bls_1345-58_1963.pdf

I

Occupational Wage Survey

CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA

APRIL 1963

U i i l l r l i n INo. 1 3 4 5 -5 8

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard W irtz, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STA TISTIC S Ewan Clague, Commissioner

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Occupational Wage Survey

CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA

APRIL 1963

Bulletin No. 1345-58June 1963

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary

B U R E A U O F LA B O R S T A T IS T IC S Ewan Clague, Com m issioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 20 cents


Preface

The L a b o r M a r k e t O c cu p a t io n a l W age S u rv e y P r o g r a m

E ig h ty - t w o la b o r m a r k e t s c u r r e n t ly a r e in c luded in the B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s p r o g r a m o f annual o c cu p a t ion a l w age s u r v e y s in m a j o r la b o r m a r k e t s . T h e s e s tu d ies p r o v id e data on o c c u p a t io n a l e a rn in g s and re la te d su p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s . In fo r m a t io n on r e la t e d s u p p le m e n ta r y b en e f i t s is ob ta in ed b ie n n ia l ly in m o s t o f the la b o r m a r k e t s .

A p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t w h ich p r e s e n t s ea rn in gs tren d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s and a v e r a g e e a r n ings in s e l e c t e d j o b s is r e l e a s e d w ith in a m o n th a fte r the c o m p le t i o n o f the study in e a ch a r e a . T h is bu l le t in p r o v id e s add it ion a l data not in c lu d ed in the p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t .

A t w o - p a r t s u m m a r y b u l le t in is i s s u e d a fte r the c o m p le t i o n o f a l l o f the a r e a b u l le t in s f o r a rou nd o f s u r v e y s ( f o r the c u r r e n t rou nd o f s u r v e y s , the f i r s t p a r t o f this b u l le t in w i l l be a v a i la b le la te in 1963 and the s e c o n d p a rt e a r ly in 1964). The f i r s t p a r t p r e s e n t s ind iv idual la b o r m a r k e t data. The s e c o n d p a r t p r e s e n t s data r e lating to a ll m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s in the United S tates .

T h is bu l le t in w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r e g ion a l o f f i c e in Atlanta, Ga. , by W il l ia m L. D ansby, under the d i r e c t i o n o f D on a ld M. C r u s e . The study was u nder the g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f L o u is B. W oy ty ch , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D i r e c t o r f o r W a g es and In d u s tr ia l R e la t io n s .

ContentsP a g e

In trod u ct ion _______________________________________________________________________ 1W age tren d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s -------------------------------------------- 3

T a b le s :

1. E s t a b l is h m e n ts and w o r k e r s with in s c o p e o f s u r v e y _____________ 22. P e r c e n t s o f in c r e a s e in s tan dard w e e k ly s a la r i e s and

s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e l e c t e do c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s _______________________ 2

A : O cc u p a t io n a l e a r n i n g s : *A - l . O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and w o m e n ---------------------------------------- 4A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c cu p a t ion s -m oen _________ 6A - 3. O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and te c h n ic a l

o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and w o m e n c o m b i n e d ------------------------------ 7A - 4 . M a in te n an ce and p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t io n s -------------------- 8A - 5. C u s t o d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s ------------ ------ 9

A p p e n d ix : O c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s -------------------------------------------------------------- 11

* N O T E : S im i la r ta b u la t ion s a r e a v a i la b le f o r o th erm a j o r a r e a s . (See in s id e b a c k c o v e r . )

Union s c a l e s , in d ica t iv e o f p r e v a i l in g pay l e v e l s in the C h a r lo t te a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a i la b le f o r the fo l lo w in g t r a d e s o r in d u s t r i e s : Build ing c o n s t r u c t io n , p r int ing ,l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t in g e m p l o y e e s , and m o t o r t r u c k d r iv e r s and h e l p e r s .

iii


Occupational Wage Survey—Charlotte, N.C.

Introduction

T h is a r e a is 1 of 82 la b o r m a r k e t s in w h ich the U.S. D e p a r t m e n t of L a b o r ' s B u rea u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s co n d u cts s u r v e y s of o c c u p a t io n a l ea rn in g s and r e la t e d w age b e n e f i t s on an a r e a w id e b a s i s .

T h is b u l le t in p r e s e n t s c u r r e n t o c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a r n in g s in fo r m a t io n ob ta in ed l a r g e l y b y m a i l f r o m the e s ta b l i s h m e n ts v i s i t e d by B u re a u f i e ld e c o n o m i s t s in the la s t p r e v io u s s u r v e y f o r o c c u p a t io n s r e p o r t e d in that e a r l i e r study. P e r s o n a l v i s i t s w e r e m a d e to n o n r e s p o n d e n ts and to th o s e r e s p o n d e n ts r e p o r t in g unusual ch an ges s in c e the p r e v io u s s u rv e y .

In e a c h a r e a , data a re ob ta in ed f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s t a b l i s h m e n ts w ith in s ix b r o a d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o n s : M a n u fa c tu r in g ; t r a n s p o r ta t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th er p u b l ic u t i l i t ie s ; w h o l e s a le t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta t e ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th e se s tu d ies a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a tion s and the c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s t r ie s . E s ta b l i s h m e n ts hav ing f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m it te d b e c a u s e th ey tend to fu r n is h in s u f f i c ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t ions s tu d ied to w a r r a n t in c lu s io n . S ep ar ate tabu la t ion s a r e p r o v id e d f o r e a ch of the b r o a d in d u s t r y d iv is io n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l ica t io n c r i t e r i a .

T h e s e s u r v e y s a re co n d u c te d on a s a m p le b a s is b e c a u s e of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . T o obta in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n of l a r g e than of s m a l l e s ta b l i s h m e n ts is s tudied . In c o m b in in g the data, h o w e v e r , a l l e s ta b l i s h m e n ts a re g iven th e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w eigh t. E s t i m a t e s b a s e d on the e s ta b l i s h m e n ts s tu d ied a re p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , as r e la t in g to a l l e s ta b l i s h m e n ts in the in d u s t r y gro u p in g and a re a , e x c e p t f o r th o se b e lo w the m i n im u m s iz e studied .

O c c u p a t i o n s and E a r n in g s

The o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r stu dy a re c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u fa c tu r in g and n o n m an u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r i e s , and a re o f the f o l l o w in g ty p e s : (a) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l and te c h n ic a l ;(c) m a in te n a n c e and p o w e r p la n t ; and (d) c u s t o d ia l and m a t e r i a l m o v e m en t. O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n i f o r m se t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t of in te r e s ta b l i s h m e n t v a r ia t io n in du t ies w ith in the s a m e jo b . The o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tudy a re l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in the app end ix . E a r n in g s data f o r s o m e of the o c c u p a t io n s l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d a r e not p r e s e n t e d in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s b e c a u s e e i th e r (1) e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t io n i s t o o s m a l l to p r o v id e en ough data to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t io n , o r (2) th e re is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t data.

O ccu p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s data a re show n fo r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th ose h i r e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a rn in g s data exc lu d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te s h i f t s . N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l iv in g b o n u s e s and in ce n t iv e e a r n in g s a re in c lu d ed . W h ere w e e k ly h o u r s a re r e p o r t e d , as fo r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w o r k s c h e d u le s ( rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t half hour) f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t - t im e s a l a r i e s a re pa id ; a v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r these o c c u p a t io n s have b e e n ro u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h alf d o l la r .

