[DIS]CONTINUITY: interventions of historical Rotterdam

Teera Dhanamun, Jue Qiu, Philip MannaertsArchiprix 2011 TUDelft

[DIS]CONTINUITY3

[dis]continuity : Interventions in historical RotterdamArchiprix graduation project -- Jue Qiu, Teera Dhanamun, Philip Mannaerts

Content

. Research of Urban Morphology

. Nolli maps & programmatic comparison

. Time line of Urban Development . Urban scale interventions

. Areal interventions

. Building scale interventions

. Programmatic connection & Composition

. Hybrid composition

. Masterplan result

. City office v.1 - Teera Dhanamun

. City office v.2 - Jue Qiu

. Hotel - Philip Mannaerts

Individual essays

. Essay - Teera Dhanamun

. Essay - Jue Qiu

. Essay - Philip Mannaerts

6

10

12

14

32

50

56

60

64

68

128

168

220

226

232

[DIS]CONTINUITY

Rotterdam is the city in the Netherlands which is particularly known for its modern and experimental architecture. Theories and trends of architecture and urban planning from the last six decades can be perceived by walking in the city.

But Rotterdam can also recite another story, the one of the city that is lost. At the beginning of WWII, the whole city centre was bombed and almost completely destroyed by the subsequent fire. The government made the resolute decision to build a new city centre, following the principles of a so called modern metropolis. Today, the city seems to be burdened by the loss of its rich history, but also by the effect of the radical changes made 60 years ago.

This text originates from a shared interest of three students for the loss of the historic city of Rotterdam, the harsh reconstruction after WWII and the impact both events have on the contemporary city. In the shape of statues, literal references are made to the tragic event of the ‘bombing blitz’. The rich history of the city however, is wiped out and forgotten.

Our interference became a combination of emphasizing existing urban structures and restoring a former ambience into the current condition. By implementing characteristics of historic Rotterdam in a contemporary manner, into the present-day city, the important awareness of historic continuity is recreated. The interventions have the lost history as a starting point, are adjusted to today’s prospects and are attuned to the transformations of the future.

The theme of historical interventions - minor adjustments - into the existing urban context is used on different scales, from the scale of the city centre, to ��������������� �� ������������������ ����������������� �������������� ��block on our site, which can also be seen as a sum of different interventions.

On a different timescale, we noticed that - since the reconstruction - certain locations have been subject to a swift succession of sudden changes or unrelated events. These spaces seem to be functioning as pure examples of hybrid spaces, constantly facing new spatial and functional conditions. ������������������ ������� ������� ��� ���������� ���� ��� � ��of the spaces, it became significant to focus on the issue of time for the research and design strategy.

Historical Interventions

An analysis ofthe morphological growth of the city centre, from the 17th century to 2010, was linked to the spatial characteristics that went hand in hand with those developments. For important zones in the perception of the city, we determined the specific intervention that defined its definite characteristics.

[DIS]CONTINUITY: INTERVENTIONS IN HISTORICAL ROTTERDAM

For the architectural design on the site of the ‘Stadstimmerhuis’ - the first building of Rotterdam’s reconstruction - our attempt was to combine the interventions-strategy with a functional destiny, into an all including ������������������������ �� ��� ������������������ ��������������� ��could become a vigorous force that can intensify public life, not only on our site but on the whole city centre. A hybrid setting, directly connected to the already existing network of different functions of the city centre, a composition in which three different functions co-exist, relate to each other and share similar intentions.

Hybrids as public life generators

This principle of hybrid buildings is not new at all, overlapping and combining different functions on shared pieces of land are common

[DIS]CONTINUITY

throughout history. Best known historic examples are probably the Roman thermal baths or Ponte Vecchio in Florence. The first true intentions of combining different functions in the same building, to gain additional value from the specific layout and interfaces, occurred at the end of the 19th century, in American cities as New York and Chicago. What started as the � ���� ��������� ��� ������ �������������� ������!�������������!��filled, evolved into visionary schemes of diluting programs in multi-use complexes.

Buildings that functioned as entire cities on their own. Modernist functionalism unfortunately put a stop to this exiting development, but the last decade we can observe new initiatives. Nowadays in western countries, it is not primary essential to store as much program as possible on one site. There is a striking need for intensification, the stimulation of public life happening in certain parts of the city. So called ‘hybrid groundscrapers’ like our proposal, can function as public life condensers that generate activity, happening in and around the building.

