bodin sources index –methodus release – dec. 2004 · bodin sources index –methodus 2 release...

Bodin Sources Index –Methodus 1 Release – Dec. 2004 Slip Author/Source Cited Work Page Notes

48 "Academicians" M 18 "ut sapienter Academici rerum anilium nullas ideas posuerunt" - did not assume any generalized concept of old women's affairs

561 "Ancients, the" M 106 black bile called "morbus Punicus" by the ancients

622 "Chaldaeus interpres" M 117 on Psalm 89, verse 13 - reads "southern quarter" for "right hand"

924 "Chaldaeus interpres" ad Hieremiam M 172 "ad Hieremiam Chaldaeus interpres, id nota dignum putavit" - on powers of Jewish magistrates

1294 "Chaldaeus interpres" in Hieremiam M 280 in Jeremiah, on the powers of the senate of 71, B. gives the Hebrew word, which the Chaldean interpreter translates into the corrupt Greek word Sanedrim

588 "Chaldeans" M 111 say Saturn controls "contemplatio," Jove "actio," Mars "affectio"

751 "Chaldeans" M 136 attributed fiery triplicity to Europe, watery to Africa

78 "Hebrew authors, the" M 22 writers on the earliest civilizations 589 "Hebrews" M 111 Hebrews "naturae optimi interpretes" call Saturn

'quiet,' Jove 'just' and Mars 'strong' [3 Hebrew words]

598 "Hebrews"

M 113 Hebrews and Academicians call contemplation "mors praetiosa"

632 "Hebrews"

M 118 Hebrews' speculation on why Abraham wandered toward the south

744 "Hebrews"

M 135 the Hebrews believe that the world sometime will burn

1296 "Hebrews" in Pandectis Hebraeorum, titulo Sanedrim. cap.I. II. III.

M 281 on judicial and other powers of the senate, etc. among the Jews

923 "Hebrews, jurisconsults of the" in libris Talmudicis titulo Sanedrim cap. IIII.

M 171 172

on powers of Jewish magistrates

5 "Hebrews, Pandects of the"

M 3 B. plans to draw "ex Hebraeorum Pandectis, potissimum ex libris Sanedrim"

107 "Hebrews, the"

M 38 would have it that each man initiates charity in himself

1183 "Hebrews, the" M 235 call the number seven sacred 1614 "inquit ille" ("says the poet") M 336 "India mittit ebur, molles sua thura Sabaei, At

Chalybes nudi ferrum….Continuo has leges aeternaque foedera, certis imposuit natura locis." [E identifies as Virgil, Georgics I. 57, 60-61]

1038 "Pandects, the" M 194 the speeches of Marcus, Hadrian and Severus which we have in the Pandects

747 "Peripatetics, the ancient" M 135 the land 10 times less than the water 1452 "Poet, the" M 318 fertility of Egypt; "tellus sine nube ferax"

[identified in E - Claudius Carmina minora xxviii. 5]

922 "Rabbis, the" M 171 Judaea reduced to form of a province forty years before second overthrow of the temple, as the Rabbis write

1349 "Titan did not fashion…" M 299 "neque illis de meliore luto finxit praecordia Titan" [E identifies as Juvenal, Satire XIV. 34]

1209 "ut ait ille" M 251 "as the poet says" "quicquid enim deliquunt


reges plectuntur Achivi" [E identifies this as Horace, Epistles I. ii. 14]

502 *** M 97 the Spanish women, as I hear, call the Germans "soft fish" ("pisces molles")

1790 ***"English, the" M 358 Bretons understood only by the Welsh among all the inhabitants of Britain, "ut ab Anglis accepi."

22 ***???

M 5 "is qui in scholis in Biturigum [Bourges] tanta cum gloria florebat, id est, strabo inter caecos" yet was tongue-tied when he came into court and was rebuked by Riant [F suggests Duarenus here but notes that Bayle suggests Cujas]

755 ***Africa M 136 "our men who have sailed to Africa" - on heavy rain beyond the equator, whence come the Nile floods

1695 ***Auger, Christopher M 345 "collega meus, & historiarum & Juris peritissimus" - points out strength of Gallic cavalry reported by Plutarch

1778 ***Bariot, Philibert (F - Barjot) (L - Barjotus) M 354 a judge of Macon, told Bodin of the etymology of the name Macon

1181 ***Boyer, Jacques (Jac. Bojus) M 235 president of the parlement of Brittany; told Bodin about the song of the nightingale - sings for 7 days and 9 changes of song

1777 ***Chandieu, Jerome (Hieronymus Chando) M 353 (F - Chaudon) secretary to the king, told Bodin of the etymology of the town of Albia (or Olbia) in Gaul

6 ***Cinqarbres, Jean (Quinquarboreus) M 3 professor of Hebrew, promises B. help 24 ***Ferrier, Arnaud du (L - I. Ferrerius)

(E - John Ferrier) M 6 ambassador to Venice, said he did not know the

law until, by long daily practice, he had acquired "literas forenses et senatorias"

515 ***Holster M 100 "Holster hoc amplius mihi retulit…" in Gothland there is such suspicion of strangers that they have spies in the inns

438 ***Holster, Gaspar M 89 Swede, scholar, linguist and soldier - gave B. information on the physical characteristics of the Swedes

1233 ***Huraut, John (Joanes Huraldus) (Jean Huralde - F) M 262 councillor of the privy council; Huraut and Louis Martin gave B. information on the Turkish system of land tenure

439 ***Languet, Hubert (Linguetus) M 89 gave B. information on physical characteristics of various peoples

390 ***Languet, Hubert (Linguetus) M 79 told B. that he learned from the inhabitants of the change of the Nervii (or Livones) into wolves

896 ***Le Voisin, Charles (Carolus Vicinus) M 168 showed Bodin a copy of the treaty between King Charles V of France and Henry of Castile

1234 ***Martin, Louis M 262 and John Huraut gave B. information on the Turkish system of land tenure

7 ***Mercier, Jean M 3 professor of Hebrew, promises B. help 1179 ***Paré, Ambrose (Ambrosius Paratus) M 235 the royal surgeon; told Bodin the abdomen is

1/7th the whole man 882 ***Paris, court case M 164 "ut in curia Parisiorum judicatum memini" - on

citizenship 389 ***Peucer, Gaspar M 79 told B. that he learned from the inhabitants of the

change of the Nervii (or Livones) into wolves


760 ***Purquer M 137 "accepi a Purquero Germano, cum Tolosae ageret…" - on the heat in summer near Danzig

23 ***Riant (Riandus) M 6 rebukes an advocate from Bourges who could not express himself in court [E identifies as Denis Riant (d. 1557), F as René Riant (d. 1577)]

881 ***Rutland, Earl of M 164 as I learned from the Earl of Rutland himself - that the English alone were not allowed to change their citizenship

1267 ***Suriano, Michael (Surianus, Soriano) M 273 Venetian ambassador at Paris with whom B. discusses the constitution of France, Venice, etc.

1310 **Beauvais, library of M 284 there exists in the library of Beauvais an ancient order for the consecration and electing of the king, by which Henry I is said to have been elected

897 **Charles V, King of France, treaty with Castile M 168 the treaty between King Charles of France and Henry of Castile - "quae foedera, cum tota antiquitate Gallorum ex archetypis aerarii descripta, mihi exhibuit Carolus Vicinus meus collega"

1222 **Charles VIII, King of France, law of: ad III. Cal. Sept. 1492

M 256- 257

(1 Sept. - E; 3 Sept. - F) "hanc legem ex archetypis descriptam habeo," on the powers of the overseers of accounts, even over the king's gifts

1215 **Francis I of Valois, law of M 254 a law requiring goods of the condemned or their value to be placed in the public treasury

1132 **Mothe, Charles de la (Carolus Mota) M 222 documents on the extent of the estates of the Roman Church - "quae mihi spectanda exhibuit ex archetypis Vaticani descripta, Carolus Mota collega meus antiquitatis studiosissimus"

1130 **Paris, Parlement of (archives of) M 222 decree of 1272 (L - MCCLXXVII) "quod in curiae monimentis legi" - bishop of Châlons forbidden to free slaves

1125 *[legal ref.] M 221 "sunt etiam de servis & ancillis fugitivis constitutiones Gulielmi regis Siciliae ac Neapoleos"

1126 *[legal ref.] M 221 laws on slaves of Emperor Frederick II in "placitis regni Neapolitani"

861 *[legal ref.] in titulo de censibus M 161 on rights of citizens [E - Digest 50. 15] 1216 *[legal ref.] l. illicitus. §. veritas. de officio praesidis M 254 the jurisconsults say the prince can judge acc. to

his conscience [E - Digest I. 18. 6] 908 *[legal ref.] l. imperium. de jurisdictione M 170 on "potestas" and "imperium"

[E - Digest 2. 1. 3] 1059 *[legal ref.] l. pupillus. de verb. signific. M 200 on size of the senate [E - Digest 50. 16. 239] 1069 *[legal ref.] l. si quis in princip. de legat. 3.

l. a Titio. de verb. obligat. M 202

203 on immunities [E identifies these as Digest 32. 3. 22 and 45. 1. 108]

47 ??? M 13 no one has ever found fault with the study of history "nisi fortasse is qui cum omnibus virtutibus ac disciplinis bellum indixisset, historiam mendacii coarguit"

185 ??? M 51 "The man (I omit his name) who related the wars of Henry waged with Emperor Charles V"...spoiled his history by excessive praises of


Henry and attacks on Charles 432 ??? M 87 B. says: I can hardly believe that men are black

as a result of the curse of Chus (son of Ham), "quod quidem vir doctus tradit"

463 ??? M 91 "nuper quidam in postremis adversariis frumenta rava apud Festum interpretatus est arida"- a voice becomes "raucus" i.e. "ravus" when dry; B. does not agree; Mesnard translates "in postremis adversariis" as "dans une édition de Festus" [E - as "in the last debates"]

477 ??? M 93 Trajan's bridge over the Danube had 20 pylons, of which fragments even yet remain; had B. met someone who had seen it?

523 ??? M 101 the recent cruelty exhibited by Muleassis [E - Muley-Hasan] and his sons

563 ??? M 107 the illness of the Arabians called by some alphus and by others leuce and vitiligo

567 ??? M 107 "nostri homines" say America abounds with leprosy or the "morbus Neapolitanus"

692 ??? M 125 an old verse: §ργα νXων, βοLλαÂ δ¥ μXσων, εÛχαÂ δ¥ γερ`ντων − deeds of young men, plans of grown men and prayers of old men

705 ??? M 128 "as tradition reports" Tamerlane's army sucked the blood of horses and fed on their flesh

720 ??? M 130 on east and west - "alius" (a certain man) said: "Respice ad orientem, & intuere laetitiam a Deo tibi venientem."

723 ??? M 132 "Omitto quam multa magi de natura daemonum utriusque regionis disputant."

748 ??? M 135 we learn from voyagers and general experience that the waters press from the north southward

1374 ??? M 307 on the creation; "Maurus quidam sapiens" said, "Deus coelestes orbes de luce vestimenti sui condidisse."

cr 5 “Hebrews.” See also Hebrews (as book of the Bible) 1521 Abraham, Rabbi cap. VII. Danielis M 325 [E - chapter 8 of Daniel] world created in

autumn 1810 Acciajuoli (Acciaeolus - L) (Acheul - F) M 380 Turpin, Eginhard and Acciajuoli, on the life of

Charles the Great Fl. 1490 116 Acciajuoli, Donato M 45 his excessive praise of Charlemagne out of place

in an historian 935 Accursius M 173 wrote that justice resides with the prince, but

exercise of justice rests with others 647 Acts Actor. VII M 119 right hand best 1811 Acusilaus M 370 Greek historian, not extant, quoted by Plutarch 1507 Acusilaus ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 699k Adamites, the M 127 among many who influenced German religious

thinking 1812 Ado of Vienne (AdonisVienensis - L) (Adonis de

Vienne - F) de sex mundi aetatibus M 366 writer of universal history; to 900 A. D.

Fl. 980 367 Ado, bishop of Vienne M 77 B. says his books full of prodigies 3 Aebutia Rogatio M 2 a stage in the development and increased

complexity of the Roman law


558 Aelian M 106 and Varro say the male hare bears young 777 Aelian M 141 and Aeschylus use Ïμβρ\κια and Ïμβρ\καλα =

whelps of beasts 1813 Aelian M 368 "geographistorian" 1708 Aelian in libro de varia historia M 346 on the bravery of the Celts 141 Aemilius M 47 used all available sources in compiling his

histories 281 Aemilius M 57 B. says he is not so full of information as the ill-

arranged histories of de Fleury, Monstrelet, Froissart and Chartier

410 Aemilius M 83 B. says he is probably the most trustworthy writer on French history

1309 Aemilius M 284 and Julius Pflug on relationship of counts and kings in the early French monarchy

126 Aemilius, Paul M 45-46 for a balanced judgment on King Louis XI, in contrast to Comines and Lemaire who were violently pro and anti Louis XI

88 Aemilius, Paul M 27 author of a detailed history of France 1814 Aemilius, Paul, of Verona historia Francorum M 373 from Waramund to Charles VIII Fl. 1530 1815 Aemund (Egmont - F) M 373 on the dukes of Burgundy, Flanders, Brabant and

Holland, from the Trojan War to Emperor Charles V Fl. 1520

898 Aeschines M 169 and Demosthenes disagree on the status of a τειχοποι`H - A. says a magistrate, D. not

155 Aeschylus M 48 on the song of the dying swan 586 Aeschylus M 110 almost all historians and poets - from A.

onwards - praise the integrity of the Scythians and attack the cunning of the southerners

778 Aeschylus M 141 and Aelian use Ïμβρ\κια and Ïμβρ\καλα = whelps of beasts

1643b Aeschylus M 338 "Audax, inquit ille, Japeti genus" 1273 Aesop M 276 the frogs and king log 1816 Agatharchides M 369 fragments of Ctesias, Agatharchides and

Mennon on the kings of Persia and Assyria 500 Agathias M 97 on the Germans, who fight in winter but not

summer 1764 Agathias M 352 Franks came from Franconia across the Rhine 202 Agathias of Smyrna M 53 said unadorned history (i.e. without moral

judgment) seemed like the idle chatter of old women

1817 Agathias of Smyrna de bellis Gothorum libri V M 376 writer on the wars of the Goths Fl. 550 736 Agricola M 133 "artis metallicae magister," � page on

distribution of metals 590 Agricola, Georgius (George Bauer) M 112 very good on the metallic arts; much superior to

Pliny and Aristotle 729 Agrippa M 132 and Cicero praise Caesar for his conquest of

peoples whom previously Rome could barely keep back

375 Aimoin [de Fleury] M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 277 Aimoin de Fleury, (Haemo) (Annonius) M 57 ill-arranged but a mine of information 1551 Albertus Magnus M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 34 304 Alciati M 61 praiser of Jovius yet has to admit he makes


soldiers talk like rhetoricians 342 Alciati M 70 in letter to Jovius calls Tacitus' work a thicket of

thorns (senticeta); B. does not agree 343 Alciati M 70 removed from list of jurisconsults by Decius

because he was a Ciceronian 775 Alciati M 141 stupidly reads "parcos" in Plautus and Catullus

where they call the Umbrians "porcos"; wrongly thinks ÏμβρικH διαιτVH in Plutarch, Book II, chapter 10, Symposiaca pertains to Umbrian men

933 Alciati M 173 All others, except Alciati and Du Moulin, decided Azo's opinion on sovereignty was more correct than Lothair's

944 Alciati M 176 this was the meaning of Ulpian's phrase "magistratum deponere" - id quod Alciatum conturbavit.

518 Alciatus M 100 "A. caudam scorpionis in Germanos jactari scribit." (i.e. Germans treacherous)

1219 Alexander l. principalib. de rebus credit. M 256 thought offices granted with the clause "quoad nobis videbitur" were valid in perpetuity; this he also based on the laws: l. Jurisperitos. de excusat. tut. & l. sufficit. de rebus creditis.

1439 Alexander [Aphrodisias] M 316 and Aristotle thought God would not let anything perish which he cared for

498 Alexander Aphrodisaeus in quaestionibus M 96 Africans have dry, cold bodies and can bear work and heat well

1127a Alexander III, Pope M 221 decrees of Popes Alexander III, Urban III and Innocent III about the marriage of serfs

1420 Alexander of Aphrodisias M 312 world everlasting, because moved by God 909 Alexander, Emperor M 170 apud Lampridium: "Non patiar mercatores

potestatum." - on "potestas" and "imperium" 1176 Alfonsus M 235 called the origin of an empire its 'era' 1818 Aloysius, Petrus M 378 navigator; history of America 1572ii Alphonso M 330 8549 years since creation 1610 Althamer M 334 said Germans were indigenous 1647 Althamer M 339 on the etymology of 'Germanus' and 'Alemanus' 1704 Althamer M 346 used 'Celt' for all the peoples of Germany and

Gaul 1819 Althamer (Altamerus - L) (Altamira - F) M 374 commentaries on the Germania of Tacitus 546 Althamer (Altomerus) M 105 A., Poggio and Munster on mixed bathing in

Germany 1620 Althamer, Andreas M 336 historical bias of 238 Alvarez M 54 qualified to speak on peoples and regions 283 Alvarez M 57 full of information, though ill-arranged 430 Alvarez M 87 says water freezes on the equator even in June

and there is heavy rainfall 566 Alvarez M 107 lepers common in Abyssinia 604 Alvarez M 114 quantities of monks and religious buildings in

Abyssinia, etc. - whole page of description 707 Alvarez M 128 Abyssinians consider spitting in the temple a

great crime 754 Alvarez M 136 on heavy rainfall beyond the equator, whence

come the Nile floods


759 Alvarez M 137 an Abyssinian overcome by the heat of Portugal1098 Alvarez M 211 on the chief justice, "magna justitia" of the

Abyssinians 1311 Alvarez M 285 on the royal family of Abyssinia 1809 Alvarez M 364 on the genealogy of the kings of Abyssinia 382 Alvarez, Francis M 79 wrote on the Ethiopians; B. calls him a

"geographistorian" 1820 Alvarez, Francis descriptio Æthiopiae M 378 in Spanish, Italian and French Fl. 1496 142 Alvarez, Francisco M 47 used all available sources in compiling his

histories 405 Ambrose M 81 is said to have translated into Latin the Jewish

war of Hegesippus 1383 Ambrose, [St.] M 308 separated time from eternity 183 Ammianus M 51 reliable on the customs of the Franks because a

foreigner 218 Ammianus M 54 qualified to pass judgment on military matters 666 Ammianus M 121 "corporis munus a milite, ab imperatore

animi poscitur"- service of body vs. of the mind 722 Ammianus M 130 at sack of Seleucia a temple sanctuary was

opened and widespread plague and pestilence developed

1763 Ammianus M 352 Franks came from Franconia across the Rhine 138 Ammianus Marcellinus M 46-47 used all available sources in compiling his

histories; used official documents for antiquities of the Gauls

406 Ammianus Marcellinus M 82-83 B's assessment of his value as an historian 1996 Ammianus Marcellinus M 372 historian of the Romans; 18 out of 31 books

extant, from Nerva to Valens Fl. A.D. 360 1995 Ammianus Marcellinus M 380 the deeds of Constantius, Julian, Jovian,

Valentinian and Valens; for history of individuals Fl. 360

1682 Ammianus Marcellinus lib. XV. M 344 says Gauls sprang from the Trojans 1112 Ammianus Marcellinus lib. XXIX M 215 "imperium = cura alienae salutis" 1599 Ammianus Marcellinus lib. XXVI M 332

333 death of Emperor Jovinian, accession of Valentinian; "dies bissextilis"

444 Amyot (L - Amiotus, F - Amiot) M 90 in his translation of Plutarch's Marius, B. does not agree with his translation of ÏμμVτων χαροπ`τητα

699c Anabaptists M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

1251 Anacharsis M 269 said that at Athens wise men express their opinions, but the stupid judge

1424 Anaxagoras M 313 Proclus argues against his ideas on infinity and the world

652 Andrea, John [Giovanni d'Andrea] (Joan. Andr.) M 119 right hand best 1821 Anna, the daughter of Alexius (Anna Comnene - F)

lib. XX. rerum ab Alexio patre Imperatore gestarum M 371 a continuation of Zonaras on Greek history Fl.

1130 64 Antigonus M 21 one of several historians reproached by

Dionysius Halicarnassus for his imperfect record of Roman history

1171 Antimachus Lyrius M 233 Plutarch learned from him the nativity of Rome 1195 Antonine M 245 historian of the Florentines


366 Antonine of Florence M 77-78 B. says his books full of prodigies, yet a useful historian [E - Archbishop of Florence Fl. 1480]

251 Antonine the Florentine M 55 qualified to speak on religion 1822 Antoninus, Archbishop of Florence fusa historia M 366 (F - Histoire développée) combined history from

creation to 1470 Fl. 1480 1531 Antonio of Gerona (Gerundensis) M 326 on the beginning of the Christian era, and the

date of a census 1823 Antonio, Peter Chronica Hispaniae M 377 in Spanish and Italian 1824 Antonius Nebrissensis (Antony of Lebrija - E)

(Antoine de Nébrisse - F) de rebus a Ferdinando gestis

M 377 historian of the Spanish Fl. 1494

118 Antonius Nebrissensis (Nebrissensis - L, Antoine de Nebrisse - F, Antonio de Lebrija - E)

M 45 his praise of Ferdinand out of place in an historian

1825 Antony the Monk (Annonius monachus) libri V. de regibus Francorum

M 374 historian of the Franks from 420-826 Fl. 830

1553 Apollinaris M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 33 334 Apollodorus M 67 his chronology followed by Diodorus 1304 Apollonius M 282 praised monarchy 144 Appian M 47 says he had access to the writings of Augustine

in compiling his history 208 Appian M 53 on the cruelty of Mithridates [E - Roman

Histories, "Mithridatic Wars," XVI. 112 end] 215 Appian M 54 qualified to pass judgment on civil matters 293 Appian M 59 his false account of the destruction of Brennus'

Gauls after the sack of Rome 313 Appian M 64 authority on the Rogatio Sempronia 804 Appian M 148 what Appian wrote about Cassius: "I fear

Sagittarius more than Scorpio." [E - says this work of Appian a forgery]

854 Appian M 159 in A's Libyan War Censorinus says he will destroy the town of Carthage but spare the "civitas"

883 Appian M 164 Romans refused many peoples who offered to surrender themselves to them [and become citizens]

1164 Appian M 231 Athens ruled Greece for 70 years 1166 Appian M 231 Spartan's hegemony for 12 years 1187 Appian M 238 Athenian hegemony of 70 years 1250 Appian M 269 his description of the popular uprising under

Apuleius Saturninus 1333 Appian M 293 on extent of Roman Empire at time of Trajan 1687 Appian M 344 derives Celts from Celtus, son of Polyphemus 1828 Appian Appiani Celticus, sive de bello Gallico M 373 Fl. 1550 [155] 1827 Appian bellorum civilium libri V M 372 historian of the Romans Fl. 215 [145] 1830 Appian Hiberica M 377 historian of the Spanish [Fl. 140] 101 Appian in Syrio M 37 his story about Antiochus' love for Stratonice [E

- Roman Histories, "The Syrian Wars," chap. x] 1071 Appian lib. I M 203 Roman people swore to keep the laws 953 Appian lib. I. bellorum civilium M 177 whole population swears to uphold a law 324 Appian libro secundo bellorum civilium in Libyco

M 65 Civil Wars, Book II; book on the Libyan War;

B's opinion on him as an historian; good on the resources of the provinces


1829 Appian Parthicus M 370 Fl. 140 849 Apuleius M 157 15 persons = a populace, i.e. 5 collegia or 3

familiae [E - De Magia chapter 47] 1392 Apuleius M 309 the world is eternal 1414 Aquinas, Thomas M 312 world has beginning but no end 111 Arcadius M 44 said those who have engaged in litigation have

known all evils 965 Arcadius M 179 right of appeal, which Arcadius called

"supplicare" 817 Arcecilas M 152 among list of learned men 1480 Archilochus de temporibus M 321 fragments, perhaps spurious, says B. 1423 Archimedes M 313 on the ratio of a small seed and the whole world 812 Archytas M 152 among list of learned men 1451 Aristides in Panathenaeis M 318 Athenians alone autochthonous 1608 Aristides in Panathenaeis M 334 said Athenians were of the highest nobility

because of their descent from the soil of Attica 147 Aristobulus M 47 ambassador of Alexander the Great; quotes

information gathered firsthand in Egypt and India

717 Aristotle M 129- 130

and Plato said "ira" given to men for purposes of revenge


types of kings; chosen leaders


says no one can remember the destruction of the heavens [E - De caelo I. 3. 270b 14]

57 Aristotle M 19 wrote books on different branches of natural history

95 Aristotle M 30 to avoid inconsistency calls contemplation a type of activity

96 Aristotle M 34 got entangled in his definition of 'good' as contemplation - he could not make the 'good' of the individual coincide with the 'good' of the whole state

128 Aristotle M 46 histories of too distant events as unreliable and unpleasing as those of too recent events

157 Aristotle M 48 accepted the song of the dying swan 193 Aristotle M 52 when he attempts to correct the laws of Solon

and Lycurgus is rebuked implicitly by Polybius and openly by Plutarch

434 Aristotle M 87 fire and the sun make men black 441 Aristotle M 89 said all in the north have red hair 454 Aristotle M 90 in one place calls the eyes of goats

Ðμματα χαροπ - they are actually yellow 455 Aristotle M 91 said the hide of lions is always πυρρÎν - tawny 464 Aristotle M 91 on the color of the eyes of peoples in the

different regions 470 Aristotle M 91 the color "caprinus" (yellowish grey) indicates

person of the best morality; bluish-grey = cruel 530 Aristotle M 103 A's statements on melancholy fit southerners

fairly well 538 Aristotle M 104 in winter men more capable of begetting, not

more lustful, as A. thought


570 Aristotle M 108 men live longest in the south 580 Aristotle M 109 and Juba say elephants live longest 591 Aristotle M 112 and Pliny far inferior to Agricola on metals 608 Aristotle M 116 said Anaxagoras was very wise but lacked

prudence 613 Aristotle M 117 right side of world is to the east 639 Aristotle M 118 in the uterus males move to the right 643 Aristotle M 119 Nature makes some people slaves, with strong

bodies; others weak, but useful for society 669 Aristotle M 121 "operarios & opifices inter plebeios receset" 676 Aristotle M 123 erroneous observations on different races 693 Aristotle M 125 writing to Theodectes (15 lines in Greek and

Latin) on characteristics of the young compared to those of the old and middle-aged

724 Aristotle M 132 all the best things found in Asia 758 Aristotle M 137 fevers and summer heat greater in the north 825 Aristotle M 153 comparative study of laws and institutions 836 Aristotle M 154 "principum σοφ\σματα, seu κρbφια" - devices

or secrets of princes 836a Aristotle M 154 we must refute A's definitions "de cive, de

civitate, de Republica, de summo imperio, de magistratu," which are fundamental to this discussion

839 Aristotle M 154 155

definition of a 'citizen' discussed

876 Aristotle M 163 said absurdly that citizens of this kind should be partly citizens, partly foreigners [E - Politics III. I. 1275a]

917 Aristotle M 171 definition of a magistrate 926 Aristotle M 172 calls sovereignty τÎ κbριον πολ\τευμα or

κbρ4α a)ρχZ 994 Aristotle M 185 reports the opinions of others on the mixed state

of the Spartans 1001 Aristotle M 187 the ephors ordered men to "shave their

moustache"- κε\ρεσαι τÎν μbστακα 1004 Aristotle M 187 issue of Peloponnesian War was democracy v.

aristocracy 1008 Aristotle M 187 postulated 3 good types of states and 3 bad 1021 Aristotle M 190 said the Carthaginians had a popular

constitution; election of magistrates by lot; the extreme instance of a popular constitution

1029 Aristotle M 192 π`λιH cannot have more than 10,000 citizens 1050 Aristotle M 197 called officials of local government at Athens

•στυν`μουH 1052 Aristotle M 197 Aristotle, Polybius and Livy give us a few hints

on the Carthaginian state 1062 Aristotle M 201 definition of monarchy - 5 kinds 1067 Aristotle M 202 is it better to give authority to a man or to a law?1078 Aristotle M 204 those kings whom A. calls "domini," who treat

the state as their private possession 1079 Aristotle M 205 kings who are bound by laws are not kings 1091 Aristotle M 210 wrongly called military leaders 'kings'


1182 Aristotle M 235 could not understand the seven tides of the Euripus - "cur denique septenarius Euripi fluxus ac refluxus Aristotelem, ut quidam prodiderunt, ad furorem; ut alii, ad praecipitium adegit?"

