bodylanguage
TRANSCRIPT
Body LanguageBody Language By- N.G.PalitBy- N.G.Palit
Body LanguageBody Language
Julius Fast was the first author who Julius Fast was the first author who published a book on published a book on ’Body Language’’Body Language’ in 1971.in 1971.
Scientific study on Scientific study on ’how the body ’how the body speaksspeaks’ has been lebelled as ’ has been lebelled as KINESICSKINESICS
How does body speak?How does body speak?
Like any spoken languageLike any spoken language body language has body language has words, sentences, and words, sentences, and punctuation.punctuation.
Each gesture is like aEach gesture is like a single word and one single word and one word may have severalword may have several different meanings.different meanings.
How body speaks?How body speaks? In a normal conversation onlyIn a normal conversation only
7% of the message is 7% of the message is conveyed through words and conveyed through words and about 38% through vocal about 38% through vocal variety like – tone, pitch, variety like – tone, pitch, modulation, pace of voice etc.modulation, pace of voice etc.
The balance 55% is communicated throughThe balance 55% is communicated through body languagebody language, using facial expressions,, using facial expressions, gestures, postures etc.gestures, postures etc.
What is Body Language?What is Body Language?
Body Language is a formBody Language is a form of non-verbal communicationof non-verbal communication which consists of bodywhich consists of body posture, gestures and facialposture, gestures and facial expressions, eye expressions, eye movements.movements. * * Body language shows how Body language shows how our bodies reveal our thoughts, attitudes andour bodies reveal our thoughts, attitudes and desires.desires.
Body LanguageBody Language
””Language shapes the Language shapes the way we think, and way we think, and determines what we can determines what we can think about—.think about—.””
Body Language comes inBody Language comes in clusters of signals andclusters of signals and postures, depending on thepostures, depending on the internal emotions and mental states.internal emotions and mental states.
Body LanguageBody Language Body Language is the firstBody Language is the first
language which we uselanguage which we use from our childhood.from our childhood.
Some symbols we use toSome symbols we use to send messages withoutsend messages without speaking a single word.speaking a single word.
Body LanguageBody Language
Body acts as a real Body acts as a real ’’truth talker’truth talker’
It speaks much louder It speaks much louder than the wordsthan the words..
What is your body speaking?What is your body speaking?
Why Body Language is Why Body Language is important?important?
Non-Verbal CommunicationNon-Verbal Communication
Non-verbal communication
Ways of talking
Sounds Posture
Headmovements
Space
Body contact
Appearance
Hands movements
Eye movements
Facial expression
How does body speak?How does body speak? In normal conversation,In normal conversation,
less than less than 15%15% of the of the meaning is actuallymeaning is actually transmitted transmitted by wordby words.s.
So, So, atleast atleast 85%85% of it of it is conveyed throughis conveyed through bodybody or through or through ((non-verbal channel)non-verbal channel)
Components of Body LanguageComponents of Body Language
GesturesGestures StanceStance Facial expressionsFacial expressions
What is a Gesture?What is a Gesture?
A A ’gesture’gesture’’ is using your is using your arms or hands to arms or hands to convey some meaning convey some meaning to another person.to another person.
The Ring or ’Ok’ GestureThe Ring or ’Ok’ Gesture
The The ’OK’ signal ’OK’ signal means:means: * ”* ”FineFine” or ” or ” All correct” ” All correct” in most English-speaking countries.in most English-speaking countries. * * ”Zero” ”Zero” or ”or ”worthlessworthless” in ” in some parts of Europe.some parts of Europe.• ””Money” Money” in Japanin Japan• ” ”An insult An insult in Greece, Brazil, Italy, Russiain Greece, Brazil, Italy, Russia
O.K.GestureO.K.Gesture
The ’Thumb –Up’ GestureThe ’Thumb –Up’ Gesture
In Britain, Australia andIn Britain, Australia and New Zealand the thumb-upNew Zealand the thumb-up gesture has three meanings.gesture has three meanings. 11. ”. ”O.K”, ”Fine”, or ”good job”O.K”, ”Fine”, or ”good job” 2. ”Five” 2. ”Five” in Japan.in Japan. 33.. ”One ”One” in Germany” in Germany 4. An insulting signal in some 4. An insulting signal in some countries like, -Russia, Greece, Australia. countries like, -Russia, Greece, Australia.