Fragmentation

What role can architecture and aesthetics play within this hybrid scheme, what is the architectural manifestation of this kind of urban buildings? Yona

Friedman perceives the city as only inside space, as one grand structure, without facades or elevations. In a city, no object is a preponderant one. A city can create a shape of harmony, that transcends all diversity of form, style, colour and luxury. Every city(centre) or neighbourhood has its own characteristic rhythm or equilibrium of form, f.e. Amsterdam’s canal houses or of the guild houses on Brussel’s Grand place. In Rotterdam however, this characteristic repetition happens on a different scale. Massive structures dominate the perception of Rotterdam’s city centre, they are put next to each other or combined into one fragmented composition.

This phenomenon of fragmentation and patch-like tectonics, was for us an observation to bear in mind. The hybrid composition of our building is clear-cut outlined and visible from the outside. Jospeh Phenton makes the distinction between fabric, monolith and graft hybrids. Like ours, graft ��������������� ��� ���������������������"����� ������������������� ��are built up from different elements showing variety of program, but can act as autonomous elements in the city of Rotterdam.

Philip Mannaerts, Jue Qiu, Teera Dhanamun

[DIS]CONTINUITY 6

urban morphology

1694 1733

[DIS]CONTINUITY7

1839 1886

[DIS]CONTINUITY 8

urban morphology

1925 1935

[DIS]CONTINUITY9

1945 2005

[DIS]CONTINUITY 10

nolli map

1886 2009

[DIS]CONTINUITY11

historical programmatic overview

1886 2009

CommunityCommercialCulturalOfficeResidentialTransport

[DIS]CONTINUITY 12

Timeline of Urban Development

1694 1839 18861733

17th century Rotterdam

After a century of major growth, Rotterdam became the dominated economy of surrounding town-ships.The ‘Schielandhuis’ is the only 17th century building that has survived the WWII bombing.

The water city

The city was an important mer-chant city. Port activities penetrat-ed widely into the city centre,by the numberous canals and large quaysides.

Filling of small canals

For hygienic reasons, most of the small canals were filled.Still, living conditions remained rather bad, people were living in small and poor houses.

Railway Viaduct on Binnenrotte

Filling of Binnenrotte for the construction of a railway viaduct, running through the city centre.Hoogstraat and the Passage were the main commercial areas.

[DIS]CONTINUITY13

1945 20051925 1935

Construction Of Cityhouse, Post-officeLarge housing blocks were de-molished for the construction of a new city house and post office.Coolsingel and other large canals were filled for guiding car traffic into the city.

Breakthrough of Meent

To solve traffic problems, a con-nection between Coolsingel and Goudsesingel was made.Simultaneously, new buildings like the stock exchange and police office were erected.

Plan for reconstruction, Van Traa

At the beginning of the Second World War, the whole city centre was bombed and almost com-pletely destroyed.The government made the reso-lute decision not to rebuild, but to grasp the opportunity to build a new city centre,according to a masterplan of Cornelis van Traa.

Current situation

Today, the city centre seems to be burdened by the loss of its rich history, but also by the radical changes made 60 years ago.It is chracterized by open and deserted pulic spaces, out of scale buildings and a lack of historical overlap and ambiguity

[DIS]CONTINUITY 14

URBAN SCALE INTERVENTIONS

In the area of the original city centre (Stadsdriehoek), eight principal areas that determine the perception of the city, and three secondary areas with great potential, are selected to adjust according to our our results of the research.

The principal areas mainly include important urban streets and urban nodes. The secondary areas are minor locations, but have the potential to become more public and attractive places to stay.

Our interference is a combination of emphasizing existing urban fabrics or structures and restoring a former ambience into the current situation. By only minor adjustments, by emphasizing the inherent cultural quality of the specific sites, the most optimal result can be achieved.

