Blood Diseases/Disorders

Bell Work

1. What blood test gives numerous blood counts, calculations, and microscopic evaluations of blood cells?

2. What measures your sugar (glucose) level, electrolyte and fluid balance, kidney function, and liver function

3. What provides an average of your blood sugar control over the past 2 to 3 months?

4. What measures the cholesterol in your blood in the absence of food?

Bell Work Answers

1. CBC – Complete Blood Count

2. CMP – Complete Metabolic Count

3. HgB A1 C

4. Fasting Lipid Panel

Standard

18) Outline the in-depth normal structure and function of blood and related components. Summarize appropriate medical text(s) in order to list signs and symptoms of common blood diseases and disorders associated with each. Define the following common laboratory procedures, both normal and abnormal, and provide the reasoning for why the test should be obtained:

• a. Complete Blood Count

• b. Complete Metabolic Panel

• c. Fasting Lipid Panel

• d. Hgb A1C

Objectives

• Summarize appropriate medical text(s) in order to list signs and symptoms of common blood diseases and disorders associated with each

Diseases/Conditions1. Anemias (include details on at least two types)

2. Sickle Cell Anemia and Thalassemia

3. Hemophilia and von Willebrand’s Disease

4. Acute and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

5. Acute and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

6. Lymphoma and Myeloma

7. Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

8. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

9. Thrombocytopenia and Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP)

10. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

11. Hemochromatosis

12. Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Vein Thrombosis

Disease Research: Complete today, Present Tomorrow• Describe disease and it’s process

• Who is susceptible? Or How do people get it?

• What are the symptoms?

• How is it diagnosed? ( what blood test?)

• How is it treated?

• What is the prognosis for people with this disease

Write at least a two page double spaced paper using a 12 font. Please be sure to properly cite your sources and include a bibliography page. You may print it and submit or you may submit to me electronically.

Bell Work

1. What is the medical term for bleeding?

2. What is the study of blood called?

3. What is the name of physician who studies blood disorders?

4. What is the White Blood Cell that indicates a chronic infection and travels in the blood stream?

5. What is the White Blood Cell that would release histamine due to an inflammatory response?

Anemia

• Decrease in the number of RBC or hemoglobin in the circulating blood.

• don't have enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to the body's tissues

• Many types

• Can you recall any types from Health Science?

• Can you list any symptoms that might be seen in someone with anemia?

Iron- Deficiency Anemia

• Most Common

• is usually due to chronic blood loss caused by excessive menstruation, bleeding into or from the gut as a result of a peptic ulcer, gastritis, hemorrhoids. This condition is treated with iron supplementation

• Iron deficiency occurs when the use of iron is more than its rate of absorption

• common symptoms of chronic anemia include tiredness, weakness, shortness of breath and sometimes, a fast heartbeat.

Sickle Cell Anemia

• a group of inherited red blood cell disorders. • abnormal hemoglobin, called hemoglobin S or sickle hemoglobin, in their

red blood cells.• It can form stiff rods within the red cell, changing it into a crescent,

or sickle shape.• Sickle-shaped cells are not flexible and can stick to vessel walls, causing a

blockage that slows or stops the flow of blood. When this happens, oxygen can’t reach nearby tissues.

• Sickle cell disease is a life-long illness. The severity of the disease varies widely from person to person.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2CsgXHdWqVs&index=2&list=PLD389916CB1F17621

Leukemia• Cancer of the blood cells.

• Marked increase in the number of abnormal or immature WBC in the bone marrow and circulating blood

• Classified by the type of WBC affected

Types of Leukemia:

• Myeloma: Cancer of the plasma cells - white blood cells that produce disease- and infection-fighting antibodies in your body. Prevent the normal production of antibodies, leaving your body's immune system weakened and susceptible to infection

• Lymphoma: Cancer of the Lymphatic system. Abnormal lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that fights infection, become lymphoma cells, which multiply and collect in your lymph nodes. Over time, these cancerous cells impair your immune system. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2dh2sCHTiuw&list=PLD389916CB1F17621&index=3

Leukocytosis

• Abnormal increase in WBC

• Most likely caused by a bacterial infection or dehydration

Leukopenia

• Abnormal decrease in the number of WBC

• Causes: medications, failure of bone marrow, chemotherapy

Thrombocytopenia

• Abnormal decrease in the number of circulating platelets

• Sx: Bruising, frequent nosebleeds

• Causes: failure of bone marrow, or increased platelet destruction by various factors

Diseases Associated With Coagulation Disorders• Disseminated intravasular coagulation

(DIC)— serious disorder in which the proteins that control blood clotting become overactive.

• Causes: cancer, septicemia, blood transfusion reactions, complications of pregnancy

• Sx: blood clots, severe bleeding, death

Diseases Associated With Coagulation Disorders• Thrombophilia is an abnormality

of blood coagulation that increases the risk of thrombosis (blood clots in blood vessels).[

• The most common conditions associated with thrombophilia are deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ko74IQNmh2Y&list=PLD389916CB1F17621&index=4

Diseases Associated With Coagulation Disorders• Hemophilia—hereditary disorder characterized by abnormal clotting

• Sx: excessive bleeding

• Tx: clotting factor transfusion