Ms. Barone - Health

Lesson #1

Healthy Mind, Healthy Body

Lesson #1- Objectives

• Explain why body image is important.

• Compare healthy body image with unhealthy body image.

• Identify four factors that influence body image.

• Explain how people in your life can be both positive and negative influences on your body image.

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How do you perceive your physical appearance?

How do you feel about your body?

How do you think you fit in to the cultural ideal of a “perfect body”?

How do you think others see you?

What Is Body Image?

Body Image is formed out of every experience we have ever had…

It is formed by our parents, our peers, role models, and the media…

It is formed by the positive and negative feedback we get from the people whose opinions matter to us…

It is formed by how we think we “fit in” to the cultural image of a “perfect body”.

Positive Body Image

A person has a real perception of their size and shape, and feels comfortable and proud of their body.

Negative Body Image

A person has a distorted perception of their shape and size, compares their body to others, and feels shame, awkwardness and anxiety about their body.

It affects how a person thinks and feels about themselves, and can lead to: low self-esteem emotional distress Depression Anxiety Dieting Disordered eating. *Physical appearance becomes equated to a

sense of self-worth.

How do we change?

Stages of Human Life Span Childhood/Adolescence (0-22)

Early Adulthood (17-45) Middle Adulthood (40-65) Late Adulthood (65 +)

When does puberty begin?

Females: About 9 yrs. old – 14 yrs. old

Males: About 10 yrs. old – 17 yrs. old

Physical Changes that Occur During Puberty - MALES

Physical Changes that Occur During Puberty - FEMALES

Grow taller Weight gain Hips Widen Increase in percent body fat Ovulation/Menstruation Acne Perspiration Pubic Hair Breast Development

Puberty – How do we change? Is growth more than just

getting taller?

Yes, we grow not only physically but also psychologically and socially

Emotional Changes

Start to care more about what others think

Want to be accepted and liked Often begin to separate from parents

and identify more with friends May become self conscious or

anxious about these growth

Social Changes

Risk taking behavior Mood swings Drug experimentation Sexual activity Rebelliousness Wasting time School problems

Your Family and Body Image• Your family may make comments

about your appearance. Most likely, your family will give you positive support.

• Remember that your family can be very supportive when you are feeling uncomfortable about your body.

• But sometimes their comments can hurt your feelings, and use “I – statements” to let them know how you are feeling.

People at School

People at your school also affect your body image.

These people include: Your friends Peers Teachers Coaches

*What might they say that could affect your body image?

Media Influences

Media also plays a large role in the establishment of an individual’s body image. Examples of Media:

Commercials Magazines Billboards Reality TV Sitcoms Radio Celebrity Idolization

In our society, we are constantly reminded of what the ideal body for males and females would look like.

IDEAL BODY ACTIVITY

MALES FEMALES

Create a list of your ideal female.

Create a list of your ideal male.

Consider characteristics such as:•Personality Traits•Physical Traits•Clothing Style

Consider characteristics such as:•Personality Traits•Physical Traits•Clothing Style

Next, create a list of traits society’s ideal malesociety’s ideal male would possess.

Next, create a list of traits society’s ideal femalesociety’s ideal female would possess.

Consider characteristics such as:•Physical Appearance•Clothing Style•Body Types

Consider characteristics such as:•Physical Appearance•Clothing Style•Body Types

Celebrities and Body ImageMany people see celebrities and want to look just like them…Things they have to look that way:

- AIRBRUSHING - Stylists

- Make-Up Artists - Designer Clothes

- Spanx /Shapewear - Personal Trainers

- Personal Chefs - MILLIONS $$$$$$

Lesson #2

BODY TYPES

Objectives- Lesson #2

• Describe two factors that affect the size and shape of your body.

• Describe how being realistic can help you build a healthy body image.

• Explain how eating well and staying active can affect your body image.

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What can you do to build a healthy body image?

What is normal, anyway?

• You may find yourself asking this question a lot. But there is no such thing as “normal” or “perfect”

• How you look has a lot to do with how your parents look and your ethnicity.

There is no such thing as normal!

• Healthy teens come in many shapes and sizes.

Google images

Be Realistic

• Every person has a different healthy weight range.