[DIS]CONTINUITY15

Hoogstraat

Meent

Coolsingel

Hofplein

Haagseveer

Binnenrotte

Goudsesingel

Pompenburg

Schielandshuis

B

[DIS]CONTINUITY 16

Meent : Breakthrough by Burgdoffer in 1914

Description

- cutting through the existing urban fabric- connection of Coolsingel with residential area- used to be a monotonous image of facades (after the bombing)

Historic Picture of Meent from elevated Railway Historic Picture of Meent from Doorbraak

[DIS]CONTINUITY17

Proposal

- emphasis on a consistent and coherent appearance of the Meent on ground level. i.e. same paving, greenery, wideness of the pavement or continuous gradient

Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY 18

Description

- connection of north and south of city centre- large (and monumental) buildings along the street, give a symbolic image of the city- wide with tram and car traffic

Historic pictures of Hoogstraat Pictures of reference

Coolsingel : Boulevard after filling of the Coolvest

[DIS]CONTINUITY19

Proposal

- look at famous examples (Champs Elysees, Firenze) and try to get the specific characteristics.Then try to implement them on the Coolsingel (f.e. remove pavilions, un-obstructed groundfloors, …)

Section sketch

Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY 20

Description

- pedestrian connection from east to west- backside of buildings is low quality- Buildings are lower then in the past- Original Hoogstraat is cut in two by the Binnenrotte

Historic pictures of Hoogstraat Pictures of reference

hoogstraat : long strip as a shopping street

[DIS]CONTINUITY21

Proposal

- put some trees in adjacent spaces. continuous pavement (other material, colour, …)- make of the Hoogstraat a more compact shopping street with shops of better quality- reconnect the Hoogstraat with the other side, over the Binnenrotte(extend the pavement on the Binnenrotte to the other side)

Section sketch

Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY 22

Description

- 1 linear street, next to the Delftse Vaart, with small building blocks in between.- pedestrian connection, going south- several see-throughs in between the buildings, towards the water

Historic pictures of Haagseveer and Delftsevaart Pictures of reference

Haagseveer and canal: historic linear connection north to south

[DIS]CONTINUITY23

Proposal

- emphasis on the linear North-South connection- slow street on the one side, canal with an ‘esplanade’ on the other side, with multiple visual and physical connections between each other- esplanade with more intimate materials (timber or steel plate ‘see through’)- focus on backsides of buildings, make the edge more rigid (soft material). Make the back sides more enjoyable, by adding several bridges, connecting the edges to the ‘esplanade’.

Section sketch

Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY 24

Description

- large, continuous, empty open space without any subdivision- First large plane of water, later filled for railway-viaduct, now open space after the underground railway track- Binnenrotte became larger (wider) with the reconstruction after the bombing

Timeline of the Binnenrotte(plein), showing the different transformations

Binnenrotte : Place of transformation

[DIS]CONTINUITY25

Proposal

- emphasis on the linear North-South connection- slow street on the one side, canal with an ‘esplanade’ on the other side, with multiple visual and physical connections between each other- esplanade with more intimate materials (timber or steel plate ‘see through’)- focus on backsides of buildings, make the edge more rigid (soft material). Make the back sides more enjoyable, by adding several bridges, connecting the edges to the ‘esplanade’.

Conceptual Drawing: Binnenrotte as a park, different activities

sport facilities and recreation thick grown park playgorund for kids open square at Blaak

[DIS]CONTINUITY 26

Description

- a node of traffic, around a central fountain- one quite attractive and three unattractive corners- no good connection of the different sides of the crossroad

Historic pictures of Haagseveer and Delftsevaart Pictures of reference

Hofplein: contrast between now and before the reconstruction

[DIS]CONTINUITY27

Proposal

- place an object in the middle of the Hofplein, showing the news, commercials, sports- try to make a visual connection of coherence with the other sides of the street, create places to stay, make an attractive traffic circle (at least on the two south sides)

Sketch (from Northwest corner of Hofplein) Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY 28

Pompenburg - Goudsche Single : main axis around the centre after the filling of canal

Description

- wide, traffic of cars and trams- only partly covered with green.- rather small pavement

Historic Picture of Pompenburg

Proposal

- attention to ground floor activity- Green tramway completely, grass + trees

Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY29

Mariniersweg : new connection in post war reconstruction

Description

- wide street, low traffic- facilities for people to stay and green area, in the middle of the road- wideness forms a border for the remaining part of the original historic city

Proposal

- focus on the present assets, use the green in the middle and the low traffic to make a nice environment to stay.- more pedestrian crossings, to go to the green area

Conceptual Drawing

[DIS]CONTINUITY 30

Schielandshuis & Markethall : New develloped area around the monument

Description

- monumental building in the middle of high rises- bad connection with the water- deserted and bald, too much open space- chaotic mixture of different programs- market hall will make area more lively

Historic pictures of Haagseveer and Delftsevaart

[DIS]CONTINUITY31

Proposal

- redevelop open space next to the water- make wider bases of highrise on groundlevel, to make the area more dense, compact- match the program on groundlevel with the area (addition of commercial program)- extend the bank of Steiger or build some terrace next to water make a quiet and comfortable space for people.