D i f f e r e n c e s in p ay l e v e l s f o r s e l e c t e d o c cu p a t io n s in w h ich both m e n and w o m e n a r e c o m m o n l y e m p lo y e d are l a r g e ly due to (1) d i f f e r e n c e s in the d is t r ib u t io n of the s e x e s am on g in d u str ie s and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ; (2) d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c du ties p e r f o r m e d , although the o c c u p a t io n s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e ly c l a s s i f i e d w ith in the sa m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n ; and (3) d i f f e r e n c e s in length of s e r v i c e or m e r i t r e v ie w w hen in d iv id u a l s a la r i e s a re a d ju s ted on this b a s is . L o n g e r a v e r a g e s e r v i c e of m e n w ou ld r e s u l t in h ig h er a v e r a g e p ay when both s e x e s a r e e m p lo y e d w ith in the s a m e ra te ran ge . Job d e s c r i p t ions u s e d in c la s s i f y in g e m p l o y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s are u su a l ly m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d than th ose u se d in in d iv id u a l e s ta b l is h m e n ts to a l lo w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s am on g e s ta b l i s h m e n ts in s p e c i f i c duties p e r f o r m e d .

O cc u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a t e s r e p r e s e n t the tota l in a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e of the study and not the n u m ber a c t u a l ly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s tru c tu re am on g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the e s t im a t e s of o c cu p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t obta ined f r o m the s a m p le of e s ta b l i s h m e n ts s tu d ied s e r v e on ly to in d icate the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s studied . T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p at ion a l s tr u c t u r e do not m a t e r i a l l y a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y of the e a r n in gs data.

E s ta b l i s h m e n t P r a c t i c e s and S u p p le m e n ta r y W age P r o v i s i o n s

T a b u la t io n s on s e l e c t e d e s ta b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s ta b les ) a r e not p r e s e n t e d in this b u lle t in . I n fo r m a t io n f o r th e se tabu la tion s i s c o l l e c t e d b ie n n ia l ly in th is a re a . T h e s e tabu la tion s on m in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r i e s fo r in e x p e r i e n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; shift d i f f e r e n t ia ls ; s ch e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s ; pa id h o l id a y s ; pa id v a c a t io n s ; and health, in su r a n c e , and p e n s io n p la n s a re p r e s e n t e d (in the B - s e r i e s ta b les ) in p r e v io u s b u l le t in s f o r th is a re a .

1


T a b le 1. E s ta b lis h m e n t s and w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and n u m b e r s tu d ie d in C h a r lo t t e , N .C . , 1 b y m a jo r in d u s tr y d iv is io n , A p r i l 1963

N um ber o f estab lishm ents W ork ers in estab lish m en ts

Industry d iv ision W ithin scop e o f study 3 Studied W ithin scop e

o f s tu d y4 Studied

A ll d iv is ion s _____ ____________ _____ — ------------------------ 304 120 51, 600 31, 870

M anufacturing n o 48 21, 500 13, 970N onm anufacturing _______ — -------- — -------- ------- --------

T ran sp orta tion , com m u n ication , and194 72 30, 100 17, 900

other pub lic u t i l i t ie s 5 __ ------- --------------------- -- 39 20 10, 300 8, 080W holesa le t r a d e 6 ____________ _____ ________ __________ 58 12 5, 800 1, 500R eta il t r a d e 6 _____________ „ . . ____________ — — ----- 44 16 8, 100 5, 160F in an ce , in su ran ce , and rea l e s ta te 6 __________________ 26 11 3, 400 1, 860S e rv ice s * ----------------- ----- --------------------- ------------------------ 27 13 2, 500 1, 300

1 The C h arlotte Standard M etrop olitan S tatistica l A re a co n s ists of M eck len bu rg County. The "w o rk e rs within scop e of study" es t im a tes shown in th is table p rov id e a reason au lv a c c u i. 'te d escr ip tion of the s ize and com p os it ion of the la b or f o r c e includ ed in the su rvey . The estim a tes are not intended, h ow ever , to se rv e as a basis of co m p a r iso n with other em ploym ent indexes fo r the a rea to m ea su re em ploym en t tren ds or lev e ls s in ce (1) planning o f w age su rveys req u ires the use of estab lish m en t data com p ile d c o n s id e ra b ly in advance of the p a y ro ll p er iod studied, and (2) sm all estab lish m en ts are exclu ded fro m the scop e of the su rvey .

2 The 1957 r e v ise d edition o f the Standard Industrial C la ss ifica tio n Manual w as u sed in c la ss ify in g estab lish m en ts by industry d iv ision .3 Includes a ll estab lish m en ts with total em ploym ent at o r above the m in im um lim ita tion (50 em p loy ees ). A ll outlets (within the area) of

com p an ies in such in d u stries as trade, fin a n ce , auto rep a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p ictu re th eaters are c o n s id e re d as 1 estab lish m en t.4 Includes a ll w o rk e rs in all estab lishm ents with total em ploym en t (within the area) at o r above the m in im um lim ita tion (50 em p loy ees ).5 T a x ica b s and s e r v ic e s inciden ta l to w ater tran sp orta tion w e re exclu ded .6 This industry d iv ision is rep resen ted in e stim a tes fo r "a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "non m an u factu rin g" in the S e r ie s A ta b les . S eparate p resen tation

o f data fo r this d iv ision is not m ade fo r one or m o re of the fo llow in g rea son s : (1) E m ploym ent in the d iv is ion is too sm all to p rov id e enough datato m e r it separate study, (2) the sam ple w as not designed in itia lly to p erm it separate presen tation , (3) resp on se w as in su ffic ien t or inadequate to p erm it separate p resen tation , and (4) th ere is p o ss ib ility o f d is c lo s u re o f individual estab lish m en t data.

7 H otels ; p erson a l s e r v ic e s ; b u sin ess s e r v ic e s ; autom obile rep a ir sh ops; m otion p ic tu re s , n on p rofit m em b ersh ip o rg a n iza tion s ; and engineering and a rch ite c tu ra l s e r v ic e s .

T a b le 2. P ercen ts o f in c re a s e in standard w eek ly s a la r ie s and stra ig h t-t im e hou rly earnings fo r se le cted occu pation a l g rou ps in C h arlotte , N .C . , fo r s e le cte d p er iod s

Industry and occu pation a l groupA p ril 1962

toA p ril 1963

A p ril 1961 to

A p ril 1962

A p ril I960 to

A p ril 1961

A ll in d u str ie s :O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and w om en) ________ __ . . ________ 2 .8 3 .4 2 .6Industrial n u rses (m en and w o m e n )__ . . __ _____ (*) (*) ( ‘ )S k illed m aintenance ( m e n )__________________________________ 3 .8 7 .9 4. 1U nskilled plant (m en) _______ __ . . . „ . . . 4 3 .6 2 .7

M anufacturing:O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and w om en) „ _ __ . . . _____ . . 3 .0 3 .4 2 .6Industrial n u rses (m en and w o m e n )_______________________ n (*) ( l )Skilled m aintenance (m e n )__________________________________ 1 .8 3 .7 3 .0U nskilled plant (m en) ____ ________ -------- _ -------- 1 .6 5. 2 2 .9

1 Data do not m eet pu b lication c r it e r ia .


3

Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups

P r e s e n t e d in tab le 2 a r e p e r c e n t a g e s of change in a v e r a g e s a la r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e s , and in a v e r a g e ea rn in g s o f s e l e c t e d plant w o r k e r g r o u p s .