• Your healthy weight range depends on:

• how tall you are

• the size of your body frame

Female Body Types

• Learn to accept your body.

• To accept your body, you need to be realistic about your size and weight.

All photos from Google images

Male Body Types

Mesomorph - Tends to build muscle easily

Ectomorph - Tends to be long, lanky and thin

Endomorph - Tends to store fat easily

** We are all a combination of these three **

Eat Well, Feel Well

• Eating well helps you feel good

• Eating healthy foods will give you the energy to stay active.

• A healthy diet will also help you keep a healthy weight.

Get Exercising

To build a healthy body image is to be physically active.

Regular physical activity helps you feel comfortable with your body.

Being active for at least 60 minutes every day also helps you maintain a healthy weight.

Lesson #3

Eating Disorders

Objectives- Lesson #3

• Explain how unhealthy eating behaviors may affect a person’s health.

• Describe a fad diet.

• Identify four types of eating disorders, their signs/symptoms , and health risks.

• Summarize two strategies for giving and getting help for an eating disorder.

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Why should you be suspicious of fad diets?

Types of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors

People may: skip meals eat only certain foods eat large amounts of food at one time use diet pills follow unhealthy diets. ALL = HARMFUL

Fad Diets

• A fad diet is an eating plan that promises quick weight loss with very little effort.

• Fad diets usually require you to buy special products from the company selling the diet.

• diet pills

• special drinks

• powdered shakes

• specially prepared food

• Many fad diets require you to eat in unhealthy ways.

Popular Fad DietsAcai Berry Diet Acai (pronounced ah-sigh-ee) is the berry of

an Amazonian palm tree with a long history of traditional usage in Brazil.

Atkins a maximum of 20 grams of carbohydrate intake (no starchy vegetables, fruits, grains, bread).

Cabbage Soup Diet 1 bowl of homemade cabbage soup w/fruit or veg(per day). No bread, carbonated beverages, or alcohol.

HCG Diet(Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone)

The core of the HCG diet consists of extreme Calorie restriction of around 500 Calories a day mainly from lean protein and a daily injection of 125mg of the HCG hormone.

Negative Calorie Diet •Some green vegetables may actually have some of their calories burnt up just to digest them. This is the “negative calorie” process. Asparagus •Broccoli , Cabbage , Cauliflower , Celery , Zucchini•Proponents of the Negative Calorie Diet suggest that eating a stick of celery (5 calories) will burn up 95 calories.

Low Fat Diet Low Fat – 20-30% of calories come from fatsVery Low Fat – 0-19% of calories come from fats.

Popular Fad Diets Low Carb Diet All food is made up of three primary macro nutrients

– carbohydrates (or sugars), proteins, and fats. Low carb implies that the percentage of carbohydrate (by calorie) is low – but lower than what?

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3 Day Diet The 3 Day Diet is simply a low calorie diet . There is nothing magical – no mystical chemical reaction that goes on. Weight loss is due to a sudden drop in calories – some of this may

be fat – but most will be from water loss.

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Zone Diet The Zone Diet follows a formula of 40% carbs, 30% protein, and 30% fats (sometimes called 40:30:30). This must be followed at

every meal. Considered by some to be the perfect diet.

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South Beach Diet Most carbohydrates (such as rice, pasta, and breads) must be avoided. Meats, shellfish, chicken, turkey, and fish are all on the

menu – along with nuts, cheese (fat-free), eggs, salads, and vegetables.

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Tapeworm Diet It is undeniable that people will resort to extreme measures in a desperate attempt to shed those extra pounds. But ingesting tapeworms in order to lose weight is not only a radical method but

also an extremely dangerous one.

What is an Eating Disorder?• An eating disorder is a disease in which

a person has an unhealthy concern with his or her body weight and shape.

• Some types of eating disorders include:

anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

binge eating disorder

Some Causes of Eating Disorders

• depression

• feelings of lack of control in one’s life

• history of physical or sexual abuse

• troubled family and personal relationships

• low self-esteem

• unhealthy body image

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESQlryualZ4

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa - a disorder in which the extreme, irrational fear of becoming obese results in severe weight loss from self-induced starvation. Most prevalent in 10 – 13 year old

girls 10% die from the disorder 1% males with disorder even report it

Anorexia – Causes

Need to appear perfect to others…but feel loss of control over life.

