boris keil, psideels workshop 201412.5.14 the e-xfel button bpm system boris keil for the psi...

Boris Keil, PSI DEELS Workshop 2014 12.5.14

The E-XFEL Button BPM System Boris Keil For the PSI Diagnostics Team

Paul Scherrer Institut


12.5.14DEELS Workshop 2014


2

European XFEL• L ~ 3400m. 17.5GeV. SASE <0.1nm.

• Trains of ~2700 bunches @ 10Hz.

• ~222ns min. bunch spacing.

• 20-1000pC / bunch.

mm

mm

mm

mm m

mm

m

Main linac tunnel

Beam distribution,max. 5 undulators User experiments

Gun

Originally 100-1000pC ...

Introduction


3Introduction

E-XFEL BPM Quantities & Types

# BPM Type Aperture [mm]

Pickup RFFE ADC & Digital Back-End

73 “Cold” button 78 DESY PSI PSI

31 “Cold” re-entrant cavity

78 CEA Saclay

CEA Saclay

PSI

228 “Warm” button 40.5 - 100 DESY PSI PSI

117 Undulator cavity 10 DESY PSI PSI

18 Transfer line cavity 40.5 DESY PSI PSI

Modular Electronics

• One digital back-end (FPGA carrier board) and crate type for all BPMs.• Two ADC mezzanine types:

Button: 12-bit 500MSamples/sCavity: 16-bit 160MSamples/s

• Three RF Front-End (RFFE) types: Re-entrant, button, cavity (undulator/TL).• Per crate (“MBU” = Modular BPM Unit): 4 button BPMs, or 2 cavity BPMs, or mix.


44E-XFEL BPM Requirements

Ap

ert

ure

1-

Bu

nc

h R

MS

No

ise

(>

0.1

Hz)

10

00

-Bu

nc

h A

ve

rag

e R

MS

No

ise

Dri

ft / H

ou

r (X

=5

0μ

m, d

T=

0.1

°C)

Dri

ft / H

ou

r (X

=5

00

μm

, dT

=0

.1°C

)

Dri

ft / W

ee

k (X

=5

0μ

m, d

T=

0.5

°C)

Dri

ft / W

ee

k (X

=5

00

μm

, dT

=0

.5°C

)

Inte

gra

l Po

sitio

n N

on

line

arit

y

X-Y

Co

up

ling

Bu

nch

-Bu

nch

Cro

ssta

lk

Ch

arg

e D

ep

en

de

nce

dQ

/Q=

±5

%

Ma

x. R

es

olu

tio

n R

an

ge

Mo

no

ton

ic R

an

ge

(Q

<2

50

pC

)

Ele

ctro

nic

s L

ate

ncy

BPM Type mm μm μm μm μm μm μm % % μm μm mm mm μsWarm Button 40.5 51 11 15 20 26 32 9 4 30 ± 100 ± 3 ± 10 1E4Warm Button 100 151 31 27 32 46 53 9 4 50 ± 200 ± 5 ± 20 1E4Cold BPM 78 76 16 27 32 46 53 9 4 30 ± 100 ± 3 ± 10 1E4Transfer Line Cavity 40.5 11 1.1 5.6 6.8 11 13 2.5 6 1 ± 10 ± 1 ± 2 1E4Undulator Cavity 10 1.1 0.21 0.8 1.9 - - 2.5 4 1 ± 1 ± 0.5 ± 2 1E4

Noise* Temperature Drift Other Systematics Chosen Feature

Requirements For Complete System (Electronics + Pickup):

* For 0.1-1nCdetermined by PU+Electr. determined by Electr.


55

Ap

ert

ure

1-

Bu

nc

h R

MS

No

ise

(>

0.1

Hz)

10

00

-Bu

nc

h A

ve

rag

e R

MS

No

ise

Offs

et D

rift

pe

r °C

Am

bie

nt

Ad

de

d O

ffse

t Dri

ft/h

, Sta

ble

Am

bie

nt

Ga

in D

rift

pe

r °C

Am

bie

nt

Ad

de

d G

ain

Dri

ft/h

, Sta

ble

Am

bie

nt

Inte

gra

l Po

sitio

n N

on

line

ari

ty

X-Y

Co

up

ling

of E

lect

ron

ics

Bu

nch

-Bu

nch

Cro

ssta

lk

Ch

arg

e D

ep

en

de

nce

dQ

/Q=

±5

%

Ma

x. R

es

olu

tio

n R

an

ge

Mo

no

ton

ic R

an

ge

(Q

<2

50

pC

)

Ele

ctro

nic

s L

ate

ncy

BPM Type mm μm μm μm μm % % % % μm μm mm mm μsWarm Button 40.5 50 10 20 10 1 1 7 2 30 ±100 ±3 ±10 1E4Warm Button 100 150 30 40 20 1 1 7 2 50 ±200 ±5 ±20 1E4Cold BPM 78 75 15 40 20 0.7 0.7 7 2 30 ±100 ±3 ±10 1E4Transfer Line Cavity 40.5 10 1 10 5 0.4 0.2 2 1 1 ±10 ±1 ±2 1E4Undulator Cavity 10 1 0.2 1 0.5 0.4 0.2 2 1 1 ±1 ±0.5 ±2 1E4

Noise* Temperature Drift Other Systematics Chosen Feature

Resulting Requirements For Electronics:

* For 0.1-1nC CalibrateStabilize/Calibrate

E-XFEL BPM Requirements


6

Cold & Warm Button BPM• "Cold Button" (Linac Cryostats): Aperture 78mm.