It is an OK signal normally, but, when it is jerked sharply upwards it becomes an insult
signal
Pointing FingerPointing Finger
This hand gesture is anThis hand gesture is an indication of a dominantindication of a dominant to –subordinate to –subordinate behaviourbehaviour
An ’aggressive signal’,An ’aggressive signal’, not liked by many.not liked by many.
Standard Arm Cross GestureStandard Arm Cross Gesture The Standard Arm CrossThe Standard Arm Cross Gesture:Gesture:
This is a universal gestureThis is a universal gesture showing defensive or showing defensive or negative attitude almostnegative attitude almost everywhere.everywhere.
Standard Arms CrossStandard Arms Cross
Defensive Or
negative attitude
GesturesGestures All gestures should be All gestures should be
considered in the context considered in the context in which they occur. in which they occur. Where ever possible, Where ever possible, gesture clusters should gesture clusters should be considered.be considered. Open GestureOpen Gesture Shows franknesShows franknesss
Shoulder shrugShoulder shrug Shows that a personShows that a person
does not know, ordoes not know, or understand what you understand what you are talking about.are talking about.
I am Running Out of TimeI am Running Out of Time
Common Gesture ClustersCommon Gesture Clusters The following gestures The following gestures
indicate openness andindicate openness and sinceriety:sinceriety:
Open handsOpen hands Unbottoned coat or collarUnbottoned coat or collar Leaning slightly forward inLeaning slightly forward in
the chair.the chair. Uncrossing arms & legsUncrossing arms & legs Moving closerMoving closer
Palm positionsPalm positions Dominant palm Dominant palm
positionposition
Submissive palmSubmissive palm positionposition
What is Stance?What is Stance?
’’StanceStance’ is how we’ is how we stand in front of our stand in front of our audience, when weaudience, when we speak.speak.
Examples of StanceExamples of Stance
The Arm Cross:The Arm Cross:
Standard ’Leg-cross’ PositionStandard ’Leg-cross’ Position
Shows nervous, Shows nervous, reserved or defensivereserved or defensive attitude.attitude.
The 4 ’Leg-lock’ PositionThe 4 ’Leg-lock’ Position
Sign of ’tough-minded’,Sign of ’tough-minded’, stubborn personstubborn person
How to use our Stance How to use our Stance effectively?effectively?
PosturePosture Posture can conveyPosture can convey
self-confidence, status andself-confidence, status and interest.interest.
Confident people have aConfident people have a relaxed posture, yet standrelaxed posture, yet stand erect and walk with erect and walk with assurance.assurance.
Walking with stooped shoulders projects Walking with stooped shoulders projects lack of confidence.lack of confidence.
PosturePosture
Relax your shouldersRelax your shoulders
Space & Distance - ProximixSpace & Distance - Proximix
Understanding each person’sUnderstanding each person’s borders is an important partborders is an important part of communication.of communication.
Edwin T Hall’s Zones of SpaceEdwin T Hall’s Zones of Space
Space & DistanceSpace & Distance
Every person has a natural territory thatEvery person has a natural territory that he / she carries around with him / her.he / she carries around with him / her.
So, one should be careful about how So, one should be careful about how one enters the space of another.one enters the space of another.
Territory also includes the arrangementTerritory also includes the arrangement of our office or homeof our office or home
Space & DistanceSpace & Distance
Intimate DistanceIntimate Distance actual touching toactual touching to 6 – 18 inches6 – 18 inches
Space & DistanSpace & Distancece
Personal DistancePersonal Distance:: 18 inches to 4 feet .18 inches to 4 feet . This includes the This includes the
””hidden dimension”hidden dimension” of your of your ”personal ”personal bubble”.bubble”.
