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Blending Traditionsin the New WorldColonial Days El Morro ElementaryFourth and Fifth GradeOur Colonial Days theme is Blending Traditions. [QUESTION] Who knows what the word tradition means? Ask the children for examples if Thanksgiving doesnt come up ask if they have a tradition coming up--

When we think about the Colonial period we should remember that it really marks the beginning of our American history. From the very beginning, America was born through people settling here from all different parts of the world they brought their cultures, values and beliefs to form a Country. Today we are going to talk about the traditions from first people who came to this country and how they were able to share with the Native Americans -- the people who were already here. [NEXT SLIDE]

1Can you imagine

MayflowerCargo ship not for people travel Carried 100 passengers Crew 2 dogs!!!Traveling across rough ocean waters, for 66 days, in cramped roomsCan you imagine what it would be like if your mom and dad told you that you were going to leave your home to build a new life in a place you have never been before? (QUESTION) Has anyone moved here from somewhere else? What did you think were you nervous or scared?

When the Pilgrims left Europe in August of 1620, they traveled in a boat that was basically not much bigger than a school bus. The boat was called the Mayflower. It wasnt even a ship designed to hold passengers, it was a cargo ship! The boat carried 100 passengers, a crew and even two dogs. The conditions were not pleasant. Because the waters were so rough they had to spend most of their time below the deck. It was cold, cramped and many were sick. The weather was so bad that they were blown off course. They were supposed to arrive in Virginia but ended landing in Massachusettes. [NEXT SLIDE]2The trip was the easy part!

And can you believe the trip was the easy part. But why did they want to come to this new land? Lets take a look at the video so you can see what it was like. [SPEAKER NOTE] Click the play arrow, the video will stop at 1.08minutes.

Well, it wasnt as easy at that, but they came to the new world for better opportunity. Some of you may already know the story. Did the Pilgrims have a better life right from the beginning?

Nooooo!!

[NEXT SLIDE]3Blending Traditions The early life of Pilgrims and the Wampanoags

Pilgrim and Wampanoag leaders

Coming together

We are going to talk about how blending traditions was so important in the colonial times. If the Pilgrims didnt blend by accepting the Native Americans and combine their traditions with their own they would not have survived, and we may have not been a country today.

Lets review what the early life of Pilgrims and the Native American tribe Wampanoags. We will also review who the leaders of the day were. And lastly, how their coming together began the America we know today.

[NEXT SLIDE]4Daily Life: HousingPilgrimsModeled after their English cottages timber frames with a steeply pitched roof that allowed for small storage or a sleeping area above the main room.WampanoagsWetus: the frame of a wetu was made of saplings bent into a circular shape. In the summer the frame was curved with woven grass. In the winter, bark.

They were so different in almost every way Lets take a look at their housing

The Pilgrims modeled their homes after their English cottages. They were timber frames with a steeply pitched roof that allowed for small storage or a sleeping area above the main room. They were sturdier than the Wampanoags homes but took a long time to build. It was hard to wait for the homes to be built in the middle of winter. In fact the first home they built, immediately burnt down.

The Wampanoags lived in Wetus: the frame of a wetu was made of saplings bent into a circular shape. In the summer the frame was curved with woven grass. In the winter, bark. The different roofing allowed their homes to be cool in the summer and kept the elements out in the winter.

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5Daily Life: FoodPilgrimsShellfish like mussels, cornbread, curds, hasty pudding. They ate three meals a day. The biggest mid-day. They did not use forks or knives. WampanoagsRabbit, squirrel, turkey and deer. They also ate a lot of fish since they were expert fishermen.

When we think of blending of traditions its easy to think of food for examples. [QUESTION] Who likes pizza? Was pizza originated in America? How about french fries or even sushi? We have many examples of food that have has been passed from earlier cultures and countries into our own.

The Pilgrims ate many of the same foods they ate in their homeland. They found shellfish and ate cornbread, curds and hasty pudding which is like an oatmeal. They also ate three meals a day. Its really hard for someone to go from eating three meals a day to starvation.

The Wampanoags ate what they could find in their area. They ate rabbit, squirrel, turkey and deer. They also ate a lot of fish since they were expert fishermen. They also ate a lot of wild berries and grains.