1205 Aristotle M 251 father's power of life and death among the Persians

1208 Aristotle M 251 advised the appointment of magistrates with differing opinions

1218 Aristotle M 255 thought certain magistracies (judicial) should be limited to a short period

1220 Aristotle M 256 said that by frequent change of officials the power of the prince is increased

1245 Aristotle M 268 spoke against popular government; said some born to rule, others to obey

1257 Aristotle M 271 6 types of state; A. said royal power is best 1270 Aristotle M 274 hesitated to replace an old, established law by a

new one, even if better 1272 Aristotle M 275 the rule of a few who are in harmony is not

easily shaken; middle class contributes to stability of a state

1276 Aristotle M 277 and Pausanias give examples of foreigners gaining control of a city and driving out the original inhabitants, e.g. at Troezen, Zancle and Amphipolis

1301 Aristotle M 282 praised monarchy 1314 Aristotle M 286 decided Plato's geometric ratio for the ruling of

states referred only to rewards 1319 Aristotle M 289 forced to acknowledge the power of religion as

support of the state 1339 Aristotle M 297 placed piracy, or ληστε\α, among kinds of

hunting 1403 Aristotle M 311 called the wise man αÛταρκ−ν 1444 Aristotle M 317 nothing mixed and made up of parts can be

produced by itself 1791 Aristotle M 358 calls it Britain (not Albion) 1359 Aristotle in libris de coelo M 304 said the world is eternal, but admitted

demonstration of this is impossible 1366 Aristotle in libris de coelo

in libris de interpretatione M 305 on free will and necessity - is God free?

1368 Aristotle in libris de moribus M 306 will is not free unless it can be changed [E - Nicomachean Ethics III. 3. 1113a 10]

1707 Aristotle in libris de moribus and Republica M 346 on the bravery of the Celts 713 Aristotle in libris de Republica M 129 praises Dorian mode [E - Politics VIII. 7. 1342b

15] 1421 Aristotle in libris τäν μετa ta φυσ. M 312

313 the Prime Mover, God; B. criticizes his notions

1373 Aristotle in metaph. M 307 on form and matter; "est forma generosa (noble) & divinum quiddam habens essentia"

1447 Aristotle in problematis M 317 a cycle of birth and death for men and for empires

425 Aristotle in quaestionibus M 86 in Questions says excessive heat or cold prevents civilization

468 Aristotle in quaestionibus M 91 said "color glaucus in oculis magnum caloris


indicium" 507 Aristotle in quaestionibus M 98 nothing is more cruel than armed injustice; men

with moderate thought excel in humanity and justice; a temperate climate produces good men

540 Aristotle in quaestionibus M 105 people who ride horses much are more lustful 556 Aristotle in quaestionibus M 106 "ea quaestio cur melancholici salaciores sint" 1449 Aristotle lib. I. mete. M 317 denies there was a flood over all the earth [livre I

des Météores - F, Book I of the Metaphysics - E]1376 Aristotle lib. II. cap. III. de animalium ortu M 308 on form and matter; form of man

θbραθεν ¦πεισιXναι (enters from without) 1307 Aristotle lib. III. ad extremum M 282 disapproved of dynastic monarchy; praised

elected kings of Carthage [E - Politics II. 8. 1269a 15]

642 Aristotle lib. IV. cap. III. & IX. & lib. IV cap. I. & lib. I. cap. XV. de historia animal.

M 119 Book IV, chapters 3 and 9, Book IV, chapter I and Book I, chapter 15 of The History of Animals: the right part is masculine, the left feminine

1399 Aristotle lib. VI. de natura M 310 God cannot be moved or changed 1428 Aristotle lib. VI. de natura M 314 movers of the heavens and stars are minds which

are themselves immobile 1404 Aristotle lib. XIIII. τäν μετ τ φυσ. M 311 calls God αÛταρκXστατον 654 Aristotle lib. XXXI. cap. XII. XIII. XIX. XXV. &

lib. XXXII. cap. VII. M 120 right hand best; no work of Aristotle is named

601 Aristotle libro 2. de partibus animantium M 114 in Book II De partibus animalium: the beasts which are colder are more sagacious [E - II. 2. 648a]

1375 Aristotle libro II. de natura libro I. cap. IX. de natura libro VIII. τäν μετa_ τa_ φυσ. lib. I. cap. III. de animo

M 307 on form, matter, creation

1379 Aristotle libro IV. de natura M 308 on time 482 Aristotle libro quarto Meteorum M 94 men of extreme north burned up by the cold

"non, ut putavit Aristoteles, propter vim coloris interni ¦κ τ−H •νθιπεριστVσεωH" but because the cold penetrates and dries up the humor

1135 Aristotle libro quinto de Republica M 223 ridicules Plato's numerical theory of the rise and fall of states; B. says this is a very good passage [E - Politics V. 12. 1316a]

503 Aristotle libro septimo de Republica M 98 strong and opinionated men have less intellect [E - Politics VII. 6. 1327b 23 ff.]

1178 Aristotle libro V. de Repub. & extremo τäν μετ τ φυσ.

M 235 in Book V of the Politics and at end of the Metaphysics A. says no importance in numbers; Bodin is not impressed

1831 Arnobius adversus gentes libri VII M 368 historian of paganism Fl. 300 133 Arrian M 46-47 used earlier records and authors to write the

history of the past, e.g. says he'd read the previously unknown commentaries of King Ptolemy who accompanied Alexander the Great

305 Arrian M 61 writer on Alexander the Great and commentaries on Epictetus

641 Artemidorus lib. XXVII M 118- 119

his interpretation of dreams

1832 Arthur, Geoffrey (Galfridus Arturus) de rebus M 377 historian of the Britons [? 1150]


Britannicis libri VIII 1070 Asconius M 203 on the power of the praetors 1533 Asconius M 327 meaning of 'Indictio' as a unit of time 314 Asconius (Pedianus) M 64 authority on the Rogatio Sempronia cr 1 Asculanus. See Bonfini 487 Athenaeus M 94 charges the Scythians with

•κρατοποσ\αν (drinking neat wine); says Laconians call drinking neat wine •ντισκυθ\σαι [E - Deiponosophists X, para. 427]

708 Athenaeus M 129 on luxury - "A. vero Asiaticorum & Aegyptiorum delicias incredibiles tradit"

790 Athenaeus M 144 a man half black and half white exhibited by Ptolemy Philadelphus

1025 Athenaeus M 191 on population of Athens [E - Deipnosophists VI. 272 c]

1056 Athenaeus M 198 the population of Athens 1348 Athenaeus M 299 for examples of savagery in past ages 1593 Athenaeus M 332 praises Ctesias 1717 Athenaeus M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1745 Athenaeus M 349 distinguishes German from Celt 1784 Athenaeus M 355 on the meaning of the word 'dunus' (Celtic) 1833 Athenaeus M 368 "geographistorian" 1739 Athenaeus lib. V M 349 Celtic invasion of Pannonia 773 Athenaeus lib. XII M 141 Lydians and Umbrians famous for their shameful

delights 163 Athenaeus of Naucratis M 48 denied that dying swans sing 874 Augustine M 163 "Will the foot say I am not the eye, therefore I

am not of the body?" [Augustinus - L; Saint Augustin - F; but E gives St. Paul]

1103 Augustine M 214 expansion of society, from domestic society to political society; ban on marriage with near relatives

1134 Augustine M 223 the Divine Majesty is fate if anything is 1353 Augustine M 301 and Lactantius said belief in the antipodes was

crazy 1384 Augustine, [St.] M 308 separated time from eternity 1427 Augustine, [St.] M 314 said nothing is infinite except God 1441 Augustine, [St.] M 316 evil = absence of good 1574 Augustine, [St.] M 330 6916 years since creation 1606 Augustine, [St.] lib. II. de Civitate Dei M 333 accepts prophecy of Rabbi Elia that world would

last 6000 years 1365 Augustine, [St.] libro decimo de Civitate Dei M 305 souls did not have a beginning because they

would then have an end 1139 Augustus M 225 "in quadam epistola" expresses joy to his friends

because he has passed his 63rd year 2133 Aurelius Victor, Sextus M 380 lives of emperors from Augustus to Theodosius

the Great; for individual histories Fl. 420 53 Ausonius M 18 wrote fasti 869 Authentics Authent. LXXVIII M 162 [E - a collection of the constitutions of Justinian]

Panvinio wrong in source of citizenship law 1835 Aventinus, Johannes Germanicarum rerum M 374 historian of the Germans Fl. 1510


illustratio libro X. comprehensa. 617 Averroës M 117 right side of world is to the east 763 Averroës M 138 said wrongly that plants and animals are more

vigorous in mountains because nearer to heaven 1386 Averroës M 309 and the Peripatetics - their arguments on the

creation 1422 Averroës M 313 and Aristotle; their erroneous ideas on the world

and God 1450 Averroës (Abenreus) lib. III. de animo M 317 L - Abenreus lib. III De animo

F - Avicenne livre III de l'Esprit E - Averroës Book III of On the Soul denies a flood ever covered the whole earth

429 Avicenna M 87 the ancients, excluding Posidonius and Avicenna, believed men could safely live only between the tropics and the polar circle

1363 Avicenna M 304 and Origen, etc. oppose Aristotle's arguments that the world is eternal

1419 Avicenna M 312 cosmology of; world will end 1448 Avicenna (Abensina) lib. de diluviis M 317 cycle of civilizations and cataclysms 932 Azo M 173 Lothair and Azo's dispute over sovereignty -

Emperor Henry VII at Bologna decides the question

936 Azo M 174 on sovereignty and the sovereign 1083 Azo M 205 Jason's interpretation of a passage of law on the

power of the prince already well explained by Azo

1212 Baldus M 253 and other jurisconsults: their stupid interpretation of the Salic Law on inheritance

655 Baldus [de Ubaldi] ad l. decernimus. de sacrosanct. eccles. C

M 120 on the right hand [Code 1.2.16 - E]

2060 Barentonius, Guillaume Postel (F - Guillaume Postel de Barenton) de moribus, religione, & Republica Turcarum libri III

M 378 historian of the Turks, in French Fl. 1150 [1550 in ed. 1572]

1836 Barlet, Martin (Barletius - L, Berlitz - F) de rebus gestis adversus Turcas, & Scanderbei regis Epirotarum vita, libris XIII comprehensa

M 378 historian of the Turks Fl. 1488

17 Baron, Eguinaire (Baro) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 1837 Bartolini, Ricciardo, of Perugia Austriades libri XII M 375 writer on Austrian affairs Fl. 1500 939 Bartolus M 175 "hoc igitur propriè magistratus officium quod

Bartolus nobile appellavit" 1128 Bartolus ad l. hostes. de captivis M 221 no slaves in his time (Bartolus lived 1309) 853 Bartolus in l. urbis appellatio. de rerum et verborem

significatione. & ad legem municipalem M 159 limits a city-state by its walls; defines

"municeps" as a kind of "civis" 1382 Basil, [St.] M 308 separated time from eternity 68 Bede M 22 his work on chronology 1536 Bede M 327 on the use of 'Indictiones' as unit of time 1547 Bede M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 34 1575 Bede M 330 6893 years since creation 1839 Bede libri V. historiarum Anglosaxonum, usque ad

suam aetatem M 377 an Englishman; historian of the Anglo-

Saxons Fl. 732 1838 Bede (Beda Anglus) chronica, ab orbe condito usque

ad 700 A.D. M 366 writer of universal history Fl. 730


395 Bellonius [Pierre Belon] M 80 on the great tails of Egyptian sheep agrees with Leo Africanus

1011 Bembo M 188 on constitution of Venice 1019 Bembo M 189 on the wars between Pope Julius and King Louis

of France; on Antonio Grimani 1279 Bembo M 278 on the hatred of Venice's allies toward Venice 360 Bembo, (Pietro) M 75-76 B's appraisal of him as an historian 1841 Bembo, P. historiae Venetae libri XII M 373 history of Venice Fl. 1540 1552 Bernard of Modena M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 34 75 Berosus M 22 writer on the earliest civilizations 1463 Berosus M 319 only in fragments, maybe spurious 1721 Berosus M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1775 Berosus M 353 his fragments show that the name "Pyrenaei"

comes "ab inflammatione" 1501 Berosus ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 1842 Berosus (sacerdos Chaldaeus) M 369 historian of the Chaldeans; Fragments in 5 books

Fl. 340 B.C. [280] 1843 Berosus Chaldaeus fragmenta universae historiae M 365 from creation to Sardanapalus acc. to

Megasthenes Fl. 330 B.C. 1482 Berosus, the Chaldean M 321 his complete work on early chronology; extant at

the time of, and used by, Megasthenes 822 Bessarion M 152 among list of learned men 301 Bessarion, Cardinal M 60 doubts the truth of much history when he sees

many bad men he had known praised "by some stupid •ποθXωσιH at Rome"

1394 Bessarion, Cardinal M 309 the world is eternal 1844 Beyssel (L has Beissellus) de Flandrensium gestis M 373 about the Flemings 1570 Beza, Theodore M 330 supports Funck on a supposed error in the text

when it is said the Hebrews were 430 years in Egypt

1845 Bible, The Holy M 368 source for history of religions 1846 Blondus, Flavius, of Forli (F - de Fréjus)

(L - Forojuliensis) M 372 secretary of Pope Eugene; 30 books from the

decline of the empire to his own age, & libri X. de Roma triumphante, deque Italia illustrata Fl. 1440

1847 Boccaccio, Giovanni (Bocatius) de casibus illustrium virorum

M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 1370

1848 Bochet (L - Bochetius) (F - Jean Bouchet) M 373 the annals of Aquitaine [Fl. ?] 419 Boemus M 85 in B's list of those who wrote very meagerly

(levissime) about laws, religions, institutions of peoples

606 Boemus M 115 a German, Boemus and Munster on the Germans' habits of violence

237 Boemus, Johann (Beham) M 54 qualified to speak on peoples and regions 860 Boethius M 161 reports that acc. to Cicero Roman citizens

suffered a lowering of status if they became members of Latin colonies [E - Boethius wrote on the Topica of Cicero]

1412 Boethius M 312 world has beginning but no end 1849 Boetius, Hector Scotorum historia M 377 historian of the Scots Fl. 689 [1550 ?] 16 Bohier or Boyer, Nicholas (Boërius) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 1850 Boisseliner, Sebastian (F - Boisselinier) M 376 historian of the Saxons; on the siege of


de obsidione Magdeburgica Magdeburg Fl. 1560 1851 Bonfini, Antonio (Asculanus) rerum Hungaricarum

libri XXX M 375 up to Matthias Corvinus; writer on Hungarian

affairs Fl. 1440 1486 Bourrel, Jean (Jean Boutée - F) (I. Buteo - L) M 321 from Dauphiné; calculations about the capacity

of the Ark 1679 Bovillus [Charles de Bovelles] M 344 Bovillus, Picartus and Perionius derived many

French words from Greek cr 2 Boyer. See Bohier 1852 Bracellus, Jacob (F - Jacques de Bracelle) de bello

Hispano libri V M 377 historian of the Spanish Fl. 1496

1853 Bracellus, Jacob (F - Jacques de Bracelle) de claris Genuensibus

M 380 about famous Genoese; for history of individuals

834 Breton, Robert M 154 on government 20 Brisson, Barnabé M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 174 Bruni, Leonardo (Aretinus) M 50 boasted of receiving gifts from a man he had

complimented; the accuracy of his history questioned

303 Bruto, (Giovanni Michele) of Venice M 61 stirred by hatred of tyranny often accuses Jovius of falsehood

317 Budé M 64 misled by Plutarch's equation of the drachma to the denarius and the mina to the pound

1047 Budé (Budaeus) M 195 and others mistaken in their account of the Roman senate

1217 Budé (Budaeus) M 255 said magistracies were quite recently annual 346 Budé, Guillaume M 70 called Tacitus the most wicked of writers 1854 Bullinger, Henry (Bulingerus) M 367 writer of universal history; chronicle from

creation to his own age Fl. 1545 1855 Burgundiae, Annales incerti autoris M 373 for history of the Celts, Gauls, Franks 1856 Cadamustus, Aloysius (F - Aloys Cadamusti)

navigatio ad terras novas M 378 for history of explorations

417 Caelius M 85 in B's list of those who wrote very meagerly (levissime) about laws, religions, institutions of peoples

1207 Caesar M 251- 252

position of plebs in Gaul - "Gentile est factiones in Gallia seri…" (5 lines quoted)

170 Caesar M 49 wrote that the followers of Pompey made no distinction between divine and human things and carried off money from temples

171 Caesar M 50 composed his Anticato in reply to Cicero's Cato, according to Tacitus, "quasi reus apud judices"

180 Caesar M 51 reliable on the customs of the Gauls 190 Caesar M 52 a good historian - only rarely takes sides; B.

gives some examples of his very cautious criticisms of other generals, e.g. of his enemy Pompey

204 Caesar M 53 his simple, unadorned style of history praised by Cicero

216 Caesar M 54 qualified to judge military matters 263 Caesar M 56 generally agreed to be a good historian 287 Caesar M 57 in "Civil War" relates that statues sweated at

Tralles - incredible 307 Caesar M 62 says the laws of patronage were common among

the Gauls


485 Caesar M 94 attributes the Germans' tallness and strength to their freedom and lack of liberal schooling - really due to "calor" & "humor"

493 Caesar M 95 on the Gauls: "Initio pugnae plusquam viri, postea foeminis molliores."

541 Caesar M 105 praises continence of the Germans 545 Caesar M 105 on Germans' continence: "ante xxv annum

foeminae notitiam habuisse, in turpissimis habent rebus"

550 Caesar M 105 Britons have 12 wives 575 Caesar M 108 large size of the Germans 597 Caesar M 113 "Deum Mercurium Galli maxime colunt…" 670 Caesar M 121 on the Germans - their whole life is hunting and

military training 684 Caesar M 123 Gauls fickle 733 Caesar M 133 "Optimi generis homines ex Aquitanis &

Rhutenis" 791 Caesar M 144 the Gallic Tectosages settle in Germany and

adopt German customs 851 Caesar M 159 "Omnis civitas Helvetia in quatuor pagos divisa

est." 1086 Caesar M 206 annual leaders among the Gauls 1202 Caesar M 250 Druids of Gaul exempted from taxation, etc.

great respect for the old religion in Gaul 1344 Caesar M 298 on the Germans; savagery of; robbery not a

disgrace 1669 Caesar M 342 said maritime Britons descended from the Belgic

Gauls 1692 Caesar M 345 said Romans' chief strength lay in their infantry 1697 Caesar M 345 on the Gauls 1712 Caesar M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1736 Caesar M 348 Gallic tribe, the Volcae Tectosages, invade

Germany (5 lines quoted ) 1759 Caesar M 351 the most fertile regions of Germany, beyond the

Rhine, around the Hercynian Forest 1767 Caesar M 352 said the Gauls used Greek letters 1770 Caesar M 353 said the Druids were imbued with the same

religious observations and disciplines as the Greeks

1785 Caesar M 356 said the Germans had no education, no sacrifices, no religions

1794 Caesar M 359 on the Sequani, who dwelt in Burgundia and Secana [E - Sucana]

1203 Caesar in Commentariis M 250 Orgetorix commits suicide when accused of attempted tyranny; head of family had power of life and death

1198 Caesar lib. VI M 249 ancient Gauls had kings 1728 Caesar lib. VI M 347 on the bravery of the Gauls 1857 Caesar, C. de bellis civilibus libri III M 372 Fl. 34 B.C. [43 in ed. 1572 and 1595] 1858 Caesar, Julius de bello Gallico libri VII M 373 Fl. 43 B.C. 1859 Calcondila, Leonicus historia de rebus Turcarum M 378 historian of the Turks Fl. 1490 1539 Calippus M 327 astronomer; his year faulty


1478 Calisthenes ap. Simplicius M 320 commentary on Book I of Aristotle's De caelo - on Chaldean chronology

295 Callimachus (Philip Buonaccorsi) M 59 and his scholiasts; his false account of Brennus' Gauls' robbing of the temple at Delphi and their destruction by lightning

1861 Callimachus, Philip Polonica historia contra Turcas M 375 for history of Poland [Fl. 1475] 1331 Calvin M 291 B. approves his reply when asked about the

interpretation of the Apocalypse: he was quite at a loss about its meaning

1862 Cambini, Andrea de origine Turcarum M 378 historian of the Turks, in Italian 32 Canaii M 7 Canaius, a lawyer of B's time [Jacques Canaye

acc. to F] 1864 Capella,Galleazzo M 374 wars in Italy between Charles V and Francis, the

French king Fl. 1530 1863 Capella,Galleazzo de bellis Italicis sub Carolo V M 373 historian of Italian affairs Fl. 1540 1865 Capitolinus M 372 history of separate emperors 1969 Capitolinus, Julius M 379 for history of individuals; three books on the

lives of the two Antonines, Verus and Pertinax Fl. 307

1168 Cardan M 232- 234

his trifling and erroneous guesses - made rise and fall of empires depend on the tail star of Helice or the Great Bear

701 Cardan M 127 Italians easily outwit the French and Germans 735 Cardan M 133 wrote on distribution of metals on authority of

others, without proof acc. to Scaliger 749 Cardan M 136 crossing to Britain and Ireland learns from the

sailors about currents from north to south; Scaliger reproaches him for not giving reasons

803 Cardan M 148 commentator on the book of Ptolemy about regions and constellations; says constellations have changed their places and so peoples have changed their characteristics

1445 Cardan M 317 misunderstands Aristotle and says that God is not the effective cause of the world

396 Cardan, Jerome M 80 his account of the great tails of Egyptian sheep agrees with that of Leo Africanus

600 Cardan, Jerome M 114 said wrongly a man is wise because he is wet and warm

414 Carion M 84 his writings the composite work of several authors

73 Carion, Johann M 22 his work on chronology, later edited by Melanchthon

1866 Carion, John, of Lübeck chronicorum libri tres M 367 creation to 1530, with appendix to the year 1555; writer of universal history Fl. 1550

815 Carneades M 152 among list of learned men 54 Cassiodorus M 18 wrote fasti 1868 Cassiodorus M 368 & Socrates, Sozomenus and Theodoret,

ecclesiastical history from the birth of Christ to the year 454 (444 - L and F) Fl. 400

1867 Cassiodorus, Aurelius (F - Aurélien) de gestis Gothorum & Romanorum sparsim

M 376 writer about the deeds of the Goths and the Romans Fl. 575

1603 Catina, Rabbi M 333 and Rabbi Elia said world would end after 6000 years [See ref. to Talmud sub. Rabbi Elia]


1668 Cato M 341- 342

perhaps not the author of the fragments, because the fragments are contradicted in some points by passages of Cato quoted by Dionysius Halicarnassus

1640 Cato M 338 debates which is the oldest race 1662 Cato M 341 apud Dionysius Halicarnassus? Italy colonized

from Greece 1338 Cato in libris originum M 296 said Cameses and Saturn flourished in the

golden age after the flood 1229 Cato in originibus M 259 in Origins, if he is the author of this book, calls

the 249 years of peace in Chaldea after the flood the golden age

1869 Cato, M. quae dicuntur, de originibus fragmenta M 371 historian of the Romans Fl. 260 B.C. [184] 448 Catullus M 90 translated χαροπ`H as "caesius" (word

describing color of eyes) 1870 Caules, John (Joan. Caulis) de religione veterum

liber Gal. Ital… M 368 written in French [or] Italian; historian of

paganism 1089 Celtes, Conrad M 208 constitution of Nuremberg 1624 Ceneau, Robert (Cenalis) M 336 historical bias of 1154 Censorinus M 228 M. Varro is quoted as saying the augur Vectius

said Rome would last 1200 years 1123 Charlemagne, laws of M 221 the laws of Charlemagne, Louis the Pious and

Lothair are extant in "libro legum Caroli magni, & libris legum Longobardorum"

1131 Charlemagne, laws of lib. II. cap.VII M 222 leges Caroli magni de conjurationibus servorum; slave revolts

280 Chartier, Alain M 57 ill-arranged but a mine of information 15 Chasseneux, Barthélemy de (Chassaneus) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 1872 Chronicles (Paralipomenon libri) M 369 & Kings and Esdras for history of various

Middle Eastern peoples 1873 Chronicon ducum Bavariae & Sueviae incerti autoris M 375 for history of Austria 1874 Chronicon incerti autoris de origine Francorum,

Vandalorum, Gotthorum, Burgundionum M 375 for history of Denmark, Sweden, or Gothia

158 Chrysippus M 48 believed in the swan song 814 Chrysippus M 152 among list of learned men 1548 Chrysostom M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 34 99 Cicero M 36-37 "here Cicero would say that an honorable speech

does not correspond with a base plan" 42 Cicero M 11 said Salamis would perish before the memory of

the deeds done at Salamis [E - Tusculan Disputations I. 46]

50 Cicero M 18 says history is simply the making of "annales" - bare accounts of the year's events

129 Cicero M 46 avoids the mention of the name of any living orator (in his history of oratory)

160 Cicero M 48 believed in the swan song 203 Cicero M 53 says Caesar surpassed all historians because his

history is simple, straightforward and leaves the reader to judge

257 Cicero M 55 called Herodotus 'father of history'; Why? asks B.

268 Cicero M 56 "Nihil est enim in historia pura et illustri


brevitate dulcius" [E - Brutus, para. 262] 529 Cicero M 103 "furor in sapientem cadere potest, insania non

potest" 661 Cicero M 120 "Nemo me sinistris sermonibus carpit"

(sinister = bad) 728 Cicero M 132 and Agrippa praise Caesar for his conquest of

peoples whom previously Rome could barely keep back

766 Cicero M 139 different characteristics of the "Ligures montani and maritimi"

795 Cicero M 145 people of Marseilles wisest and most just 801 Cicero M 147 the Chaldeans boast they spent 470,000 years

taking horoscopes 802 Cicero M 148 on Pompey: "putabat cum Syris ac rege

Nabathaeorum sibi rem esse"; Syrians most servile

850 Cicero M 158 defines state as "hominum multitudinem bene vivendi causa sociatam"

852 Cicero M 159 Tusculum municipium Romana civitate contineridixit

918 Cicero M 171 ad Atticum: "Pontifices religionis sunt judices; legis Senatus."

947 Cicero M 177 said nothing is sacrosanct "nisi quod plebs populusve jussit."

958 Cicero M 178 and Dionysius adopted Polybius' view that Rome had a mixed form of government

968 Cicero M 180 on the annual magistrates at Rome: "aditusque in illum summum ordinem omnium civium industriae pateret."