Conceptual Drawing

addition of commercial area

wider bases for a more compact environment

[DIS]CONTINUITY 32

AREAL INTERVENTIONS

For the direct surroundings of our site, we continued with the same strategy but worked on a more detailed level.

Six specific interventions are proposed to improve the site and neighborhood, though they are partially derived from the larger interventions.

The pedestrian scale is our primar focus; for example Stadhuisstraat can become a new square to connect the site with Coolsingle and shopping and business area of the Rotterdam; The Haagscheveer can obtain a more consistent quality of a linear north-south street.

Other interventions are specificly chosen to stress the historical qualities of the area, with city-house, postoffice, police-office and Stadstimmerhuis, four monuments next to each other.

[DIS]CONTINUITY33

Delftsche Poort

Doelstraat

Stadhuisstraat

Haagseveer

Delftschevaart

Police Office

[DIS]CONTINUITY 34

The Delftsevaart is extended until the Pompenburg, like itwas before. The Delftsche Poort used to be this gate forcrossing the water on Hofplein.The continuing of the water till the ‘monument’ will givepeople a reference of the canal which was busy and crowdedin the past. It will also give the area a visual connectiontowards the north, to make it more lively.A new bridge is also provided so that the traffic for two sidewill not be influenced.

Historic pictures of Haagseveer and Delftsevaart

Delftsche Poort : connecting water

[DIS]CONTINUITY35

AfterBefore

[DIS]CONTINUITY 36

The urban structure of this area altered completely after the SecondWorld War, what used to be a big block with an inside garden for thesociety ‘De Doelen’ is now re-arranged as residential block and the policebuilding with the linear square in between.The area used to serve as cultural and recreational space (Theatre andArchery club) but instead of bringing these functions back, we want torestore the liveliness of this area by customizing the area for the presentresidential block (Sportfield and small skating park)

Doelstraat : sport field

Historic picture

[DIS]CONTINUITY37

AfterBefore

[DIS]CONTINUITY 38

A new esplanade of an intimate material (wood) is builtalong the Delftsevaart, next to the existing residentialblocks. It can be a refernce to the former situation, when towater was used intensively.The esplanade is a little lower than the level of the ground,which means closer to water. It offer people a platform toget closer to water. The ground floor of these houses arereplaced with some public functions (cafes, bars, barbers...)to attract more people.

Delftsevaart : Esplanade on Water

Historic pictures

[DIS]CONTINUITY39

AfterBefore

[DIS]CONTINUITY 40

haagseveer : removing of staircases

To provide a continuous feeling on street level, and to emphasize the linearity of the Haagseveer, the existingstaircases along the Haagseveer are moved towards the back side of the residential block. The space is already present.This together with a same pattern of pavement, will cause that more space on the pavement is won.A comfortable pedestrian environment is created.

Historic pictures

[DIS]CONTINUITY41

AfterBefore

[DIS]CONTINUITY 42

police office : re-valuation of the historical facade

The ‘Politie- paleis’ was one of the only buildings that survived the WWII.It was renovated in 1993, but with few respect to the existing building.And extra layer and new roof was added, a pink plaster layer on the facade.The extension of the ‘60s is green and looks out of date.

Historic picture

[DIS]CONTINUITY43

AfterBefore

[DIS]CONTINUITY 44

By creating a large pedestrain area between Cityhouse andPost Office, we make a gesture for opening our buildingtoward Coolsingle. Both physical and visible connection tothe new facade from the main boulevard.The wide space with benches and trees, can become a newsquare, not just a pathway towards the building.

Stadhuisstraat: Pathway and Square toward the Building

Historic picture

[DIS]CONTINUITY45

AfterBefore

[DIS]CONTINUITY 46

High Density Area : Transition from the commercial area

Low Density Area :Slow pedestrain connection fromnorth to south (Haagseveer)

Stadhuisstraat : Pathway and square from Coolsingeltowards the building.

Pedestrain Area Overview

[DIS]CONTINUITY47

Value assesment of the monument

In the spirit of our urban scenario, it is also important to define the historic value of the ‘Stadstimmerhuis’.In an exceptional area in Rotterdam, with historic buildings, a new building can cause unintended contrasts. The ‘Stadstimmerhuis’ can act as anintermediar, generating a link between different periods of time and providing a clue of the former historic value.By determining the historic relevance, and attuning it with the pro-posals of our urban scenario, we can later on take it into account for our design.