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6Daily Life: EducationPilgrimThere were no schools. Pilgrim children learned to reading and writing from their parents.WampanoagsBoys learned how to be expert hunters.

How about education do you think they built schools in those first years? No. The Pilgrims built homes to have shelter and survive. Wampanoags learned what they need to know to stay alive. They learned to use tools like bows and stone knives to hunt.

[NEXT SLIDE]7Daily Life: ChoresPilgrimFarming and tending to soil, storing food for the winter, tending to the fire and fetching water. WampanoagsHunting, and burying food and firewood underground for the winter months. Fetching water was equally important to the Wampanoags.

What about chores? Both cultures worked very hard. There was a lot to do. Some of the chores the Pilgrim children help with included farming and tending to soil, storing food for the winter, tending to the fire and fetching water. The Wampanoag childrens chores were not that much different. But the Wampanoags did something that the Pilgrims didnt and it helped them have more food and supplies during the winter. They would bury their food and supplies in the ground to keep them fresh and safe during the winter months.

So as you can see these early days were all about just staying alive. The days were filled with hard work, hunger and even fear.

[SPEAKER NOTE- CHECK IN FOR QUESTIONS]

[NEXT SLIDE]8Daily Life: DistrustWhat did the Pilgrims think?Wampanoags were savagesPuritan religion superiorHungry and sick Need the Wampanoags help to surviveFought with muskets

What did the Native Americans think?Afraid but curious of the PilgrimsMother earthWampanoags knew how to surviveWampanoags felt their land belonged to them they were there first!Fought with bows and arrowsLets put ourselves back in the very beginning when the Pilgrims finally landed and stepped off the Mayflower, they immediately began to work to provide shelter, hunt for food, grow crops make a place to live. But what happened? They didnt arrive until November. (QUESTION) Have any of you lived someplace north? What is the weather like in November? Is there snow sometimes in the winter? If theres snow is it hard to find animals to hunt? How about farming, is there a lot of farming in the winter?

Of course not. But what could the Pilgrims do? They were not about to ask the natives for help. They thought they were savages. Not only were they afraid them, they also thought they were beneath them.

Lets stop for a minute (QUESTION) Did the Pilgrims call themselves Pilgrims? No, they were called Puritans. Puritan identified their religion they are described a group who adheres to strict moral or religious principles. They considered themselves civilized.

(QUESTION) What does the name Pilgrim mean? Homeless Traveler

What did the Wampanoags think? Well, most of them had never seen someone from European dissent. (QUESTION) Are people sometimes afraid of things that theyve never seen before? Sure- And they were also terrified of their muskets. What did they believe as a religion? Not the same as the Pilgrims, their God was Mother Earth, and believed in living off the land and that all living things share a connection.

As people they couldnt be more different. But in the end they needed each other. Although the Pilgrims probably needed the Wampanoags a little bit more considering they didnt know the land and they were starving and dying. Only of those on the Mayflower survived through the winter. They needed to learn from the Wampanoags to survive.

As for the Wampanoags, they wanted to trade goods with the pilgrims. This is what lead to a friendship and peace.

[NEXT SLIDE]9Leaders that brought the Pilgrims and Wampanoags together

Samoset: First Native American to come into contact with the Pilgrims, Welcome Englishmen.

William Bradford: Helped the Pilgrims and Native Americans form a friendship and blend their traditionsSquanto: Spoke even better English and helped the Pilgrims survive the first winter.

So now lets talk about the leaders of Colonial days. Although the cultures were very different, they needed to come together to survive. One of the first Native American leaders of the time was Samoset. He was recognized as the first Native American to come into contact with the Pilgrims and speak English to them. He is noted for saying Welcome Englishmen to William Bradford and Captain Miles Standish.

Squanto was also Wampanoag. Samoset brought Squanto to the Pilgrims village because he could speak even better English, and communicate and teach them about the land, how to fish, farm, make crops, eat the right berries and all of the other things to help them survive.