• Warm Button (Warm transfer lines ...): Aperture 40.5mm (transfer line), 100mm (beam dump).

• Version with and without flange (space requirements …).

• Warm Button: ~3x better position resolution @ low charge than cold button (aperture: 2x, button size: 1.5x).

D. Lipkaet al.

E-XFEL Button BPM Pickups


7

“GP

AC

”C

arrier B

oa

rdP

igg

ybac

k Bo

ards

VME 64x/2esstTransceivers

VMEbus

CompactFlash &

Controller

2 ADCs2 ADCs2 ADCs Clocks &Trigger

Conf./SEUFPGA

RAM

UserDefinedI/Os

SystemFPGA

(Virtex 5 FXT)

Serial Bus TransceiversV

ME

-P2

Backp

lane

Bo

ardRFFE Control (Gain, PLL Freq., …)

BackplaneFPGA

(“Low Cost”)

•ADC Clock

•Bunch Trig.BunchtrainPretrigger•

RAM

XF

EL

Co

ntr

ol S

ys.

Lin

k

PS

I Mai

nte

nan

ce L

ink

(1-5 Gbps)Rocket IOs

IBFB Link IBFB Link

Contr. Sys. Link

2 SFPFiberOptic

Transceivers

BPMFPGA 1

(Virtex 5 *XT)

RAM

Button Pickup

Button RFFE

4 ADCs

Button Pickup

Button RFFE

Cavity Pickup

Cavity RFFE

4 ADCs Clocks &Trigger

BPMFPGA 2

(Virtex 5 *XT)

LVDS (0.1-1Gbps) LVDS (0.1-1Gbps)

•ADC Clock

•Bunch Trig.BunchtrainPretrigger•

MB

U

BPM data processing &

storage, RFFE tuning, calibration,

…

Control system interface: VME, VXS, or front-

panel fiber optic links

(Ethernet, …). PowerPC in

FPGA can run Linux/EPICS.

E-XFEL Button BPM System


88E-XFEL Button BPM RFFE

• Diode + S&H capacitor. Discharge: Automatic, or via external trigger.• Active temperature stabilization (several sensors + heaters).• On-board test/calibration pulser simulates beam signal.• Finite-response chirp filter improves low-charge resolution.• Two modes: External trigger, or self-trigger (on beam signal)

Chirp Filter

63dB gain range, 0.5dB steps


9

Button BPM RFFE (Cont’d): Input filter• Dispersive input filter stretches button pickup pulse.

• Eases signal handling (linearity/saturation, …).

• Bandwidth >1GHz: More energy, better low-charge resolution.

Notch @ 1.3GHz(avoids noise from high-power RF …)

E-XFEL Button BPM RFFE


10

Button BPM RFFE : PCB Floor Plan

Active temperature stabilization

Differential coax outputs to ADCs: Low

noise.

Monitoring of power supply

voltage & current



11

VME P2

Detector, Discharger and Buffer Add-On Modules

Calibration Pulser

Power Supply Regulators

Control I/O Circuits

Hot-Swap Controller +5V and +12V

RF Amplifier Chain and Step Attenuator

RF Shield removed



12

Chirp Filter Module

Hot-Swap Controller 12V

Biasing of Calibration Switches



13

Modular BPM Unit (“MBU”)• 19’’ housing, power supply, fans, …

• Contains 4 button RF front-ends (RFFEs), or 2 cavity RFFEs, or combination.

• Common digital-back-end FPGA board (GPAC = Generic PSI ADC carrier) + two ADC mezzanines.

MBU for two undulator BPMs

Control, timing & feedback interfaces: Multi-gigabit fiber optic links. Multi-protocol & baud rate support (PCI-e,

Ethernet, …)

E-XFEL Button BPM Electronics


14

Modular BPM Unit (“MBU”) Features• Interfaces: 2x SFP+ front, 4x SFP+ rear (6.5Gbps), MPS, ...• Protocols: PCIe, GigE, E-XFEL timing system, SLS timing system, custom FPGA-FPGA bridge, custom feedback (low-latency data transfer to E-XFEL feedback systems, ...).•Cooling & temperatures:

• 8 fans with individual regulation• Can keep overall power dissipation constant (measures 230V line power dissipation & has heater at air outlet)• All inserted boards: Live insertion, remote power off/on, remote monitoring of supply voltages & currents for each board & whole crate• Large number of high-resolution temperature sensors (on RFFEs, ADCs, FPGA board, crate power board, ...)