F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s , the p e r ce n ta g e s o f ch ange re la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a la r i e s f o r n o r m a l h o u rs of w o r k , that i s , the s ta n d a rd w o r k s c h e d u le f o r w h ich s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r i e s a r e paid . F o r plant w o r k e r g r o u p s , th ey m e a s u r e ch a n ges in a v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and late sh i f t s . The p e r c e n t a g e s a r e b a s e d on data f o r s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u p a t io n s and i n c lu de m o s t o f the n u m e r i c a l l y im p o r ta n t j o b s within e a c h g ro u p . The o f f i c e c l e r i c a l data a r e b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in the f o l l o w in g 19 jo b s : B o o k k e e p i n g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B; c l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c la s s A and B; c l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A , B, and C; c l e r k s , o r d e r ; c l e r k s , p a y r o l l ; C o m p t o m e t e r o p e r a t o r s ; k eyp u n ch o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A and B; o f f i c e b o y s and g i r l s ; s e c r e t a r i e s ; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , g e n e r a l ; s t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r ; s w i t c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s ; t a b u la t in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B; and ty p is t s , c la s s A and B. The in d u s t r ia l n u r s e data a re b a s e d on m e n and w o m e n in d u s tr ia l n u r s e s . M en in the f o l l o w in g 8 s k i l le d m a in te n a n ce j o b s and 2 u n s k i l le d j o b s a r e in c lu d ed in the plant w o r k e r data: S k i l le d — c a r p e n t e r s ; e l e c t r i c i a n s ; m a c h in i s t s ; m e c h a n i c s ; m e c h a n i c s , a u t o m o t iv e ; p a in te r s ; p ip e f i t t e r s ; and too l and die m a k e r s ; u n sk i l le d — ja n i to r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s ; and l a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l handling.

A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s or a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s w e r e co m p u te d f o r e a c h of the s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s . The a v e r a g e s a la r i e s o r h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e then m u lt ip l ie d by e m p lo y m e n t in e a c h o f

the j o b s du rin g the p e r i o d s u r v e y e d in 1961. T h e s e w eigh ted earn ings f o r in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n s w e r e then to ta le d to obta in an a g g re g a te f o r e a c h o c c u p a t io n a l g ro u p . F in a l ly , the ra t io ( e x p r e s s e d as a p e r cen tage ) o f the g r o u p a g g r e g a t e f o r the one y e a r to the a g g re g a te f o r the o th e r y e a r was c o m p u te d and the d i f f e r e n c e b e tw e e n the re s u l t and 100 is the p e r c e n t a g e o f ch ange f r o m the one p e r i o d to the o th er .

T h e p e r c e n t a g e s of ch ange m e a s u r e , p r in c ip a l ly , the e f fe c t s of (1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and w a g e c h a n g e s ; (2) m e r i t o r oth er i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h i le in the sa m e jo b ; and (3) ch a n g es in a v e r a g e w a g e s due to ch a n g es in the la b o r f o r c e r e sult ing f r o m la b o r tu r n o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e re d u c t io n s , and ch a n g es in the p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by es ta b l is h m e n ts w ith d i f f e r e n t p ay l e v e l s . C h an ges in the la b o r f o r c e can ca u se in c r e a s e s or d e c r e a s e s in the o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout actu a l w age ch a n g e s . F o r e x a m p le , a f o r c e e x p a n s io n m igh t i n c r e a s e the p r o p o r t i o n o f l o w e r pa id w o r k e r s in a s p e c i f i c o c c u p a t io n and lo w e r the a v e r a g e , w h e r e a s a r e d u c t io n in the p r o p o r t i o n o f l o w e r paid w o r k e r s w o u ld have the o p p o s i te e f fe c t . S im i la r ly , the m o v e m e n t of a h ig h -p a y in g e s ta b l i s h m e n t out of an a r e a c o u ld ca u se the a v e r a g e e a r n in g s to d r o p , ev e n though no ch ange in r a te s o c c u r r e d in other e s ta b l i s h m e n ts in the a r e a .

T h e u se o f c on sta n t e m p lo y m e n t w e igh ts e l im in a te s the e f f e c t o f ch a n ges in the p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in ea ch j o b in c lu d e d in the data. The p e r c e n t a g e s of change are not in f lu en ced b y ch a n g es in s tan d ard w o r k s c h e d u le s or in p r e m iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e , s in c e they a re b a s e d on p a y f o r s t r a ig h t - t im e h ou rs .

W age in d ex es f o r s e l e c t e d g r o u p s of w o r k e r s b a s e d on data f r o m the la b o r m a r k e t s u r v e y s w e r e co m p u te d f o r 20 a r e a s b e tw e e n 1953 and I960. In 1961, the la b o r m a r k e t o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e p r o g r a m w a s ex p an d ed to in c lu d e 80 S tan dard M e t r o p o l i t a n S ta t is t ic a l A r e a s w h ich w i l l be s u r v e y e d annually . T h is e x p a n s io n m a d e data a v a i la b le f o r the co m p u ta t io n o f w a g e in d e x e s f o r s e l e c t e d j o b g r o u p in g s in ea ch of the 80 a r e a s . The a b ove text r e p r e s e n t s the m e th o d u se d in c o m p u t in g th ese new w a g e change in d e x e s . The new s e r i e s w a s in it ia ted la s t y e a r and the data a r e not c o m p a r a b le w ith tr e n d s p u b l is h e d p r i o r to that t im e .

T h e n ew s e r i e s c o v e r s the s a m e jo b g ro u p in g s as the e a r l i e r s e r i e s w ith the f o l l o w in g e x c e p t i o n s : The c l e r i c a l and in d u s t r ia l n u r s e g r o u p s , f o r m e r l yr e s t r i c t e d to w o m e n , now in c lu d e both m e n and w o m e n . C h an ges w e r e a l s o m ad e in the j o b s in c lu d e d w ith in j o b g ro u p in g s in o r d e r that an id e n t i c a l l i s t c o u ld be e m p lo y e d in a l l a r e a s .


