Body Image= How you see your body

and the way you feel about it.

•The average The average American woman is American woman is 5'4" tall and weighs 5'4" tall and weighs 140 pounds 140 pounds

•The average The average American model is American model is 5'11" tall and weighs 5'11" tall and weighs 117 pounds 117 pounds

•Half of 9 and 10-year-Half of 9 and 10-year-old girls feel better old girls feel better about themselves if about themselves if they are on a diet they are on a diet

•42% of 1st-3rd grade 42% of 1st-3rd grade girls want to be thinner girls want to be thinner

•81% of 10 year olds are 81% of 10 year olds are afraid of being fat afraid of being fat

•5-10 million adolescent 5-10 million adolescent girls and women and 1 girls and women and 1 million boys struggle with million boys struggle with eating disorders and eating disorders and borderline conditions borderline conditions – 3% of girls and young 3% of girls and young females suffer from females suffer from anorexia anorexia

– 4% of girls and young 4% of girls and young females suffer from bulimia females suffer from bulimia

•Eating disorders can Eating disorders can last between 1 and 15 last between 1 and 15 years, but usually years, but usually don't result in deathdon't result in death

•About 1000 women About 1000 women die each year from an die each year from an eating disorder eating disorder

What is anorexia?What is anorexia?

A serious disorder in A serious disorder in which a person which a person

starves themselves.starves themselves.

Judy Skinner is a Judy Skinner is a recovered anorexic.recovered anorexic.

• Judy Sargent Judy Sargent

20 years old

Judy gave these reasons for becoming anorexic:

1. Loss of twin brother2. Low self-esteem 3. Perfectionist4. Parent's divorce 5. Parents obsession with weight 6. Father said she was "fat" and needed

to lose weight. 7. Kids at school used to tease her and

call her “chipmunk cheeks."

Judy Skinner is a Judy Skinner is a recovered anorexic.recovered anorexic.

• Judy Sargent Judy Sargent

20 years old36 years old

WHY WOULD A PERSONWHY WOULD A PERSONDEVELOP ANOREXIA?DEVELOP ANOREXIA?

#1 Media/Social pressures#1 Media/Social pressures

What was beautiful?What was beautiful?

Marilyn Monroe vs. Calista Marilyn Monroe vs. Calista FlockhartFlockhart

Marilyn Monroe vs. Marilyn Monroe vs. Cortney/JenniferCortney/Jennifer

What is beautiful today?What is beautiful today?

#2 Anxiety and/or Stress#2 Anxiety and/or Stress

#3 Low self-esteem and #3 Low self-esteem and unhappinessunhappiness

#4 Controlling family #4 Controlling family membersmembers

#5 Family emphasis on #5 Family emphasis on physical appearancephysical appearance

#6 Mother had an eating #6 Mother had an eating disorderdisorder

#7 Perfectionism#7 Perfectionism

Warning Signs of Warning Signs of AnorexiaAnorexia::• Intense fear of gaining weightIntense fear of gaining weight

• Skips meals by making up excusesSkips meals by making up excuses

• Will not eat in front of othersWill not eat in front of others

• Wears baggy clothingWears baggy clothing

• Degrades his/her body frequentlyDegrades his/her body frequently

• Denial of hungerDenial of hunger

• Excessive exercisingExcessive exercising

Warning Signs of Warning Signs of AnorexiaAnorexia::

• Hair growth Hair growth – More on body and faceMore on body and face– Loss on headLoss on head

• Absent or irregular menstrual periodsAbsent or irregular menstrual periods• PerfectionistPerfectionist• Depressed/Lonely/Anxious/Empty/Depressed/Lonely/Anxious/Empty/

HopelessHopeless• Moody/IrritableMoody/Irritable• Strange selections of foodStrange selections of food• Reads food labels constantlyReads food labels constantly