•Redundant main power supply

E-XFEL Button BPM Electronics


15E-XFEL Button BPM Electronics

MBU Backplane


16MBU Fans

B A C K P L A N E

Air Flow

Rear Transition Boards

Front VME Board

FA

NF

AN

FA

NF

AN

8 fans with individual speed control. Removable

fan tray.


17MBU Air Flow Simulation

MBU air flow & temperature simulation MBU air flow &

temperature simulation


18MBU Power & Crate Controller

+5V / GND+3V3 / GND

SPE

HSC(5)

MASTER_RESET

WATCHDOG

FP_PWR

FP_CTRL[9:0]

PWRMETER

PWRMON

IDTEMP

RP1

15W HEATER

RP2

+12V / GND-12V / GND

RP0

MMC

ETH

Jx Jx

230 VACPLUG

2x PowerSupply

DC Power

DC Power

Not on main board

15W HEATER

FAN_CTRL[4:0]

USB

CFG

GPAC_V2.1

SPE

HSC(5)

+5V_STBY[1:0]

FP_CTRL[7:0]

WATCHDOG

MASTER_RESET

FAN

+12VD

PWR MODULE

230 VACMAIN PWR

METER

PWRMON

30 WATTHEATER

FAN_CTRL[7:0]

PWR Module ID

3

8

8

FP

230V AC

PM_CTRL[7:0] 8

+3.3V_STBY

1x RJ45

I2C_TMP[6:0] 7

TEMP Sensor 1..5

DC/DC

P12V1

P12V2

P5V0P3V3

P12V_AD

N12V_A

12V I2C_PWR[9:0]

SmartFusion A2F200 WIZnet W5200OLED

SPI10/100 Base T

Ethernet

MMC MODULE

1x Type B USBUSB

16-32MB Flash

SPI

S25FL256

MMC -OVERVIEW

MAC ADDRESS

25AA02E48

UART/USB

FT232H

4Mx16PSRAM

IS66WVE4M16BLL

43

5

RTC

PCA2129

ETC

DS1682

Temp Sensor

TMP112

MMC Module ID

24AA025E48

AC/DCUNIT

24.9.2013

OUT-Register

PCA9555

IN-RegisterAlerts

PCA9555

MBU power board with MMC mezzanine

MMC mezzanine: Intelligent crate controller/manager (FPGA with SEU-proof

configuration & ARM CPU)


19

• 8-channels, 1.3 GHz BW, balanced inputs• 12-Bit, max. 500 MSa/s, Intersil KAD5512P• Internal or external clock• Adjustable clock PLL, divider, delays

Button BPM ADC Mezzanine Board


20"GPAC" FPGA Carrier Board


21Button BPM FPGA Firmware


22

ADC Signal Processing in FPGA

Sliding WindowAverager

Baseline

Sliding Window Delay

Sliding WindowAverager

Beam Position Signal from RFFE

max difference

from baseline to measuredposition

Time

Am

plitu

de

Analog Signal

Samples

Button BPM Signal Processing


23ADC Averaging & Resolution


2424

Pickup Signal Stretched by Chirp Filter

RFFE output signal, mode2: S&H discharge

by external trigger

(=standard mode)

RFFE output signal, mode1: Automatic S&H discharge by

resistor (=non-standard mode

e.g. when external trigger

is missing)

E-XFEL Button BPM Signals


25

Beam Test Results (FLASH, SwissFEL Test Inj.)Cold button (Ø=78mm) RMS position noise (single bunch):

~30μm @ 20pC~5μm at 100-1000pC

Warm button (Ø=40.5mm) RMS position noise (single bunch):~11μm @ 20pC~5μm @ 60pC

Warm button,1 bunch

Expect ~3μm at 150-1000pC, to be measured

Charge noise <0.05% at 50-

1000pC

Average over 40 bunches

E-XFEL Button BPM Results


26Applications, Status, Outlook ...

Other applications of E-XFEL button BPM electronics

•SLS BPM upgrade. For striplines in linac, transfer lines, and for booster button pickups (usually 1 bunch, 1 µs bunch spacing).

•SwissFEL bunch length monitor ("bunching monitor") after bunch compressor: E-XFEL button BPM electronics connected to output of THz detector front-end (Schottky diode, delivers signal similar to button BPM pickup). Successful test at SwissFEL test injector done.

Status & Outlook

•Currently characterizing & minimizing temperature drift (active temperature stabilization, feed-forward using two temperature sensors per RF channel, ...)

•Schedule: Pre-series for E-XFEL gun commissioning 8/2014, injector commissioning 3/2015, main linac 1st beam end 2016.


27Team & Acknowledgements

• D. Treyer (RF Front-End Electronics)

• M. Roggli, R. Ditter, R. Kramert (ADC Mezzanine, BPM Crate)

• R. Baldinger (FPGA Carrier Board)

• W. Koprek, G. Marinkovic (Software & FPGA Firmware)

and:

• The SwissFEL test injector operation team (Beam test support @ PSI)

• The DESY diagnostics group: D. Lipka, D. Nölle, S. Vilcins, and many others ...



Thank you for yourattention!

boris keil, psideels workshop 201412.5.14 the e-xfel button bpm system boris keil for the psi...

Documents