4 A: Occupational EarningsTable A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women

(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charlotte, N. C. , A pril 1963)

Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

S e x , o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d iv i s i o nNumber

of Weekly Weekly ,$

4 0 * 4 5 $ 50$

55 $ 60 $ , 65$

70$

75$

80$

85$

90$

95$

100$

105$

n o%

115$

120 $ 125%

130$

135$

140S

145workers earnings 1 and an d(Standard) (Standard) u n d e r “ “ “ “ “ " “ ” “ “4 5 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 n o 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 o v e r

M e n

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s A 4 0 4 0 . 0 $ 1 0 5 .0 0 - - - - - 2 - 4 1 6 3 4 1 i 5 2 4 - 1 _ 5 1N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g __________________ __ 39 4 0 . 0 1 0 5 .0 0 - - - 2" - 4 1 6 3 4 1 l 4 2 4 - 1 - 5 i

22 4 0 . 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 2 2 4 l 4 2 4 1

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s B _____________ 94 4 0 . 0 9 8 .0 0 _ _ - 2 8 7 7 - 13 1 3 13 2 6 2 6 9 4 3 6 2 _N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _______________________ 88 4 0 . 0 9 9 .5 0 - - 2 8 5 5 - 12 1 3 12 2 6 2 6 9 4 3 6 2 -

28 4 0 . 0 8 8 .5 0 1 1 3 5 1 2 9 1 3 2

C l e r k s , o r d e r 140 4 0 . 0 7 7 .5 0 - 16 - 16 2 7 16 17 27 1 16 * 5 4 5 4 _ _ - _ _ _N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ______________ ______ 131 4 0 . 0 7 8 .0 0 16 16 " 4 16 16 26 16 4 4 4 5 4 " - - - -

C l e r k s , p a y r o l l ______________________________ 21 4 0 . 0 9 1 .5 0 - - - - 1 - 1 2 1 4 1 8 - 1 . 2 - - - - - -

O f f i c e b o y s ____________________________________ 4 5 3 8 . 5 5 9 .0 0 1 13 1 8 5 16 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _______________________ 4 0 3 9 . 0 5 9 .0 0 1 13 6 3 16 " ~ 1 - - - - - - -

T a b u la t in g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ,c l a s s A ______________________________________ _ 21 3 9 . 0 1 0 9 .5 0 - - - - - - 1 1 1 6 5 1 - - 5 1 - - -

T a b u la t in g -m a c h i n e o p e r a t o r s ,c l a s s B ________________________________________ 52 3 9 . 5 8 8 .0 0 - - ~ ~ 2 - 4 4 6 10 12 6 6 - 2 - - - - - - -

M a n u fa c t u r in g _______________ ___________ 20 3 9 . 0 8 7 .5 0 " 1 - - 1 1 9 4 3 1 - - - - - - - -N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ 32 3 9 . 5 8 8 .5 0 1 4 3 5 1 8 3 5 2 - - -

T y p i s t s , c l a s s B _____________________________ 25 4 0 . 5 7 2 .5 0 - - - - 3 1 12 6 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - .N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________ 25 4 0 . 5 7 2 .5 0 - " 3 1 12 6 3 - - - - - - - - - -

22 4 0 . 0 7 4 .5 0 1 12 6 3

W o m e n

B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b i l l in g m a c h in e ) _____ 4 8 3 8 . 5 6 6 .5 0 2 3 2 7 9 9 3 3 9 . - 1 - - - - - - - - - _N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g _______________________ 4 0 3 8 . 5 6 5 .5 0 2 3 2 7 6 5 3 3 9 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in gm a c h in e ) ______________________________________ 19 3 9 . 0 5 5 .5 0 2 2 5 3 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - -

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g ________________________ 19 3 9 . 0 5 5 .5 0 2 2 5 3 3 2 2 " _ ~ - - - " - - - -

B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,c l a s s A ___________________________________ __ 64 4 0 . 0 7 0 .0 0 - 2 12 14 4 13 7 - 5 4 - 3 - - - - - - - - -

51 4 0 . 0 6 8 .5 0 _ _ 2 12 14 _ 8 7 _ 2 4 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s ,26c l a s s B _______________________________________ 205 3 9 . 5 5 9 .0 0 1 55 53 27 10 17 7 “ 8 1 - - - - - - - -

M a n u fa c t u r in g ___________ __ __________ 25 3 9 . 5 6 2 .0 0 - " - ------4 17 4 - - " - " - - - - - - - - -

N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g __________ __________ 180 3 9 . 5 5 8 .5 0 1 26 55 4 9 10 10 13 7 " 8 1 " - - - - - - - - - -C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s A 132 3 8 . 5 7 7 .0 0 1 - - 2 19 17 29 17 14 4 12 8 8 - i - - - - - - .

26 3 9 . 0 7 8 .5 0 3 4 1 4 1 7N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ______________ ______ 106 3 8 . 5 7 6 .5 0 1 - - 2 16 11 25 16 10 4 11 1 8 - i - - - - - -

22 3 8 . 0 8 4 .0 0 3 4 2 3 10

C l e r k s , a c c o u n t in g , c l a s s B _____________ 4 7 9 3 9 . 0 6 7 .5 0 4 4 6 4 6 65 93 41 4 3 15 91 6 2 1 3 7 4 3 4 4 1 _ _ _M a n u fa c tu r in g ___________ ______________ 63 3 9 . 5 6 6 .5 0 - - 2 7 22 13 11 5 2 - 1 - - - - - - - - - -

4 1 6 3 9 . 0 6 7 .5 0 4 44 58 71 28 32 10 89 6 2 3 7 4 3 4 4 1

C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s A 41 4 0 . 0 6 7 .5 0 - 1 5 14 5 8 6 2 - - - _ - _ _ _N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g __________ _______ _ 40 4 0 . 0 6 7 .5 0 1 5 13 5 8 6 2 ' “ - - - - - -

C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B _______________________ 71 3 9 . 0 5 6 .5 0 10 9 17 8 13 3 8 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _

N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g __________ __________ 55 3 9 . 0 5 6 .6 0 10 8 10 5 13 1 8‘ '

~ “ “ ____ "

See footnotes at end of table.


5

Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women-----Continued

(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charlotte, N. C. , April 1963)

Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Sex, occupation, and industry division Numberofworkers Weeklyj(Standard)

Weekly earnings 1

(Standard)$ 40

and under

45

* 45

50

1 50

55

* 55

60

$ 60

65

$ 65

70

$ 70

75

$ 75

80

$ 80

85

5 85

90

* 90

95

* 95

100

$ 100

105

t 105

n o

* n o

115

* 115

120

* 120

125

125

130

* 1 3 d

135

5 135

140

s 140

145

* 145 and

Women— Continued

Clerks, file, class C ___________________Nonmanufacturing ___________________

115 40. 0 $52. 50 48 34 20 5 8105 39. 0 52. 50 _ 43 33 16 5 8 _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Public utilities 2 _________________ 18 40. 0 52. 00 - 4 7 6 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .C lerks, order ----------------------------------------- 57 40. 0 70. 00 3 - 2 1 _ 1 42 2 1 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Clerks, payroll ____________ ____ _ 161 39. 5 69. 50 1 8 4 17 29 35 25 13 13 1 2 5 4 l i 1 1Manufacturing ----------------------------------- 79 39. 5 69. 00 - - 4 9 15 13 21 10 1 1 - 1 4 - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 82 39. 5 70. 00 1 8 - 8 14 22 4 3 12 - 2 4 - l 1 - - 1 1 _ _ _

Public u tilit ies2 _________________ 31 39. 0 74. 50 - - - 4 4 6 1 - 12 - - 2 - 1 1 - - - - - - -Comptometer operators ___ — __ _ 108 39. 0 66. 00 6 4 18 5 18 17 20 6 2 3 6 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 97 39. 0 66. 50 6 4 14 5 14 17 17 6 2 3 6 1 2 - - - - - - - - -Keypunch operators, class A __________ 83 39. 5 71. 00 _ _ 3 6 14 10 28 11 3 3 2 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ . . .

Nonmanufacturing - _________________ 80 39. 5 70. 50 - - 3 6 14 10 28 10 3 2 1 2 l - - - - - - - -Keypunch operators, class B __________ 169 39. 0 61. 50 _ 5 28 43 54 17 3 1 8 2 8 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Manufacturing ________ __ ____ ____ 42 39. 0 66. 00 - - 11 9 7 2 1 - 2 2 8 - - - - - - - _ _ _Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 127 39. 0 60. 00 - 5 17 34 47 15 2 1 6 - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _

Public utilities 2 _________________ 60 39. 5 61. 50 - 3 6 15 24 3 2 1 6 - - - - - - - - - - - -O ffice girls ______________________________ 28 38. 5 52. 50 _ 6 11 10 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . .

Secretaries --------------------------------------------- 659 39. 0 82. 00 . . 21 19 52 71 81 87 78 56 47 32 51 23 9 19 5 2 4 i 1Manufacturing ____ __ __ ____ ____ 255 38. 5 85. 00 - - - - 5 40 33 28 34 21 23 14 30 13 5 6 1 1 - i - -Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 404 39. 0 79. 50 - - 21 19 47 31 48 59 44 35 24 18 21 10 4 13 4 1 4 _ _ 1

Public u tilities2 _________________ 136 39. 0 88. 00 - - 4 3 12 10 17 23 12 7 10 14 6 - 9 4 1 4 - - -Stenographers, general ____ — — __ _ 391 39. 0 68. 00 - 15 36 51 82 58 45 27 28 9 29 5 4 2 _ - - _ _ _ _ _

Manufacturing _________ ____ 85 39. 5 75. 00 - - - 8 11 16 16 5 3 2 24 - - - - - - - - - - _Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 306 39. 0 66. 00 - 15 36 43 71 42 29 22 25 7 5 5 4 2 - - - - - - - -

Public u tilit ies2 __ ____ __ ___ 162 39. 0 70. 50 - 1 14 19 30 27 15 13 21 7 5 4 4 2 - - - - - -Stenographers, senior _________________ 51 39. 0 84. 00 _ . _ _ 2 8 5 8 4 2 2 17 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 31 38. 0 81. 50 - - - - 2 3 5 6 4 2 _ 6 1 2 - - - - * - - -Switchboard operators --------------------------- 75 40. 5 64. 00 3 14 2 _ 16 9 5 4 11 2 2 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 59 41. 0 61. 00 14 2 - 15 4 4 3 10 1 1 5 - - - - - - - - - - _Public u tilities2 _________________ 22 39. 0 76. 00 - - - 3 1 1 - 10 1 1 5 - - - - - - - - - -

Switchboard o p e ra to r -re ce p t io n is ts___ 98 39. 5 63. 50 - - 17 13 26 16 21 3 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _______________________ 28 39. 5 61. 50 - 8 5 5 5 4 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 70 39. 5 64. 00 " 9 8 21 1 1 17 3 1 - - - - " - - -

Tabulating-machine operators,class B ------------------------------------------------- 64 38. 5 73. 00 - - - 7 5 10 14 7 18 - 2 1 - - - - - - - - - -

Transcribing-m achine operators, general ------------------------------------------------- 115 39. 5 63. 50 8 43 22 25 3 7 3 1 2 1

Nonmanufacturing ___________________ 90 39. 5 65. 00 - - 4 27 22 24 3 3 - 3 1 - 2 i - - - - - - - -Typists, class A ________________1_______ 34 39. 0 66. 50 - - 9 3 8 5 - - 6 1 - - 2 _ - - - - _ _ _ _

Nonmanufacturing ------ — __ — __ _ 28 39. 0 64. 00 - - 9 3 8 3 - - 3 - - - 2 - - - - - - - - -Typists, class B ------------------------------------- 232 39. 0 58. 50 3 23 42 46 70 36 7 5 - - - - - _ _ _ _ . - _ _ _

Manufacturing ------------ __ __ __ __ _ 53 39. 0 60. 00 - 6 7 13 10 11 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 179 39. 0

-----------58. 00 3 17 35 3 3 60 25 2 4 “ " “ - “ “ "

—" “

Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.Includes 6 w orkers at $35 to $40.


6

Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men

(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charlotte, N. C. , April 1963)

Occupation and industry divisionNumber

ofworkers

Avbbaqb NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF—

Weeklyj

(Standard)

Weekly j earnings

(Standard)

* 60 and

under 65

$ 65

70

$ 70

__ 75.

$ 75

80

$ 80

85

$ 85

90

$ 90

_ 95 _

* 95

. 100.

$ 100

_ 105.

$ 105

n o

$ n o

115

$ 115

120

$ 120

125

$ 125

13.0

S 130

135

$ 135

140

$ 140

145

Draftsmen, senior ______________________ _____ — _ 77 40. 0 $ 109. 00 5 6 10 12 13 4 6 6 11 1 2 1Manufacturing _______________________________________ 31 40. 0 104. 50 - - - - - 2 5 2 11 6 1 - - 4 - - -Nonmanufacturing ------ --------------------------------------------- 46 40. 0 112. 50 “ " “ " 3 1 8 1 7 3 6 6 7 1 2 1

Draftsmen, junior ____ __ ________ __ — — — _ 53 40. 0 80. 50 3 6 7 5 11 15 5 _ _ 1 _ _ . . .Manufacturing __ ~ — __ __ __ __ — 30 40. 0 77. 50 i 4 4 2 7 10

1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.


Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined

7

(Average straight-tim e weekly earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charlotte, N .C ., April 1963)

Occupation and industry division Numberofworkers

Average

(Standard)Occupation and industry division Numberof

Averageweeklyearnings(Standard)Occupation and industry division

Number Averageweeklyearnings1(Standard)

O ffice occupations O ffice occupations— Continued O ffice occupations— Continued

B illers , machine (billing machine) _________________ 50 $67.00 197 $75.50 51 $84.0040 65.50 22 76.00 31 81.50

Nonmanufacturing __ __ __ __ __ 175 75.50Switchboard operators __________________________ __ 75 64.00

B illers, machine (bookkeeping machine) __________ 19 55.50 59 61.0019 55.50 182 72.00 22 76.00

Manufacturing ___________________ _________ ___ 89 71.5093 73.00 98 63.50

64 70.00 41 79.00 Marmfartnring 28 61.5051 38750“ 70 64.00

Comptomete r operators _________________ ____ 108 66.00 Tabulating-machine operators, clas s A ____________ 25 108.00Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B _________ 206 59.00 Nonmanufactur ing _________________ _______ 97 66.50

25 62.00 116 80.00Nonmanufacturing ______________ ____ ________ 181 58.50 Manufacturing ___ ________ ____ ________________ 35 81.00

Keypunch operators, class A -------------- ----------------- 87 72.00 Nonmanufacturing __ _____________________________ 81 79.00Nonmanufacturing ____________________ _ — 84 71.50

Clerks, accounting, class A __________ ____________ 172 83.50 Tabulating-machine op erators, clas s C _____________ 49 68.00Manufacturing __ __ __ __ __ — __ __ ____ __ 27 80.00Nonmanufacturing __ __ ____ __ _ — _ _____ 145 84.00 169 61.50 Transcribing-m achine operators, g e n e r a l___ _ ___ 116 63.50

4 4 94.50 42 66.00 91 65.00127 60.00

60 61.50 34 66.50573 72.50 28 64.00

Manufacturing ________________________________ 69 67.50504 73.00 73 56.50 257 60.00203 75.50 58 56.50 53 60.00

17 65.00 204 60.00Public u tilities2 _______ ____ ________________ 29 70.50

Clerks, f i le , class A -------- __ _ __ ---------------------- 42 68.00TSlon m armfartnring 41 ' 7,8.50 659 82.00

Manufacturing ______ __ ____ ____ ____ ___ 255 85.00 Professional and technical occupationsNonmanufacturing _____ ________ ____ ________ 404 79.50

71 56.50 136 88.00------S3- 'Sfc.'O'O" 78 109.00

Manufacturing _ -------- ----------------- ----------------- 31 104.50394 68.50 47 112.00

115 52.50 85 75.00io5 52.50 309 66.50 55 81.00

18 52.00 165 70.50 31 78.50

Earnings relate to regular straight-tim e weekly salaries that are paid for standard workweeks. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.


8Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(A v e ra g e s tra ig h t -t im e h ou r ly ea rn in gs fo r m en in se le c te d occu p a tio n s stud ied on an a re a b a s isby in d u stry d iv is io n , C h a rlo tte , N. C . , A p r il 1963)

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation and industry divisionNumber

ofworkersAverage hourly . earnings1

$1. 10 and

under

$1. 20 $1.30$1.40

$1. 50 $ ,1. 60

$1.70

$1.80

$1.90 oo $2. 10 $2. 20 $2. 30 $2. 40 $2. 50 $ , 2. 60 $2. 70 $2. 80 $2. 90 *3 00

$3. 10

$3. 20 $3. 30 $3.40 $3. 50 *3. 60

1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1-90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3. 00 3 10 3. 20 3. 30 3. 40 3. 50 3. 60 3. 70

Carpenters, maintenance --------------------- 31 $ 2. 30 1 1 1 2 1 3 3 3 3 4 4 1 4Manufacturing __________ — — ------ 16 2. 19 - - - - - 1 - 2 1 3 3 2 - 1 - - 3 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing — ------- — — — 15 2. 42 " 1 1 “ " ' " " 1 ' 2 4 4 1 1 - " “ "

E lectricians, maintenance ------------------- 28 2. 56 1 2 2 5 . 3 4 i 1 4 528

24

2. 56

2. 49

------3Ma fscturiu^

Engineers, stationary _________________ 4 2 2 3 1 2 1 8 1

Firem en, stationary boiler ------------------ 27 1. 58 4 8 6 1 1 3 4Manufacturing ---------------------------------- 23 1. 62 - 4 6 4 - - 1 1 3 4 -

H elpers, maintenance trades -------------- 70 1. 60 5 15 7 14 12 6 1 4 6Manufacturing ______________________ 54 1. 56 - 5 15 2 13 12 1 - - “ ------5“

Machinists, maintenance ------- ------------ 18 2. 46 i 2 1 3 1 1 1 5 3Manufacturing ______________________ 18 2. 46 i 2 1 3 1 1 1 5 - - 3 - " - - -

M echanics, automotive(maintenance) -------------------------------------- 244 2. 66 - - - 4 - 5 - 17 11 7 4 15 1 11 13 3 3 47 68 3 16 - 10 - 6 -

33 1. 97 4 l3 5 " 2 " 4 1 3 1Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------- 211 2. 77 - - - - 5 - 4 6 5 - 15 j 11 13 3 46 68 3 16 - 10 - 6 -

Public utilities 2 -------------------------- 203 2. 80 _ _ _ “ " 4 6 5 “ 15 v_ 11 12 “ 3 46 66 3 16 “ 10 6

M echanics, maintenance ---------------------- 100 2. 21 . . 3 _ _ i 5 19 5 19 9 5 3 8 4 . 7 . 4 2 5 1Manufacturing ______________________ 79 2. 18 - - - - - i 5 19 5 19 9 - 3 2 - - 5 - 4 2 5 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------- 21 2. 34 " - 3 5 " 6 4 2 1

O ilers _________ — — --------- ----------- 28 1. 48 3 3 9 9 1 1 228 1.48

1 Excludes premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.


Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations9

(A v e ra g e s tra ig h t-t im e h ou rly ea rn in gs fo r s e le c te d occu p a tio n s stud ied on an a re a b a s isby in dustry d iv is io n , C h a rlotte , N. C. , A p r il 1963)

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation 1 and industry division NumberofworkersAverage hourly , earnings

$0. 70 and

under . 80

$0. 80

.90

$0. 90

1.00

$1. 00

1. 10

$1. 10

1. 20

$1. 20

1. 30

$1. 30

1.40

$1. 40

1. 50

$1. 50

1.60

$ ,1. 60

1. 70

$1. 70

1. 80

$1. 80

1.90

$1. 90

2. 00

$2. 00

2. 10

$2. 10

2. 20

%2. 20

2. 30

$2. 30

2. 40

o o

^ in

$2. 50

2. 60

% ,2. 60

2. 70

$2..70

2. 80

$2. 80

2. 90

$2. 90

3. 00

Guards and watchmen ---------------------------- 112 $ 1. 56 2 10 14 19 10 15 2 13 2 25Manufacturing ------------ ------------------ 86 1.65 - - - - 14 19 9 12 - 6 1 - - - - - - 25 - - - -

Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 26 1.29 2 - - 10 1 3 2 7 1

Janitors, porters, and cleaners(men) ----------------------------------------------------- 680 1. 30 10 12 6 47 258 71 79 62 57 21 25 12 1 - 19 - - - _ _ _ _ _

Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 329 1. 36 - - - - 124 28 45 51 45 2 23 - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 351 1.23 10 12 6 47 134 43 34 11 12 19 2 12 1 - 8 - - - - - - - -

73 1. 31 19 18 20 11

Janitors, porters, and cleaners(women) ---------- ---------------------------------- 79 1. 19 - - - 10 47 9 7 4 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing --------- . . ------------------ 19 1.25 - - - - 12 4 - 1 - - 2Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 60 1. 17 " " 10 35 5 7 3

Laborers, m aterial handling ----------------- 1, 116 1.65 3 221 266 100 67 44 29 28 12 10 36 129 2 169Manufacturing --------- ----------------------- 268 1. 30 - - - - 102 47 36 38 25 9 1 1Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 848 1.76 - - - 3 119 219 64 29 19 20 17 12 10 36 129 - 2 - - - 169 - -

Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 372 2. 32 ■ " ~ 20 “ 10 4 13 4 6 36 n o “ 169 "

Order fillers ------------------------------------------- 324 1. 59 4 45 36 29 30 24 16 49 32 13 9 15 19 3Manufacturing --------- ----------------------- 49 1. 52 - - - - - 14 20 2 - - - - - - 13 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 275 1.60 ■ " 4 45 22 9 28 24 16 49 32 13 9 2 19 3 " " " “ ~

Packers, shipping (men) — — — — — 114 1. 49 16 24 12 8 4 28 17 - 5Manufacturing — — __ — __ — — 55 1.40 - - 6 19 12 8 4 - 1 - 5 " - - -

Packers, shipping (women) ------------------- 64 1.22 27 31 2 2 2Manufacturing --------- ----------------------- 64 1.22 - - - - 27 31 2 - 2 - - - - - 2 “ - - -