1035 Cicero M 193 surprisingly opposed the election of magistrates by secret ballot (as provided in the "lex Cassia et Papiria")

1107 Cicero M 214 calls ochlocracy also tyranny (lacking a Latin word)

1120 Cicero M 216 Cicero, Plato and Polybius said there was an inevitable progression from monarchy to democracy and aristocracy

1121 Cicero M 218 "atque hinc oligarchia, quam Cicero factionem vertit,…"

1122 Cicero M 220 "malus custos est diuturnitatis metus, ut ait Cicero"

1241 Cicero M 267 calls 'dominion of the mob' (Ïχλοκρατ\α) tyranny

1249 Cicero M 269 "lapidationes in foro saepe vidimus: non saepe; sed tamen nimis saepe, gladios."

1341 Cicero M 297 fable of the struggle of the giants against the gods is the struggle against nature - "quid est autem aliud gigantes Diis (sic) bellum inferre, quam naturae, ut ait Cicero, repugnare?"

1357 Cicero M 304 calls Varro the most learned of the Latins and Greeks

1676 Cicero M 342 said: "Regnante meo gentili, hoc est, Servio Tullio, venit Pythagoras in Italiam, quae tum


Graecia magna dicebatur." 1793 Cicero M 359 called Spain populous in his day 1472 Cicero de Divinatione M 320 Chaldeans boasted they had nativities for

470,000 years 658 Cicero de legib. III M 120 Laws III: "avi sinistra" = under good omens; and

C. adds an explanation of the word sinister = good

894 Cicero pro Balbo M 167 on alliances between Rome and other "civitates"877 Cicero pro Cornelio Balbo M 163 said obscurely that no one can be a citizen of his

own state and the Roman state; 3 quotations from Pro Balbo [E - Pro Balbo XII, 28-31]

1020 Cicero pro Ligario M 189 (4 lines quoted) on the different ways of pleading before judges and before a father

1798 Cicero (Tully) M 360 people of Phocaea fled to Celtica and founded the city of [Massilia], the most flourishing republic ever, acc.to Cicero

1317 Clement epist. IIII. ad ecclesiam Hierosolymitanam M 288 letter IV to the church of Jerusalem - on Christian •γαπαι - love feasts

1634 Clement of Alexandria in stromatis M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people (in his Miscellanies)1876 Clement, bishop of Alexandria στροματfν libri

VIII M 368 miscellaneous writings; historian of paganism

Fl. A.D. 200 626 Cleomedes M 118 left and right side of the earth 1877 Coccinius, Michael, of Tübingen (F - Cocinius)

de bellis Italicis M 373 historian of Italian affairs Fl. 1540

648 Colossians ad Colossen. III M 119 right hand best 1878 Columbus, Christopher, of Genoa navigatio ad

insulas antea ignotas M 378 on history of America Fl. 1512

519 Columella lib. I. cap. III M 101 reports saying of the Carthaginians: "imbecilliorem agrum quam agricolam esse debere"

45 Comines M 13 his account of King Louis XI stimulates the Emperor Charles V

197 Comines M 53 rebuked by Vives for his digressions from history into moral discourses

226 Comines M 54 qualified to judge civil and military matters 261 Comines M 56 generally agreed to be a good historian 124 Comines, Philippe de M 45 historian of Louis XI 1237 Comines, Philippe de M 265 favors the English, yet says during the civil wars

more than 80 men of the royal family of England were killed

1879 Comines, Philippe de (F - Cominnes) M 374 history from 1462 to the coronation of Louis XII, continuing Monstrelet Fl. 1488

948 Connan M 177 "Senatusconsulta" only annual, contrary to what Connan thought

18 Connan, François (Conanus) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 1013 Contarini M 188-

191 on early constitution of Venice

841 Contarini M 155 misled by Aristotle's definition of a citizen 960 Contarini M 178 Rome's mixed form of government 960a Contarini M 185 Rome's mixed form of government 990 Contarini M 185 says "regia potestas" not in the tribunes because

they lacked royal trappings


1007 Contarini M 187 on the constitution of Sparta 1009 Contarini M 188 on constitution of Venice 1049 Contarini M 196 on the Venetian magistrates 1258 Contarini M 271 discussed Plato's dictum that it would be very

difficult to find a single man of complete integrity to be the ideal monarch

1264 Contarini M 273 & Manutius, Machiavelli, etc. say Venetian state is the most outstanding

1271 Contarini M 274 confesses Venice excelled in "leges" but was deficient in "arma"

838 Contarini, Gaspar M 154 admired the constitution of the Venetians 886 Contarini, Gaspar M 165 approved Aristotle's definition of citizen 672 Copernicus M 122 places the sun in the center of the universe 1174 Copernicus M 234 as his disciples have written, said rise and fall of

empire depended on the center of a small eccentric circle

1498 Copernicus M 323 demonstrated the deficiencies of Ptolemy's astronomy

1456 Copernicus in libris revolutionum M 318 the sun's apsis nearer the earth than formerly 1880 Coran or Furcan (Coranus seu Furcanus) M 369 collected from all the Korans which were

circulated in the name of Mohammed Fl. 600

52 Crator M 18 wrote fasti 384 Cromer, [Martin] M 79 Polish scholar, bishop of Ermeland, wrote of the

Poles & Poland 1882 Cromer, Martin de rebus Polonorum libri XXX M 375 writer on Polish affairs Fl. 1552 140 Ctesias M 47 used all available sources in compiling his

histories 335 Ctesias M 67 "we have at least his epitome"; much quoted by

Plutarch, Pausanias, Athenaeus, etc. 431 Ctesias M 87 not only the Ethiopians but also the Indians are

black 727 Ctesias M 132 all the best things found in Asia 1145 Ctesias M 227 made Ninus first king of Babylon 1467 Ctesias M 319 criticized and praised by Diodorus, Book III 1489 Ctesias M 322 acc. to Diodorus brought back Persian annals to

Greece 1583 Ctesias M 330 chronology of 1589 Ctesias M 332 a diligent writer - included the months and

interregna in his chronology - but only fragments are left; Plutarch (in Artaxerxes) calls Ctesias untruthful; he was praised by Xenophon, Strabo, Athenaeus and Diodorus

1629 Ctesias M 337 Chaldeans most ancient people 1883 Ctesias of Cnidos M 369 fragments of Ctesias, Agatharchides & Mennon

on the kings of the Persians & Assyrians Fl. 375 B.C.

318 Cujas, Jacques M 65 rashly criticizes P. Manutius for a mistaken interpretation of the lex Romilia de adulteriis

656 Curtius senior consil. LXXIIII M 120 on the right hand 1884 Curtius, Q. M 380 life of Alexander the Great, 8 books extant out of

10; for history of individuals Fl. 1482


55 Cuspinian (Joannes Spiesshaymer) M 18 wrote fasti 1885 Cuspinian, Joannes de Caesaribus usque ad Carolum

V M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 1540

1306 Cyprian M 282 praised monarchy 1938 Dalmata, Herman (Hermann le Dalmate - F) chronica

Saracenorum M 377 historian of the Arabs

1150 Daniel M 227 228

his "seven days"

1330 Daniel M 291 his prophecies about empires 1649 Daniel M 339 predicts the rule of <Hebrew word>, that is Iaon

or Ion or Iavan = Alexander the Great 1886 Dares of Phrygia de bello Trojano libri VI M 370 translated from Greek into Latin verse by

Cornelius Nepos Fl. 1129 B.C. 699i Davidists M 127 among many who influenced German religious

thinking 1840 De bello Saxonio libri III. incerti autoris M 376 on history of Saxony 2095 De statu religionis & ecclesiae sub regibus Henrico II.

Francisco II. et Carolo IX. incerti autoris M 369 in French; among histories of Christian religion

29 Decemviri M 7 travelled throughout Greece gathering material for their system of law

344 Decius, [Philip] M 70 removed Alciati from list of jurisconsults because he was a Ciceronian

25 Demades M 6 the orator said he had learned statesmanship not "in scholis et otia sed in clarissima populi luce"

102 Demosthenes M 37 a remark of his to Phocion and Phocion's reply; his reply to the stupid question: "Who is the best of the citizens?" "The one most unlike you."

899 Demosthenes

M 169 and Aeschines disagree on the status of a τειχοποι`H - A. says a magistrate, D. says ¦πιμXλειVν τινα καÂ διακον\αν

1027 Demosthenes M 191 only 1500 citizens were allowed to vote at trials (1500 "civibus reorum suffragia permisse fuisse")

1068 Demosthenes M 202 rejected the law of Leptines, which could have made it illegal to give anyone immunity from the people

1108 Demosthenes M 214 first rulers judges (as among the Athenians) 1252 Demosthenes M 270 behavior of the people of Athens at the news of

Philip's invasion of Attica 951 Demosthenes adversus Aristocratem M 177 at Athens the people not bound by decrees of the

senate 1040 Demosthenes contra Androtionem M 194 prior approval of senate needed before any law

put before the people of Athens 1026 Demosthenes contra Aristogitonem M 191 on populaton of Athens 1041 Demosthenes contra Evergum M 194 limited judicial powers of senate at Athens 1006 Demosthenes contra Leptinem M 187 senate master at Sparta, people at Athens 1034 Demosthenes contra Leptinem M 193 people could grant citizenship, immunity, etc. 1033 Demosthenes contra Neaeram M 193 voting by show of hands, by 'fists' (χειροτον\‘) 1028 Demosthenes de Republica ordinanda M 191 only 300 citizens had the vote at Athens 1188 Demosthenes in olynthiaca III M 238 Athenian hegemony of only 45 years

[E - Olynthiacs III.24] 1253 Demosthenes in oratione de Republica M 270 said the orators were the leaders of the state


1287 Deuteronomy XVII M 279 Moses orders the king to learn the laws [E - Deuteronomy 27]

1887 Dictys Cretensis de bello Trojano libri VI M 370 translated into Latin from Carthaginian by Q. Septimius Fl. 1129 B.C.

214 Dio M 54 qualified to pass judgment on civil matters 310 Dio M 63 a Greek, left a better account of Roman

institutions than Roman historians did 829 Dio M 153 ideas on the state 870 Dio M 162 said falsely that Severus allowed the

Alexandrians to become senators 1303 Dio M 282 praised monarchy 1037 Dio lib. LIII M 193 "comitia" transferred to the senate 90 Dio [Cassius] M 27 author of a detailed history of Rome;

his work largely disappeared because of the abridgment by Xiphilinus

325 Dio Cassius M 66 full of information; unfortunately much of his history is lost

1889 Dio Cassius M 372 history of separate emperors 1890 Dio Cassius M 379 history of the Roman princes from Augustus to

Alexander Severus, whose epitome Xiphilinus made; source for history of individuals Fl. 240

1888 Dio Cassius de gestis Romanorum M 372 23 books extant out of 80 Fl. 215 1891 Dio of Nicaea vitae Imperatorum M 379 from Nerva to M. Aurelius; historian of

individuals Fl. 140 333 Diodorus M 66-68 B's opinion of him as an historian; his faulty

chronology; his misspelling of Latin names 145 Diodorus M 47 says he'd seen the secret writings of the

Egyptians before writing his history 233 Diodorus M 54 qualified to speak on peoples and regions 255 Diodorus M 55 criticizes Herodotus for writing to give pleasure 265 Diodorus M 56 implicitly condemned the invention of speeches

in histories 415 Diodorus M 85 in B's list of those who wrote very meagerly


679 Diodorus M 123 erroneous observations on different races 753 Diodorus M 136 on heavy rainfall beyond the equator, whence

come the Nile floods 808 Diodorus M 151 and Justin on events during the 140th Olympiad 872 Diodorus M 163 the ancient Egyptian society divided into priests,

soldiers and workmen 1143 Diodorus M 227 made Ninus first king of Babylon 1228 Diodorus M 259 and Plutarch say the empires of the Lydians,

Tyrians, Athenians, etc. were mostly mythical 1455 Diodorus M 318 Egypt once had 18,000 famous cities 1488 Diodorus M 322 says Ctesias brought Persian annals back to

Greece with him 1594 Diodorus M 332 praises Ctesias 1638 Diodorus M 338 debates which is the oldest race 1723 Diodorus M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1725 Diodorus M 347 on the spread of the Celts 1787 Diodorus M 356 poets of Gaul called 'bards'


551 Diodorus lib. II M 106 polygamy among Persians, Carthaginians and Hebrews

1475 Diodorus lib. II M 320 his chronology; refutes the chronology of the Egyptians (who said they could go back 33,000 years)

1473 Diodorus lib. III M 320 D. adds [to the 470,000 years the Chaldeans boasted they had been casting nativities] (L - "Diodorus ascripsit CCCCIII"; E - 404)

1466 Diodorus lib. III. in regibus Assyriorum in historia Persarum

M 319 criticizes and praises the historian Ctesias

92 Diodorus (Siculus) M 27 author of an extensive and detailed history [of the world]

1893 Diodorus Siculus M 365 universal history up to time of Caesar; of 40 books 15 are extant Fl. A.D. 40 (sic in L, E, F)

1892 Diodorus Siculus M 370 the sixteenth book follows the narrative of Gemistus about the deeds of Philip and Alexander the Great Fl. 40 B.C. (sic in L, E, F)

816 Diogenes the Stoic M 152 among list of learned men 35 Diomedes M 8 "de re grammatica sex millia librorum effudit" 152 Dionysius M 48 Plutarch, Livy, Dionysius, Valerius and Pliny all

agree about the recelebration of certain games 321 Dionysius M 65 wrote that the husband is the final judge in

matters concerning a wife's adultery or intoxication

892 Dionysius M 166 said Coriolanus was chosen leader of the Etruscans

919 Dionysius M 171 the senate cannot execute what it has decreed, as we shall make plain from Dionysius

930 Dionysius M 172 B. says: "having compared the arguments of Aristotle, Polybius and Dionysius on the subject of sovereignty…"

955 Dionysius M 178 the speech of M. Valerius, consul, on sovereignty

957 Dionysius M 178 and Cicero adopted Polybius' view that Rome had a mixed form of government

967 Dionysius M 179 and Livy: after expulsion of the kings, Brutus proposes annual consuls be created by the people

972 Dionysius M 180 "imperium" only to be given by the people, acc. to the "lex Valeria"

979 Dionysius M 181 the senate deceived the people over the procedure for choosing a dictator

984 Dionysius M 183 authority for the law of Valerius and Horatius on the power of "plebiscita"

1055 Dionysius M 198 Latins sold their children as slaves to the Romans

1061 Dionysius M 200 on the population of Rome at the earliest censuses

1065 Dionysius M 202 the law of Terentius Arsa for a written code of law opposed for 6 years by the consuls

1292 Dionysius M 280 Romulus left less important cases to be judged by the people and reserved the more important for himself

1587 Dionysius M 331 and Varro, date of foundation of Rome


1671 Dionysius M 342 thought Italy formerly called Ausonia 945 Dionysius lib. II M 177 on sovereignty: "Non enim Senatus Romanorum

arbiter est, id est κbριος earum rerum quas decrevit, sed populus."

997 Dionysius lib. II M 186 on constitution of Lycurgus of Sparta 1031 Dionysius lib. IV M 192 on the early Roman constitution 949 Dionysius lib. VII M 177 is authority for statement that "Senatusconsulta"

were only annual 306 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 62-63 his very complete account of the early

constitution of Rome 61 Dionysius Halicarnassus M

20 reproaches previous writers on Roman history

for leaving mutilated or imperfect commentaries112 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 44 a more reliable historian of Rome than the

acknowledged Romans Fabius, Sallust or Cato 134 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 46 used earlier records and authors to write the

history of the past 210 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 54 qualified to make judgments on civil matters 827 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 153 ideas on the state 1641 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 338 debates which is the oldest race 1650 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 339 calls Janus 'Oenotrius' 1667 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 341 says inhabitants of Italy an offshoot of the

Greeks; quotes Fabius, Cato, Piso, Gellius, Sempronius,Varro

1894 Dionysius Halicarnassus M 371 libri XI on Roman history Fl. 280 B.C.[35 B.C. in ed. 1572]

1597 Dius M 332 his accurate chronology of Phoenician history used by Josephus

2061 Donatus Possius (Donato Bosso - E) (Donat Possio - F) of Milan

M 367 history from creation to 1489 Fl. 1496

221 Du Bellay M 54 qualified to judge military matters 1733 Du Bellay M 348 gave a list of towns in Italy founded by the Gauls1757 Du Bellay M 351 said the Franks were of Phrygian origin 356 Du Bellay, Guillaume M 72-73 viceroy of Milan (an Angevin), wrote on the

antiquity of the Gauls and of the expedition of the Emperor Charles V into Provence

164 Du Bellay, Guillaume M 48 my compatriot, criticized the lack of discrimination in many historians who accepted erroneous report that Charles, Duke of Orleans was executed at Paris for treason

13 Du Faur or Fabre, Guy (Faber) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 934 Du Moulin M 173 All others, except Alciati and Du Moulin,

decided Azo's opinion on sovereignty was more correct than Lothair's

21 Du Moulin, Charles (Molinaeus) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 87 Du Tillet, Jean M 27 short history of the Franks 1167 Du Tillet, Jean M 231 his very exact comparison of time periods

combined with fasti 2110 Du Tillet, Jean epitome historiarum M 373 from Waramund to Henry II Fl. 1550 1895 Dubravius, John M 376 Bohemian history (not in L or F, but E is based

on 1583 and 1595 editions) [Fl. 1550] 12 Durand, Guillaume (Speculator) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 115 Eginhard M 45 his excessive praise of Charlemagne unfitting in


an historian 1896 Eginhard (F - Eginard) M 380 Turpin, E. and Acciajuoli, on the life of Charles

the Great (T. and E. of time of Charles the Great)

1898 Egnatius (Ignace - F) M 372 history of separate emperors 1897 Egnatius, Baptista de Romanis principibus, a

Caesare usque ad Carolum V. Imp. M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 1530

1520 Eleazar, Rabbi M 325 on Genesis - 2 Hebrew words - world created in autumn

1526 Eleazar, Rabbi M 325 said Jewish year did not start with the vernal equinox

673 Elia M 122 a certain Rabbi; said in six thousand years "mundi elementaris conversio" will have taken place

1602 Elia, Rabbi in libris Talmudicis, titulo Sanedrim & in titulo de idololatria

M 333 thought by some a prophet; Rabbis Elia and Catina said world would last 6000 years in libris Talmudicis, titulo Sanedrim cap. Helec, & in titulo de idololatria cap. Libne Helec = a share Libne = before [E - these references are to the tract Sanhedrin xi. 302, and to the tract Idolatry i. 16]

625 Empedocles M 118 left and right side of the earth 737 Empedocles M 134 ut E. ait: "calidum in frigido, frigidum in calido

natura collocasse videatur" 784 Empedocles ap. Plutarch. M 143 and the Stoics: facial differences are produced

by the image received from the soul 650 Ephesians ad Ephes. I M 119 right hand best 337 Ephorus M 67 Diodorus' chronology for the beginning of

Ephorus' history 1899 Ephorus M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by

Plutarch 1508 Ephorus ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 1321 Epicurus M 289 forced to acknowledge the power of religion as

support of the state 1400 Epicurus M 311 said he'd rather be a porter (bajulum) than God 1356 Epicurus ap. Plutarch. M 304 believed in a creation 1416 Epicurus ap. Plutarch. M 312 world has an end 799 Erasmus M 146 Musculus, Martin [Luther] and Erasmus wrote

large number of books 166 Eratosthenes M 48 Posidonius, Eratosthenes and Metrodorus

reproached by Strabo for uncritical acceptance of rumors

1900 Esdras M 369 & Kings and Chronicles for history of various Middle Eastern peoples

746 Esdras (Ezra) M 135 "Deum terrae septem partes detexisse; aquas in septima collocasse."

1901 Estiaeus M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by Plutarch

1496 Eudoxus M 323 one of the sources of Ptolemy's chronology 1260 Euripides M 272 ©νÎH º δυνασ\H •να τε μXλαθρα κατV τε

π`λιαH - power belongs to one man in homes and cities {E - Andromache, 484}

117 Eusebius M 45 his praise of Constantine out of place in an


historian 241 Eusebius M 54 qualified to speak on religion 328 Eusebius M 66 authority for portents during battle against the

Marcomanni 1516 Eusebius M 324 his chronology 1573 Eusebius M 330 6760 years since creation 1905 Eusebius M 380 deeds of Diocletian, Maxentius, Constantine;

for history of individuals Fl. 312 1903 Eusebius chronicon, ab orbe condito usque ad

annum Christi CCC M 366 writer of universal history Fl. 312

1635 Eusebius de Evangelica demonstratione M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people 1904 Eusebius ecclesiasticae historiae libri X M 368 historian of Christian religion Fl. 312 67 Eusebius of Caesarea M 22 his work on chronology 365 Eusebius of Caesarea M 77 at times even he delighted in stories of prodigies447 Eustathius M 90 on the word χαροπ`H used by Homer [in

Odyssey XI. 611 - E] to describe eyes; has two significations: cruel & a reddish color

1691 Eustathius M 344 writes that Homer and Pindar use κελετ\ζειν and κελετν to mean "riding unsaddled horses"; from this derives the word Celts

84 Eutropius M 27 his short history of Rome 1907 Eutropius M 372 can supply the parts of the history of the Roman

Empire which are not dealt with by Tacitus & Ammianus Marcellinus

1906 Eutropius epitome principum Romanorum usque ad Jovinianum


1908 Eutropius the Presbyter de gestis Rom. libri X M 371 historian of the Romans Fl. 370 1902 Evagrius Scholasticus de ecclesia & imperio

Romano libri VI M 369 from 435 to 595; starts where the tripartite

history ends Fl. 610 1562 Exodus XII M 329 430 years sojourn in Egypt 1523 Exodus cap. XXIII M 325 Moses orders: Thou shalt keep the day after

harvest as a feast day at the end of the year. 478 Ezekiel M 93 Ezekiel, Jeremiah, Isaiah prophesied wars, etc.

from the north 631 Ezekiel M 118 from the north comes evil 718 Ezekiel M 130 the chosen worship with faces toward the east 1661 Fabius M 341 apud Dionysius Halicarnassus? Italy colonized

from Greece 60 Fabius Maximus M 20 reproached by Polybius for having specialized

on only one phase of the Punic War 2044 Fabius Pictor, Q. (Fabius Maximus) libri duo, de

origine orbis Romae M 371 historian of the Romans Fl. 280 B.C.

