BME 273BME 273Senior Design ProjectSenior Design Project

Group 25Group 25“MEMs in the Market”“MEMs in the Market”

ProblemProblem

Drug companies demand a MEMs device Drug companies demand a MEMs device that allows mobile, On-Chip drug testing, that allows mobile, On-Chip drug testing, but at this point, that demand has not been but at this point, that demand has not been metmet

Primary ObjectivePrimary Objective

Our primary objective Our primary objective is to create a MEMs is to create a MEMs On-Chip dual cell On-Chip dual cell culture device at the culture device at the pico-liter volume pico-liter volume scale that allows for scale that allows for automated cell automated cell culturing and sensing culturing and sensing for the testing of for the testing of drugs and other drugs and other perfused substances.perfused substances.

GoalsGoals

Primary goal:Primary goal: Create two cell cultures, each 720 pico-liter Create two cell cultures, each 720 pico-liter

volumes, on one chip according to previous volumes, on one chip according to previous specificationsspecifications

Show that these cell cultures allow for cells to Show that these cell cultures allow for cells to retain life during experimentsretain life during experiments

Secondary goals:Secondary goals: Create On-Chip sensors that allow us to Create On-Chip sensors that allow us to

sense the metabolism/response of cells to sense the metabolism/response of cells to different stimuli (i.e., drugs)different stimuli (i.e., drugs)

Solution OriginalSolution Original

SolutionSolution

Primary Design: (picture)Primary Design: (picture)

Solution ContinuedSolution Continued

SolutionSolution

Secondary Design:Secondary Design:

SolutionSolution

Experimental Methods:Experimental Methods:

Load cells into deviceLoad cells into device

Begin perfusionBegin perfusion

Wait 24 hrs., 48 hrs., etc.Wait 24 hrs., 48 hrs., etc.

At different times periods test cell viability At different times periods test cell viability via fluorescencevia fluorescence

Test fluorescence via imagingTest fluorescence via imaging

MaterialsMaterials

Polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS)Polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS)

Negative Resist (SU-8)Negative Resist (SU-8)

Silicon WafersSilicon Wafers

MEMS laboratoryMEMS laboratory

8 mm masks8 mm masks

Platinum (working electrodes)Platinum (working electrodes)

Silver (reference Ag/AgCl electrodes)Silver (reference Ag/AgCl electrodes)

Fabrication StepsFabrication Steps

Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using mask, and develop lower region for cell insertion mask, and develop lower region for cell insertion and perfusion.and perfusion.

Cast PDMS replica of masterCast PDMS replica of master

Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using mask, and develop upper region for pneumatic mask, and develop upper region for pneumatic control of cell insertion channels.control of cell insertion channels.

Cast PDMS replica of master and then lay over Cast PDMS replica of master and then lay over top of lower regiontop of lower region

Business StrategyBusiness Strategy

ObjectiveObjective: Developing a strategy : Developing a strategy to market this BioMEMS device to to market this BioMEMS device to

major drug companiesmajor drug companies

Main Focus PointsMain Focus Points

Cost efficiencyCost efficiency Currently, $400-800 million and 10 years per drugCurrently, $400-800 million and 10 years per drug Lower cost due to decrease in reagent and labor Lower cost due to decrease in reagent and labor

usageusage <$1 per BioMEMS chip<$1 per BioMEMS chip

Scale up the number of cell cultures per Scale up the number of cell cultures per experimentexperiment Higher speed Higher speed faster experiments faster experiments

Greater control and modularity Greater control and modularity Portable experimentation Portable experimentation

Market BarriersMarket Barriers

Government regulation of medical devicesGovernment regulation of medical devices

Reluctance of pharmaceutical industry to Reluctance of pharmaceutical industry to universally invest lots of moneyuniversally invest lots of money

Lack of funding for BioMEMS start-up Lack of funding for BioMEMS start-up companiescompanies

Scaling up production of prototypesScaling up production of prototypes

Market PotentialMarket Potential

Worldwide MEMS market estimateWorldwide MEMS market estimate

         (in billions of $)(in billions of $)                                         2003    3.852003    3.85                     2004    4.52004    4.5                     2005    5.42005    5.4                     2006    6.22006    6.2                     2007    72007    7

Source: Yole DevelopmentSource: Yole Development

            2005 forecast MEMS markets by sector                          Automotive  41%             Telecom     29%             Bio-med     16%             Military     3%             Other       11%            

            Source: Peripheral Research Corp, Santa Barbara, Calif.

Industry ContactsIndustry Contacts

PfizerPfizerJohnson & JohnsonJohnson & JohnsonNovartisNovartisMEMS Industry GroupMEMS Industry GroupMicrochips, Inc.Microchips, Inc.ISSYS ISSYS Boehringer IngelheimBoehringer IngelheimAffymetrix, Inc.Affymetrix, Inc.Caliper Life SciencesCaliper Life SciencesCepheidCepheidOrchid CellmarkOrchid CellmarkRoger H. GraceRoger H. Grace

Author “The New MEMS and Author “The New MEMS and Their Killer Apps”Their Killer Apps”

http://finance.yahoo.com

ReferencesReferences

Fabrication of miniature Clark oxygen Fabrication of miniature Clark oxygen sensor integrated with microstructuresensor integrated with microstructure Ching-Chou Wu, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Hitoshi Ching-Chou Wu, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Hitoshi

Shiku, Tomokazu MatsueShiku, Tomokazu Matsue

A BioMEMS Review: MEMS Technology A BioMEMS Review: MEMS Technology for Physiologically Integrated Devicesfor Physiologically Integrated Devices AMY C. RICHARDS GRAYSON, REBECCA AMY C. RICHARDS GRAYSON, REBECCA

S. SHAWGO, AUDREY M. JOHNSON, S. SHAWGO, AUDREY M. JOHNSON, NOLAN T. FLYNN, YAWEN LI, MICHAEL J. NOLAN T. FLYNN, YAWEN LI, MICHAEL J. CIMA, AND ROBERT LANGERCIMA, AND ROBERT LANGER