Receiving clerks ------------------------------------- 96 1.86 3 14 6 8 7 10 2 8 11 5 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 1Manufacturing ----------------------------------- 37 1.74 - - - - - 3 1 1 8 7 8 2 - 1 1 3 - 1 - - - 1 -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------- 59 1. 94 ■ “ " " 13 5 “ " 2 " 8 10 4 1 3 " 1 1 1 1

Shipping clerks --------------------------------------- 51 2. 00 . . . . 8 2 5 5 6 2 7 3 . 8 5 . .Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 43 2. 03 - " " “ " “ 8 2 5 1 2 2 7 3 “ 8 5 " - -

Shipping and receiving clerks ---------------- 43 1.95 . 2 5 . 11 3 6 7 8 . 1 . .Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 33 1.93 - - - - - ~ 2 2 - 11 3 6 8 " 1 “ -

T ru ck d rivers4 --------------------------------------- 798 2. 14 6 44 37 88 19 25 17 28 48 18 10 4 5 3 135 i 3 27 8 16 256Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 67 1.43 - - - - r r 17 7 7 6 4 9 5 - - - - - 1 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ 731 2. 21 - 6 - 44 26 71 12 18 1 1 24 39 13 10 4 5 3 135 - 3 27 8 16 256

Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 386 2. 69 - 10 5 10 1 1 78 2 20 2 1 256

See footnotes at end o f table.


Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations— Continued

(A v e ra g e s tra ig h t -t im e h o u r ly earn in gs fo r s e le c te d o ccu p a tion s stud ied on an a re a b a s isb y in du stry d iv is io n , C h a rlo tte , N. C . , A p r il 1963)

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF—

Occupation 1 and industry divisionNumber

ofworkersAverage hourly 2 earnings

$0.70 and

under . 80

$0.80

. 90

$0 . 9 0

1.00

s1. 00

1. 10

s1. 10

1. 20

$1. 20

1. 30

$1. 30

1.40

$1.40

1. 50

$1. 50

1.60

$ , 1.60

1. 70

$1. 70

1.80

$1.80

1 . 9 0

$1 . 9 0

2. 00

$2. 00

2 . 1 0

$2. 10

2 . 2 0

s2. 20

2. 30

$2. 30

2. 40

$2.40

2. 50

$2. 50

2. 60

$2. 60

2. 70

$2.70

2. 80

$2. 80

2 . 9 0

$2. 90

3 . 0 0

Truckdrivers 4— Continued

T ru ck d rivers, light (under11 /z tons) ________ _________ _____ 238 $1.61 - 6 ~ 42 12 33 14 12 8 12 24 13 2 - 2 2 56 - - - - - -

Manufacturing __ _______________ 28 1. 37 - - - - 9 6 6 3 4Nonmanufacturing ________________ 210 1. 64 “ 6

'42 12 24 8 6 5 8 24 13 2

" * 56 “ “ “ “ “

Truckdrivers, medium (IV 2 to andincluding 4 tons) ___________________ 348 2. 33 - - - 2 15 15 5 13 9 16 21 - 8 4 3 1 79 1 3 2 8 1 142

Manufacturing ____________________ 31 1. 38 - - " 11 8 1 1 3 6 - " - ' - 1 - * - -Nonmanufacturing ________________ 317 2.43 - - - 2 4 7 4 12 6 16 15 - 8 4 3 1 79 - 3 2 8 1 142

Public u tilities3 _______________ 252 2. 60 " “ “ " _ " ” 10 5 “ 10 " “ 1 1 78 " 2 ' 2 1 142

T ruckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,tra iler type) ___ ___________ _____ 153 2. 80 3 4 - - - - - - - 25 - 15 106

Nonmanufacturing ________________ 146 2. 85 25 - 15 106Public utilities 3 126 2. 86 20 106

T ruckers, power (forklift) _____________ 173 2. 03 _ _ _ _ _ 27 6 14 2 17 9 26 4 1 6 4 2 _ _ _ _ . 55Manufacturing ______ _________ ____ 58 1.67 - 10 6 4 1 5 4 20 - - 6 - 2 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __________________ 115 2. 21 17 10 1 12 5 6 4 1 4 55

1 Data lim ited to men w orkers except where otherwise indicated.2 Excludes premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.3 Transportation, com munication, and other public utilities.4 Includes all drivers regardless o f size and type of truck operated.


Appendix: Occupational DescriptionsThe primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’s wage surveys is to assist its

field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau’s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau’s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE

BILLER, MACHINE

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:

B iller , m achine (b illin g m a ch in e)—V ises a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers’ purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

B iller , m achine (b o o k k eep in g m a ch in e)—Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers’ bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers’ ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.

C la s s A—Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.

C la ss B — Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers’ accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

CLERK, ACCOUNTING

C la ss A—Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment’s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts

11Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

12

payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks.

C la ss B — Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers.

CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued

CLERK, FILE

C la s s A—In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerks.

C la s s B — Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files.

C la s s C —Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e.g., alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files.

CLERK, ORDER

Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any com bin ation o f th e fo llo w in g : Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow uporders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL

Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earnings based on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker’s name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR

Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathematical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)

Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material.


KEYPUNCH OPERATOR

C la s s A—Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source documents to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but in addition, work requires application of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators.

C la s s B —Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc., are referred to supervisor.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL

Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.

SECRETARY

Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and

13

SECRETARY— Continued

making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; and taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior.

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively routine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator.)

STENOGRAPHER,SENIOR

Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.

OR

Performs stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographicspeed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.


14

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR

Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator- receptionist.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST

In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR

C l a s s A—Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical accounting machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports, D o e s not in c lu d e working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations a n d day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators.

C l a s s B — Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive a-ccounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine.

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR-Continued

C l a s s C — Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.

TYPIST

Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records., filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.

C l a s s A—Performs on e or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Typing material in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language material; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.

C l a s s B — Performs one or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.


15

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICALDRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR

(Assistant draftsman)Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts

man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman.

DRAFTSMAN, LEADER

Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; and performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature.

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR

Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a co m b in a tio n o f the fo llo w in g : Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR-Continued

completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; and making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting.

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a c o m b in a - tion o f the fo llo w in g : Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.

TRACER

Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple drawings and do simple lettering.

MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in goodrepair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g :

Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter’s handtools, portable

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE-Continued

power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.


16

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE

Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician’s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

ENGINEER, STATIONARY

Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintainingequipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May a ls o supervise these operations. H e a d or c h i e f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b li s h - m en ts e m p lo y in g more than one e n g in e e r are e x c lu d e d .

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER

Fire stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; and checks water and safety valve. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment.

HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES

Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis.

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM

Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE

Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Interpreting written instructions andspecifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist’s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working


MACHINIST, M A IN T E N A N C E -C ontinuedproperties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist’ s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)

Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and- experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE

Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experien ;e usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose prim ary d u ties involve setting up or adjusting machines.

17

Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

OILER

MILLWRIGHT

Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of. mechanical equipment of an establishment.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE

Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE

Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipecutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings


18

and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. W orkers p rim a rily e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g a n d

re p a irin g b u ild in g s a n ita tio n or h e a tin g s y s t e m s are e x c lu d e d .

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE

Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation ofvents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber’s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE

Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet- metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available

P IP E F IT T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E -C on tin u edtypes of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

TOOL AND DIE MAKER

(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker)

Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work involves m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and laying out of work frommodels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’s handtools and precision measuring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker’s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.