1909 Fasciculus temporum ab orbe condito usque ad annum 1484. incerti autoris

M 366 Petite Gerbe d'époques - F

1910 Fasti Consulares M 371 restored by Charles Sigonius and Panvinio Fl. 1560

1535 Fasti, the Greek M 327 ΙΝΔΙΚΤΙΟΝΩΝ ΚΩΝCΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΑΝΩΝ ΕΝΤΕΥΘΕΝ ΑΡΧΗ; the word 'Indictio' - a unit of time

905 Festus M 170 his ideas on "potestas" and "imperium" of magistrates followed by C. Sigonius and N. Grucchius


969 Festus M 180 on the law "Ovinia Tribunitia" - on the choice of senators

980 Festus M 181 praises the law for creating dictators at Rome 1100 Festus M 213 etymology: "urbes (cities) ab urbo" 461 Festus, Sextus Pompeius M 91 mentions "rava frumenta" i.e. yellow; says

"ravus" is a color between "flavus" & "caesius" 820 Ficino M 152 among list of learned men 1429 Ficino M 314 said man's mind is infinite 1172 Firmanus, L. Tarutius M 233 astrologer who cast the nativity of Rome

[E - Plutarch Romulus 12] 1518 Firmicus [Maternus] lib. III M 325 says Arabs start year when sun enters Leo 49 Flaccus, Verrius M 18 called history a "tale spread abroad"; wrote fasti

or "annales" 316 Florus M 64 authority on the Rogatio Sempronia 988 Florus cap. LV M 184 Drusus, a tribune, arrests Philip, the consul [E &

F - chapter 45] 1913 Florus epitome in Livium M 371 historian of the Romans Fl. 200 83 Florus (Lucius Annaeus) M 27 his epitome or short history of Rome 1137 Forester (Foresterus) M 224-

225 his interpretation of Plato's numerical theory of the rise and fall of states is wrong

1914 Foxe, John (F - Fox) (L - Jo. Foxius) ecclesiastica historia

M 369 the Englishman, ecclesiastical history from Wycliffe to 1552 Fl. 1555

1395 Fox-Morcillo, [Sebastian] (Foxius) M 309 the world is eternal 370 Freculph M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 1915 Freculph (Fréculphe - F) (Phreculphus - L) epitome

historiarum, ab orbe condito usque ad 550 A.D. M 366 writer of universal history Fl. 560 [830]

173 Froissart M 50 confessed that he received lavish gifts from the English while a prisoner; the accuracy of his history questioned - bias towards the English?

219 Froissart M 54 qualified to judge military matters 279 Froissart M 57 ill-arranged but a mine of information 1916 Froissart M 374 wars of the French and English from 1335 to

1400 (in L & F, E has 1499) Fl. 1420 1142 Funck M 227 and Melanchthon follow Philo's reckoning of the

duration of the Assyrian monarchy 1155 Funck M 228 number of years from Ninus to Arbaces, first

king of the Medes 1159 Funck M 229 488 years' duration of kingdom of Macedonia 1328 Funck M 291 B. does not accept his interpretation of the 4

empires in Daniel 1514 Funck M 324 F., Lucidus and Panvinio on discrepancies

between different chronologies 1569 Funck M 329 on the 430 years in Egypt; perhaps a textual

error 1750 Funck M 350 and Wolf admit the Tusci were a people of Italy

(E has Funck, but Fuchsius in L, Fuchs in F) 66 Funck, Johann M 21 author of a definite scheme of chronology based

on previous chronologers' works 1917 Funck, Johann chronologia M 367 the Prussian, chronology from creation to 1553;

writer of universal history Fl. 1550 1918 Gaguin (L - Guaginus) (F - Guaguin) M 373 history of France to Charles VIII [Fl. 1497] 377 Gaguin, [Robert] M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies


1563 Galatians III M 329 Jews 430 years in Egypt 34 Galen M 8 composed more than 30 books about the method

of his branch of learning 421 Galen M 86 Galen and Polybius wrongly say that the

temperature of the air necessarily affects us (discussion of climate and peoples)

440 Galen M 89 troubled by Hippocrates and Aristotle saying that all in the north have carroty hair

496 Galen M 95 wonders at the report that the Germans plunged newborn babies into icy water

572 Galen M 108 men live longest in the middle region, i.e. Asia Minor; G. did not know Gaul and could not be induced by M. Aurelius to visit it

582 Galen M 109 thought life was made longest "ab optimo temperamento" (by the best tempering)

594 Galen M 113 said no philosopher from Scythia except Anacharsis

615 Galen M 117 right side of world is to the east 678 Galen M 123 erroneous observations on different races 690 Galen M 124 attributes prudence to yellow bile, constancy to

black bile, gladness to the blood and mildness to the phlegm

726 Galen M 132 all the best things found in Asia 769 Galen M 140 sent "tabidos" (consumptives?) to the region of

Tabianus because the climate was suitable 1360 Galen M 304 said Aristotle's proofs of the eternity of the

world are "veri similes non tamen necessarias" 1524 Garcaeus M 325 said wrongly the Jews commenced the year with

the vernal equinox 1543 Garcaeus M 328 said wrongly the Jews used solar years 1158 Garcaeus [Johannes Gartze] M 229 506 years from Saul to the captivity 843 Garimberto M 155 misled by Aristotle's definition of a citizen 888 Garimberto M 165 approved Aristotle's definition of citizen 962 Garimberto M 178 Rome's mixed form of government 835 Garimberto, [Jerome] M 154 on government 1920 Gasser, Achilles (Gassarus - L) epitome

chronicorum mundi M 367 to 1530; writer of universal history

Fl. 1530 1550 Gaurico [Lucas Gauric - F] M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 34 821 Gaza M 152 among list of learned men 451 Gaza, Theodore M 90 translates χαροπ`H as "rufus" or "fulvus" 609 Gaza, Theodore M 116 wise but lacked common prudence and died of

starvation 1544 Gaza, Theodorus lib. de mensibus Atticis M 328 was wrong on months and years 284 Gazius, M. (Gazus - L & F) M 57 full of information, though ill-arranged 855 Gellius M 160 at time of Tiberius municipalities prefer to use

their own customs rather than have Roman citizenship

1664 Gellius M 341 apud Dionysius Halicarnassus? Italy colonized from Greece

51 Gellius, Aulus M 18 definition of diaries or ephemerides [E - Noctes Atticae V. xviii. 8]

320 Gellius, Aulus M 65 his version of the lex Romilia de adulteriis


quoted [E - Noctes Atticae X. 23] 1921 Gemistus, George M 370 continuation of Xenophon to battle of Chaeronea

- based on Plutarch and Diodorus Fl. 1520

1157 Genebrard M 229 499 years from Saul to the captivity 1530 Genebrard M 326 dates the Hegira 621 1568 Genebrard M 329 on the 430 years in Egypt 1511 Genesis cap.VII M 324 Noah in the Ark for a year of 365 days 1922 Gennadius liber de viris illustribus ecclesiasticis M 369 presbyter of Marseilles; historian of Christian

religion Fl. 496 1923 Gerard of Nimwegen (Gerardus Noviomagus)

Batavica historia M 376 history of Netherlands Fl. 1530

1581 Gerson, Rabbi M 330 and Kimhi, 5301 years since creation 1016 Giannotti, Donato M 188-

189 wrote most carefully on the Venetian state

179 Giannotti, Donato M 50 though also a Venetian, cannot tolerate Sabellicus' comparison of the wars of Venice with those of the ancient Romans

1263 Giannotti, Donato M 273 best writer on the Venetian state; doges had the highest power before the establishment of the great council in 1175

1281 Giannotti, Donato M 278 on the hatred of the people of Venice for the Doge Loredan

1269 Gianotti, Donato M 274 pawnshops and interest at Venice ruining the public revenues

1290 Gideon M 280 Gideon, when chosen leader, said: "Non dominabor vestri, nec filius meus, sed dominabitur vestri dominus." [E - Judges 8:23]

1924 Gildas M 377 historian of the Angles (Anglorum) [Fl. 550] 1925 Gilles, Nicholas (Nic. Gilius -L) Annales Francorum M 373 historian of the Franks Fl. 1500 1926 Giraldi, Lilio (L - Lilius Geraldus) (F - Lys Gerald)

de diis omnium gentium M 368 history of paganism Fl. 1550

1779 Glareanus [Heinrich Loriti] M 354 said "Vergobretus" = "summus executor" (Gallic magistrate)

1927 Goes, Damian (Goesius - L) (de Goez - F) de rebus Lusitanorum in India gestis

M 377 historian of the Spanish Fl. 1540 (E - 1510)

298 Gohorry of Paris (Gorraeus Parisiensis) [Jacques Gohorry]

M 60 says the fables of Amadis of Gaul were as true as the history of Paulus Jovius

1088 Golden Bull (Aurea Bulla) M 206ff. on the Holy Roman Empire; Charles IV in the Golden Bull (which is in part repealed) calls princes…

378 Gregory o f Tours M 78 B. says a useful historian in spite of his prodigies and portents

248 Gregory of Tours M 55 qualified to speak on religion 1755 Gregory of Tours M 351 said the Franks were of Trojan origin 1928 Gregory, bishop of Tours M 374 ten books on the Franks from their origin to 600

A.D. Fl. 630 904 Grouchy, Nicholas de (N. Grucchius) M 170 and Charles Sigonius - mistaken ideas on

"imperium" and "potestas" of magistrates, following Festus

8 Guarinus M 3 B. has used Guarinus and Minsingerus (Joachim Münsinger) on the legal practices of the French courts and the Imperial court


358 Guicciardini M 73-74 B's appraisal of him as an historian 227 Guicciardini M 54 qualified to judge civil and military matters 262 Guicciardini M 56 generally agreed to be a good historian 273 Guicciardini M 57 brings out the hidden plans and motives of men 928 Guicciardini M 172 Soderini's comment on G's book - on the subject

of sovereignty 964 Guicciardini M 178 on the new constitution of Florence 1017x Guicciardini M 189 speech of Vespucius at Florence during the

debate on proposed new constitution 1196 Guicciardini M 245 historian of the Florentines 1214 Guicciardini M 253 on the feeling about Queen Isabella succeeding

to the throne 1929 Guicciardini, F. (Guichardin - F) M 372 history of Italy 1494-1536 Fl. 1520 191 Guicciardini, Francesco M 52 a good historian - only rarely takes sides 412 Haemo M 84 "who is called Aimoin incorrectly by our men";

the chronicles ascribed to him are the composite work of various writers, says B.

cr 3 Haemo. See also Aimoin 1232 Hayton M 262 on the extent of the empire of Genghis Khan 381 Hayton [of Armenia] M 78 wrote of the Tartars - more truthful than Marco

Polo, says B. 1930 Hayton of Armenia (Haiton - L) historiae

Tartarorum liber unus M 378 historian of the Tartars Fl. 1290

649 Hebrews ad Hebraeos I. & X M 119 right hand best 1658 Hecataeus apud Strabonem M 341 on the first inhabitants of Greece 1931 Hegesippus M 368 history of the Jews from Maccabees to A.D. 72

Fl. A.D. 130 1932 Hegesippus liber I. de bello Parthico M 370 one book about the Parthian War Fl. 130 404 Hegesippus the Jew M 81 covered the Jewish war in 5 books 1933 Heid, Caspar (Hedio - L) (Hédion - F) M 367 "…Sabellici aenaeades XI. historia, & his

cohaerens synopsis Hedionis."; writer of universal history

1672 Hellanicus M 342 Italy so called because of the size of its cattle 1934 Hellanicus M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by

Plutarch 1506 Hellanicus ap.Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 1935 Helmand chronicon ab orbe condito usque ad sua

tempora M 366 [E - Helinand ?] writer of universal history

Fl. 1066 1936 Helmold, presbyter Sclavorum historia M 375 history of the Slavs from Charlemagne to

Frederick Barbarossa [Fl. 1177] 1937 Henry of Penia (F - Henri Peigne) de bellis inter

Ismaëlem & Selimum gestis M 378 historian of the Turks

599 Heraclitus M 114 called wise men "siccas animas" 743 Heraclitus ap. Plutarch. M 135 God will judge the world by fire 1940 Herman, Count (F - Hermann) de rebus Francorum

usque ad 1525 M 373 historian of the Franks Fl. 1530

1939 Hermanus Contractus Helvetius (F - Hermann le Court) de sex aetatibus usque ad suam autem (sic)

M 366 the Swiss; writer of universal history Fl. 1067

865 Hermogenian M 162 one of the Roman jurists ranging from time of Antonius Pius to Alexander Severus

878 Hermogenianus in l. municipes. ad legem municipalem

M 163 on citizenship


1941 Herodian M 372 history of separate emperors 1942 Herodian M 380 eight books, from the death of M. Aurelius to the

younger Gordian; for individual histories Fl. 200

77 Herodotus M 22 writer on the earliest civilizations 256 Herodotus M 55 criticized by Thucydides, Plutarch and Diodorus

for writing to give pleasure; called 'father of history' by Cicero

387 Herodotus M 79 said the Nervii (or Livones) changed into wolves433 Herodotus M 87 thought the seed of the Ethiopians was black 559 Herodotus M 106 superfoetation of female hare [E -Herodotus

III. 108] 680 Herodotus M 123 erroneous observations on different races 792 Herodotus M 144 Cyrus said soft men born under a soft sky 1109 Herodotus M 214 first rulers judges (as among the Medes) 1144 Herodotus M 227 made Ninus first king of Babylon 1471 Herodotus M 320 heard there was an Egyptian monarchy for

13,000 years 1492 Herodotus M 322 his chronology of Egyptian history 1628 Herodotus M 337 Chaldeans most ancient people 1673 Herodotus M 342 and Timaeus say 'Italus' = 'calf' to the Greeks 1701 Herodotus M 346 placed the Celts at the source of the River Ister

(which he placed in the Pyrenees) 1724 Herodotus M 347 on the spread of the Celts 552 Herodotus lib. III M 106 polygamy among Persians, Carthaginians and

Hebrews 1943 Herodotus of Halicarnassus M 365 history of Greeks, Egyptians, Medes, Persians

and Lydians; writer of universal history Fl. 425 B.C.

1945 Herodotus of Halicarnassus M 370 libri IX on history of the Greeks Fl. 445 B.C. (425 in L & E)

1944 Herodotus of Halicarnassus libri novem historiarum M 369 Fl. 445 B.C. (sic in L & E) 1111 Hesiod M 214 "apud Homerum & Hesiodum, judices, id est

δικασπ`λοι, saepius βασιλεÃH, –νακτεH, κο\ρανοι, melius etiam ποιμXνεH, seu pastores populorum"

1505 Hesiod ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 1503 Hestiaeus ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 453 Hesychius M 90 says χαροπ`H means "caesius" & "flavus" 1780 Hesychius M 355 ÕXδιον = chariot 1494 Hipparchus M 323 one of the sources of Ptolemy's chronology 1540 Hipparchus M 327 astronomer; his year faulty 424 Hippocrates M 86 says men in the north are slender and swarthy 437 Hippocrates M 89 says men in the northland are ugly because pale

and thin 442 Hippocrates M 89 said all in the north have red hair 481 Hippocrates M 94 men of extreme north burned up by the cold as

those of the south are by the heat 484 Hippocrates M 94 did not know the northern regions and applied to

all the peoples living under the Bear charac-teristics applying only to those in the extreme north


488 Hippocrates M 94 thought it impossible for the same man to take both food and drink copiously

499 Hippocrates M 97 on the characteristics of Scythians and mountaineers

531 Hippocrates M 103 says Scythians not fitted for love 532 Hippocrates M 104 "castrationem vocat alibi [i.e. in another

passage] venae cephalicae, quae sub auribus latet, sectionem"

537 Hippocrates M 104 "H. Scythas ventre frigidos esse putat" 539 Hippocrates M 105 says Scythians less capable of love because they

wear breeches and ride a lot 569 Hippocrates M 107 the quartan fever (which is peculiar to

melancholy) once cured does not recur 573 Hippocrates M 108 "omnia pulchriora, majora ac meliora in Asia

nasci" 640 Hippocrates M 118 in the uterus males move to the right 677 Hippocrates M 123 erroneous observations on different races 725 Hippocrates M 132 all the best things found in Asia 764 Hippocrates M 138 said falsely that the changes of seasons in the

mountains produce ferocity and gigantic stature in men

779 Hippocrates M 142 power of waters to change customs 783 Hippocrates M 143 believes one specific temperament in each

quarter of the world 787 Hippocrates M 143 belief that among the Scythians there are no

differences 793 Hippocrates M 145 all species of plants can be domesticated 520 Hirtius M 101 on the Egyptians fighting Caesar - they took over

and improved Roman inventions 1693 Hirtius M 345 2 passages quoted: the excellence of the Gallic

cavalry in the African war and in the Spanish war

1946 Hirtius M 373 continuation of J. Caesar's Gallic War 220 Hirtius (Aulus) M 54 qualified to judge military matters 1235 Holster M 264 a Swede, is B's authority for the right of the

Swedish kings to select as their successor any one of their children

1351 Holster M 300 and Olaus Magnus are examples of talented Goths

44 Homer M 13 his account of Achilles stimulates Alexander the Great

110 Homer M 44 calls Odysseus "prudens" because he had seen cities and the customs of men

456 Homer M 91 Homer and Oppian say a lion's eyes gleam (γλαυκι`ωσι)

612 Homer M 117 right side of world is to the east 844 Homer M 156 describes as •π`λιδεH καÂ •θXμιστοι those

who live under no proper government 1110 Homer M 214 "apud Homerum & Hesiodum, judices, id est

δικασπ`λοι, saepius βασιλεÃH, –νακτεH, κο\ρανοι, melius etiam ποιμXνεH, seu pastores populorum"


1259 Homer M 271 οÛκ •γαθÎν πολυκοιραν\η, εÉH κο\ρανοH §στω εÉH βασιλε×H

1299 Homer M 282 praised monarchy 1454 Homer M 318 calls Crete ©κατ`μπολιH [E - Iliad ΙΙ. 649] 1643a Homer M 338 "Audax, inquit ille, Japeti genus" 1648 Homer M 339 Ion, or as Homer calls him, Iaon, ancestor of the

Ionians 1652 Homer M 339 vagabonds called ¦νετε\οι by Homer and

located in Paphlagonia 1689 Homer M 344 Celtae = equites in Homer and Pindar 1947 Honorius of Autun (Augustodunensis - L) chronicon,

ab orbe condito usque ad sua tempora M 366 writer of universal history Fl. 1120

459 Horace M 91 speaks of "lupam ravam" referring to the eyes not the skin ("ravus" = yellowish grey)

806 Horace M 149 called Capricorn the tyrant of the west - Augustus born under this sign

651 Hostiensis [Henry of Susa] M 119 right hand best 1948 Hugwaldus, Huldreich Mutius de Germanorum

prima origine, moribus, institutis, legibus, & memorabilibus, bello ac pace gestis libri XXXI.

M 374 historian of the Germans Fl. 1551

1949 Hunibald (F - Hunebaud) libri XVIII de Francis M 373 from the Trojan War to the time of Clovis Fl. 500 B.C. [A.D.]

699a Huss, John M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

1393 Iamblichus M 309 the world is eternal 1950 Idacius (Idax - F) chronica M 376 from Theodosius the Great to 400 A.D. Fl. 4101127c Innocent III, Pope M 221 decrees of Popes Alexander III, Urban III and

Innocent III about the marriage of serfs 1104 Innocent III, Pope cap. penult. de consanguin. M 214 "consanguineorum nuptias quarto gradu definiit,

propterea quod in corpore, quatuor sint humores" - Bodin says he was wrong

699m Interimists, the M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

1559 Irenaeus M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 31 1951 Irenaeus, bishop of Lyons adversus gentes liber I M 368 historian of paganism Fl. A.D. 75 [175] 1952 Irenaeus, bishop of Lyons contra haereses libri V M 368 historian of Christian religion Fl. 175 549 Irenicus M 105 a German: mixed bathing still observed in

Germany 1616 Irenicus M 336 biased historian 1953 Irenicus, Franciscus (Helingiacensis - E & L)

(Helingiak - F) Germanicae exegeseos libri XII M 374 writer on German affairs Fl. 1519

1605 Isaac, Rabbi in cap. I. Genes. M 333 accepts Rabbi Elia's prophecy that the world would last 6000 years

480 Isaiah M 93 Ezekiel, Jeremiah, Isaiah prophesied wars, etc. from the north

719 Isaiah M 130 justice comes from the east 1184 Isaiah M 236 on Hezekiah - God prolonged his life when he

prayed and showed him the sun going backwards [E - 38: 8]

1578 Isidore M 330 8171 years since creation 1954 Isidore M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by

Plutarch


813 Isocrates M 152 among list of learned men 1082 Jason [of Mayno] M 205 in the presence of King Louis XII interpreted a

passage of law well explained by Azo (à Zenone L); said all things are the property of the prince

479 Jeremiah M 93 Ezekiel, Jeremiah, Isaiah prophesied wars, etc. from the north

345 Jerome M 70 said "se ante Christi tribunal verberibus caesum esse, quod Ciceronianus esset non Christianus"

402 Jerome M 81 wondered that so much of Greek antiquity was known to a Jewish writer

683 Jerome M 123 all except Jerome agree that the Gauls are fickle 1305 Jerome M 282 praised monarchy 1576 Jerome M 330 6605 years since creation 1956 Jerome M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by

Plutarch 1504 Jerome ap. Josephus M 323 "who collected the ancient history of the

Phoenicians"; reports of men living over 600 years

1955 Jerome (Hieronymus) M 366 writer of universal history; Hieronymus annos adjecit L.[to the chronicon of Eusebius] Fl. 340

65 Jerome [of Cardia] M 21 one of several historians reproached by Dionysius Halicarnassus for his imperfect record of Roman history

1484 Jerome Aegyptius M 321 quoted as authority by Josephus, that fragments of the Ark were still to be found

1774 Jerome, Saint M 353 said the Galatians of Asia Minor spoke the same language as the Treveri (a Gallic tribe)

1957 John of Thurocz (Jo. Turotius -L) (Jean Turotis - F) chronicon Hungariae, libri tres

M 375 for history of Hungary [Fl. 1500]

535 Jordanes M 104 and Olaus call Scythia "hominum officina" 1964 Jordanes (Jornandus - L) (Jornandès - F), bishop of the

Goths libri duo, de bellis Gothorum & Romanorum M 376 writer on the wars of the Goths and the Romans

Fl. 540 1958 Joseph, the Indian navigationes M 379 for history of non-European peoples Fl. 1500 403 Josephus M 81-82 B's appraisal of him as an historian; his books

against Apion the Grammarian show his great knowledge

240 Josephus M 54 qualified to speak on religion 574 Josephus M 108 large size of the Germans 1064 Josephus M 201 said Moses the first lawgiver because Homer

never used the word ν`μοH 1149 Josephus M 227 calculated 200 more years from flood to

overthrow of temple than Philo did 1226 Josephus M 259 Egyptian monarchy lasted barely 1000 years 1298 Josephus M 282 on the number of Jews killed at the fall of

Jerusalem 1337 Josephus M 296 the best interpreter of Daniel 1474 Josephus M 320 his work on chronology 1491 Josephus M 322 his chronology; consulted the oldest Phoenician

records and Manetho 1522 Josephus M 325 says Moses changed no other customs, except

the place of the month Nissan


1595 Josephus M 332 uses the accurate chronology of Phoenician history of Manetho and Dius

1683 Josephus M 344 derives the Gauls from Gomer, the first born of Japhet

1718 Josephus M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1746 Josephus M 349 in the speech of Agrippa to the Jews calls the

Germans by their racial name 1795 Josephus M 359 said the Spanish are descended from Jubal, the

son of Lamech 1483 Josephus adversus Appionem M 321 Apion: fragments of the Ark still to be found 1499 Josephus lib. I. cap. III. antiquitatum M 323 Jewish Antiquities: praised ten historians who

reported men living over 600 years 1519 Josephus lib. I. cap. III. antiquitatum M 325 world created in the autumn 1564 Josephus lib. II. cap.VI M 329 on the 430 years in Egypt 553 Josephus lib. IIII. cap. XVII M 106 polygamy among the Jews 1283 Josephus lib. VI. cap. VI. antiq. M 279 said God hated a kingdom and set up rule of

optimates among the Jews 1572i Josephus lib. X. cap. XII M 330 on Jewish chronology 1297 Josephus lib. XIIII. cap. XVI M 281 on Herod, King Hyrcanus and the Jewish state 1961 Josephus libri duo adversus Appionem

Grammaticum, ac XX. antiquitatum Judaïcarum M 370 Fl. A.D. 99

1469 Josephus duobus libris adversus Appionem M 319- 320

Against Apion - gives a critical list of ancient historians

79 Josephus, (Flavius) in antiquitatibus, & in libris adversus Appionem

M 22-23 his Antiquities and Books against Apion contain more information about neighboring civilizations than the books of many other writers

1959 Josephus, Flavius (L - Josippus) the Jew antiquitates Judaïcae libri XX. & de bello Judaïco libri VII

M 368 historian of the Jews Fl. A.D. 99

1960 Josephus, son of Gorion historia belli Judaïci M 368 written in Hebrew; historian of the Jews Fl. A.D. 99

1525 Josue, Rabbi M 325 said Jewish year started with the vernal equinox 186 Jovius M 52 a bad historian in his taking sides between Selim

and Ishmael the Wise, and between Charles V and Pope Paul

209 Jovius M 54 expresses great disapproval of the cruelties of Selim, prince of the Turks; B. prefers to let the facts appeal to the reader's own judgment

511 Jovius M 100 lynching of George the rebel by Transylvanian soldiers (si vera sunt Polonorum et Jovii chronica)

832 Jovius M 153 says Machiavelli lacked knowledge of the ancient philosophers and historians

1015 Jovius M 188 said Venetian Republic had lasted 800 years 1094 Jovius M 211 wrongly calls the 'constable' of the Carthaginians

"niphates" (properly "munafidus") 1225 Jovius M 258 attacked the French for thinking "divinum

quendam animi vigorem regibus inesse" 119 Jovius, Paul M 45 his excessive praise of Cosimo de' Medici out of

place in an historian 1622 Jovius, Paul M 336 historical bias of 1962 Jovius, Paul M 367 history of almost all the peoples of his time from

1494 - 1540 Fl. 1540


1963 Jovius, Paul M 378 Books 12 - 17, 32 - 37 on the history of the Turks Fl. 1540

297 Jovius, Paulus M 60-61 like Polybius dealt with the general history of his time, but had not Polybius' qualifications and experience nor his integrity; some examples of his mendacity

359 Jovius, Paulus M 74 his ascription of the "morbus gallicus"(syphilis) to the French is denied by Guicciardini, who says it should more properly be called "morbus hispanicus"

1966 Jovius, Paulus lib. XVIII M 379 for history of Ethiopians, Indians, Americans and Africans Fl. 1540

1967 Jovius, Paulus de viris illustribus M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 1540 1965 Jovius, Paulus, of Como (Novocomensis - L) lib I.

de legatione Moschovitarum M 378 historian of the Tartars and Muscovites

Fl. 1540 581 Juba M 109 and Aristotle say elephants live longest 941 Julian in l. & si. de officio eius cui mandata est

jurisdictio M 175 on magistrates and delegation of their powers

[E - Digest 1. 21. 3] 497 Julian Augustus epistola ad Antiochum misopogona M 95 explains the story that the Germans throw their

newborn infants into rivers - he says if bastards they sink, if legitimate swim

595 Julian, Emperor M 113 the Celts did not study philosophy or mathematics, but dialectics and rhetoric

730 Julian, Emperor in libris adversus Christianos M 132 3 & 3 lines on character of Celts, Germans, Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Syrians, Persians, Parthians [E - Against the Galileans, p. 347]