Space & DistanceSpace & Distance
Social DistanceSocial Distance:: 4 to 12 feet4 to 12 feet
Conversation DistanceConversation Distance
Space & DistanceSpace & Distance
Public DistancePublic Distance:: 12 to 25 fee12 to 25 feett
TerritoryTerritory
IntimateIntimate– Touching Touching – 6-18”6-18”PersonalPersonal– Close -1½ to 2½ Close -1½ to 2½
feetfeet– Far - 2½ to 4 ½ Far - 2½ to 4 ½
feetfeet
Social Social – Close 4-7 feetClose 4-7 feet– Far - 7-12 feetFar - 7-12 feetPublic Public – Close - 12-25 feetClose - 12-25 feet– Far - 25 feet or Far - 25 feet or
greater greater
Body language differs from Body language differs from culture to cultureculture to culture
Different CulturesDifferent Cultures
A crowded A crowded cultureculture
What is your What is your private space?private space?
Don’t stand too closeDon’t stand too close Remember, everybodyRemember, everybody
gets worried by a closegets worried by a close talker.talker.
Let people have theirLet people have their personal space, don’tpersonal space, don’t invade it.invade it.
When people invade personal spaceWhen people invade personal space
Reaction to an invasionReaction to an invasion of personal space:of personal space:
Feel troubledFeel troubled Get defensiveGet defensive Become aggressivBecome aggressivee RetaliateRetaliate
How to use space to your How to use space to your advantage?advantage?
Don’t be afraid to takeDon’t be afraid to take up some space.up some space.
Taking up space for Taking up space for example, sitting or example, sitting or standing with your legsstanding with your legs apart a bit, apart a bit, signalssignals self-confidenceself-confidence
Let us examine How BodyLet us examine How BodyCommunicates from head to toes Communicates from head to toes
HeadHead Nodding the headNodding the head
* ”Yes” in most societies* ”Yes” in most societies * ”No” in some parts of Greece, Bulgaria,* ”No” in some parts of Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey & Yugoslavia.Turkey & Yugoslavia.
Tossing the head backTossing the head backwardward * ”* ”Yes”in Thailand, India, Laos, PhilippinsYes”in Thailand, India, Laos, Philippins
Rocking the head slowly, back & forth:Rocking the head slowly, back & forth: * ”Yes, I am listening”* ”Yes, I am listening”
Nodding HeadNodding Head
Nod when others areNod when others are talking.talking.
Nod once in a whileNod once in a while to signal that you areto signal that you are listening.listening.
FaceFace
FaceFace Your face is watched Your face is watched
whenever you speak.whenever you speak. Face communicates Face communicates
your attitude, feelings your attitude, feelings and emotions, more and emotions, more than any other part ofthan any other part of your body.your body.
FaceFace Face and eyes convey the most expressiveFace and eyes convey the most expressive
types of body language,types of body language, including happiness,including happiness, surprise, fear, anger,surprise, fear, anger, interest and determinalioninterest and determinalion
It is truely said that It is truely said that ”face”face is the index of mind”.is the index of mind”. This picture shows - This picture shows - ”Disgust””Disgust”
Facial Expression Facial Expression ’Content’’Content’
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
Delighted,Delighted, pleased pleased or glador glad
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
FrustratedFrustrated
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
SuspeciousSuspecious
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
FearFear The feeling of The feeling of
being afraid.being afraid. Emotion showingEmotion showing
impending danger,impending danger, threat or evilthreat or evil
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
FrownFrown To contract brow - showing To contract brow - showing
unhappiness or anger.unhappiness or anger.
Facial ExperienceFacial Experience
Biting the lips:Biting the lips: It is a It is a nervous habitnervous habit A sign of A sign of
’’inexperienced liar’inexperienced liar’
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
SMILES:SMILES: It shows happinessIt shows happiness
& welcome communication& welcome communication
Smile & LaughSmile & Laugh
Mouth GuardMouth Guard Suppress theSuppress the
deceitful words.deceitful words.The mouth guardThe mouth guard
is one of the fewis one of the few adult gesturesadult gestures copied from copied from children.children.
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
Telling a lieTelling a lie If a five year old chilIf a five year old childd
tells a lie to the parents,tells a lie to the parents, the mouth will be the mouth will be deliberately covered deliberately covered with one or both hands,with one or both hands, immediately afterwards.immediately afterwards.
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
Telling a lie:Telling a lie: When a teenager tells aWhen a teenager tells a
lie, the hand is brought tolie, the hand is brought to the mouth, but instead ofthe mouth, but instead of hand slapping gesture hand slapping gesture over the mouth, the over the mouth, the fingures rub lightly around the mouth.fingures rub lightly around the mouth.