SH EET-M ETA L WORKER, M A IN T E N A N C E -C on tin u ed

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT

ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER

Transports passengers between floors of an office building apartment house, department store, hotel, or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded.

GUARD

Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In c lu d es g a te - men w h o are s t a t io n e d at g a te and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th er p e r s o n s e n te rin g .


JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

(Sweeper; charwomen; janitress)

Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a com bin ation o f the fo llo w in g :

Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded.

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING

(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)

A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the fo llo w

in g : Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on orfrom freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. L o n g sh o re m e n , who lo a d a n d u n lo a d s h ip s are e x c lu d e d .

ORDER FILLER

(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)

Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers’ orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform Other related duties.

19

PACKER, SHIPPING

Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may in v o lv e one or more o f the fo llo w in g : Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verifycontent; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. P a c k e r s w ho a ls o m ake

w o o d en b o x e s or c ra te s are e x c lu d e d .

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK

Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. S h ip

p in g w ork in v o lv e s : A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices,routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. R e c e iv in g

w ork i n v o lv e s : Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files.

For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:

R e c e iv in g c le r k

S h ip p in g c le r kS h ip p in g a n d r e c e iv in g c le rk


20

Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers’ houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D r iv e r -s a le s m e n a n d o v e r -t h e -r o a d d r iv e r s

are e x c lu d e d .

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated onthe basis of trailer capacity.)

T r u c k d r iv e r (co m b in a tio n o f s i z e s l is t e d s e p a r a t e ly ) T r u c k d r iv e r , lig h t (u n d er 1% to n s)T r u c k d r iv e r , m edium (1% to a n d in c lu d in g 4 to n s)T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y (o v e r 4 ton s, tra ile r t y p e )T r u c k d r iv e r , h e a v y (o v e r 4 to n s, oth er than tra ile r t y p e )

TRUCK DRIVER TR U C K ER , POWEROperates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered

truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.

For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows:

T ru c k e r, p o w e r (fo r k lift )T ru c k e r, p o w e r (o th e r than fo rk lift)

WATCHMAN

Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.


Occupational Wage Surveys

A lis t o f the latest available bulletins is p r esen ted be low . A d i r e c t o r y indicating dates o f e a r l ie r s tu d ies , and the p r i c e s o f the bulletins is available upon requ est . Bulletins m ay be pu rch a sed f r o m the Superintendent o f D ocu m en ts , U. S. G overn m en t Pr int ing O f f i c e , W ashington 25, D. C. , o r f r o m any o f the BLS r e g ion a l sa les o f f i c e s shown on the inside front c o v e r .

A reaBulletinnum ber P r i c e

A k ron , Ohio _________________________________Albany—Schenectady—T r o y , N. Y. _______A lbuquerque, N. M ex . ____________________Allentown—B eth leh em —Easton , P a .—N. J.Atlanta, Ga. _________________________________B a lt im o r e , Md. ____________________________Beaum ont—P o r t A rth u r , Tex . ____________B irm in g h a m , Ala. _________________________B o is e , Idaho ________________________________B oston , M a ss . _____________________________

B u ffa lo , N. Y .................................. ..........................Burlington , Vt. ____________________________Canton, Ohio _______________________________C h ar les ton , W. Va. _______________________C h ar lo tte , N. C. ____________________________Chattanooga, T e n n . -G a . __________________C h ica g o , 111. ________________________________Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky. ______________________C leve lan d , Ohio ____________________________C o lu m b u s , Ohio ____________________________

D allas , T ex . ________________________________D avenport—R o c k Island—M oline , Iowa—111.Dayton, Ohio ________________________________D en v er , C o lo . ______________________________Des M o in e s , Iowa __________________________D etro it , M ich . _____________________________F o r t W orth , Tex . __________________________G reen B ay , W is . ___________________________G r e e n v i l le , S. C. ___________________________Houston, Tex . ______________________________

Indianapolis , Ind. ____________________Jackson , M is s . _______________________J a ck so n v i l le , F la . ___________________Kansas City , M o . —Kans. ____________L a w re n ce —H averh il l , M a s s . —N. H. . Little R ock —North Little R o ck , Ark.L os A n g e le s—Long B ea ch , Calif . ___L o u is v i l l e , K y .—Ind. _________________L u bbock , T ex . ________________________M a n ch e s te r , N. H. ____________________M e m p h is , Tenn. _____________________

1303-811345-531303-671345-451303-651345-231303-781345-561303-771345-15

1345-301345-501303-621303-611345-581345-81303-641345-541345-141345-28

1345-211345-181345-351345-321345-421345-471345-271345-31303-701303-79

1345-261345-431345-391345-221303-761345-71303-531345-481303-741345-21345-36

25 cents20 cents25 cents20 cents30 cents25 cents25 cents20 cents25 cents25 cents



25 cents20 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents30 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents

A re a

M i a m i , F l a . ____________________________________________M i l w a u k e e , W i s . ____________________________________M i n n e a p o l i s —S t . P a u l , M in n . _________________M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e ig h t s , M i c h . ______N e w a r k a n d J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . ________________N e w H a v e n , C o n n . ___________________________________N e w O r l e a n s , L a . ___________________________________N e w Y o r k , N . Y ..........................................................................N o r f o l k —P o r t s m o u t h an d N e w p o r t N e w s —

H a m p t o n , V a . _______________________________________O k la h o m a C i t y , O k la . _____________________________

O m a h a , N e b r . —Io w a _______________________________P a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . _____________P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N . J . ___________________________P h o e n i x , A r i z . _______________________________________P i t t s b u r g h , P a . ______________________________________P o r t l a n d , M a in e _____________________________________P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a s h . _________________________P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t , R . I . — M a s s . _______R a l e i g h , N . C . ________________________________________R i c h m o n d , V a . _______________________________________

R o c k f o r d , 111. _________________________________S t . L o u i s , M o . —111. _________________________S a l t L a k e C i t y , U t a h _______________________________S a n A n t o n i o , T e x . ___________________________________S a n B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r i o , C a l i f .S a n D i e g o , C a l i f . ____________________________________S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d , C a l i f . _______________S a v a n n a h , G a . ________________________________________S c r a n t o n , P a . ________________________________________S e a t t l e , W a s h . ________________________________________

S io u x F a l l s , S . D a k . ______________________________S o u th B e n d , In d . _____________________________________S p o k a n e , W a s h . ______________________________________T o l e d o , O h io __________________________________________T r e n t o n , N . J . ________________________________________W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . —M d . —V a . ____________________W a t e r b u r y , C o n n . ___________________________________W a t e r l o o , Io w a _______________________________________W i c h i t a , K a n s . _______________________________________W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . _________________________________Y o r k , P a . _______________________________________________

B u l l e t i nn u m b e r

1345-331303-571345-381303-681345-461345-371345-441303-58

1303-751345-6

1345-121303-711345-311345-571345-401345-241303-721303-661345-11345-19

1345-551345-171345-251303-631345-91345-101345-341303-801345-51345-4

1345-131345-521303-731345-511345-291345-161345-491345-201345-111303-821345-41

P r i c e

20 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents20 cents25 cents30 cents

20 cents25 cents



20 cents20 cents20 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents20 cents25 cents25 cents25 cents20 cents


3V-*-L

0E F*A R T /v»£.

1963\ YEARS^OF PROGRESS . Co*>>

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