Can not live up to others expectations, so they gain control by controlling hunger and food.

Feel no matter what they do, it is not good enough.

Won’t ask for help…having needs makes them feel “weak”, so they gain strength by controlling food.

Anorexia – Signs/Symptoms Obsession with food Excessive statements regarding weight Obsessive exercising Wearing inappropriate clothing(big,baggy, layers) Feel cold, even in summer Growth of fine, downy body hair (Lanugo – present

at birth) Malnutrition and vitamin/mineral deficiencies(such

as dry flakey skin, problems with teeth and gums, hair loss, etc.)

Loss of menstrual periods (3 months in a row or longer)

What is Anorexia Nervosa?

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that includes: self-starvation unhealthy body image extreme weight loss.

People who develop anorexia nervosa also suffer from low self-esteem.

Anorexia

Doesn’t just effect females

All photos from Google images

Anorexic Celebrities

All photos from Google images

Anorexia – Health Risks

Chemical changes in brain make the problem worse

Bone Loss Organ Damage Infertility Lowered Metabolism Lowered Growth in Adolescence

What is Bulimia Nervosa?

Bulimia Nervosa - compulsive eating disorder in which vast quantities of food are consumed in a short period of time(BINGE) and then food is purposely removed(PURGE) – usually vomiting or diarrhea Binges are usually done in private. This

is usually caused by boredom, sadness, loneliness, or a stressful event. Many people are Bulimic for YEARS!

Bulimia - Causes

Very similar to Anorexia….it’s about CONTROL!!!!!!

They use food to feel in control of their lives.

Bulimia – Signs/Symptoms

Perfectionism/Overachievers (inability to fail)

Excessive eating at times, then disappearing after meals

Use of laxatives/Diuretics Hiding/Hoarding Food Severe Mood Swings (chemical imbalance) Tooth Decay – breath smells of vomit Loss of/Irregular menstrual periods (3 mos.

+)

Bulimia – Health Risks

DEATH!!! Dehydration and loss or vast quantities

of electrolytes causing organ damage, seizures, and heart attacks!!

Ruptured esophagus, ulcers in mouth and stomach

Problems with intestines/Addiction to laxatives

Dental Enamel Erosion Muscle Fatigue

Bulimia Nervosa

The esophagus also takes a beating, with erosion of lining and build-up of scar tissue that can possibly turn into cancerous cells later on.Google images

Google images

Bulimia Nervosa

TOO MUCH, TOO FAST – ED SYmptoms

What is Binge Eating Disorder?

Binge eating disorder is a disorder that involves frequent binge eating and no purging.

Often undiagnosed About ¼-1/3 of people who go to

weight-loss clinics may have binge eating disorder

Binge Eating Disorder - Signs/Symptoms

Above-normal body weight Bingeing episodes accompanied by

feelings of: GUILT SHAME LOSS OF CONTROL

*TREATMENT: Psychological/Nutritional Counseling

Binge Eating

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIGMIBkFqVA

Disordered Eating Patterns Disordered Eating Patterns –

behaviors that are not severe enough to be classified as a specific eating disorder. They are often referred to as “disordered

eating behaviors”. Many teens are believed to have

disordered eating behaviors that could lead to serious health problems.

Disordered Eating Patterns – Signs/Symptoms

Weight-loss (less than anorexia) Skipping Breakfast/Lunch

Bingeing and purging less frequently than in bulimia

Purging after eating small amounts of food Deliberate dehydration for weight loss Hiding Food Over-exercising Constant dissatisfaction with physical

appearance

Just an FYI Extreme Eating Disorders

TLC - My Strange Addiction – Plastic Snacks

http://tlc.discovery.com/videos/mystrange-addiction-plastic-snacks.html

TLC – Mt Strange Addictionhttp://tlc.discovery.com/videos/my-strange-

addiction-eating-her-deceased-husband.html

Giving/ Getting Help

Turn to a Trusted Adult! Call a HELPLINE! Intervention Rehab/Recovery Programs (Both counseling and medical help are

necessary interventions for eating disorders.) Eating Disorder Association of WNY ECMC Brylin