Facial ExpressionFacial Expression
Telling a lie:Telling a lie:When an adult tellsWhen an adult tells
a lie, - a lie, - ’a nose touch’’a nose touch’ gesture results.gesture results.
Telling a lieTelling a lie Look at the cluster ofLook at the cluster of
gestures to indicategestures to indicate’deceipt’’deceipt’..Such as finger guardingSuch as finger guarding
(covering) the mouth.(covering) the mouth.
Another formAnother form of of ’mouthguard’’mouthguard’
Hands (gesticulation)Hands (gesticulation) ’’Gesticulation’ Gesticulation’ means tomeans to
show something by hands.show something by hands.Hand movement gives aHand movement gives a
lot of information.lot of information. But, gesticulation shouldBut, gesticulation should
be coherent with thebe coherent with the words.words.
Use of hands while talkingUse of hands while talking Use your hands moreUse your hands more
confidentconfidentlyly Use your hands to Use your hands to
describe something or todescribe something or to add weight to a point youadd weight to a point you are trying to make.are trying to make.
HandsHands A fist supporting the headA fist supporting the head
is a sign of is a sign of ’ ’Boredom’Boredom’
HandsHands Repeated gesturesRepeated gestures
such as such as ’Thumbs twidling’Thumbs twidling’’ indicate indicate ’boredom’.’boredom’.
HandsHands Hair twirling is Hair twirling is
another sign of another sign of ’’Boredom’Boredom’
HandsHands The listener is feelingThe listener is feeling
’ ’Negative’.Negative’. Hand under chin withHand under chin with
index finger pointingindex finger pointing upwards & thumbupwards & thumb supporting the chin.supporting the chin.
HandsHands Rubbing the eye can mean Rubbing the eye can mean
that you are that you are ’lying’lying’ or feel’ or feel that the other person is that the other person is lyinglying..
HandsHands Touching the nose is Touching the nose is
a signal lying. a signal lying. It may occur once orIt may occur once or
several times duringseveral times during a conversation.a conversation.
HandsHands Rubbing your ear Rubbing your ear may meanmay mean
that you have enough of that you have enough of someone’s lies.someone’s lies. ScratchingScratching neckneck means means that you arethat you are not sure that younot sure that you agree.agree.
Pulling collars (Hands)Pulling collars (Hands) The Collar Pull GestureThe Collar Pull Gesture When a person is feeling When a person is feeling
angry or frustrated, he needsangry or frustrated, he needs to pull the collar to allow coolto pull the collar to allow cool air to circulate around it.air to circulate around it.
When you see some oneWhen you see some one doing this you can ask himdoing this you can ask him to clarify his point. to clarify his point.
HandsHands Putting pen in Putting pen in youryour
mouth mouth shows that youshows that you may be under pressuremay be under pressure..
Crossing the armsCrossing the arms
Some times indicates Some times indicates ”Thinking Hard””Thinking Hard”
””Pain in the neck” gesturePain in the neck” gesture
A person who uses A person who uses this when lying, this when lying, usually avoids yourusually avoids your gaze and looks down.gaze and looks down.
This gesture is alsoThis gesture is also used as a signal ofused as a signal of frustration or anger.frustration or anger.
Folding ArmsFolding Arms It is interpreted asIt is interpreted as
’ ’I am taking a defensiveI am taking a defensive posture’,posture’, or or
’’I disagree with what II disagree with what I am hearing’. am hearing’.
HandshakeHandshake Handshaking is a formHandshaking is a form
of greeting in mostof greeting in most western cultures.western cultures.
A firm handshakeA firm handshake will give the impressionwill give the impression of assertiveness orof assertiveness or honesty.honesty.
HandshakeHandshakeEqualEqual
HandshakeHandshake
Giving ControlGiving ControlSubmissive HandshakeSubmissive Handshake
Taking ControlTaking ControlDominant HandshakeDominant Handshake
Glove HandshakeGlove Handshake It is also called aIt is also called a
’ ’Politician’s Handshake’Politician’s Handshake’ He wants to give theHe wants to give the
impression that he isimpression that he is trustworthy & honest.trustworthy & honest.
