BOA HVAC

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Outline Thermostats Efficient use of ventilation fans System overrides Building automation systems Indoor air quality Energy savings tips Maintenance issues

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Piner Olivet Lifestyle Program Lifestyle Campaigns

students and teachers custodian support

Examples Computers off Lights off Waste less

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Piner Olivet Technical Program Student technical audits Building Operator Training Technical audits Energy monitoring and savings

reports Building retrofits

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Importance of custodian Focus of Piner Olivet program in

schools Interface between district, teachers

and students Source of technical information Provides continuity Knows schools better than anyone Can produce large savings Key to Piner Olivet program success

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Piner Olivet district update Lifestyle Program news

Recent events Upcoming events

Technical Program news

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Piner Olivet in your school Success stories Areas to improve

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Benefits of energy efficient HVAC Reduces energy use and cost Improved quality and comfort Less maintenance required Longer equipment life Scheduling and complex control

strategies easily programmed Positive impact on climate change

issues

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Expectations of comfort Wide range of operating conditions Realistic expectations

Comfort conditions not always perfect Impossible to satisfy everyone

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Thermostats Pneumatic, electric, or electronic Control furnaces, radiation heating

valves, heat pumps or unit ventilators Often damaged or vandalized

Thermostats

A thermostat and its workings

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Thermostats Avoid covering thermostat

May not sense actual room temperature Room becomes too cold or too hot

Do not constantly change setpoint Calibrate and service regularly

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Thermostat mythology A high temperature setting means

quicker warm-up Furnace works harder after

temperature setback Inadequate heating or cooling is due

to a faulty thermostat

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HVAC in portables Thermostat controls ventilation fan

plus heating and cooling Vacant periods in warm weather:

Furnace fan set to “off” position Cooling setpoint as high as possible Heating setpoint at 15°C

Vacant periods in cold weather: Furnace fan set to “auto” position Cooling setpoint as high as possible Heating setpoint at 15°C

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HVAC in portables Are programmable thermostat

setbacks working? Advise maintenance staff if need

adjustment Cooling setpoint of 21°C or lower can

damage equipment

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HVAC in portables Thermostat “Auto/On” ventilation fan

setting Auto: fan cycles on call

use during vacant periods On: fan operates continuously

use during occupied periods for improved indoor air quality

No outside air ventilation if fan is off

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Efficient use of ventilation fans 30% of total energy use

Electricity for large motors Energy to heat or cool outside air

Shut off ventilation fans during vacant periods

Operate fans only when needed One of the most important energy

savings strategies

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Air handling system

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Return air fan

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Axial return air fan with variable inlet vanes

Return air fan

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Supply air

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Centrifugal supply fan

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Cooling and night purging Don't run fans all night

Two hours before occupied periods to cool down the facility (night purge)

Outside air coolest between 4 a.m. and 7 a.m.

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HOA switches Hand-Off-Auto switch Controls fans, pumps, etc.

“Hand”: manual bypass of BAS or time clock Used as override Equipment will operate continuously

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HOA switches “Off”: equipment off completely

For repairs, safety, etc. Do not switch to “On”or “Auto” unless

verified safe “Auto”: links equipment to time clocks

and BAS schedules Should be usual position

HOA switch

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System overrides Activating HVAC system after hours Short-term intermittent use 2 or 3 hour limit is best Spring-wound timers often used for

fans

System override

Spring-wound timers

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System override

Air system override

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System overrides Day/night thermostats may have push

button overrides Dedicated override switch preferred to

HOA switches Ask to have one installed if needed

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Time clocks Automatically switch HVAC equipment Check and reset for:

Changing schedules Clock going out-of-time Daylight savings time

Correct schedule for the application?

Electronic time clock

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Building Automation System (BAS) Centralized computer control operates

HVAC, alarms and lighting Makes automatic decisions Computer used to access system Available in a variety of configurations

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Building Automation System (BAS) Also called:

Energy Management System (EMS) Direct Digital Control (DPiner Olivet)

Replaces old system of mechanical time clocks and pneumatic controls

Pneumatic control panel

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Pneumatic controls

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Building Automation System

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How a BAS is networked

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BAS for an air handling unit

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Advantages of BAS Optimum start/stop Temperature reset Economizer control Night purge

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Advantages of BAS Intelligent control Trend logging Flexibility Reliability Global and networked control

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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Acceptable levels of:

Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Temperature and humidity Respirable particulates Fungi and bacteria Miscellaneous

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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) IAQ is a complex issue Can be blamed for unrelated health

problems Increasing attention paid to IAQ Regulations and standards being

developed

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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Custodians can note potential IAQ

problems Simple IAQ improvements:

Comfortable temperatures 19 to 24.5°C in winter 22 to 26.5°C in summer

Optimum humidity 40 to 60%

Avoid sources of contamination

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Some ways IAQ is affected Inadequate fresh air Inadequate local exhaust Contamination of outdoor air intakes Low efficiency or dirty filters Mould and bacteria growth

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Some ways IAQ is affected Polluting sources:

Cleaning solutions and chemicals Off-gassing from synthetic carpets and

furniture Dry sewer traps emitting sewer gas Trash stored indoors Tobacco smoke

How IAQ is affected

Filters in poor condition

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Miscellaneous energy savings tips Vestibule heaters - reduce

temperature Use vestibule doors effectively Note if temperature setback is working Effective use of blinds and curtains Use ceiling destratification fans Shut off exhaust fans if not required

Energy-saving tips

Do not overheat vestibules with heaters

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Energy-saving tips

Keep inside entrance doors closed

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Energy-saving tips

Skylight blinds should be closed in summer

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Energy-saving tips

Shut off exhaust fans if not required

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Miscellaneous energy saving tips Maintain weather-stripping and

caulking Use electric heaters sparingly Avoid obstructing HVAC grilles Check outside air intakes for lint etc. Close doors to isolate some HVAC

zones Other ideas?

Energy-saving tips

Door requires weather-stripping upgrade

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Energy-saving tips

Sharp elbow at outlet of dust collector discharge duct reduces efficiency

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Energy-saving tips

Do not block hot water grilles

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Energy-saving tips

Do not block ventilator grilles

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Energy-saving tips

Keep furniture at least 5 cm away from hot water grilles

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Energy-saving tips

Maintain control air compressor

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Maintenance issues Record boiler and chiller temperatures

and pressures Report unusual noise, odours Clean and change filters as needed

Filter maintenance

Clean air dryer and filters

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Filter maintenance

Filters in very poor condition

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Filter maintenance

Filters clogged with dust

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Filter maintenance

Magnehelic gauge showing pressure drop across filters

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Custodian is key to program success Focus of conservation initiatives Interface Technical information Continuity Facility knowledge Impact on savings Key to success

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