Matthew N. EislerStrathclyde Chancellor’s FellowHistory, Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of Strathclydemattheweisler.weebly.com

Bounding Battery Risk: Managing Convergence in theElectric Auto Age

https://www.autoevolution.com/news/tesla-model-x-involved-in-fatal-fiery-crash-on-highway-101-in-mountview-124517.html

https://www.tesla.com/gigafactory?redirect=no

1909 Babcock, electric garage Recharging at substation, 1909

https://mashable.com/2015/07/20/early-electric-cars/#_zFZwDxo0PqX

Would history have been different if the electric car hadbeen marketed as a product rather than a service?

The durability paradox

…and its implications for battery manufacturing andbattery ownership

California Air Resources BoardZero Emission Vehicle mandate quotas

2 % 1998-20005% 2001-200210% 2003

Stanford R. Ovshinsky

http://evworld.com/news.cfm?newsid=28976

+= ???

The GM conundrum….

Impact

Harry J. Pearce

1987-1994: general counsel1992-1996: executive VP1996-2001: vice chair (responsible forGM’s non-automotive technologies)

expertise: leadership, finance, and“engineering and law”

the eminence grise of GM’sgreen car program…

The GM-Ovonic approach: leapfrog, and chicken andegg

…concurrent research, development, testing andmanufacturing…

…of the most advanced pack in the world that GM promised toorder at scale…

…when Ovonic drove down costs…

GM01: 13.2V 1.2 kWh, 70Wh/kg

Taniguchi et al., “Development of Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries for EVs andHEVs,” Journal of Power Sources 100 (2001) 117–124.

The Toyota-Matsushita approach: lets use commodity cells…

…in a package that will age like an internal combustion vehicle

The “engineering and law” approach to battery bounding givesyou a supercar that ticks almost all the boxes…

Pearce and the Precept hybrid hydrogen concept car, 11 January 2000, Detroit, NAI Auto Show

The realtechnopolitik approach to battery bounding gives you aplausibly green commercial car…

Kyoto Protocol, December 1997

http://john1701a.com/prius/prius-ad02.htmhttps://www.britannica.com/event/Kyoto-Protocol