1968 Julius Africanus de temporibus, ab orbe condito usque ad annum Christi CCXX

M 366 [E - up to the year of Christ 320] writer of universal history [Fl. 221]

1720 Jusrin M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 267 Justin M 56 Trogus Pompeius (as we find in Justin)

condemns the invented speeches of Livy and Sallust

294 Justin M 59 his false account of Brennus' Gauls' robbing of the temple at Delphi and their destruction by lightning

330 Justin M 66 authority for portents during battle against the Marcomanni

809 Justin M 151 and Diodorus on events during the 140th Olympiad

1147 Justin M 227 made Ninus first king of Babylon 1238 Justin M 265 and Orosius are B's authorities for early

monarchy in Spain 1639 Justin M 338 debates which is the oldest race 1747 Justin M 349 on the migration of the Gauls at the time of

Tarquinius Priscus 1797 Justin M 360 people of Phocaea fled from the Persian tyranny

to Celtica and founded [Massilia] 1806 Justin M 362 quotes Trogus Pompeius as saying that

Herotinus, king of the Parthians, begot 600 sons1970 Justin M 365 epitome of universal history of Trogus Pompeius

in 44 books 91 Justin (Justinus Frontinus) M 27 author of abridgment of Trogus Pompeius


1971 Justin Martyr apologeticus M 368 historian of Christian religion Fl. A.D. 120 11 Justinian M 4 "XV viri legibus constituendis a Justiniano

creati" - B. says they actually obscured our knowledge of the statutes of the Romans

1204 Justinian cap. de patria postestate M 250 said wrongly that no people gave such power to fathers over their children as the Romans did [E - Inst. 1. 8]

912 Justinian in Institut. M 170 aediles partook of praetorial jurisdiction - "ut est apud Justinianum in Institut."

446 Juvenal M 90 physical characteristics of different races; "Caerula quis stupuit Germani lumina, flavam caesariem, & madido torquentem cornua cirrho" [E - Satires XIII. 164]

596 Juvenal M 113 "Gallia causidicos docuit facunda Britannos." 1582 Kimhi M 330 and Gerson, 5301 years since creation 1799 Kimhi, Rabbi David ad finem Abidiae M 360 in his commentary on Obadja [E], people from

Canaan migrated into Illyricum and Pannonia 1972 Kings M 369 and Chronicles & Esdras; for the history of

Chaldeans, Assyrians, Medes, etc. 1585 Kings lib. 4. Regum M 331 Nabonnassar begins to reign in 12th year of reign

of Ahas, king of the Jews 501 Krantz M 97 on the Scandinavians - will fight in winter but

not summer 385 Krantz, [Albert] M 79 wrote of Nordic peoples 1805 Krantz, Albert M 361 and Procopius report that the Slavs from Scandia

invaded Pannonia in the time of Justinian 1973 Krantz, Albert Saxonum historia M 376 Fl. 1520 1881 Krantz, Albert (L - Crantius) M 375 history of Denmark, Norway and Sweden to year

1504 Fl. 1520 1352 Lactantius M 301 and Augustine said belief in the antipodes was

crazy 1370 Lactantius M 306 and Plutarch refuted the Peripatetics' arguments

about fate and free will 1432 Lactantius M 315 and Leo Hebraeus, etc. on an end to the world 1974 Lactantius Firmianus de falsa religione M 368 and his complete works; historian of paganism

Fl. 320 400 Laertius M 81 a philosophistorian [E - Diogenes Laertius] 1631 Laertius, Diogenes M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people 1975 Laertius, Diogenes de vitis philosophorum, libri X M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 200 229 Lampridius M 54 qualified to speak on affairs at court 353 Lampridius M 71 his unnecessarily detailed description of the

vices of Heliogabalus 910 Lampridius M 170 quotes saying of Emperor Alexander: "Non

patiar mercatores potestatum." 1347 Lampridius M 299 for examples of savagery in past ages 1976 Lampridius M 372 history of separate emperors 1977 Lampridius, Aelius M 380 lives of Didius Julianus, Heliogabalus and

Severus; for individual histories Fl. 300 1688 Lazius M 344 wrongly derives 'Celts' from 'Galatians' 1702 Lazius M 346 used 'Celt' for all the peoples of Germany and

Gaul 1743 Lazius M 349 wrong notions on the Celts


1758 Lazius M 351 said the Franks sprang from the Cimbri or Phrysii

1768 Lazius M 352 said the Celtic language was the same as the Greek

1772 Lazius M 353 said Celtic and German were one language 1788 Lazius M 357 his derivation of "Franci" and "Cimbri" 1710 Lazius in proëmio M 347 on the Germans - first called Tuiscones and

Teutones, then Germani and Alemanni, then Celts and Gauls

1621 Lazius, Wolfgang M 336 historical bias of 1978 Lazius, Wolfgang, of Vienna M 375 history of Austria in four books [Fl. 1550] 1911 Le Feron, (L - Jo. Ferronius) (F - Jean Le Ferron) M 373 histories of the successive kings of France to

Francis [Fl. 1540] 1912 Le Feron, Jean (L - Joan. Feron) (F - Jean Le Ferron)

stemmata [genealogies], cum gestis illustrium familiarum

M 379 in French, only partly published; for history of individuals Fl. 1540

397 Leander [Alberti], Frater M 80 on history and geography of Italy cr 9 Lebrija. See Antonius Nebrissensis 1993 Lemaire, Jean (Meyer - F) Mejeri Belgica historia M 373 historian of the Belgians Fl. 1480 125 Lemaire, Jean (Mejerus - L, Meyer - F) M 45 writer of Belgian affairs - provides antidote to

Comines' excessive praise of Louis XI 236 Leo Africanus M 54 qualified to speak on peoples and regions 282 Leo Africanus M 57 full of information, though ill-arranged 391 Leo Africanus M 79 B. calls him a "geographistorian"; B's appraisal

of his value as an historian 475 Leo Africanus M 92 almost no herds of oxen or horses in Africa and

only a few sheep; ewes give little milk 522 Leo Africanus M 101 tales of cruelty related by him 528 Leo Africanus M 103 many mad men in Africa 544 Leo Africanus M 105 jealousy of the southerners and Carthaginians 565 Leo Africanus M 107 many leper houses in both Mauritanias 603 Leo Africanus M 114 700 temples in Fez 762 Leo Africanus M 137 Carthaginians had only winter and summer 767 Leo Africanus M 140 on distribution of leprosy 770 Leo Africanus M 141 had seen harvest 50 fold in Mauritania 1096 Leo Africanus M 211 says Edegnarus called the 'constable' of the

sultans "diadarius" 1230 Leo Africanus M 261 and William of Tyre are our authorities on the

extent and greatness of the Arabian Empire 1642 Leo Africanus M 338 on early history of the Moslems 1796 Leo Africanus M 360 the Jews have kept very precise genealogies and

histories of their tribes 1980 Leo Africanus descriptionis Africae, libri novem M 378 in Italian and French Fl. 1510 (1500 - E) 1979 Leo Africanus omnium Africae regionum ac

populorum accurata descriptio M 377 "geographistorian" Fl. 1510

1529 Leo Africanus uno loco libri tertii M 326 dates the Hegira acc. to the Christian era 1409 Leo Hebraeus M 311 believes the world always existed along with

God 1431 Leo Hebraeus M 315 and Lactantius; on an end to the world 1442 Leo Hebraeus M 316 on the origin and end of the world 1607 Leo Hebraeus M 333 6000 years of history, 1000 years of quiet,

repeated 7 times, then comes the Great Jubilee


698 Leo, Caesar M 127 only German burned at the stake was Caesar Leo of Bavaria

1981 Leonard, Hubert de origine Francorum liber I M 373 historian of the Franks Fl. 1490 1982 Leonardo of Aretino (F - Léonard Arétin) de bello

Gothorum M 376 an historian of Nordic peoples Fl. 1420

1983 Leonicus M 368 "geographistorian" 1537 Leostratus M 327 astronomer; his cycles of 8 years 123 Leva M 45 his excessive praise of Emperor Charles V out of

place in an historian 1487 Levi, Rabbi ad Genes. cap. IX M 321 on Shem (Cham) uncovering his father's

nakedness 1566 Levi, Rabbi (Gersonis filius) M 329 on the 430 years in Egypt 699d Leyden, [John of] (Leidani) M 127 among many who influenced German religious

thinking 1984 Lily, George chronicon ab Hengisto M 377 Englishman; chronicle from 600 to 1560

Fl. 1560 37 Livy M 10 his account of the wicked and ambitious Manlius

Capitolinus 43 Livy M 12 on Scipio Africanus and his greatness due to his

reading of the Cyropaedia of Xenophon 85 Livy M 27 Roman historian, his work has mostly

disappeared because of the abridgments by Rufus and Florus

130 Livy M 46 wrote the history of the past, using the work of previous historians

151 Livy M 48 Plutarch, Livy, Dionysius, Valerius and Pliny all agree about the recelebration of certain games

212 Livy M 54 qualified to pass judgment on civil matters 285 Livy M 57 his account of the burning of the Capitol in the

social war 288 Livy M 57 his relation of incredible prodigies condemned 290 Livy M 58 page of criticism in detail with several

quotations 583 Livy M 109 on character of Hannibal: great virtues and great

vices 688 Livy M 123 "Syri, Asiatici, Graeci, levissima omnium

genera" 885 Livy M 165 the man born of foreigners is as much a citizen

as he that is born of citizen parents 920 Livy M 171 and Valerius show that praetors could execute

their judgments about the faults of vestals 946 Livy M 177 some phrases quoted: "Senatus decrevit, populus

jussit." "Sub umbra Scipionis [Africani] civitatem dominam orbis terrarum latere: nutus eius pro decretis patrum, pro populi jussis esse."

966 Livy M 179 and Dionysius: after expulsion of the kings, Brutus proposes annual consuls be created by the people

970 Livy M 180 calls the law of Publius Valerius (on the powers of magistrates) "praesidium unicum Romanae libertatis"

971 Livy M 180 "imperium" only to be given by the people, acc. to the "lex Valeria"


982 Livy M 182 quotes a senator as saying: "Per Senatum agi de Campanis, qui cives Romani sunt, iniussu populi non video posse."

1054 Livy M 197 Livy, Aristotle and Polybius give us a few obscure facts on the constitution of Carthage

1114 Livy M 215 and Varro: consul elect called a judge "Omnes Quirites in licium huc visite ad judices."

1248 Livy M 269 "multitudinis eam esse naturam, ut humiliter serviat, aut superbe dominetur."

1262 Livy M 272 says the command of 3 tribunes with consular power was ineffective: unity of command necessary

1646 Livy M 338 and Strabo on the etymology of 'Germanus' 1686 Livy M 344 on the origin of the Adriatic Veneti 1713 Livy M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1727 Livy M 347 on the "Celtiberi" and the "Langobardi" 1737 Livy M 348 on the expansion of the Celts [E - V. xxxiv] 1754 Livy M 351 Gaul prolific in men and sent colonies all

through Europe 1985 Livy M 371 decade IV and fragments of decade V for history

of Greece under the successors of Alexander the Great

976 Livy lib. IIII M 181 war to be declared by the people 992 Livy lib. II M 185 said tribunes were not magistrates 1199 Livy lib. VI M 249 ancient Gauls had kings 914 Livy lib. XL. cap. XLIII M 171 censors could promulgate edicts 986 Livy lib. XLIII (XLIV - E) M 184 on Tiberius Gracchus 1732 Livy lib. XLVIII M 348 Gauls invade Gallia Togata 1744 Livy lib. XLVIII. M 349 spread of the Gauls 859 Livy lib. XXIIII M 161 colonists of Puteoli, Salerno and Buxentum

judged not to be Roman citizens 950 Livy lib. XXV M 177 and Valerius - on powers of magistrates 987 Livy libro IX. idem libro II

M 184 a "tribunus plebis" arrests Appius, the censor;

on a clash between a consul and a tribune 620 Livy libro primo M 117 "Augur dextras ad Meridiem partes, laevas ad

Septentrionem." 269 Livy libro uno & quadragesimo M 56 in forty-first book says he has decided to write

nothing but the history of the Romans - yet he filled his books with invented speeches

1986 Livy, T. M 372 historian of the Romans, from the founding of the City to Augustus, 45 books extant out of 144 Fl. 35 B.C. (120 B.C. - E)

292 Livy, Titus M 59 his false account of the destruction of Brennus' Gauls after the sack of Rome

1124 Lombards, laws of the M 221 liber legum Caroli magni & libri legum Longobardorum are still extant

cr 6 Loriti, Heinrich. See Glareanus 931 Lothair M 173 Emperor Henry VII at Bologna decides dispute

between Lothair and Azo on subject of sovereignty

1987 Louis of Rome navigationum Aethiopiae, Aegypti, utriusque Arabiae, intra & extra Gangem libri VII

M 379 Fl. 1515


143 Louis the Roman (Louis Barthema or Varthema) M 47 used all available sources in compiling his histories

1988 Lübeck, chronicles of Lubeci chronicorum libri V M 376 among histories of various Germanic peoples 443 Lucan M 89 "Fundit ab extremo flavos Aquilone Suëvos"; on

the color of hair in different races [E - Pharsalia II. 51]

628 Lucan M 118 left and right side of the earth; "Umbras mirati non amplius ire sinistras."

1684 Lucan M 344 says the Arverni are brothers of the Romans and from the blood of Ilium

1771 Lucian (Lucianus) M 353 said he'd heard a Gaul skilled in Greek discussing the statue of the Celtic Hercules

1152 Lucidus M 228 Christ born in year 3990 as against Philo's 3993 1327 Lucidus M 291 B. does not accept his interpretation of the 4

empires in Daniel 1513 Lucidus M 324 L., Funck and Panvinio on discrepancies

between different chronologies 1546 Lucidus M 329 date of the Crucifixion; L. started the

controversy 1554 Lucidus M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 33 69 Lucidus (Johannes Lucidus Samotheus) M 22 his work on chronology 1418 Lucretius M 312 on the end of the world: "Una dies dabit exitio,

multosque per annos sustentata ruet moles & machina mundi."

1618 Lupold, bishop of Bamberg M 336 historical bias of 1989 Lupold, bishop of Bamberg (Léopold - F) de veterum

principum Germanorum erga religionem zelo M 375 writer on German affairs Fl. 1340

699b Luther (Martinus - L) M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

798 Luther, Martin M 146 Musculus, Martin [Luther] and Erasmus wrote very many books

71 Luther, Martin (Martinus - L) M 22 his work on chronology 1324 Luther, Martin (Martinus - L) M 291 his interpretation of the 4 empires of Daniel not

accepted by Bodin 1990 Luther, Martin, the Saxon M 367 writer of universal history; L - series annorum

usque ad suam aetatem; F - Suite des années Fl. 1519

28 Lycurgus M 7 Solon and Lycurgus travelled widely to compare systems of law

584 Machiavelli M 109- 110

wrongly said men cannot go to the extremes of wickedness (gives example of Paul Baglioni, tyrant of Perugia); gives conflicting accounts of the character of different races

998 Machiavelli M 186- 187

said wrongly only one king at Sparta

232 Machiavelli M 54 qualified to speak on affairs at court 275 Machiavelli M 57 brings out the hidden plans and motives of men 665 Machiavelli M 121 wanted the best general, not the best soldier,

chosen for Italy 794 Machiavelli M 145 chided the Italians for importing German

surveyors 831 Machiavelli M 153 wrote on government 959 Machiavelli M 178 Rome's mixed form of government


959a Machiavelli M 185 Rome's mixed form of government 1097 Machiavelli M 211 says absurdly French chancellor has unlimited

power of life and death 1194 Machiavelli M 245 historian of the Florentines 1197 Machiavelli M 248 popular uprising at Florence 1494 1221 Machiavelli M 256 says wrongly that our king [i.e. of France] is lord

of our treasury 1254 Machiavelli M 270 praised popular rule 1266 Machiavelli M 273 & Contarini, Manutius, etc. say Venetian state is

the most outstanding 1312 Machiavelli M 286 on the royal family of the Turks 1242 Machiavelli, N. in Principis institutione &

ad Livium. lib. III M 267 says popular form of government is best

1991 Machiavelli, Niccolò M 372 Florentine history 1215-1484 Fl. 1500 636 Macrobius lib. VII. cap. IIII. Saturnal. M 118 right hand is stronger than the left 252 Magdeburg Centuries, the writers of the M 55 qualified to speak on religious matters 1992 Magdeburgica, historia M 369 twelve centuries, from birth of Christ to year

1200; history of the Christian religion 745 Maggi, Jerome (Magianus) M 135 fire will not fall from the sky but burst from the

earth 1291 Maimonides lib. III. cap. XLVII. perplexorum M 280 Jews forbidden to build a temple until they had a

king 1637 Maimonides, Moses lib. III. cap. XXX. perplexorum M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people 1342 Manetho M 297 Hercules was a great pirate 1464 Manetho M 319 only in fragments, maybe spurious 1490 Manetho M 322 his chronology 1596 Manetho M 332 his accurate chronology of Phoenician history

used by Josephus 1500 Manetho ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 1994 Manetho (sacerdos Aegyptius) M 370 Fragments, about the kings of almost all peoples

Fl. 330 B.C. [250] 33 Mangones M 7 Mango, a lawyer of B's time [Claude Mangot

acc. to F] 963a Manutius M 185 Rome's mixed form of government 1014 Manutius M 188 said wrongly Venetian constitution had lasted for

1120 years 1265 Manutius M 273 & Contarini, Machiavelli, etc. say Venetian state

is the most outstanding 963 Manutius, [Paul] M 178 Rome's mixed form of government 319 Manutius, P. M 65 criticized by Cujas for his interpretation of the

lex Romilia de adulteriis 1600 Marcellinus (not Ammianus) M 333 a count in reign of Justinian, started a

chronology 1130 AUC; "the other Marcellinus, a count…"

1997 Marcellinus, Count historia ab Eusebii temporibus usque ad annum Christi 500

M 369 historian of the Christian religion Fl. 700

866 Marcellus M 162 one of Roman jurists ranging from time of Antonius Pius to Alexander Severus

349 Marcellus, the jurisconsult M 70 on a prostitute: "meretricem turpiter facere quod sit meretrix; non tamen turpiter accipere cum sit meretrix"

332 Marcus Aurelius M 66 in his letter to the senate on the portents during


the battle against the Marcomanni 1834 Marcus Aurelius a se conscripta vita, libris XII M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 170 1998 Maria Aragonensis historia M 377 a Sicilian; history of Spain; F - Histoire de Marie

de Sicile et d'Aragon 1153 Maria, Joseph (Jo. Maria - L, Jean Marie - F) M 228 Christ born in 3999th year [of world] 372 Marianus [Scotus] M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 2000 Marianus Fuldensis Scotus (F - Marian de Fulda)

chronicon M 366 from creation to his own time; writer of

universal history Fl. 1088 1556 Marianus Scotus M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 33 1390 Marinus M 309 the world is eternal 646 Mark Marci XII M 119 right hand best 98 Marsilio (Ficino) M 34 attributed to Plato also Varro's definition of

man's "bonum" or 'good' as a mixture of action and contemplation

645 Matthew Math. XXII. XXV. & XXVI M 119 right hand best 1999 Matthias of Miechow (Mathieu Miechowitza - F)

(Mathias Michaeus - L) de Sarmatia Asiana atque Europaea libri II

M 378 history of Tartars and Muscovites treated briefly

2003 Megasthenes (E & L) M 370 wrote consecutive Greek histories, as may be seen in Plutarch, not extant

2001 Megasthenes (Metasthenes - L & F) M 365 says Berosus' universal history ended with Sardanapalus (year of the world 3130)

137 Megasthenes (Metasthenes) M 46-47 used all available sources in compiling his histories, e.g. had read the public records of the Persians

76 Megasthenes (Metasthenes) M 22 writer on the earliest civilizations 149 Megasthenes (Metasthenes) M 47 royal records not to be relied on so much as

priestly ones and gives example of Berosus, who compiled the history of the Assyrians from ancient annals

1481 Megasthenes (Metasthenes) M 321 324 330

his chronology, based on the complete works of Berosus, the Chaldean

1627 Megasthenes (Metasthenes) M 337 Chaldeans most ancient people 2002 Megasthenes, the Persian (Metasthenes - L & F) de

judicio temporum & annalium Persarum liber M 370 historian of the Persians Fl. 330 B.C.

1465 Megasthenes, the Persian (Metasthenes) (Persa -L) M 319 only in fragments, perhaps spurious 1141 Melanchthon M 227 and Funck follow Philo's reckoning of the

duration of the Assyrian monarchy 1285 Melanchthon M 279 interprets wrongly the words of Samuel about

kingdoms [E - I Samuel 10:18] 1325 Melanchthon M 291 B. does not accept his interpretation of the 4

empires in Daniel 74 Melanchthon, Philip M 22 "we shall run through the history of Carion, or

rather, of Melanchthon" [i.e.Melanchthon edited Carion's work on chronology]

1332 Melanchthon, Philip M 292 his definition of a monarchy - could not be applied to Germany

1372 Melanchthon, Philip M 306 307

on the creation - can something be created out of nothing?

1459 Melanchthon, Philip M 318 319

verifies theory that the sun's apsis is nearer to the earth than formerly and gives reasons

1567 Melanchthon, Philip M 329 on the 430 years in Egypt; Jews say 210 years


1651 Melanchthon, Philip M 339 wrong etymology of Nimrod = cruel ruler ditto of Misrim = insurgent

1655 Melanchthon, Philip M 340 various etymologies of; B. criticizes one of his derivatives

2005 Melanchthon, Philip M 367 writer of universal history; chronicle in three books, largely taken from Carion, up to Charles the Great (continued by Gaspar Peucer) Fl. 1540

2006 Mennon M 369 fragments of Ctesias, Agatharchides and Mennon on the kings of Persia and Assyria

1528 Mercator M 325 said wrongly world born when sun in Leo 2007 Mercator chronologia M 367 writer of universal history Fl. 1570 373 Merlin [Caledonius] M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 533 Methodius M 104 and Paulus Diaconus on the swarms of armies

which came out of Scythia 1495 Meton M 323 one of the sources of Ptolemy's chronology 1538 Meton M 327 astronomer; his golden rule of 19 years 167 Metrodorus M 49 Posidonius, Eratosthenes and Metrodorus

reproached by Strabo for uncritical acceptance of rumors

1425 Metrodorus M 313 Proclus argues against his ideas on infinity and the world

1782 Metrodorus M 355 River Po or Padus from "picea" or pitch pine 1485 Mnaseas, the Damascene (Manassaea) M 321 quoted as authority by Josephus, that fragments

of the Ark were still to be found 2008 Mochus M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by

Plutarch 1502 Mochus ap. Josephus M 323 reports of men living over 600 years 867 Modestinus M 162 one of Roman jurists ranging from time of

Antonius Pius to Alexander Severus 893 Modestinus in l. non dubito. de captivis M 167 "majestatem populi Romani comiter conservare"cr 7 Molinaeus. See Du Moulin 278 Monstrelet, Enguerrand de M 57 ill-arranged but a mine of information 2009 Monstrelet, Enguerrand de M 374 history of the years from 1400 (end of Froissart's

chronicle ) to Louis XII Fl. 1500 [1450] 2010 Montisferati (series principum) M 380 autore incerto; genealogy of the princes of

Montferrat 961 More, Thomas M 178 Rome's mixed form of government 41 Moses M 11 "So Moses, in one chapter of the law, says you

will tell these things to your sons...even if empires, states, and cities perish, this story nevertheless abides forever." (i.e. importance of history)

564 Moses M 107 "omnium antiquissimus scriptor"; made many laws about lepers

623 Moses M 118 the left side of the sanctuary towards the south 1060 Moses M 200 chooses senate of 71 1116 Moses M 215 on the giants and Nimrod - reduced nations to

slavery 1162 Moses M 230 number of years for the great Jubilee

[E - Leviticus 25: 8] 1206 Moses M 251 Hebraic Law: father's power of life and death


1315 Moses M 288 uses words σκηνοπηγ\α & magnum pasach, quod Graeci corrupte πVσχα dixerunt, for common meals

1340 Moses M 297 called Nimrod a mighty hunter, "robustus venator"

2011 Moses originum liber ab orbe condito M 365 writer of universal history Fl. 1519 B.C. 1367 Moses Aegyptius M 306 noticed Aristotle gave God free will in words,

but actually subjected him to fate 1405 Moses Aegyptius M 311 Hebrew word for God which Moses Aegyptius

interprets as "He who is content in Himself" 1408 Moses Aegyptius M 311 said many Jews believed the world always

existed along with God 1438 Moses Aegyptius M 316 God cares for no individuals except immortal

man 1440 Moses Aegyptius M 316 and Augustine: evil = absence of good 1385 Moses Aegyptius M 308

309 separated time from eternity

1354 Moses Aegyptius, Rabbi M 303 violation of Sabbath calls in doubt the creation of the world

1361 Moses Aegyptius, Rabbi M 304 "is qui dubiorum interpres usurpatur" said Aristotle's arguments on the world being eternal are those of a logician, not a physicist or geometrist

1295 Moses Maymo lib. III. perplexorum cap. postremo M 280 says the senate had the power of the sword 9 Münsinger, Joachim M 3 B. has used Guarinus and Minsingerus on the

legal practices of the French courts and the Imperial court (Curia)

607 Munster M 115 in our time, on the Germans - their violent character

695 Munster M 126 Greenlanders changeable in disposition; Ziegler and Munster on Icelanders' conversion to Christianity

1468 Munster M 319 thinks wrongly Josephus, son of Mathatias, was the same as Josephus, son of Gorion

2012 Munster cosmographia M 368 history and geography combined Fl. 1540 2013 Munster cosmographia, vel potius Germanographia M 375 historian of the Germans Fl. 1550 524 Munster in Coloniae descriptione M 102 torture of breaking on the wheel originated in

Germany 548 Munster in descriptione Badensi M 105 on mixed bathing among the Germans 398 Munster, [Sebastian] M 80 on history and geography of Germany 797 Musculus [Wolfgang Mäusslin] M 146 and Martin [Luther] and Erasmus wrote very

great number of books 895 Mutius, Leander M 167 on obligations of allied states (viz. the Swiss

states & France) 1561 Nasso, Rabbi M 329 Talmudist; hated to agree with the Christians

even on chronology; calls Christ <Hebrew word> and the Christians <Hebrew word>

1580 Nasso, Rabbi M 330 5172 years since creation 2014 Nauclerus, Jo., of Tübingen (Jean Nauclerc - F)

chronica M 367 from creation to 1500 A.D.; writer of universal

history 371 Nauclerus, Johannes (Vergenhanns) M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies cr 8 Nebrissensis. See Antonius Nebrissensis


2015 Nepos, Cornelius M 370 translated from Greek into Latin the 6 books de bello Trojano of Dares of Phrygia

2016 Nepos, Cornelius de viris illustribus LXXVII M 379 this book is attributed either to Cornelius Nepos or Plinius junior [Fl. 60 B.C.]