Negative aspects- elevated groundfloor on Haagseveer causes difficulties for renovation- rather shallow interior of the linear part- Exterior staircases are nice, but on raamplein it causes irregularity- uncertain condition of the inner courtyard side. (packed and saved?)

Positive aspects- Linear character on both Haagseveer and Meent- Shops on street level of Meent give liveliness to the surroundings- cultural-historical value

Good characteristics- The architectural appaerance is sober but also subtle, nice combination of brickwork and concrete- Ornamentic elements on both facades- repetitive, monotonous character, mainly on Meent- Haagseveer is also repetitive, but has characteristic elements (of the ‘wings’)

[DIS]CONTINUITY 48

Historical relevance of the area

Burgdoffer marked the area as 1 (closed) block, while it remained open and fallow

Need for continuity on Haagseveer + compact inner city-> close off the street on Raamplein?

We think that we will not worsen the attractiveness of the area by building on the RaampleinBy organising a pedestrian zone in the Stadhuisstraat, the amount of valuable public space is multiplied by 1,3!

[DIS]CONTINUITY49

Circulation and sightlines on our site

But need for connections from the city house to the Haagseveer and canal.This can be accomplished by openness on ground level on location of Raamplein.

Pedestrian connectionsSight linesHistorical

[DIS]CONTINUITY 50

BUILDING INTERVENTIONS

The masterplan can also be seen as a sum of different interventions. On the one hand, they continue the principle of the preceding interventions. On the other hand, they search for historic continuation and identification on a wider base.

The direct presence of the historical buildings, surrounding our site, ask for a larger attention to this subject.

[DIS]CONTINUITY51

[DIS]CONTINUITY 52

Density

Our site is - in contrast with the rest of Rotterdam - surround-ed by historical buildings, likethe city house, post office and the monument on our site. They dominate the generalappearance and create a receptive ground to graft on. This act of grafting is not only a physical one, every function can benefit form the monumental presence. Still this demandsa careful working method.

Rotterdam is characterised by open and wide public spaces,linear directions. We like to implement more exiting urbanspace, more dense and with more possibilities for surprises.

Grafting

[DIS]CONTINUITY53

Landmark

The building offers an Urban Guidance for the movement through the city. In the shape of a horizontal skyscraper, it invites people from further distance to approach the site.

By connecting both sides with a guiding passage, we create the possibility to open up those sides of the building block towards the outside. The passage ends at two small squares, focussedon the adjacent functions.

Passage squares

[DIS]CONTINUITY 54

Raamplein

The Raamplein adjacent to our site is not valuable to keep. We will improve the attractiveness of the area by building on the Raamplein and organizing a pedestrian zone in the Stadhuisstraat. Still, the amount of valuable public space is multiplied by 1.3.

The connection from the city house to the Haagseveer and canal is accomplished by a connection on ground level.

[DIS]CONTINUITY55

City fabric

nDDiiffffeerences in directionof circulation

Obsooonnn oouuurrr sssiteo

CCiirrccuullaatiioonn ooff gguiiddiingccoonnnneeccttiioonn ppooiints

While the whole city-centre of Rotterdam seems to be build up out of long linear connections (visual and physical), with a lot of overview and without obstructions or suprises, our site seems to be the exception.

Because of the 3 periodes of construction of the sur-rounding buildings, few of the existing circulation is taken into account.

Instead of demolishing parts of obstructing build-ings, an guiding circulation of connection points is

[DIS]CONTINUITY 56

Programmatic connection & Composition

Program Specific # Details/description # sq.m.

Offices

Stadswinkel XL

Offices Stadsw.

