body orientation and direction dependent on anatomical position –superior/inferior...
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Body Orientation and Direction
• Dependent on Anatomical Position– superior/inferior– Anterior/posterior– Medial/lateral
• Not Dependent on Anatomical Position– cephalad (cranial)/caudal– dorsal/ventral– proximal/distal– superfical (external)/deep (internal)
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Figure 4.9 Planes of symmetry and terms used to describe position or direction in the human body.
Frontalplane
Transverseplane
Midsagittalplane
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Figure 4.9 Planes of symmetry and terms used to describe position or direction in the human body.
Superior(closer to the head or upper part of a structure)
Proximal(nearer to the trunk)
Posterior(at or near the back)
Distal(farther away from the trunk)
Frontalplane
Transverseplane
Midsagittalplane
Inferior(farther from the head or toward the lower part of a structure)
Anterior(at or near the front)
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Figure 4.8 The main body cavities.
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Serous membranes (serosa)
Peritoneum
abdominal cavity and organs within
Pleura
lungs
Pericardium
heart
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (1 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (2 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (3 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (4 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (5 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (6 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (7 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (8 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (9 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (10 of 11)
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The 11 organ systems of the human body. (11 of 11)