Health EffectsHealth Effects• Fatigue and lack of energy Fatigue and lack of energy • Amenorrhea (loss of menstruation) Amenorrhea (loss of menstruation) • Skin problems Skin problems • Dizziness and headaches Dizziness and headaches • Dehydration Dehydration • Shortness of breath Shortness of breath • Irregular heartbeats Irregular heartbeats • Cold hands and feet Cold hands and feet • Bloating Bloating • Constipation and stomachache Constipation and stomachache

Health EffectsHealth Effects•Hair loss & Hair loss &

Lanugo (fine Lanugo (fine downy hair) downy hair)

•Edema (water Edema (water retention) retention)

•Decreased Decreased metabolic metabolic rate rate

•Infertility Infertility

•Delayed Delayed development development in puberty in puberty

•DepressionDepression

•OsteoporosisOsteoporosis

Health EffectsHealth Effects•Insomnia Insomnia •Electrolyte imbalances Electrolyte imbalances •Kidney and liver damage Kidney and liver damage •Anemia Cathartic colon Anemia Cathartic colon •Low potassium (most Low potassium (most

common cause of nocturnal common cause of nocturnal cardiac arrest) cardiac arrest)

•Cardiac arrest and death Cardiac arrest and death

What is bulimia?What is bulimia?

Frequent episodes of Frequent episodes of binge eating followed binge eating followed by one of the by one of the following: following:

-VomitingVomiting

- Using laxativesUsing laxatives

-FastingFasting

-Over exercisingOver exercising

Most people with bulimia Most people with bulimia are at a normal weight are at a normal weight

or are slightly or are slightly overweight.overweight.

WHY WOULD A PERSON WHY WOULD A PERSON BINGE?BINGE?

#1 To fill a void #1 To fill a void insideinside

Binge EatingBinge Eating

#2 To hide negative #2 To hide negative emotionsemotions

#3 To cope with daily stresses and #3 To cope with daily stresses and problemsproblems

Why would a person Why would a person purge?purge?

Because of guilt and Because of guilt and

depression of having depression of having binged.binged.

Warning Signs of BulimiaWarning Signs of Bulimia::• Worried about body weightWorried about body weight

• Excessive food consumptionExcessive food consumption

• Frequent trips to the bathroom after eatingFrequent trips to the bathroom after eating

• Blood shot eyesBlood shot eyes

• Sore throatSore throat

• Exercises excessivelyExercises excessively

• Irregular menstrual periodsIrregular menstrual periods

• Dental problems (tooth enamel wears Dental problems (tooth enamel wears away)away)

• Depression and/or mood swingsDepression and/or mood swings

StatisticsStatistics• It typically develops in early to mid-It typically develops in early to mid-

adolescents. adolescents. • Relatively uncommon in men only Relatively uncommon in men only

about 10% of individuals diagnosed about 10% of individuals diagnosed with bulimia are men. with bulimia are men.

• Bulimia Nervosa affects 1-3% of middle Bulimia Nervosa affects 1-3% of middle and high school girls and 1-10% of and high school girls and 1-10% of college age women. college age women.

• 10% of individuals suffering from 10% of individuals suffering from bulimia will die from starvation, cardiac bulimia will die from starvation, cardiac arrest, other medical complications, or arrest, other medical complications, or suicide. suicide.

Health EffectsHealth Effects• Abrasions on back of hands and Abrasions on back of hands and

knuckles knuckles • Endocrine DisruptionEndocrine Disruption

– Amenorrhea (loss of menstruation) and Amenorrhea (loss of menstruation) and irregular menstruation irregular menstruation

– Hair loss Hair loss • Fatigue and lack of energy Fatigue and lack of energy

– Low blood pressure Low blood pressure – Headaches Headaches – Dizziness Dizziness – DepressionDepression

Health EffectsHealth Effects• Digestive Digestive

– Stomach pain and bloating Stomach pain and bloating – Constipation and diarrhea Constipation and diarrhea – Electrolyte imbalances Electrolyte imbalances – Erosion of teeth enamel Erosion of teeth enamel – Tears of esophagus Tears of esophagus – Chronic sore throat Chronic sore throat – Development of peptic ulcers and pancreatitis Development of peptic ulcers and pancreatitis