External Offices

CommercialShops

Bar

main hallforuminformation + help deskstoiletsworking spaces

meeting roomscanteen + kitchentoiletscopier roomarchivebicycle storagestudiostoiletsmeeting rooms

11201

50020111114215

731

existing buildingnew buildingcoffee corner

10 sq.m. for each (+circulation)up to 20 persons each

for each floor (20sq.m. each)for each floor (12sq.m. each)on groundfloor (underneath Stadsw.)on groundfloor (underneath Stadsw.)flexible area of 100 sq.m.for each floor (20sq.m. each)one on each floor

Exclusive shop (80 sq.m. each)Exclusive shop (100 sq.m. each)

16530

1010

1200500300100

710090055010050

100050039080

250

580300150

[DIS]CONTINUITY57

Hotel

Hard Rock Hotel

Culture

Pop Stage

Parking

Total built area

8350

3375

4625

33890

150170010001000250010050

100300

50025030025070030040060075

1200500

2875

1450

foyer 1hotel room type A 55 existing building (on all 5 floors)hotel room type B 30 Roedzand (West, 4 floors)hotel room type C 30 inside tower (5 floors)hotel room type D 50 Highest floor (luxury)office support (working space) 5meeting room 1kitchen 1storage hotel+restaurant 2Hard Rock restaurant 1 Hotel+public

foyer 1circulation 1backstage area 1rehearsal area 1performance area 1office support 10 (working spaces+meeting room)bar (next to roof terrace) 1music store 1 Together with Popstagetoilets 15

for municipal office 50for neighborhood 20for hotel 115

[DIS]CONTINUITY 58

Programmatic connection & Composition

Linking of program on scale of city centre

The site is ideally located in the transition area in the Rotterdam City Center, surrounded by residential, commercial and office space. Our urban scenario strategies can cluster the public realm in this area and generate the connection between all the zones to make thesite to be the hybrid hub for all facilities in Rotterdam.

Different Courtyard = Different Character

Each main courtyard in the masterplan also host 3 different program together with the connection and composition to benefit each other.

[DIS]CONTINUITY59

office

hotelshops

Linking of program on building scale

Juxtaposition of different functions will create possibilities for peo-ple to meet and for new experiences to happen. The hybrid program in the building is connected to the surrounding context and the city.

Linking of program on human scale (Daily life coverage)

Office, commercial functions, hotel and pop stage can generate together an active and attractive public space covering every whole day. The linking of the program offers the possibility for the whole program to benefit from this 24 hours public life.

[DIS]CONTINUITY 60

The embracement of different functions in our hybrid programs is the key to achieve our goals in this masterplan. The morphology of a ‘scrum’ in rugby is the way that the threeentities can form 1 unity. In the end it allows possibilities for multiple interfaces, whithin the same building, and between different functions.

Hybrid composition

[DIS]CONTINUITY61

Three different building parts are connected to each other in the overlapping part, the part that we call ‘The Glue’. Public Realm will provide the glue is actually the public realm inside that connects three separated identities and generates new cross hybridity. The glue is the part that three designers can design from this masterplan, next to their individual design.

1 + 1 > 2(1 + 1 + 1 > 3)

What to design?

One specific part or function + ‘The Glue’ (surrounding public space + definition of interfaces)

Public Realm providing the Glue

Seperate entities

The Glue1+1>2(The whole is more thanthe pieces on its own)

[DIS]CONTINUITY 62

First step : MassDefine maximim masson site + Raamplein.

Second step : Circulation AxisDetermine circulation throughbuilding, from Stadhuisstraatto Haagseveer, by means ofattractors.

Third step : Opening UpAt the end of the axis,the building opens up,offering an inviting gestureand places to stay.

Sequence of Intervention

[DIS]CONTINUITY63

Fourth step : Transparant plintThe plint becomes a continouscommercial strip together withentrances of the differentfunctions

Fifth step : VoidsThe addition of voids to gainnatural light, and to offeropportunities for multipleinterfaces.

Sixth step : Horizontal skyscraperLowering of building masswhere needed, creation of anextra volume for urban guidanceand a view on the city.

[DIS]CONTINUITY 64

Masterplan Result

[DIS]CONTINUITY65

[DIS]CONTINUITY 66

The result is a hybrid composition of four different functions. Simultaneously, it createsthe possibility of an interesting collaboration between three independent designers.Following a prearranged set of rules, every single function can be executed individually,while the inherent quality of the composition is preserved.

Masterplan Result

[DIS]CONTINUITY67

[DIS]CONTINUITY241

Contact data

. Teera Dhanamun Email: dteera@hotmail.com Adres: 51/74 Toongsonghong Laksi, Bangkok Thailand 10210

. Jue Qiu Email: jueqiu06@gmail.com Adres: 2e Middellandstraat 25A 3021 BL Rotterdam The Netherlands

. Philip Mannaerts Email: pjvmannaerts@gmail.com Adres: Vroujuttenland 14c 2611LC Delft The Netherlands