Use Lorentz Force to explain single particle motions
Note on Biot-Savart Law, see: • http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/biosav.html
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What to do first?Treat Earth’s B-field as Barrier in Solar Wind• 1st we have a Bow Shock because Solar
Wind is Supersonic (Super Alfvenic)• New Physics: Upstream Region• Magnetospheath – flow around
magnetopause• Reconnection of BIMF with Earth’s B field
So. Lets talk about the Bow Shock, and work our way into the magnetosphere
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Today
From the ACE Spacecraft
http://pixie.spasci.com/DynMod/
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How do Shock Waves Work?
• Shock propagation speed: not limited by plasma properties
• Example of sound speed and shock• Example of cars (p. 133 K&R)• Shock Wave causes an irreversible change
of state of the plasma
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Upstream
Region Bow Shock
Magnetopause
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Whenever you are in the electron foreshock, you see this plasma frequency wave
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How to make waves in a plasma?
• EM Mode coupling• Mechanical stimulation• Non-thermal particle distributions =
instability to wave growth• …
Lets talk about Landau Damping and Wave Growth
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This is a model of what you see in the foreshock: a background thermal distribution, and a fast ‘beam’ moving up the field line
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After the plasma passes through the shock, the state of the plasma has irreversibly changed:
P, T and n (and B) are all changed irreversibly.
We have a new equation of state.
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Upstream region
Bow Shock
Now lets examine plasma processes at the magnetopause