(inflammation of the pancreas) (inflammation of the pancreas) – Dehydration Dehydration – Cathartic colon (caused from laxative abuse) Cathartic colon (caused from laxative abuse) – Edema (swelling of hands and feet) Edema (swelling of hands and feet)

– Gastric dilation and rupture Gastric dilation and rupture

Health EffectsHealth Effects•CardiovascularCardiovascular

– Anemia Anemia – Shortness of breath Shortness of breath – Irregular heartbeats Irregular heartbeats – Kidney and liver damage Kidney and liver damage – Chest pains Chest pains – Cardiac arrest and deathCardiac arrest and death

If you drank one 12oz.can of soda daily and did not increase your physical activity, what would happen?

Average 12oz soda= 160 calories160 calories X 365 days= 58,400 calories per year

3,500 calories = 1 pound58,400 calories divide by 3,500 calories=

16.69 pounds of weight gain

What would happen if you drank one 44oz Big Gulp daily?

One 44 oz Big Gulp = 513 caloriesAnswer: 53.5 pounds

How much does your drink really How much does your drink really weighweigh??

How many Food Pyramid daily servings do How many Food Pyramid daily servings do YOUYOU really really

need?need? Most women Active women Active menChildren (2-6) Most men Teen Boys

Older children Teen girls

Total Calories 1,600 2,200 2,800___

Food groups

Milk/dairy 2 2 2

Protein 2 2 3

Vegetables 3 4 5

Fruit 2 3 4

Grains 6 9 11

Fats 2 2 3

Five key Five key nutrition nutrition messages:messages:

• More fruits and More fruits and vegetables.vegetables.

• More whole More whole grains, fewer grains, fewer

processed foods processed foods overall.overall.

• More water, fewer More water, fewer “caloric” drinks.“caloric” drinks.

• Replace bad fats Replace bad fats with “good” fats.with “good” fats.

• Be aware of Be aware of

portion sizes.portion sizes.

20-40 minutes3-4 times per

weekaerobic fitness

45-60 minutes,3-4 times a weekfor weight loss

30 minuteseveryday for health

Physical Activity Physical Activity PyramidPyramid

Children up to 18 years should have a minimum of 60 minutes daily of physical

activity

     

   

Surgeon General’s Surgeon General’s Physical Activity Physical Activity RecommendationRecommendation

• 30 minutes of 30 minutes of activityactivity

• 4-5 times a 4-5 times a week.week.

• Can be broken Can be broken up.up.

• Reduced riskReduced risk for for Cardio Vascular Cardio Vascular Disease, Disease, diabetes, diabetes, osteoporosis, osteoporosis, obesity, obesity, improves mood, improves mood, some forms of some forms of cancer.cancer.

Health EffectsHealth Effects• Obesity Obesity

• Menstrual irregularities Menstrual irregularities

• Diabetes Diabetes

• High blood pressure High blood pressure

• High cholesterol High cholesterol

• Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis

• Decreased mobility Decreased mobility

Health EffectsHealth Effects• Shortness of breath Shortness of breath

• Heart disease Heart disease

• Liver and kidney problems Liver and kidney problems

• Cardiac arrest and/or death Cardiac arrest and/or death

• Gallbladder disease Gallbladder disease

• Certain types of cancer Certain types of cancer

4,0004,000

Approximate number of annual pedestrian deaths

in America.

40,00040,000

Approximate total annual deaths in motor vehicle

crashes.

400,000400,000

Approximate annual deaths due to sedentary living and poor nutrition.

40,000,000,00040,000,000,000

$40,000,000,000 $40,000,000,000

Approximate direct annual medical expenditures due to obesity, borne by taxpayers.(Obesity Research, Finkelstein et.al., Jan, ’04)

It’s not just an obesity epidemic.

It’s an epidemic of physical inactivity and

poor nutrition.