William Bradford was a Pilgrim and open to listening to the Wampanoags. He was responsible for beginning the a friendship between the Pilgrims and Native Americans. It was his leadership that helped the Pilgrims accept the ways of the Wompanoags and end the fighting.

[NEXT SLIDE]10Pilgrim-Wampanoag Our Countrys First Peace Treaty

In early spring of 1621, Samoset and Squanto appeared in the village of Plymouth with some skins and newly caught and dried herrings to trade. They told the colonists that the great Sachem Massasoit was nearby with his brother Quadequina and all their men. About an hour later Massasoit came to the top of the hill with some sixty of his men. However, the Pilgrims were not willing to send their governor to meet them, and the Indians were unwilling to come to them. Squanto went again to Massasoit and brought back word that Massasoit wished to have trade and peace with them, asking the Pilgrims to send someone to parley with him.

Governor Carver finally agreed to meet with Chief Massasoit, the story goes that ate and drank together and agreed to the following:1.That neither should hurt any of their people. 2. If one did hurt their people, the offender should be sent for punishment. 3. Stolen items should be returned. 4. Each would aid in any wars. 5. When either came, they should leave their weapons behind. 6. They are friends of one-another.

The importance of this treaty is two-fold. One- it allowed the Pilgrims and Wampanoags to live peacefully and be allies, and two- this was our nations first peace treaty.

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Our historys greatest example of blending our traditions together is ThanksgivingKnown as the Thanksgiving Feast (Fall 1621)Pilgrims celebrated days of thanksgiving as part of their religion. They were not days of prayer but days of feasting.Pilgrims and the Wampanoag came together to celebrate the colonys first successful harvest did you know that they didnt eat turkey but duck and venison. Cranberry sauce and mashed potatoes werent even invented yet! Instead they ate seafood, cabbage, onions, corn and squash!

did you know that the feast was not just one meal but several meals over a week long celebrationBecause of the treaty, the Pilgrims and Wampanoags eventually accepted each other, began to trust each other and learn from each other and began to share their ways of life. This blend of cultures created new ways of doing things and even new traditions. Our historys greatest example of blending these early traditions together is Thanksgiving!

Thanksgiving was actually a feast that lasted over an entire week. They were celebrating the Pilgrims first successful harvest. Chief Massasoit traveled two days to come to their celebration. The Wampanoags brought many gifts to the Pilgrims to celebrate their harvest and enjoy the feast.

[QUESTION] Did they have turkey at the first Thankgiving feast? How about cranberry sauce or mashed potatoes?

[NEXT SLIDE]12Blending Traditions Timeline

Sept 16, 1620 Mayflower leaves England for America.

Nov 9, 1620 Land is sighted Cape Cod, MA.

Dec 11, 1620 Pilgrims establish their first colony Plymouth.

Mar 16, 1621 Samoset introduces himself to Pilgrims .

Spring 1621 William Bradford becomes the colonys first governor

Fall 1621 Pilgrims invite the Wampanaog to join them for the feast

Fall 1621 Pilgrims harvest their first crops and decide to celebrate with a feast

Winter 1620-21 Pilgrims struggle to make shelter, first completed structure catches fire.

Mar 22, 1621 Pilgrims sign a peace treaty with Massosoit. They learn how to fish, plant crops and hunt. Lets recap by going over the timeline of when the Pilgrims first came to America to first historical example of blending traditions our Nation has.

[SPEAKER NOTES] Click on dots in chronological order and the caption and pictures will appear.

1) Sept 16, 1620 Mayflower leaves England for America.2) Nov 9, 1620 Land is sighted Cape Cod, MA.3) Dec 11, 1620 Pilgrims establish their first colony Plymouth.4) Winter 1620-21 Pilgrims struggle to make shelter, first completed structure catches fire. 5) Mar 16, 1621 Samoset introduces himself to Pilgrims . 6) Mar 22, 1621 Pilgrims sign a peace treaty with Massosoit. They learn how to fish, plant crops and hunt. 7) Spring 1621 William Bradford becomes the colonys first governor 8) Fall 1621 Pilgrims harvest their first crops and decide to celebrate with a feast9) Fall 1621 Pilgrims invite the Wampanaog to join them for the feast

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