845 Neratius, Priscus l. Neratius. de verb. signific. M 157 should be three persons in a guild "…ut Neratio placet, in l. Neratius. de verb. signific." [E - Digest 50. 16. 85]

1709 Neuenar (Nuenarius) M 346 claimed the Germans were the true Celts and vilified the Gauls

1617 Neuenar, Hermann von M 336 historical bias of 2017 New Testament, the M 368 source for history of Christian religion 245 Nicephorus Calistus M 54-55 qualified to speak on religion 1860 Nicephorus Calistus ecclesiastica historia M 369 from Christ to Heraclius; historian of Christian

religion Fl. 1100 362 Nicephorus Callistus M 77 full of stories of prodigies 364 Nicephorus Gregoras M 77 delighted in stories of prodigies 2018 Nicephorus Gregoras M 371 historian of the Greeks; history of 145 years

from Theodore Lascaris to Andronicus Palaeologue the Younger; later Greek history Fl. 1280

1549 Nicetas M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 34 2019 Nicetas Acominatus (F - Aconinatus) of Chone (L -

Choniata) (F - de Choniate) M 371 history of 86 years following the end of Zonaras'

history (i.e. to 1203) Fl. 1480 (E - 1460) 1555 Nicholas of Lyra M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 33 350 Nicolaus of Damascus M 70 thought that Jerusalem (Êερ`συλα) was

παρὰ τ@Ø Êερὰ συλεÃν 2020 Nicolaus of Damascus M 370 among Greek historians not extant quoted by

Plutarch 1169 Nigidius [Figulus] M 232-

233 a good man should try not to say untruths knowingly - a prudent man should take care that no lie escape him -"hoc est ne ignoranter falsum enuntiet"

1293 Numbers cap. XI M 280 Moses, in creating the senate, reserved for himself the judgment of the more important cases

536 Olaus M 104 and Jordanes call Scythia "hominum officina" 635 Olaus M 118 and Saxo Grammaticus: demons and sorcerers

plentiful in the north 740 Olaus in Gothiae descriptione M 134 on volcanoes 1803 Olaus [Magnus] M 361 on the many tribes of Scythians who migrated

southwards: Getae, Alani, Heruli, Huns, Turcilingui, Winuli, Rugii and Sueci

386 Olaus [Magnus] (Olaf MDnson) M 79 archbishop of Upsala, wrote of the northern peoples

1350 Olaus Magnus M 300 and Holster are examples of talented Goths 2021 Olaus Magnus de rebus Gothorum libri XXII M 375 Gothus Princeps ac pontifex Christianus

Fl. 1530 146 Onesicritus M 47 quotes his own firsthand information gathered in

Egypt and India 449 Oppian M 90 calls the sea λ χVροπ¬ν 457 Oppian M 91 Homer and Oppian say a lion's eyes gleam

(γλαυκι`ωσι)


436 Oppian in libris de venatione M 87 says he has seen black lions 2117 Ordinatio politiae Turcarum incerti autoris M 378 among the histories of the Turks 1362 Origen M 304 and Avicenna, etc. oppose Aristotle's proofs that

the world is eternal 1406 Origen lib. περÂ •ρχäν M 311 said God created an infinite succession of worlds2023 Origen liber de martyribus M 368 historian of Christian religion Fl. 260 246 Orosius M 55 qualified to speak on religion 329 Orosius M 66 authority for portents during battle against the

Marcomanni 348 Orosius M 70 called Tacitus a flatterer (adulator) 1239 Orosius M 265 and Justin are B's authorities for the early history

of Spain 2024 Orosius, Paul libri VII adversus Paganos M 368 historian of paganism Fl. 415 (F & E - 1515) 699g Osiander [Andreas] M 127 among many who influenced German religious

thinking 2025 Otto of Freising (Frinsingensis - L) (Othon de

Frisingen - F) de gestis Friderici Aenobarbi (Barbarossa)

M 380 for history of individual men

148 Palaephatus M 47 often says "καÂ ºμεÃH ¦θεασVμεθα" (i.e. I have firsthand evidence)

2026 Palmerius Florentinus (Palmieri - E & F) M 366 writer of universal history; added 1040 years [to the chronicon of Eusebius]

2027 Palmerius Pisanus (Palmieri - E & F) M 366 writer of universal history; added 30 years [to the chronicon of Eusebius]

1410 Panaetius M 312 world has beginning but no end 2028 Pandulph Collenuccio (L - Pandulphus) (F-Pandolphe)

de regno Neapolis, ab Augusto usque ad Carolum V. Imp.

M 373 historian of Italian affairs Fl. 1540

1129 Panormitanus M 222 on absence of slavery by time of Bartolus 653 Panormitanus, [Nicolas Tedeschi] Panorm. in cap.

solitae. de majoritate & obedient. M 119 right hand best

1560 Panvinio in fastis M 329 date and year of the Crucifixion 868 Panvinio (Onuphrius) M 162 on the "lex Antonini Pii de statu hominum"

Panvinio wrongly thought this law was promulgated by Antoninus Caracalla, as Authentics LXXVIII makes plain

1156 Panvinio (Onuphrius) M 228 "studiosissimus Romanae antiquitatis" - 496 years from Constantine the Great to Charlemagne

1329 Panvinio (Onuphrius) M 291 B. does not accept his interpretation of the 4 empires in Daniel

1515 Panvinio (Onuphrius) M 324 Lucidus, Funck and Panvinio on discrepancies between different chronologies

2022 Panvinio (Onuphrius) M 371 and Charles Sigonius restored the Fasti Consulares

1165 Panvinio (Onuphrius) in fastis M 231 Goths ruled for 77 years 341a Panvinio, Onuphrius M 68 highest acclaim for explaining Roman fasti and

antiquities 14 Pape, Guy (Guido) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 863 Papinian M 162 one of Roman jurists ranging from time of

Antonius Pius to Alexander Severus 937 Papinian M 174 P., Ulpian and the ancient jurisconsults on the


powers of a magistrate 2030 Paradinus, Gulielmus M 374 history of the years subsequent [to the history of

Galleazzo Capella] to the year 1555 Fl. 1555

2029 Paradinus, Gulielmus de antiquo statu Burgundiae liber I

M 374 historian of Celts and Gauls Fl. 1555

217 Paterculus, Velleius M 54 qualified to pass judgment on military matters 312 Paterculus, Velleius M 64 authority on the Rogatio Sempronia 355 Paterculus, Velleius M 72 B's appraisal of him as an historian 399 Paterculus, Velleius M 81 says Homer's greatness is all the more, seeing

that he had no one to imitate 2126 Paterculus, Velleius M 371 proconsul, two books on Roman history

Fl. 210 [30] 833 Patrizzi, Francesco M 154 on government 864 Paul M 162 one of Roman jurists ranging from time of

Antonius Pius to Alexander Severus 1557 Paul of Burgos M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 33 331 Paul the Deacon M 66 authority for portents during battle against the

Marcomanni 906 Paul the Jurisconsult (Paulus I. C.) M 170 on "potestas" and "imperium" of a magistrate 875 Paul, [St.] M 163 "Will the foot say I am not the eye, therefore I

am not of the body?" [L says Augustinus] 1185 Paul, [St.] M 236 on the prophecy of Elia - time sometimes hastens1336 Paul, [St.] M 296 the Rock = Christ [E - I Corinthians 10:14] 1074 Paul, Roman jurist M 203 2 lines of Latin quoted; princes are bound to

protect the laws, morally if not legally 534 Paulus Diaconus M 104 Methodius and Paulus Diaconus on the swarms

of armies that came out of Scythia 1163 Paulus Diaconus M 230 length of Lombard rule 2031 Paulus the Deacon (Diaconus) de rebus

Langobardorum libri VI M 376 chancellor of King Desiderius Fl. 780

80 Pausanias M 24 has described with a fair degree of accuracy the separate states of the Greeks

394 Pausanias M 79 B. calls him a "geographistorian" 1190 Pausanias M 239 gave accounts of the rise and fall of various

small Greek states 1275 Pausanias M 277 and Aristotle give examples of foreigners

gaining control of a city and driving out the original inhabitants, e.g. at Troezen, Zancle and Amphipolis

1656 Pausanias M 341 and Strabo said all Greeks either Ionians, Aeolians or Dorians

1722 Pausanias M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1738 Pausanias M 349 spread of Celts into Pannonia and Greece 1781 Pausanias M 355 says Celts call a horse 'marc' 1791x Pausanias M 358 traced German words to Celtic sources 1800 Pausanias M 360 and Strabo are full of examples of migrations to

escape from oppression 1045 Pausanias in Atticis M 195 jurisdiction of the ephetae at Athens 2032 Pausanias of Caesarea, grammaticus M 367 universal "geographistorian"; affairs of Attica,

Corinthiaca, Laconica, Messeniaca, Elea, Achaica, Arcadica, Baeotia, Phocensia


Fl. A.D. 140 1681 Perionius [Joachim Périon] M 344 Bovillus, Picartus and Perionius derived many

French words from Greek 1289 Peter Martyr M 280 wrote that aristocracy started among the Jews

when Othoniel was appointed leader by the senators

2033 Peter of Medina (Petrus Medimna - L) (de Médine - F) de rebus memorabilibus Hispaniae

M 377 in Spanish (d. 1567 -E)

2034 Petrarch, Francis de viris illustribus M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 1374 1752 Peucer M 350 interprets the German tribe of 'Ingevones,'

mentioned by Pliny, as 'indigenous' 2035 Peucer, Gaspar M 367 chronicle from Charlemagne (where Philip

Melanchthon left off) to his own age; writer of universal history Fl. 1550

1703 Peutinger M 346 used 'Celt' for all the peoples of Germany and Gaul

1615 Peutinger, Conrad M 336 biased historian 1087 Pflug, Julius (Flugus) M 207-

208 a German bishop; complains that the emperor has less power than the princes

1308 Pflug, Julius (Julius Flugus) M 284 and Aemilius on relationship of counts and kings in early France

114 Philinus M 44 according to Polybius favored the Carthaginians in his account of the Punic War [E - Polybius The Histories I. 14, 15]

2036 Philip of Bergamo M 367 history from the creation to 1503 Fl. 1515 2037 Philip of Bergamo de claris mulieribus M 379 and Plutarch; for history of individuals

Fl. 120 105 Philo M 38 calls the supreme good rectitude and integrity in

plan, word and deed 239 Philo M 54 qualified to speak on religion 610 Philo M 116 praised Moses for being at once general,

legislator and prophet 624 Philo M 118 left and right side of the earth 1140 Philo M 227 on the duration of the monarchy of the Assyrians

from King Ninus to Alexander the Great 1148 Philo M 227 1717 years from the flood to the overthrow of

the temple 1151 Philo M 228 Christ born in year 3993 [of the world] 1397 Philo M 309 and Plutarch refute those who think Plato was

speaking only hypothetically when he said the world is not eternal

1415 Philo M 312 world has beginning but no end 1434 Philo M 315 in libro quem inscribit mundum non esse

interiturum., says Theophrastus was worried because if parts of the world can perish the whole ought also to be able to perish

1437 Philo M 316 God is the author of order, so he will not suffer the world to perish

1530x Philo M 326 “those who follow Philo” add extra years to Jewish calendar

1565 Philo M 329 on the 430 years in Egypt 1571 Philo M 330 chronology of Jewish history 1632 Philo M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people


2038 Philo de vita Mosis M 380 for history of individual men 1476 Philo (Judaeus) M 320 his chronology 2039 Philo Hebraeus de temporibus libri duo, ab orbe

condito usque ad Tiberium M 366 writer of universal history Fl. A.D. 38

401 Philo Judaeus M 81 B. thinks ancients had a preference for Philo as opposed to Plato

2040 Philo Judaeus M 368 all his writings; called a "philosophistoricus" Fl. A.D. 38

1284 Philo Judaeus in libro de creatione Principis M 279 said God established the rule of a single prince 1371 Philoponus M 306 on the creation 1377 Philoponus M 308 on form and creation; argues against Aristotle 1398 Philoponus M 309 refuted Proclus in 18 books - on the creation 1443 Philoponus M 317 heavens built up from fire and water 120 Philostratus M 45 his excessive praise of Apollonius out of place in

an historian 159 Philostratus M 48 believed in the swan song 2041 Philostratus M 370 among Greek historians, not extant, quoted by

Plutarch 2042 Philostratus libri VIII de vita Apolonii Thianaei M 380 for history of individual men 72 Phrygio (Paul Constant Seidenstücker) M 22 his work on chronology 2043 Phrygio, Paul Constantine chronicon M 367 from creation to 1523; writer of universal history

Fl. 1540 176 Phylarchus M 50 Greek historian criticized by Polybius for

concealing the bravery of the Megalopolitans in the war against Aristomachus

199 Phylarchus M 53 chided by Polybius for omitting a eulogy of each hero

1680 Picard (Picartus) M 344 Bovillus, Picartus and Perionius derived many French words from Greek

633 Pico della Mirandola M 118 few demons in the south 741 Pico della Mirandola M 135 "Qui cognoverit proprietatem Aquilonis [north

wind], intelliget cur Deus mundum judicabit per ignem."

823 Pico della Mirandola M 152 among list of learned men 1381 Pico della Mirandola lib. VI. de vanitate gentium M 308 laughs at Aristotle's problem about time (libro

IV. de natura) [E - Investigation of the Vanity of Pagan Teaching, by the nephew of the more famous Giovanni Pico della Mirandola]

1660 Pindar M 341 calls his poem written in Doric •ιολ\δα μολπ¬ν1690 Pindar M 344 Celtae = equites in Homer and Pindar 1663 Piso M 341 apud Dionysius Halicarnassus? Italy colonized

from Greece 2045 Platina de vitis Pontificum Rom. a Petro usque ad

Sixtum (i.e. 1472) M 380 for history of individuals Fl. 1480

716 Plato M 129- 130

and Aristotle said "ira" given to men for purposes of revenge

1 Plato M 2 to establish laws for a state: wise men to compare the laws of all other states

4 Plato M 3 B. appreciates Plato's saying: "nihil difficilius ac divinius quam recte partiri" (separate, analyze)

26 Plato M 7 wrote "de sanandis populis et conformandis legibus"


38 Plato M 10 if the mind of the wicked could be seen, it would be observed to be covered with the marks of the tortures the wicked man has inflicted on others [E - Gorgias 525]

46 Plato M 13 his distinction between history (true) and poetry (false)

106 Plato M 38 taught that each man develops justice in himself first

156 Plato M 48 on the song of the dying swan 299 Plato M 60 allows the magistrates to invent falsehoods on

behalf of the state 466 Plato M 91 Scythians' eyes are "glauci" "id est, ut Plato

voluit, caeruleus albacans" 505 Plato M 98 the Romans combined gymnastics with music, ut

Plato voluit 585 Plato M 110 great talents usually have great virtues or great

vices 593 Plato M 112 said Mars and Vulcan discovered the arts 611 Plato M 117 in his Republic - comparison of a republic with a

body; "Either kings should be philosophers, or philosophers should reign"

614 Plato M 117 right side of world is to the east 664 Plato M 121 his analogy between parts of the body and parts

of the state - B. criticizes it 702 Plato M 128 and Xenophon permit magistrates to lie for good

of state 712 Plato M 129 praises Dorian mode 768 Plato M 140 thanked the gods he was an Athenian, not a

Theban 824 Plato M 153 advocated comparative study of laws of all

countries 873 Plato M 163 3 classes in society - guardians, soldiers and

farmers 1030 Plato M 192 city of 5,040 the best 1058 Plato M 200 wanted annual senate of 180 1066 Plato M 202 magistrate superior to the law is a sure sign of

degeneration in a state 1118 Plato M 216 first Plato, then Polybius and Cicero said there

was an inevitable progression from monarchy to democracy and aristocracy

1133 Plato M 223 bases rise and fall of empires on power of numbers

1223 Plato M 258 in Republic and Laws: succession of eldest sons to estate to avoid division of lands

1246 Plato M 268 P's error: "imperio populari constituto, perniciosam aequationem invexit" - then compounded by Academici from his school

1255 Plato M 270 the powers Plato gave to the people in his state 1268 Plato M 274 called the Spartans brave and moderate, yet

unjust 1274 Plato M 276 excessive number of doctors and magistrates

sign of rottenness in a state 1313 Plato M 286 wished states to be ruled acc. to geometric ratio


1316 Plato M 288 uses word συμπ`σια for 'common meals' 1318 Plato M 288 "As are the princes in a state, so will be the

citizens." 1402 Plato M 311 called the wise man αÛτοδα\μονα 1407 Plato M 311 feared that if the race of men perished God

would languish because of the loss of men's praises

108 Plato extremo libro de legibus M 39 in last book of the Laws measures all activities by virtue and all virtues by prudence

1136 Plato in illa Republica M 223 in his Republic - imagined he had provided against every possible source of decay in his state

1256 Plato in libro de ente & uno M 271 in the book about entity and unity, P. said unity is most to be praised

1446 Plato in Menexeno ac Timaeo M 317 on the rebirth of souls - a cycle of birth and death

1364 Plato in Phaedro ac Timeo M 304- 305

things created must have an end [E - Phaedrus 245 D and Timaeus 41 A, B]

1247 Plato in Republica M 268- 269

forbade equality of possessions for his 4 classes of citizens

1470 Plato in Timaeo M 320 the Egyptians had the history of 8000 years hidden in records; Josephus adversus Appionem says this is not true

1105 Plato lib. V. de Repub. M 214 forbids only marriage of parents and children [E - Republic V. 9]

1113 Plato lib. V. de Repub. M 215 (1½ lines of Greek): δικαιοσbνην τε καÂ δ\καιον ἄλλ`τριον τè Ðντι τοØ κρε\ττονοH τε καÂ ἄρχοντοH ξbμφερον

423 Plato libro quinto de legibus M 86 in Book V of the Laws says people differ "ex ipsa locorum varietate" [E - Laws V. 747 D]

462 Plautus M 91 uses the word "ravistellus" for things between "flavus" & "caesius"

657 Plautus in Pseud. M 120 in Pseudolus - on right and left - "Omnes ordines sub signis ducam, legiones meas avi sinistra, auspicio liquido atque ex sententia."

562 Pliny M 106- 107

and Moses on southern leprosy or "morbus Punicus": no lepers in Italy before Pompey the Great

58 Pliny M 19 wrote books covering the whole field of natural history

154 Pliny M 48 Plutarch, Livy, Dionysius, Valerius and Pliny all agree about the recelebration of certain games

162 Pliny M 48 denied that dying swans sing 340 Pliny M 67 considers Diodorus the first Greek historian who

was not a trifler (nugari) 435 Pliny M 87 said the lions are sable black in Ethiopia 465 Pliny M 91 Aristotle said peoples of the middle region have

"oculi caprini" "id est, flaventes seu ravi, quos Plinius rufos appellat"

469 Pliny M 91 said goats never have bleary eyes ("lippire") 471 Pliny M 91 says the eyes of Sulla, Cato and Augustus were


bluish-grey (cruel) 476 Pliny M 92 cattle of Germany give more milk than those of

Africa because of better pastures - no, says B, it is the "caelus" i.e. a matter of their position on the globe

571 Pliny M 108 men live longest toward the north 579 Pliny M 109 "ex censu" says some Romans lived to be 140 592 Pliny M 112 and Aristotle far inferior to Agricola on metals 602 Pliny M 114 the very wise elephant has the coldest blood 618 Pliny M 117 left is to the east 630 Pliny M 118 and Plutarch: left is lucky in auguries 637 Pliny M 118 in the uterus males move to the right 668 Pliny M 121 on the old Roman training - farmers make best

soldiers 671 Pliny M 121 thunder and lightning are created in the middle

region 675 Pliny M 123 his wrong comparison of the size of bodies in

south and north 738 Pliny M 134 Germany full of deep forests 752 Pliny M 136 south wind causes greater waves than north wind765 Pliny M 139 mountain of Sierra Leone called by Pliny

Ðχημα θεäν, "Chariot of the Gods" 771 Pliny M 141 wrote that the procurator of Mauritania sent

Augustus an ear of wheat with almost 400 grains780 Pliny M 142 sheep made white by the Vistritza River in

Greece; by the Axius, black; by the Xanthus, yellow

782 Pliny M 143 "Altanis" = southwest wind 786 Pliny M 143 some people born like wild beasts because

affected not by their thoughts but by their senses alone

856 Pliny M 160 "populi vectigales" (tributary) enumerated by Pliny

1180 Pliny M 235 seventh day of starvation fatal 1186 Pliny M 238 Athens had freedom by the favor of the Roman

people 1510 Pliny M 324 from census lists says some men lived to be 1501659 Pliny M 341 says the Meander River flowed through Ionia 1696 Pliny M 345 says Hipporedia, in Gallia Togata, was so called

from its good horse tamers 1714 Pliny M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1734 Pliny M 348 Olbia, a town of the Tectosages, parent of towns

in Bithynia, Pamphylia, Cilicia, Celtoscythia (i.e. Gauls very widely dispersed)

1751 Pliny M 350 on the origin of the inhabitants of Germany 1783 Pliny M 355 River Po or Padus = deep, e.g. city of

Bodincomagnum, where the river flows deep 2046 Pliny M 368 among list of "geographistorians" 756 Pliny lib. II M 136 everlasting dews water Africa, even in a burning

summer [E - Natural History II. 63] 1453 Pliny lib. VII M 318 says that all writers complain that the present

men are inferior in size, strength, etc.


858 Pliny lib. X. epist. VI M 161 Pliny asks for citizenship of Alexandria and Rome for his Egyptian friend

1210 Pliny lib.VII M 252 Gaul surrenders to Rome on condition she keeps many of her rights

721 Pliny libro septimo M 130 pest was carried from east to west 871 Pliny the Younger M 162 writing to Trajan on the Christians 1534 Pliny the Younger M 327 meaning of 'Indictio' as a unit of time 2047 Pliny the Younger de viribus illustribus LXXVII M 379 some attribute this book to Cornelius Nepos

[Fl. 60 B.C.] 1389 Plotinus M 309 the world is eternal 1380 Plotinus lib. VIII M 308 laughs at Aristotle's problem about time (libro

IV. de natura) 311 Plutarch M 63-65 many examples of his faulty methods; lives

mentioned: Lycurgus, Agesilaus, Demosthenes//Cicero, Cato//Aristides, Sulla//Lysander, Marcellus//Pelopidas, Fabius, Antony, Cato Uticensis

109 Plutarch M 42 avoided certain pitfalls in the writing of history (especially contemporary history)

136 Plutarch M 46 used all available sources in compiling his histories

150 Plutarch M 48 Plutarch, Livy, Dionysius, Valerius and Pliny all agree about an incident in Roman history (recelebration of certain games)

177 Plutarch M 50 wrote About the Malignity (περÂ κακο0θε\αH) against Herodotus

195 Plutarch M 52 openly rebukes Aristotle for attempting to correct the laws of Solon and Lycurgus

211 Plutarch M 54 qualified to pass judgment on civil matters 254 Plutarch M 55 criticizes Herodotus for writing to give pleasure 274 Plutarch M 57 brings out the hidden plans and motives of men 411 Plutarch M 83 said 300 historians described the battle of

Marathon 467 Plutarch M 91 authority for the color of the eyes of the Cimbri

("glaucus") 472 Plutarch M

91 says the eyes of Sulla, Cato and Augustus were

bluish-grey (cruel) 473 Plutarch M 92 Plutarchus ancipiti verbo χαροπ`τητοH &

colorem & crudelitatem Cimbrorum significavit; cum haberet •γοραγ`τητα καÂ γλαυκ`τητα.

