“NEGRO” JOBS, “WHITE” JOBSBlack and White Workers in Ante-bellum America

ROBERT SMALLS (1839 – 1915)-Stole the Confederate USS Planter 1862- SC House of Representatives During Reconstruction

SLAVE SOCIETY- COERCION- VIOLENCE- SEXUAL EXPLOITATION- SLAVE PATROLS- LAWS CONTROLLING SLAVE AND BLACK BEHAVIOR

MARKET REVOLUTION 1812 – 1860- Raw Materials from South, Rural North and West- Manufacturing in North- Trans-Continental Transportation- Creation of Markets

THE COTTON KINGDOM

1830: South = 300,000 bales of cotton per year1860: South = 5 million bales of cotton per year 75% of world’s cotton supply 4 million slaves, more than all other slave societies combined

TASK SYSTEM OF SLAVE LABOR- Individual plots of land or type of crop- Foodstuffs (sweet potatoes, greens)- Blacks trade / barter with poor whites- pre-Revolution: interracial farm laborers- 1800 – 1865: all-black slave labor

GANG SYSTEM OF SLAVE LABOR- Plantation Cultivation: Set Amount per day- Cash Crops (cotton, sugar, rice)- Blacks work independently of whites, white overseer

“I would do my best to hasten the day when the color of the skin would be no barrier to equal school rights.”

William C. Nell, 1855

ABIEL SMITH SCHOOL (1835 – 1855)

DRED SCOTT DECISION 1857

Dred Scott (c. 1799 – 1858) Harriett Scott (d. 1873)-Scott enslaved to the Blow family in VA, sold to Dr. John Emerson of MO-1836: Scott “marries” Harriett; they have two children-1842: John Emerson marries Irene Sanford. -1846: John Emerson dies; his estate is handled by John Sanford-1849: After offering Irene Sanford $300 for his freedom, he sues for his freedom in court

Chief Justice Robert Brook Taney

“A Negro has no rights that a White Man is Bound to Respect”

-African-Americans are Not Citizens-Slavery can exist wherever slaves are brought as property- Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional- Citizenship is reserved for white men

AME Church, 1816 “God our Father, Christ our Redeemer, Man our Brother”

-African Free Schools- Freedom’s Journal, 1827- New England Anti-Slavery Society- American Anti-Slavery Society- Legal Challenge to White Supremacy

Rev. Richard Allen(1760 – 1831)

Charles Lenox Remond(1810 – 1873)

“I would do my best to hasten the day when the color of the skin would be no barrier to equal school rights.”

William C. Nell, 1855

1850, William and Ellen Craft

“We went to bed one night old-fashioned, conservative, compromise Union Whigs and waked up stark mad Abolitionists.”(Amos Adams Lawrence, former Conscience Whig, on the Burns affair.)