But, the receiver feelsBut, the receiver feels suspicious.suspicious.
HandshakesHandshakes Double HanderDouble Hander
It may produceIt may produce discomfort in discomfort in unfamiliar recipientunfamiliar recipient
HandshakesHandshakes
Handshakes that invade personal Handshakes that invade personal space of the recipient.space of the recipient.
HandshakesHandshakes
Handshakes that produce discomfortHandshakes that produce discomfort in recipient.in recipient.
GreetingsGreetings
Rubbing HandsRubbing Hands Positive ExpectationPositive Expectation
The ’Shrug’The ’Shrug’ The The ’Shrug’ ’Shrug’ may be a may be a
conscious effort toconscious effort to ’’deceive’.deceive’.
Powerful & intimidatingPowerful & intimidating
Don’t approach me !Don’t approach me !
Ready to fightReady to fight
TroublesTroubles Conflict withConflict with
peerspeers
BoredomBoredom
Steepling HandsSteepling Hands Lowered SteepleLowered Steeple This position is normallyThis position is normally
used by steepler whileused by steepler while listening rather thanlistening rather than speaking.speaking.
Steepling HandSteepling Hand Raised SteepleRaised Steeple This position is normallyThis position is normally
taken when the person istaken when the person is giving his opinions orgiving his opinions or ideas and is doing theideas and is doing the talking. talking.
Managers often use thisManagers often use this gesture while gesture while instructing their subordinatesinstructing their subordinates..
Clenched HandsClenched Hands High clenched handsHigh clenched hands
indicate people whoindicate people who are difficult to decipherare difficult to decipher..
Gripping HandsGripping HandsConfidence
Frustration
Closed Attitude & Open AttitudeClosed Attitude & Open Attitude
Dominant or aggressiveDominant or aggressive
Dominant or aggressive
Partial Arm-cross Barrier Partial Arm-cross Barrier GestureGesture
Lacking in Lacking in Self-confidenceSelf-confidence
EvaluationEvaluation
Genuine InterestGenuine Interest
Real interest is Real interest is shown when the shown when the hand is on the cheek hand is on the cheek but, not used as a but, not used as a head support. head support.
Chin-stroking GestureChin-stroking Gesture
Shows genuine interestShows genuine interest
Thumb DisplaysThumb Displays Dominant MaleDominant Male
Arms folded with thumbsArms folded with thumbs pointing upward displayspointing upward displays superior attitude.superior attitude. Dominant FemaleDominant Female
Dominant or aggressiveDominant or aggressive women also use thiswomen also use this gesture.gesture.
””Arm gripping” GestureArm gripping” Gesture
It shows that the userIt shows that the user is is ”cool” ”cool” and wants toand wants to make his superioritymake his superiority felt.felt.
ReadynessReadyness
Readyness in the Readyness in the right context is correct,right context is correct, but, the but, the basic meaningbasic meaning is is ’aggression’.’aggression’.
Use of Eye ContactUse of Eye Contact
Eye signalsEye signals Eyes can give the mostEyes can give the most
revealing & accurate signalsrevealing & accurate signals because they are the focalbecause they are the focal points of the body.points of the body.
The pupils will dilate orThe pupils will dilate or contract as the person’s attitude & mood contract as the person’s attitude & mood changes from positive to negative & vice changes from positive to negative & vice versa.versa.
Eye signalsEye signals There is an old saying –There is an old saying –
””Look a person in his eyesLook a person in his eyes when you talk to him”.when you talk to him”.
Because, pupils tell youBecause, pupils tell you their real feelings.their real feelings.
EyeEye
To make people feel To make people feel good and show your good and show your interest, maintain interest, maintain good eye contact.good eye contact.
Look at the person’s Look at the person’s whole face above the tipwhole face above the tip of their nose.of their nose.
EyeEye People avoid eye contactPeople avoid eye contact
when an uncomfortablewhen an uncomfortable question is asked.question is asked.