629 Plutarch M 118 and Pliny: left is lucky in auguries 691 Plutarch M 125 Carthaginians very tenacious 715 Plutarch M 129 Thucydides and Plutarch said wrongly that the

Spartans used the flute and the Cretans the lute in warfare to restrain their wrath

742 Plutarch M 135 says Heraclitus said God will judge the world by fire

785 Plutarch M 143 on opinion of Empedocles and the Stoics: that facial differences are produced by the image received from the soul

828 Plutarch M 153 ideas on the state 840 Plutarch M 155 at Athens the fourth class was kept away from


all share in the state 890 Plutarch M 166 and Polybius report that the two Philips and

Antigonus were chosen leaders of the Achaeans 974 Plutarch M 180 "imperium" only to be given by the people, acc.

to the "lex Valeria" 981 Plutarch M 181 says the "tribuni plebis" retained their powers on

the appointment of a dictator 989 Plutarch M 185 tribune M. Octavius opposes Tiberius Gracchus 995 Plutarch M 186ff. is good on the constitution of Sparta 1005 Plutarch M 187 issue of Peloponnesian War was democracy v.

aristocracy 1012 Plutarch M 188 on Solon's constitutional laws 1039 Plutarch M 194 prior approval of senate needed before any law

put before the people of Athens or Rome 1042 Plutarch M 195 Solon's reform of the Areopagus 1170 Plutarch M 233 said Varro ordered L. Tarutius Firmanus to cast

the nativity of Rome 1189 Plutarch M 238 on Lycurgus setting up popular power at Sparta 1227 Plutarch M 259 in Theseus and Diodorus says the empires of the

Lydians, Tyrians, etc. were mostly mythical 1302 Plutarch M 282 praised monarchy 1355 Plutarch M 304 says Epicurus believed in the creation of the

world 1396 Plutarch M 309 and Philo refute those who think Plato was

speaking only hypothetically when he said the world is not eternal

1417 Plutarch M 312 quotes Epicurus as saying the world has an end 1512 Plutarch M 323 derided those who thought the old Roman year

was only 10 months 1541 Plutarch M 327 denies the old Roman year was only 304 days 1590 Plutarch M 332 in Artaxerxes calls Ctesias untruthful, yet

follows his chronology 1716 Plutarch M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1726 Plutarch M 347 on the spread of the Celts 2048 Plutarch M 371 his lives of Aratus, Philopoemen and Demetrius

contribute to understanding of later histories of the Greeks Fl. A.D. 120

1706 Plutarch in Mario M 345 called all that part of Europe to the north and west Celtic

2050 Plutarch vitae principum, Graecorum & Romanorum L.


1462 Plutarch a Theseo M 319 beginning his lives with Theseus says earlier events were mixed with fables

2049 Plutarch de claris mulieribus M 379 and Philip of Bergamo; for history of individuals Fl. 120

1000 Plutarch in Agide & Cleomene M 187 on the powers of the kings at Sparta 1694 Plutarch in Antonio M 345 superiority of the Gallic cavalry 1698 Plutarch in Camillo M 345 calls the Gauls (or Celts) κελτ`ριοι 1369 Plutarch in libro de fortuna M 306 refuted Aristotle's views on free will, etc. 1160 Plutarch in Lysandro M 230 on the date of Salamis and the destruction of the

walls of Athens 491 Plutarch in Mario M 95 says the damp bodies of the Cimbri are usually


softened by heat and sweat 732 Plutarch in Mario M 132 in life of Marius: ferocity of Batavian Germans 667 Plutarch in Pelopida M 121 not general's duty to fight hand to hand with the

enemy 884 Plutarch in Pericle M 165 in his life of Pericles: only citizens could receive

certain honors at Athens 1024 Plutarch in Pericle M 191 on population of Athens 991 Plutarch in quaestionibus M 185 said tribunes were not magistrates 1527 Plutarch in symposiacis M 325 when does year start? [E - Morals II. 213 and

III. 244] 1046 Plutarch in Timoleonte M 195 the statues of the tyrants Dionysius the Younger

and Icetes condemned to capital punishment 100 Plutarch in vita Demetrii M 37 his story about Antiochus in the life of

Demetrius 776 Plutarch lib. 2. cap. X. συμποσιακäν M 141 ÏμβρικH διαιτVH = wild animals, not Umbrian

men, as Alciati wrongly thinks 1193 Poggio M 245 historian of the Florentines 547 Poggio (Pogius) M 105 Altomerus, P. and Munsterus on mixed bathing

in Germany 1044 Pollux M 195 jurisdiction of the ephetae at Athens; the 220

arbiters 1048 Pollux M 196 the eleven magistrates at Athens whom Pollux

called νομοφbλακεH 1032 Pollux, Julius M 192 citizens fined for not attending the assembly 380 Polo, Marco (Paulus Venetus) M 78 wrote of the Tartars; B. rejects some of his

statements 1335 Polo, Marco (Paulus Venetus) M 295 on the Tartar Empire; Baldach = Susa, rather

than Babylon 2052 Polo, Marco (Paulus Venetus) (Paul de Venise - F) de

regionibus orientalibus et imperio Tartarorum libri tresM 378 among historians of the Tartars and Muscovites

Fl. 1280 512 Polonorum, Chronica M 100 lynching of the rebel George by Translyvanian

soldiers (si vera sunt Polonorum & Jovii chronica)

1875 Polonorum, Chronica M 375 on Polish history 59 Polybius M 20 reproached Fabius Maximus and other writers on

the Punic War because they specialized on only one phase of the struggle [E -The Histories I. i. 14]

86 Polybius M 27 historian of Rome 94 Polybius M 27 said there are great advantages in joining

together universal history and detailed history 113 Polybius M 44 often accused Fabius of favoring the Romans

and Philinus the Carthaginians in their accounts of the Punic War

135 Polybius M 46 used all available sources in compiling his histories

175 Polybius M 50 criticizes the historian Phylarchus for concealing the bravery of the Megalopolitans in the war against Aristomachus

182 Polybius M 51 reliable on the customs of the Romans because a foreigner

194 Polybius M 52 implicitly rebukes Aristotle for his attempt to


correct the laws of Solon and Lycurgus 198 Polybius M 53 chides Phylarchus for omitting eulogies of each

hero, because he (Polybius) thought that annals had a moral value

223 Polybius M 54 qualified to judge civil and military matters 289 Polybius M 58 described as "tragedians" historians who related

prodigies and divine interventions 291 Polybius M 59 page of criticism of Polybius in detail 296 Polybius M 59 his true account of how Brennus and his Gauls,

after sacking Rome, settled around Byzantium 309 Polybius M 63 a Greek, left a better account of Roman

institutions than Roman historians did 422 Polybius M 86 Galen and Polybius wrongly say that the

temperature of the air necessarily affects us (discussion of climate and peoples)

492 Polybius M 95 noted that the Spaniards and Italians, if they withstand the first attacks of the French and the Germans, easily break them

506 Polybius M 98 Roman swordsmanship - at first used only the edge (like the Scythians), then from the Spaniards learned to pierce with the point

521 Polybius M 101 the Punic Wars exceeded all others in cruelty 527 Polybius M 102 on cruelty of some peoples: "…ac ne quis a

prava disciplina tantam crudelitatem manare credat, ut Polybius…"

807 Polybius M 151 on important events occurring in the 140th Olympiad

826 Polybius M 153 ideas on the state 891 Polybius M 166 and Plutarch report that the two Philips and

Antigonus were chosen leaders of the Achaeans 929 Polybius M 172 B. says: "having compared the arguments of

Aristotle, Polybius and Dionysius on the subject of sovereignty…"

956 Polybius M 178 his opinions on sovereignty at Rome; Rome had a mixed form of government

978 Polybius M 181 5 lines quoted on the mixed Roman constitution - criticized by Bodin

1053 Polybius M 197 Polybius, Aristotle and Livy give us a few hints about the Carthaginian constitution

1090 Polybius M 209 Achaean League spread a unified government over the whole Peloponnese

1117 Polybius M 215 children of kings chosen as kings because it was thought they would resemble their parents

1119 Polybius M 216 Plato, Polybius and Cicero said there was an inevitable progression from monarchy to democracy and aristocracy

1173 Polybius M 234 Byzantium founded before Romulus was born 1177 Polybius M 235 empires suffer from their own illnesses 1282 Polybius M 279 pilotless ship is like a state without a head 1320 Polybius M 289 forced to acknowledge the power of religion as

support of the commonwealth 1677 Polybius M 342 50 years after the alliance was made between

Rome and Carthage the language of the treaty


was out of date, difficult to understand 1711 Polybius M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1730 Polybius M 348 Gauls ruled in Thrace for a long time 2053 Polybius M 365 writer of universal history; of 40 books the first

5 are extant, and an epitome up to Book 15 Fl. 200 B.C.

2054 Polybius M 371 Books II, IV & V, and epitome of the following; on the history of Greece under the successors of Alexander the Great Fl. 200 B.C. [150 - E]

2056 Polybius M 372 Books I & III, "with epitome of the following ones," on Roman history

1740 Polybius lib. II. lib. III M 349 Celtic invasion of Germany and Thrace 1761 Polybius lib. III. M 351 the Gallic Senones led colonies into Germany 2055 Polybius liber sextus, de militari domesticaque Rom.

disciplina. M 371 historian of the Romans Fl. 280 B.C. - L, 200

B.C. - F, [150] E 10 Polycletus M 4 the rule of P. compared to the Lesbian rule 2057 Polydore de origine insignium Regum. M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 1530 139 Polydore (Vergil) M 47 used all available sources in compiling his

histories, e.g. had read the public records 408 Polydore Vergil M 83 B. says he is perhaps the most trustworthy writer

on English history 1236 Polydore Vergil M 264 on the kingdom of the Britons before the Roman

conquest 2130 Polydore Vergil of Urbino historiae Anglicae libri

XXVI M 377 historian of the Britons Fl. 1530

1609 Polydore Virgil M 334 said the Britons were indigenous 1742 Polydore Virgil M 349 said wrongly Brennus the Gaul was a Briton 483 Pompey M 94 extreme cold penetrates and consumes the humor

"unde Pompeio pruina dicitur" [E - suggests this should read Pliny, Nat. Hist. II. 61]]

392 Pomponius M 79 B. calls him a "geographistorian" 975 Pomponius M 180 "imperium" only to be given by the people, acc.

to the "lex Valeria" 1063 Pomponius M 201 Latins governed by the royal power, without any

definite system of laws. 1072 Pomponius M 203 and Ulpian were inclined to the opinion that the

prince is not bound by the laws 1081 Pomponius M 205 and Ulpian said the will of the prince was law 2058 Pomponius Laetus M 380 lives of the emperors from Gordian to Heraclius;

for individual histories Fl. 490 [1490 in L & F] 234 Pomponius Mela M 54 qualified to speak on peoples and regions 388 Pomponius Mela M 79 said the Nervii (or Livones) changed into wolves495 Pomponius Mela M 95 says the Germans go naked up till puberty 2004 Pomponius Mela de situ orbis, una cum historia

populorum M 367 the Spaniard; universal "geographistorian"

Fl. in the time of Christ 2059 Pontanus, Joannes (F - Jean du Pont) de bello

Neapolitano M 373 historian of Italian affairs Fl. 1490

1633 Porphyry in epistola quadam ad Boëthum M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people 31 Portae M 7 Porta, a lawyer of B's time [François de la Porte,

Poitevin acc. to F] 525 Portia, lex M 102 forbade even scourging of Roman citizens 458 Portius, Simon M 91 interprets χαροπ`H as "ravus" (yellowish grey),


like the color of ashes, because Horace speaks of "lupam ravam"

165 Posidonius M 48 Posidonius, Eratosthenes and Metrodorus reproached by Strabo for uncritical acceptance of rumors

169 Posidonius M 49 "quoted the authority of Cn. Pompey so that he should not write without support"

407 Posidonius M 83 noted that even Cicero sometimes wandered from the point

428 Posidonius M 87 the ancients, excluding Posidonius and Avicenna, believed men could safely live only between the tropics and the polar circle

1411 Posidonius M 312 world has beginning but no end cr 4 Postel, Guillaume. See Barentonius 1387 Proclus M 309 on the creation; says the world is eternal; his

arguments discussed 1435 Proclus ap. Philoponus M 315 on an end to the world 121 Procopius M 45 his excessive praise of Belisarius out of place in

an historian 201 Procopius M 53 B. says Procopius accepted the idea that history

has a moral value and distributed praise and blame

361 Procopius M 77 B's appraisal of him as an historian 514 Procopius M 100 greed of the Germans, French 516 Procopius M 100 on the Franks: "Ea gens ad fidem prodendam

omnium aptissima." 1766 Procopius M 352 Franks came from Franconia across the Rhine 1804 Procopius M 361 and Albert Krantz report that the Slavs from

Scandinavia invaded Pannonia in the time of Justinian

2064 Procopius M 372 12 books (L & F - VII) on reign of Justinian Fl. 1130 [530]

2065 Procopius de bellis Gothorum libri III M 375 writer on the wars of the Goths Fl. 530 2062 Procopius de bello Persico libri II M 370 two books about the Persian War Fl. 540 1601 Procopius in libris de bello Gothorum M 333 mentions Flavius Basilius, last of the consuls 2063 Procopius libri VII. rerum sub Justiniano gestarum M 371 Greek historian Fl. 540 774 Propertius M 141 Mevania in a flat and hollow place

[E - Elegies IV. i. 123] 2066 Prosper Aquitanus M 366 writer of universal history; added 60 years [to

the chronicon of Eusebius] 2067 Prosper of Aquitaine M 372 Roman history from 382 - 447 Fl. 480 621 Psalms Davidis Psalmus LXXXIX. vers. XIII M 117 Hebrew sentence given, translated as "aquilonem

& dextrum tu creasti eos" 644 Psalms Psal. CIX M 119 right hand best 800 Ptolemy M 146-

148 apportions different parts of the globe to different heavenly bodies

420 Ptolemy M 85 and the ancients thought the customs of peoples could be traced to the parts of the zodiac they apportioned to each region

427 Ptolemy M 86 his division of the hemisphere into 4 quarters differs little from that of Strabo

560 Ptolemy M 106 Venus chiefly worshipped in Africa;


constellation of Scorpion (="pudenda") dominates Africa

674 Ptolemy M 123 his muddled comparison of the southern and northern Asiatics and their characteristics

1175 Ptolemy M 235 called the origin of an empire its ¦ποχZ 1654 Ptolemy M 340 calls the Moors 'Phut' (who was the son of Ham),

also a river and a city (= cardo, pivot) 1762 Ptolemy M 352 some allege, on the authority of Ptolemy, that

the βρXγκοι of Pannonia are the Franks 1493 Ptolemy in libris magnae constructionis M 323 in the Almagest - E;

son traité Du grand architecte - F; chronology

1584 Ptolemy in libris magnae constructionis M 331 movement of the stars since time of Nabonnassar [in the Amalgest - E]

1588 Ptolemy libro 4. cap.II. lib. V. cap. XIIII M 331 chronological tables of 81 Pythagoras M 25 we cannot derive full benefit from history "nisi

prius mediocriter in rebus agendis, aut diligenter spectandis, ut monebat Pythagoras, exerceamur"

616 Pythagoras M 117 right side of world is to the east 2068 Rabutinus de expeditione Henrici adversus Carolum

V. anno Christi M.D. LII. pro libertate principum Germanorum suscepta

M 374 Fl. 1556 - L, 1555 - F

413 Regino [of Spires] M 84 his chronicle the composite work of several writers

1497 Regiomontanus [Johann Müller] M 323 demonstrated the deficiencies of Ptolemy's astronomy

1457 Reinhold (Reinoldus) M 318 and Copernicus showed that the sun's apsis is nearer the earth than formerly

409 Rhenanus M 83 B. says he is perhaps the most trustworthy writer on German history

1625 Rhenanus, Beatus M 336 "more truthful" historian 1741 Rhenanus, Beatus M 349 mocks at German historians who said Brennus

was a German instead of a Gaul 1760 Rhenanus, Beatus M 351 two valleys in the Schwarzwald, Bellovacens

and Andegaust 2069 Rhenanus, Beatus (of Schlettstadt - E) (Selestadiensis

- L) rerum Germanicarum libri III M 374 writer on German affairs Fl. 1500

2070 Richer, Christopher (Torignaeus) (F - Christophe Richier de Thorigny) de rebus Turcarum libri V

M 378 historian of the Turks Fl. 1530

2071 Ritius, Michael (F - Michel Ritz) M 380 on the kings of the Franks, Spanish, Naples, Sicily, Hungary, Jerusalem; for history of individuals Fl. 1505

1213 Roderick (Roderichus) M 253 the historian; said there was an old Spanish law forbidding a woman from becoming queen

1532 Roderick of Toledo cap. ult. XXVIII M 326 in his last chapter: on the beginning of the Christian era

1789 Ronsard, Pierre in Franciade M 357 "meus civis (est enim Vindocini [Vendôme] oppidum, in Andium agro situm)"; said Astyanax was called Frank, quasi ΦερεXγχον

82 Rufus, Sextus M 27 his 4-page account of Roman history 1334 Rufus, Sextus M 293 on extent of Roman Empire at time of Trajan 2080 Rufus, Sextus epitome, de gestis Romanorum M 371 from the founding of the City to the Emperor


Valentinian; historian of the Romans Fl. 450 2073 Rupert de Gallorum gestis adversus Saracenos libri XM 374 historian of the Gauls Fl. 1120 2074 Rupert, the Monk de bello adversus Saracenos libri

VIII M 377 historian of the Arabs Fl. 1087 - L (1187 - E)

178 Sabellicus M 50 compares absurdly the wars of the Venetians, his

compatriots, to those of the ancient Romans 418 Sabellicus M 85 in B's list of those who wrote very meagerly


682 Sabellicus M 123 erroneous observations on different races 1010 Sabellicus M 188 on constitution of Venice 1280 Sabellicus M 278 18 doges of Venice punished by the people with

death or exile 1612 Sabellicus M 334 said Germans were indigenous 1623 Sabellicus, Antonius M 336 historical bias of 2075 Sabellicus, M. Antonius Coccius (F - Sabelli)

aenaeades XI. historiae M 366 eleven Enneades of history from the creation,

and corresponding to these the synopsis of Caspar Heid (L - & his cohaerens synopsis Hedionis); writer of universal history Fl. 1490

2076 Sabellicus, M. Antonius Coccius (F - Sabelli) Venetae historiae libri XXXIII

M 373 history of Venice Fl. 1490

1211 Salians, laws of the M 253 1224 Salic Law M 258 "Salica terra" is a phrase applied to a fief in an

ancient testament at Bordeaux, acc. to the man who first wrote a book on the Salic Law

259 Sallust M 56 generally agreed to be a good historian 270 Sallust M 56 B's judgment on him as an historian 2077 Sallust, C. de bello Jugurthino & Catalinari M 372 historian of the Romans Fl. 45 B.C. - L, 35

B.C. - E 1286 Samuel M 279 "kingdom" here = "tyranny" [E - I Samuel

10:18] 1699 Samuel, Rabbi M 345 says wrongly 'Galli' = 'snatched from the waves'1604 Sanedrim in libris Talmudicis, titulo Sanedrim &

in titulo de idololatria M 333 books of the Talmud, in libris Talmudicis, titulo

Sanedrim, cap. Helec (= a share) & in titulo de idololatria cap. Libne (= before) world to last 6000 years

1288 Sanedrim in libro Sanedrim cap. II M 279 for full description of royal power among the Hebrews

1093 Sarius [Jean Sarius Zamoyski] (Sarius Polonus) M 210 on the inner councils of the Poles 368 Saxo Grammaticus M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 634 Saxo Grammaticus M 118 and Olaus: demons and sorcerers plentiful in the

north 2078 Saxo Grammaticus de historia Danorum libri XVI M 375 history of the Danes [Fl. 1203] 862 Scaevola, Q. Cervidius M 162 one of Roman jurists ranging from time of

Antonius Pius to Alexander Severus 568 Scaliger M 107 calls leprosy "morbus Indicus" 734 Scaliger M 133 censures Cardan for writing on the distribution

of precious stones on the authority of others, without proof

750 Scaliger M 136 reproaches Cardan for his account of the north to south current of the seas, because he does not discuss causes and effects


1426 Scaliger M 314 wrongly rebuked Philoponus for his notion of time

1430 Scaliger M 315 argued that all motion tends to rest 1460 Scaliger M 319 criticizes Philip Melanchthon's theories on the

sun's apsis being nearer the earth than formerly 689 Scaliger, Julius M 123 a Veronese; 6 lines quoted on character of the

French 452 Scaliger, Julius Caesar M 90 translates χαροπÎν as "ravum" 1579 Seder, Baal M 330 5133 years since creation 699f Selestadt (E - Karlstadt) M 127 among many who influenced German religious

thinking 30 Semelorii M 7 Semelorius, a lawyer of B's time [Jean de Sainct

Mesloir Manceau acc. to F] 1598 Sempronius M 332 chronology of Roman history - "Sempronii

Romani tabulae" 1665 Sempronius M 341 apud Dionysius Halicarnassus? Italy colonized

from Greece 104 Seneca M 38 "indulgence (misericordia) which Seneca sagely

called a vice of the soul" 161 Seneca M 48 believed in the swan song 450 Seneca M 90 says "mare caeruleum" (discussion of precise

color "caeruleus" signifies) 857 Seneca M 161 Rome left to Achaeans and Rhodians their own

laws and citizenship 1084 Seneca M 205 3 lines quoted; king has "potestas," individuals

"proprietas"; king has "imperium," individuals "patrimonium"

1138 Seneca M 225 "septimus quisque annus aetati signum imprimit"1192 Seneca M 242 "ridiculum est ad legem bonum esse" (to be good

acc. to law) 1244 Seneca M 268 "Quis enim placere potest populo cui placet

virtus?" 1278 Seneca M 278 opposed a uniform for slaves lest the slaves

should realize their numbers 1413 Seneca M 312 world has beginning but no end 1802 Seneca in libro de consolatione ad Albinam M 360-

361 Miletus sent out 570 colonies; S. concludes: "nihil eodem loco mansissi quo gentium est." [E - "To Helvia on Consolation"]

2079 Septimius, Q. (Septimus - L & F) M 370 translated the 6 books de bello Trojano of Dictys Cretensis into Latin

1075 Severus, Alexander, rescript of M 203 prince bound morally by the laws 247 Sidonius Apollinaris M 55 qualified to speak on religion 1826 Sidonius Apollinaris M 376 a Gaul, at court of king Alaric; various narratives

of deeds by the Goths Fl. 470 369 Sigebert of Gembloux M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 2081 Sigebertus Gallus M 366 chronicle from 381 (i.e. end of the tripartite

history) to year 1113, with appendix of uncertain authorship to the year 1216; writer of universal history Fl. 1130

70 Sigismund (Meisterlin) M 22 his work on chronology 887 Sigonius M 165 approved Aristotle's definition of citizen 913 Sigonius M 171 said wrongly that the censors had "potestas" but


not "imperium" 977 Sigonius M 181 the "lex Portia Tribunitia" not proposed by Cato

the Censor, as Sigonius wrongly says 993 Sigonius M 185 Rome a mixed type of state 1022 Sigonius M 190 on citizenship at Venice 341b Sigonius, Carolus M 68 worthy of highest acclaim for explaining Roman

fasti and antiquities 842 Sigonius, Charles M 155 misled by Aristotle's definition of a citizen 903 Sigonius, Charles M 170 and Nicholas de Grouchy - mistaken ideas on

"imperium" and "potestas" of magistrates, following Festus

2082 Sigonius, Charles M 371 and Panvinio restored the Fasti Consulares 985 Sigonius, Charles in cap. de magistratibus M 184 is wrong on the power of the consuls 62 Silenus M 21 one of several historians reproached by

Dionysius Halicarnassus for his imperfect commentary on Roman history

2084 Silvius, Aeneas (Sylvius - F) Bohemica historia M 376 Fl. 1416 2085 Simler, Joseph (in English edition only) M 376 "John Stumpf of Zurich…[also] the epitome of

the whole history of Joseph Simler" 1388 Simplicius M 309 the world is eternal 1477 Simplicius M 320 commentaries on Book I of Aristotle's De caelo;

chronology 1613 Sipontinus M 334 said the Germans were indigenous [E - says

Bodin might mean Aventinus] 231 Sleidan M 54 qualified to speak on affairs at court 264 Sleidan M 56 generally agreed to be a good historian 272 Sleidan M 57 his praise of King Francis, the duke of Saxony,

Du Bellay and Jean Laski 302 Sleidan M 61 stirred by religious motives often accuses Jovius

of falsehood 308 Sleidan M 62 his account of the celebration of the mass at

Strasbourg [E - Strassburg] 357 Sleidan M 73 praises G. du Bellay highly; calls him the

ornament of the French nobility 687 Sleidan M 123 Gauls fickle 697 Sleidan M 127 said French fickle, yet in the nine years he lived

in France witnessed many burnings of Frenchmen [because they would not change their religion]

1326 Sleidan M 291 B. does not accept his interpretation of the 4 empires in Daniel

805 Sleidan in ecclesiastica historia M 149 in The Ecclesiastical History on Emperor Charles V

192 Sleidan, John M 52 a good historian - only rarely takes sides 2086 Sleidan, John ecclesiatica historia M 369 1517 to 1555; historian of the Christian religion

Fl. 1548 2087 Socrates M 368 & Sozomenus, Theodoret and Cassiodorus,

ecclesiastical history from birth of Christ to 444 (F & L) (454 - E) Fl. 400

243 Socrates, historian M 54 qualified to speak on religion 889 Soderini (Soderinus) M 165 cited as approving Aristotle's definition of a

citizen [E has “Francesco Soderinus,” which


seems unlikely] 927 Soderini [Paulo Antonio] M 172 Cited in Guicciardini on dangers of giving

“majestas” to a magistrate [History of Italy, Book II]

1018 Soderini [Paulo Antonio] M 189 his debate with Vespucci at Florence in defence of popular rule and the Venetian constitution, cited in Guicciardini

1023 Soderini [Paulo Antonio] M 191 Venice must be a popular state, “ut Soderinus disserebat”

2088 Soiterus, Melchior de bello Pannonico M 375 writer on Hungarian affairs Fl. 1530 627 Solinus M 118 left and right side of the earth 1517 Solinus M 325 says Arabs start year when sun enters Leo 2089 Solinus M 368 among list of "geographistorians" 27 Solon M 7 Solon and Lycurgus travelled widely to compare

systems of law 880 Solon in l. ult. de collegiis M 164 the ancient law of Solon, which is at the end of

the title "About fraternities" [E - Digest 47. 22. 4]

244 Sozomen M 54 qualified to speak on religion 2090 Sozomenus M 368 & Socrates, Theodoret and Cassiodorus,

ecclesiastical history from birth of Christ to 444 (F & L) (454 - E) Fl. 400

230 Spartianus M 54 qualified to speak on affairs at court 2091 Spartianus M 372 history of separate emperors 2092 Spartianus, Aelius M 379 lives of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and M.

Aurelius; for history of individuals Fl. 240 1401 Spiridion [of Cyprus] M 311 apud ? - at the Council of Nicaea said: God has

made places of punishment for men so inquisitive as to ask questions about the creation, etc.

