bone classification description function example

Biology 201: Bone Tissue & Skeletal System

1) Fill out the chart below with the correct bone classification (Word Bank A) and example (Word Bank B).

Word Bank A: Word Bank B:

Flat Sesamoid Patella Femur

Long Short Sternum Vertebrae

Irregular Tarsals

Bone Classification Description Function Example

1) Greater length than width Support the weight of the body

6)

2) Length and width are closer to the same

Provide stability & assist in movement

7)

3) Thin, flat surface Protect internal organs 8)

4) Complex, elaborate structure that does not fit into the other categories

Protect internal organs and provide attachment points for muscles

9)

5) Small bones imbedded into tendons

Assist with weight bearing and pressure application

10)

Source Lesson: Skeletal System: Definitions, Classifications & Functions

2) Study the image below. Fill in the blue boxes with the correct bone classification (from Word Bank A), and

then fill in the gray boxes with the example of the bone (from Word Bank B).

Word Bank A: Word Bank B:

Flat bone Sesamoid bone Vertebrae Sternum

Short bone Long bone Patella Femur

Irregular bone Cuneiforms

Source Lesson: Skeletal System: Definitions, Classifications & Functions

3) Label the structures in the skeletal image below. Some terms may be used more than once.

Upper limb Skull Thoracic cage

Tarsals Tibia Facial portion

Metatarsals Cranial portion Metacarpals

Sternum Scapula Vertebral column

Phalanges Radius Ribs

Clavicle Ulna Pelvic girdle

Fibula Carpals Humerus

Patella Pectoral girdle Femur

Source Lesson: Axial vs. Appendicular Skeleton: Definitions & Components

4) Label the diagram below. Some terms may be used more than once.

Epiphyseal plate Spongy bone

Blood vessels Periosteum

Bone collar Medullary cavity

Articular cartilage Primary ossification center

Secondary ossification center Compact bone

Hyaline cartilage “model”

Source Lesson: Bone Cells: Types & Development

5) Fill in the missing boxes in the table below.

Marking Description Example

1) Where two bones meet Knee joint

2) Prominent rounded surface Head of femur

3) Flat surface Vertebrae

4) Rounded surface Occipital condyles

5) Raised markings Spinous process of the vertebrae

6) Protruding Chin

7) Prominence feature Transverse process of vertebra

8) Sharp process Ischial spine

9) Small, rounded process Tubercle of humerus

10) Rough surface Deltoid tuberosity

11) Slight, elongated ridge Temporal lines of the parietal bones

12) Ridge Iliac crest

13) Holes and depressions Foramen (holes through which blood vessels can

pass through)

14) Elongated basin Mandibular fossa

15) Small pit Fovea capitis on the head of the femur

16) Groove Sigmoid sulcus of the temporal bones

17) Passage in bone Auditory canal

18) Slit through bone Auricular fissure

19) Hole through bone Foramen magnum in the occipital bone

20) Opening into canal External auditory meatus

21) Air-filled space in bone Nasal sinus

Source Lesson: Bones: Types, Markings & Histology

6) Label the structures in the image below. Some terms may be used more than once.

Osteoclast Lamellae

Endosteum Spongy bone

Compact bone Canaliculi

Trabeculae Lacuna

Osteocyte Canaliculi openings on surface

Osteoblasts aligned along trabeculae of new bone



Periosteal vein Compact bone Periosteum

Medullary cavity Outer fibrous layer Interstitial lamellae

Inner osteogenic layer Perforating canal Spongy bone

Central canal Periosteum Concentric lamellae

Lymphatic vessel Circumferential lamellae Lymphatic vessel

Osteon Periosteal artery Nerve

Blood vessels Medullar cavity Trabeculae



Distal epiphysis Diaphysis

Compact bone Nutrient artery

Proximal epiphysis Spongy bone

Epiphyseal line Metaphysis

Medullary cavity Articular cartilage

Red bone marrow Periosteum

Endosteum Yellow bone marrow


9) Label the structures in the image below.

Periosteum

Spongy bone

Compact bone


10) Label the structures of the image below.

Osteoblast Periosteum

Periosteum (fibrous layer) Osteoclast

Osteogenic cell Periosteum (cellular layer)

Bone matrix Osteocyte in lacunae

Osteocyte Endosteum


11) Study the diagram of the long bone below. Label the structures. Some terms may be used more than once.

Medullary cavity Periosteum

Epiphysis Periosteum

Nutrient foramen Spongy bone

Epiphyseal line Diaphysis

Endosteum Articular cartilage

Source Lesson: Compact vs. Spongy Bone: Structures & Compositions

12) Study the image below and label the boxes.

Osteoblast

Osteogenic cells

Osteocyte

Osteoclast

Source Lesson: Bone Formation & Development

13) Study the diagram and then label it using the terms below.

Bone collar Blood vessels

Hyaline cartilage “model” Medullary cavity

Periosteum Compact bone

Secondary ossification center Periosteum

Spongy bone Epiphyseal plate

Primary ossification center Articular cartilage


14) The diagram below illustrates the process of compact bone remodelling. Label the diagram using the terms

provided.

New bone Macrophage

Lining cell Osteoclast

Osteoid Osteocytes

Old bone Osteoblast


15) Label the bone fractures.

Comminuted Oblique

Closed Impacted

Transverse Open

Spiral Greenstick

Source Lesson: Bone Fractures: Types, Steps & Repair

16) Label the image below.

Healed fracture Bony callus of spongy bone

Hematoma External callus

New blood vessels Internal callus

Spongy bone trabecula

Source Lesson: Bone Health: Exercise, Nutrients & Hormones

17) Label the two diagrams below using the following terms. Some terms may be used more than once.

Bones Intestines

Parathyroid gland Vitamin D

Kidneys Hypercalcemia

Hypocalcemia Thyroid gland

Source Lesson: Overview of Calcium Homeostasis

bone classification description function example

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