Raising one eye brow Raising one eye brow shows disbelief and two shows disbelief and two shows surpriseshows surprise
Eye ContactEye Contact Have eye-contactHave eye-contact
but, don’t starebut, don’t stare While talking toWhile talking to
people, give them people, give them all some eye-contactall some eye-contact to create a betterto create a better connection and see if connection and see if they are listeningthey are listening
Beady little eyesBeady little eyes When someone gets When someone gets
excited, his pupils canexcited, his pupils can dilate upto four timesdilate upto four times their normal size.their normal size.
Pupil watching was used by the Pupil watching was used by the ancient Chinese gem traders, whoancient Chinese gem traders, who watched for the pupil dilation of theirwatched for the pupil dilation of their buyers when negotiating prices.buyers when negotiating prices.
Beady little eyesBeady little eyes
An angry, negative An angry, negative mood causes the mood causes the pupils to contract topupils to contract to ’ ’beady little eyes’beady little eyes’ or ’snake eyesor ’snake eyes’’
Gaze BehaviourGaze Behaviour It is only when you seeIt is only when you see
’’eye-to-eyeeye-to-eye’ ’ with anotherwith another person that an effectiveperson that an effective communication can becommunication can be established.established.
Business GazeBusiness Gaze During any businessDuring any business
discussion imagine thatdiscussion imagine that there is a triangle on thethere is a triangle on the other person’s forehead.other person’s forehead.
If you keep your gaze If you keep your gaze directed at that area, youdirected at that area, you can create serious atmosphere andcan create serious atmosphere and the other person senses that you the other person senses that you mean business.mean business.
EyeEye
Shocked &Shocked & Surprised.Surprised.
An An ’Aura of power’Aura of power’’The man leaning backThe man leaning back
in his chair with his feetin his chair with his feet on the desk is showing on the desk is showing that he owns the territorythat he owns the territory around him.around him.
Don’t cross your arms or legsDon’t cross your arms or legs
They make you seemThey make you seem defensive or guarded.defensive or guarded.
Keep your arms andKeep your arms and legs open.legs open.
Don’t slouch, sit up straightDon’t slouch, sit up straight
Don’t slouch, sit up Don’t slouch, sit up – – straightstraight. . But in a relaxed way,But in a relaxed way, way, not in too tenseway, not in too tense mannermanner
Don’t touch your faceDon’t touch your face
It might make youIt might make you seem nervous andseem nervous and can be distractingcan be distracting to listeners, duringto listeners, during conversation.conversation.
Keep your head upKeep your head up
Don’t keep your eyesDon’t keep your eyes on the ground.on the ground.
It might make youIt might make you seem insecure andseem insecure and a bit lost.a bit lost.
While walkingWhile walkingSlow down a bit –Slow down a bit –Walking slower makesWalking slower makes
you seem more calmyou seem more calm and confident.and confident.
Keep a good attitudeKeep a good attitude Keep a positive, openKeep a positive, open
and relaxed attitude.and relaxed attitude. How you feel, comes How you feel, comes
out clearly through yourout clearly through your body language.body language.
Territorial GestureTerritorial Gesture
Indicates pride ofIndicates pride of owenership.owenership.
Owenership GestureOwenership Gesture
Reflects easy-goingReflects easy-going,, relaxed and relaxed and carefree attitudecarefree attitude
Can you decode their body Can you decode their body language?language?
What are people saying?What are people saying?
Can you decode their body Can you decode their body language?language?
ConclusionConclusion The knowledge of body langauage helpsThe knowledge of body langauage helps
us to understand & control our own body us to understand & control our own body language better & helps us improve ourlanguage better & helps us improve our communication skills.communication skills.
Words are used primarily to conveyWords are used primarily to convey information, while body langauge is usedinformation, while body langauge is used for negotiating interpersonal attitudes &for negotiating interpersonal attitudes &
as a sustitute for verbal messageas a sustitute for verbal message..
ConclusionConclusion
By using positive body language we canBy using positive body language we can successfully ace any interview, win successfully ace any interview, win friends in the society, improve friends in the society, improve interpersonal relationships and maintaininterpersonal relationships and maintain cordial relationship in family.cordial relationship in family.
ConclusionConclusion
We should also closely observe other’sWe should also closely observe other’s body language when they are speaking,body language when they are speaking, to correctly interpret their messages.to correctly interpret their messages.
Any QuestionAny Question
Thank youThank you By – N.G.Palit By – N.G.Palit
The EndThe End
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