1458 Stadius M 318 and Copernicus showed that the sun's apsis is nearer the earth than formerly

699j Stancar M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

2093 Staphylus (L & F - Staphilus) de gestis Caroli V M 380 for history of individuals 122 Staphylus, Friedrich (or Stapellage) M 45 his excessive praise of Emperor Charles V out of

place in an historian 2094 Status ecclesiae incerti autoris M 369 from birth of Christ to 1560 2096 Stella, Erasmus de antiquitatibus Borussiae M 376 antiquities of Prussia [Fl. 1500] 1871 Stephan, Charles (Charles Étienne) epitome ducum

Mediolanensium M 380 historian of individuals

168 Strabo M 49 reproached Posidonius, Eratosthenes and Metrodorus for uncritical acceptance of rumors [E - Geography XVI. iv. 16]

235 Strabo M 54 qualified to speak on peoples and regions 323 Strabo M 65 said the Parthians and Spartans used to lend their

wives to their friends 393 Strabo M 79 B. calls him a "geographistorian" 426 Strabo M 86 his division of the hemisphere into 4 quarters

differs from that of Bodin 772 Strabo M 141 on heavy yield of grapes and figs in Taurus

Mountains


1201 Strabo M 250 on the magistrates of the Massilians 1592 Strabo M 332 praises Ctesias 1645 Strabo M 338 and Livy on the etymology of 'Germanus' 1657 Strabo M 341 and Pausanias said all Greeks either Ionians,

Aeolians or Dorians 1700 Strabo M 346 on the distribution of the Celts 1715 Strabo M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1769 Strabo M 352 people of Massilia in Gaul spoke Greek 1776 Strabo M 353 calls a mountain in Gaul Cemenus (Cevennes) 1801 Strabo M 360 and Pausanias are full of examples of migrations

to escape from oppression 1685 Strabo lib. III. M 344 on the origin of the Adriatic Veneti 2097 Strabo of Cappadocia M 367 universal "geographistorian"; 16 books in which

he unites history of all peoples with geography Fl. 20 B.C.

2099 Stumpf, Johann epitomae totius historiae M 376 "epitomes of all of history," but E reads "the epitome of the whole history of Joseph Simler"

2098 Stumpf, Johann, of Zurich (Tigurinus - L) Helvetiorum historia tribus tomis comprehensa

M 376 in German

352 Suetonius M 71-72 B's appraisal of his position as an historian 39 Suetonius M 10 on Tiberius 131 Suetonius M 46 used previous works to write the history of the

past 189 Suetonius M 52 a good historian - only rarely takes sides 207 Suetonius M 53 B. praises his acount of Nero's cruelty, given in

plain language, leaving the reader to make the moral judgment

228 Suetonius M 54 qualified to speak on affairs at court 1345 Suetonius M 299 for examples of savagery in past ages 1542 Suetonius M 328 on the disordered calendar - intercalary months,

etc. 2100 Suetonius M 372 history of separate emperors 2101 Suetonius, Tranquillus vitae XII. Caesarum, a

Caesare usque ad Nervam M 379 for history of individuals Fl. 120

1043 Suidas M 195 jurisdiction of the ephetae at Athens; the 220 arbiters

2102 Suidas M 368 among list of "geographistorians" 1786 Sulpitius M 356 in his commentary on Lucan and Ammianus -

poets of Gaul were called 'bards' 2083 Sylvius, Aeneas libri XII. rerum in Italia suo

tempore gestarum M 372 historian of Italian affairs Fl. 1420

796 Synesius M 146 saw a woman in Africa artificially shaped like an ant

1391 Syrianus M 309 the world is eternal 40 Tacitus M 10 history valuable for the praise and blame it

distributes - an incitement to men to act well 103 Tacitus M 38 on the collapse of an amphitheater at Fidenum [E

- Annals IV. 62] 132 Tacitus M 46 used earlier authors and records to write the

history of the past 172 Tacitus M 50 says Caesar composed his Anticato in reply to

Cicero's Cato "quasi reus apud judices" (i.e. as a


piece of pleading and not an historical work) 181 Tacitus M 51 reliable on the customs of the Germans 200 Tacitus M 53 B. says Tacitus accepted the idea that history has

a moral value and distributed praise and blame 225 Tacitus M 54 qualified to judge civil and military matters 276 Tacitus M 57 brings out the hidden plans and motives of men 286 Tacitus M 57 his account of the great fire at Rome 315 Tacitus M 64 authority on the Rogatio Sempronia 322 Tacitus M 65 on treatment of adulteresses [E - Annals II. 50] 445 Tacitus M 90 on the Germans - physical characteristics 486 Tacitus M 94 two lines quoted on drunken habits of Germans 489 Tacitus M 95 the Germans "Inediam & frigus coeli ac soli

consuetudine ferunt" 490 Tacitus M 95 the Germans have inconsistent natures: they love

doing nothing and hate quiet 494 Tacitus M 95 the Germans, in spite of their size, are easily

tired - only cold can they bear easily 508 Tacitus M 99 the Germans not a cunning race -"aperit enim

secreta pectoris licentia joci" (3 lines) 510 Tacitus M 99 on the Germans: "Occidere solent, non disciplina

& severitate, sed impetu ac ira ut inimicum." 513 Tacitus M 100 on Germans' love of gambling: "Aleam sobrii

inter seria exercent…" (2½ lines) 543 Tacitus M 105 on continence of the Germans: "sera iuvenum

venus, eoque inexhausta pubertas, nec virgines festinantur"

554 Tacitus M 106 of all the barbarians the Germans alone have individual wives

576 Tacitus M 108 large size of the Germans 587 Tacitus M 110 "Plus valent apud Germanos boni mores quam

alibi bonae leges." 605 Tacitus M 115 the German magistrates do nothing without their

weapons 685 Tacitus M 123 Gauls fickle 694 Tacitus M 126 5 lines on the Germans: "Gens non astuta, nec

calida: aperit enim secreta pectoris licentia joci…"

704 Tacitus M 128 3 lines of Latin on the Germans' lack of luxury, frugal habits, etc.

710 Tacitus M 129 the Scythians cultivate roughness of voice; their method of shouting, their battle cry

711 Tacitus M 129 Scythians grow fiercer by use of the Phrygian mode "et Martem, ut ait ille, cantu accendunt"

731 Tacitus M 132 Batavians most ferocious tribe in Germany 761 Tacitus M 137 Germans divide year into winter, spring and

summer 788 Tacitus M 143 Germans all of uniform physical type 830 Tacitus M 153 ideas on the state 837 Tacitus M 154 "arcana imperii"; art of government 1102 Tacitus M 213 Romans could not extend the boundary

(pomoerium) of the city unless they had conquered land from the enemy


1200 Tacitus M 249 calls the Helvetians Gauls 1261 Tacitus M 272 "Non solum saluberrimum sed etiam

necessarium in magnarum rerum administratione imperium penes unum esse."

1346 Tacitus M 299 for examples of savagery in past ages 1611 Tacitus M 334 said Germans indigenous 1644 Tacitus M 338 derives 'Judaei' from Mount Ida 1670 Tacitus M 342 the Gothini are not Germans because they speak

a Gallic tongue 1719 Tacitus M 347 Gauls not descended from Germans 1731 Tacitus M 348 Bohemia from the Boii, a Gallic people 1753 Tacitus M 350 The Germans indigenous (11 lines quoted) 1773 Tacitus M 353 said the Gothini were Gauls by origin because

they used the Gallic tongue 1036 Tacitus lib. II M 193 "comitia" transferred to the senate 341 Tacitus, Cornelius M 68-71 B's appraisal of his standing as an historian;

examples of his style 127 Tacitus, Cornelius M 46 plans to write of the early Caesars "sine ira ac

studio" 2103 Tacitus, Cornelius annales M 372 historian of the Romans; 16 out of 21 books

extant; from Augustus, where Livy ceases, to Nerva Fl. 120 A.D. (L &F) (120 B.C. - E)

2104 Tacitus, Cornelius libellus de moribus Germanorum M 374 explained by the commentaries of Althamer (Altamerus) Fl. A.D. 120

1161 Tarafa (Tarapha) M 230 a Spanish writer; duration of Moorish rule in Spain

1240 Tarafa (Tarapha) M 266 Moorish conquest of Spain 717 1792 Tarafa the Spaniard (Hispanus) M 358 Alphonso VII is called 'Abreta' because he slept

on the ground 2105 Tarafa, Francis brevis epitome omnium historiarum

regumque Hispaniae, ab orbe condito usque ad Carolum V Imp.

M 377 a Spaniard Fl. 1530

327 Tertullian M 66 authority for portents during battle against the Marcomanni

347 Tertullian M 70 called Tacitus most deceitful (mendacissimum) 577 Tertullian M 108 uses Gallic features as proverbial for whiteness 1558 Tertullian M 329 Crucifixion A.D. 31 2106 Tertullian, Q. Septimius, of Carthage apologeticus

adversus gentes M 368 historian of Christian religion Fl. 150

242 Theodoret M 54 qualified to speak on religion 2107 Theodoret M 368 & Socrates, Sozomenus and Cassiodorus,

ecclesiastical history from Christ to 444 (L & F) (454 - E) Fl. 400

1636 Theodoret lib. I. de Graecarum affectionum curatione

M 337 Chaldeans the oldest people

1076 Theodosius M 203 and Valentinian - 5 lines quoted; prince bound by the laws

1577 Theophilus of Antioch M 330 6831 years since creation 578 Theophrastus M 108-

109 the less plants increase in size, the longer do they thrive

56 Theophrastus M 19 wrote books on different branches of natural history


526 Theophrastus M 102 executions among the Chians by means of hemlock tempered with water, so as to cause least distress

709 Theophrastus M 129 Persian law rewarding those who discovered new delights

1139x Theophrastus 226 complained of nature's short life span for man compared to crows

1433 Theophrastus apud Philonem M 315 on an end to the world, because there is an end for the parts thereof

1378 Theophrastus lib. I. cap. V. de causis stirpium M 308 on seeds and the origin of plants 338 Theopompus M 67 Diodorus gives the date of the beginning of

Theopompus' history; Diodorus says of 58 books of Theopompus 5 are of doubtful accuracy

2108 Theopompus M 370 among historians, not extant, quoted by Plutarch; wrote consecutive Greek history

1323 Thomas, [St.] M 289 follows Aristotle in making religion important in the education of a prince

188 Thucydides M 52 a good historian - only rarely takes sides 206 Thucydides M 53 B. praises his simple style of history - no moral

judgments 224 Thucydides M 54 qualified to judge civil and military matters 253 Thucydides M 55 criticizes Herodotus for writing to give pleasure 258 Thucydides M 56 his impartiality and care for historical truth 271 Thucydides M 57 his praise of Pericles 336 Thucydides M 67 Diodorus' chronology for the beginning of

Thucydides' history 509 Thucydides M 99 calls the Thracians, when they fear nothing,

φοινικfτατον γXνοl 714 Thucydides M 129 and Plutarch: Spartans used the flute, Cretans the

lute in warfare to restrain their wrath 1002 Thucydides M 187 Peloponnesian War one of democracy v.

aristocracy 1099 Thucydides M 212 on the early history of Greece and the growth of

cities (π`λειH) 1277 Thucydides M 277 people of Corcyra massacre the nobility 1343 Thucydides M 298 "verissimus historiae parens" - said piracy very

prevalent a short while before his time 1461 Thucydides M 319 said the history of the Trojan War was largely

fabulous 2109 Thucydides libri VIII M 370 on Greek history Fl. 340 B.C. (E - 400) 63 Timaeus M 21 one of several historians reproached by

Dionysius Halicarnassus for his imperfect record of Roman history

184 Timaeus M 51 has rightly been censured for his digressions from history to reproaches and invective - has the nickname of ¦πιτ\μαιοH or 'traducer'

811 Timaeus M 152 among list of learned men 1674 Timaeus M 342 and Herodotus say 'Italus' = 'calf' to the Greeks 2111 Timaeus M 370 among Greek historians, not extant, quoted by

Plutarch 19 Tiraqueau, André (Tiraquellus) M 5 French jurist B. has found useful 819 Trapezuntius M 152 among list of learned men


1322 Trebatius M 289 the Epicurean accepted books on religion because religion is a great support for the state

686 Trebellius M 123 Gauls fickle 2051 Trebellius Pollio M 380 on the reigns of Valerian, Galienus, Claudius

and the Thirty Tyrants; for individual histories Fl. 310

2112 Tripartite history M 366 the chronicle of Sigebert the Gaul from the year of Christ 381, that is from the end of the tripartite history

2113 Tripartite history historia tripertita M 369 the history of Evagrius (de ecclesia & imperio Romano); starts where the tripartite history finishes

1626 Trithemius, Abbot M 336 historian 2114 Trithemius, Johann de gestis Francorum M 373 a German; deeds of the Franks from 433 B.C. to

1500 A.D. Fl. 1500 2115 Trivet, Nicholas annales Anglici M 377 an Englishman; annals from the counts of Anjou,

i.e. from 1135 to 1307 Fl. 1420 [d. 1328 - E] 1146 Trogus M 227 made Ninus first king of Babylon 93 Trogus (Pompeius) M 27 author of an extensive and detailed history; his

work largely lost because of the abridgment by Justin

36 Trogus Pompeius M 9 his account of the wicked and ambitious Herostratus

266 Trogus Pompeius M

56 (as we find in Justin) condemns the invented speeches in Livy and Sallust

1735 Trogus Pompeius M 348 Tectosages (Gauls) seize large part of Asia Minor

1748 Trogus Pompeius M 349 "Justinus ex Trogo Pompeio planum facit…" that the migration of the Gauls took place in the time of Tarquinius Priscus

2116 Trogus Pompeius M 365 epitome by Justin in 44 books covering universal history from Ninus to Caesar Augustus Fl. A.D. 150

1807 Trogus Pompeius ap. Justin M 362 said Herotinus, king of the Parthians, begot 600 sons

2118 Turpin M 380 & Eginhard and Acciajuoli, on the life of Charles the Great (T. & E. of the time of Charles the Great)

376 Turpin [archbishop of Rheims] M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 954 Twelve Tables M 177 no dispensation from a law except by act of the

people 2 Twelve Tables, laws of the M 2 their simplicity compared to the later disorderly

mass of edicts and statutes 2121 Tzetzes M 368 among "geographistorians" 1092 Ulloa, Alfonso (Alfonsus Uloa) M 210 on the royal council among the Spaniards 901 Ulpian M 169 and Varro said: the minimum requirement for

"imperium" is the right of arrest 907 Ulpian M 170 "Proconsul vero, qui plenissimam jurisdictionem

(sic enim Ulpianus) ….habet" - on "potestas" and "imperium"

938 Ulpian M 174 Papinian, Ulpian and the ancient jurisconsults on the powers of a magistrate

943 Ulpian M 176 "id enim voluit Ulpianus cum diceret, acceptum


magistratum deponi" 1073 Ulpian M 203 and Pomponius were inclined to the opinion that

the prince is not bound by the laws 1080 Ulpian M 205 and Pomponius said the will of the prince was

law 942 Ulpian in l. hodie. de poenis M 175 on power of magistrates 940 Ulpian in l. more majorum. de jurisdictione M 175 on delegation of power by a magistrate 848 Ulpian l. detestatio. de verb. signific. M 157 five minimum number of persons in a family

"…ut voluit Ulpian. in l. detestatio. de verb. signific." [E - Digest 50. 16. 40]

351 Ulpian (Domitius Ulpianus) M 71 wrote the seven books de Torquendis Christianis [E - this fact is in Lactantius, Divine Institutes V. II]

879 Ulpianus ad legem municipalem M 163 on citizenship 925 Ulpianus in l. magistratibus. de jurisdictione M 172 on powers of Jewish magistrates 1127b Urban III, Pope M 221 decrees of Popes Alexander III, Urban III and

Innocent III about the marriage of serfs 1919 Ursinus Gaspar (F - Gaspard d' Orsini) de vitis

Regum, Imperatorum & Pontificum Romanorum M 379 to Charles V; for history of individuals

Fl. 1540 249 Ursperg, abbot of M 55 qualified to speak on religion 374 Ursperg, abbot of M 78 B. says his books full of prodigies 1756 Ursperg, abbot of M 351 said the Franks were of Trojan origin 2123 Ursperg, abbot of chronicon, ab orbe condito usque

ad Fridericum II. Imper. M 375 his name is unknown; wrote very fully on

German affairs 2122 Ursperg, abbot of (Abbas Urspergensis) chronicon,

ab orbe condito usque ad Fridericum II. Imper. M 366 writer of universal history

Fl. 1229 [E - 1219] 1077 Valentinian M 203 and Theodosius - 5 lines quoted; prince bound

by the laws 2072 Valentinus, Roderick (Rodrigue de Palencia - F) de

rebus Hispanorum M 377 in Spanish

153 Valerius M 48 Plutarch, Livy, Dionysius, Valerius and Pliny all agree about the recelebration of certain games

921 Valerius M 171 and Livy show that praetors could execute their judgments about the faults of vestals

952 Valerius M 177 and Livy lib. XXV - examples of powers of magistrates

1729 Valerius lib. II M 347 on the bravery of the "Celtiberi" 983 Valerius [Maximus] M 182 senate punishes army for electing a scribe as

general after the death of Jubellius [E -Factorum et dictorum memorabilium libri ix II. vii. 15] Valerius also the authority for several other examples of power of magistrates, says Bodin

911 Valerius Maximus M 170 "… contrary to what Varro said and Valerius Maximus proved by examples" on the power of aediles and quaestors - were they, strictly speaking, magistrates?

1057 Valerius Maximus M 199 ancient Massilians had 600 in the ruling aristocracy

2124 Valerius Maximus M 368 among list of "geographistorians" 973 Valerius, P. M 180 "imperium" only to be given by the people, acc.

to the "lex Valeria" 1808 Valesius, Franciscus (François de Valois - F) M 364 is said to have investigated the origins of


patricians; said the oldest family in Gaul and Spain is the Leva

818 Valla M 152 among list of learned men 2125 Valla, Laurentius M 380 deeds of Ferdinand, king of Aragon; for history

of individual men 97 Varro M 34 the "bonum" of a man is a mixture of action and

contemplation 460 Varro M 91 says the "gallus rusticus" has "ravos oculos" -

yellowish grey - really they are "sub fului" 557 Varro M 106 and Aelian say the male hare bears young 619 Varro M 117 east is world's left side; "sinistra in templis ab

oriente, dextra ab occasu" 638 Varro M 118 in the uterus males move to the right 789 Varro M 144 a wolf is a woodland dog 900 Varro M 169 and Ulpian said: the minimum requirement for

"imperium" is the right of arrest 902 Varro M 170 his division of magistrates into various classes,

acc. to the various powers they possessed 1101 Varro M 213 etymology: "urbes (cities) ab orbe" 1106 Varro M 214 3 lines quoted: weak oppressed by the strong -

"Qui potest plus urget: ut pisces saepe minutos magnus comest, ut aves enecat accipiter."

1115 Varro M 215 and Livy: consul elect called a judge "Omnes Quirites in licium huc visite ad judices."

1586 Varro M 331 and Dionysius, date of foundation of Rome 1666 Varro M 341 apud Dionysius Halicarnassus? Italy colonized

from Greece 1675 Varro M 342 says 'Italus' = 'calf' in Greek 1678 Varro M 343 ancient Sabines said foedus instead of hoedus,

fircus instead of hircus 916 Varro lib. V. de lingua Latina M 171 said the praetor was not allowed to summon the

army of the capital 1358 Varro (?ap. Cicero?) M 304 in libro quem de interitu mundi scripsisse fertur 659 Varro, M. lib. V. epistol. quaest. M 120 Book V, Letters and Questions, on left and right

(2 lines quoted) 2128 Verardus, Carolus (Vérard - F) Betica historia M 377 history of Spain Fl. 1468 2127 Verardus, Carolus (Vérard - F) de expugnatione

regni Granatae M 377 about the siege of the kingdom of Granada

Fl. 1468 2129 Vergerius, Paulus de gestis principum Mantuanorum M 380 for history of individuals Fl. 1540 2131 Vespucci, Albert navigationum epitome M 378 for history of America Fl. 1501 (1510 - E) 2132 Vespucci, Amerigo navigationes IIII M 379 for history of America Fl. 1497 1017 Vespucius [Guido Antonio Vespucci] M 189 speech in Guicciardini upholding aristocracy

against Soderini and popular government 757 Vettius Valens M 136 [E - Vettius Valens uses "hypogaeum" = nadir] 2134 Vincentus Belluacensis (Vincent of Beauvais - E) M 366 writer of universal history, from creation to 1250

A.D. Fl. 1260 660 Virgil M 120 on right and left: "Arboribusque satisque Notus

pecorique sinister." 663 Virgil M 120 "Saepe sinistra cava monuisset ab ilice cornix."

[E - Eclogues IX. 15] 504 Vitruvius M 98 thought soldiers should be chosen from the third

or mixed type of men who combine "prudentia"


with "vires" 739 Vitruvius M 134 loftiest trees in Appenines on north side 781 Vitruvius M 142 sheep made different colors by different rivers 474 Vitruvius Pollio M 92 seven lines quoted on physical characteristics of

northern and southern men 2135 Vitruvius Tarvisinus, Ponticus ( Pontique Vitruve, de

Trévise - F) historiae Britannicae libri VI M 377 historian of the Britons Fl. 1520

196 Vives M 53 tutor of Charles V, reproached Comines for his digressions from history into moral discourses

339 Vives M 67 considers no author more trifling than Diodorus 542 Volaterranus M 105 praises continence of the Germans 555 Volaterranus M 106 Casimir of Poland and Wenceslaus of Bohemia

always celibate; Emperor Henry II remained apart from his wife

681 Volaterranus M 123 erroneous observations on different races 416 Volaterranus [Raphael Maffei] M 85 in B's list of those who wrote very meagerly


2137 Volaterranus, Raphael de claris viris omnium gentium


2136 Volaterranus, Raphael (Volterra - F) M 367 38 books on universal history and geography Fl. A.D. 1500

354 Vopiscus M 71 called Suetonius a most faultless writer (emendatissimum)

517 Vopiscus M 100 "Francis familiare est fidem ridendo frangere." 1765 Vopiscus M 352 Franks came from Franconia across the Rhine 2138 Vopiscus M 372 history of separate emperors 2139 Vopiscus, Flavius M 380 the lives of Aurelian, Tacitus, Florian, Probus,

Firmus, Saturninus, Proculus, Carus, Carinus, Numerianus; for individual histories Fl. 320

699l Waldensians, the M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

699h Westphal M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

2140 Widukind, the Saxon (Witiquindus - L) (Witikind - F) de rebus Saxonum, libri III

M 376 Fl. 950

2120 William, archbishop of Tyre de bello sacro libri XXIII

M 378 historian of the Arabs; on the Crusades Fl. 1150

250 William, bishop of Tyre M 55 qualified to speak on religion 379 William, bishop of Tyre M 78 B. says a useful historian in spite of his

prodigies and portents 1231 William, bishop of Tyre M 261 and Leo Africanus are our authorities on the

extent and greatness of the Arabian Empire 2119 William, John, archbishop of Tyre de bello sacro

libri XXIII M 369 about the Crusades; historian of Christian

religion Fl. 1150 2141 Wimpheling, Jacob (Jacobus Vuimphelingus)

(Wimfling - F) epitome rerum Germanicarum M 374 writer on German affairs Fl. 1549

1619 Wimpheling, Jacob (Vuifolgius) M 336 historical bias of 1749 Wolf (Volphius) M 350 and Funck admit the Tusci were a people of Italy810 Xenocrates M 152 among list of learned men 187 Xenophon M 52 a good historian - only rarely takes sides 205 Xenophon M 53 B. praises his simple style of history - without


moral judgments 222 Xenophon M 54 qualified to judge civil and military matters 260 Xenophon M 56 generally agreed to be a good historian 300 Xenophon M 60 allows the magistrates to invent falsehoods on

behalf of the state 399x Xenophon M 80 wins great praise as philosophistorian 703 Xenophon M 128 and Plato permit magistrates to lie for good of

state 706 Xenophon M 128 spitting considered base by the Persians 996 Xenophon M 186 wrote only on the customs of Sparta, not on the

constitution 999 Xenophon M 187 on Spartan constitution 1003 Xenophon M 187 issue of Peloponnesian War was democracy v.

aristocracy 1051 Xenophon M 197 right of appeal from the allied magistrates to the

Athenian magistrates 1191 Xenophon M 241 at Athens the will of the people took the place of

law 1243 Xenophon M 267 popular power is the enemy of all virtues 1300 Xenophon M 282 praised monarchy 1509 Xenophon M 323

324 he covered some eras of the maritime kings; an authority for Pliny and Valerius; said one of the maritime kings lived for over 600 years

1591 Xenophon M 332 praises Ctesias' chronology 1630 Xenophon M 337 Chaldeans most ancient people 1653 Xenophon M 340 mentions the tribe of Elymais = the Persians 1479 Xenophon de aequivocis M 321 About Ambiguous Times; fragments, perhaps

spurious, says B. 2144 Xenophon de factis & dictis Socratis M 380 for history of individual men 2143 Xenophon, the Athenian M 370 historian of the Greeks; seven books on the 43

years after Thucydides' narrative ends Fl. 310 B.C. [360 - E]

2142 Xenophon, the Athenian de expeditione Cyri M 369 a history of various Middle Eastern peoples Fl. 370 B.C.

89 Xiphilinus M 27 author of abridged history of Rome 326 Xiphilinus M 66 his epitome of Dio 2146 Xiphilinus M 379 made an epitome of the lives of the emperors

(Augustus to Alexander Severus) by Dio Cassius2145 Xiphilinus the Patriarch epitome in Dionem M 372 Roman history Fl. 1070 1705 Xylander M 346 used 'Celt' for all the peoples of Germany and

Gaul [E = Holtzmann of Augsburg] cr 10 Zamoyski. See Sarius 696 Ziegler M 126 and Munster on the Icelanders' conversion to

Christianity 383 Ziegler, [Jakob] M 79 German astronomer and geographer, wrote of

the [Scandinavian] peoples 213 Zonaras M 54 qualified to pass judgment on civil matters 363 Zonaras M 77 delighted in stories of prodigies 2148 Zonaras fusa historia M 366 a combined history (F - Histoire à grands traits)

from creation to 1117, divided in 3 parts: a) Jews b) Greeks c) Latins Fl. 1120

915 Zonaras lib. II M 171 and Livy lib. XL. cap. XLIII: censors could


promulgate edicts 2147 Zonaras, Joannas M 371 the third volume, history of Greece from

Constantine the Great to death of Alexius Comnenus (L - Comenus) i.e. 300 - 1113 Fl. 1120

699e Zwingli (Zuingli) M 127 among many who influenced German religious thinking

bodin sources index –methodus release – dec. 2004 · bodin sources index –methodus 2 release...

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