bitumen test-part b

7/28/2019 Bitumen Test-part B

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BITUMINOUS LAYERS


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Properties of Bitumen


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Introduction

Aggregate(Natural) : Ignious Charnite, Oranite

: Metamorphic - Sihist, Gneas Dindigul, Ramnad, etc.: Sedimental - Laterite, Lime stone, Kenkar, Koral stone

(Artificial) : Blast Furnace Slag, Synopal, Broken Cube, Brick Jelly

Binders :BITUMEN TAR

Process: Fractional distillation Destructive distillationIn the order of decreasing volatility

Gasoline Dehydrated Coal TarKerosene Light OilDiesel Carbolic OilLight Lube Oil Napthelene OilHeavy Lube Oil Wash OilBitumen Anthralene Oil

Pitch


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BITUMEN : Is the by product of the distillation or evaporation ofCRUDE PETROLEUM either by natural process orin a refinery and is the basic constituent of asphalt.(British Name) Fractional distillation

ASPHALT : A mixture of bitumen and mineral matter whichmay occur in natural deposits or be produced byartificial means. (American Name)

TAR : Is the by product in the manufacture of gas fromcoal. Resulting initially from the destructive

distillation ofCOAL which has been so refined as tobe suitable for road work.

Has some volatile oils which evaporate by exposure,leaving the tar brittle and friable. That is whyoverheating of tar is prohibited.

Introduction


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1) 10/20

S15 (Grade based on Penetration value) for Mastic Asphalt

2) 30/40 S35 (Grade based on Penetration value)



5) Modified BitumenCRMB 50, CRMB55, CRMB 60 (Grade based on Softening Point)(Crump Rubber Modified Bitumen)

Physical Constituents of Bitumen:1) Asphaltic (Solid state)

2) Maltene (Semi solid state)

3) Volatile oil (Liquid state)

Grades of Bitumen


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Properties of Bitumen

Sl.

No.

Properties

IS: 73 1992

Grade of Bitumen

S 35 S 65 S 90

1 Penetration at 25C, 1/10mm 30-40 60-70 80-100

2 Softening point, C 50-65 40-55 35-50

3 Specific gravity at 27C, min 0.99 0.99 0.99

4 Flash point, C, min 175 175 175

5 Water, percent by mass, max 0.2 0.2 0.2

6 Viscosity at 60C, poises 2500500 1000200 500100

7 Ductility at 27C, cm, min 50 75 75

Other grades of bitumen are S15, S45, S55, S200

Here S refers to Paving Bitumen Type 1, which has low wax content. Similarly Paving Bitumen

Type 2 are A35, A55, A65 & A90 where A refers to Paving Bitumen having high wax content.


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Tests on bitumen and aggregate


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Properties of Modified Bitumen (CRMB)

Table 5 of IRC: SP 53-2002

To be Supplied hot at 125C - 175C in insulated tankers

with suitable agitating devices or in packed drums,

bags or boxes.CRMB

DesignationGrade and Requirements

Method of TestCRMB 50 CRMB 55 CRMB 60

Penetration at 25C, 0.1mm, 100g, 5 Sec. < 70 < 60 < 50 IS: 1203 - 1978

Softening Point, C (R&B), Minimum 50 55 60 IS: 1205 - 1978

Elastic Recovery of Half Thread in

Ductilometer at 15C, %, Minimum50 50 50

Appendix 1 ofIRC: SP 53-2002

Flash Point, COC, C, Min. 220 220 220 IS: 1206 1978

Separation, Diffrence in Softening Point,

R&B, C, Maximum4 4 4

Appendix 2 ofIRC: SP 53-2002

Thin FilmOven Test (TFOT) on Resid ue(IS: 9382 - 1992)Penetration at 25C, 0.1mm, 100g, 5 Sec.,

Minimum % of Original 60 60 60 IS: 1203 1978

Increase in Softening Point, C (R&B),

Minimum 7 6 5 IS: 1205 1978

Elastic Recovery of Half Thread in

Ductilometer at 25C, %, Minimum 35 35 35

Appendix - 1 of

IRC: SP 53-2002


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Effect of TemperatureTable: 500-5 of MoRT&H

Manufacturing and Rolling Temperatures

Bitumen

Penetration

Bitumen Mixing

(C)

Aggregate Mixing

(C)

Mixed Material

(C)Rolling (C) Laying (C)

35 160 - 170 160 - 175 170 Maximum 100 Minimum 130 Minimum



* The difference in temperature between the binder and aggregate should at no time exceed 14C.

Laying of bituminous mixtures shall not be carried out when the air temperature at the surface on which it is to be laid isbelow 10C or when the wind speed at any temperature exceeds 40 km/h at 2m height unless specifically approved by

the Engineer.

Overlapping on successive passes by at least one-third of the width of the rear roll or in the case of a pneumatic-tyred roller,

at least the nominal width of 300mm.

Initial rolling shall be done with 8-10 tonnes dead weight smooth-wheeled rollers. Intermediate rolling shall be done with 8-10

tonnes dead weight or vibratory roller or with a pneumatic tyred roller of 12 to 15 tonnes weight having nine wheels, with

a tyre pressure of at least 5.6 kg/sqcm. The finish rolling shall be done with 6-8 tonnes smooth wheeled tandem rollers.

Moving speed shall be not more than 5 km per hour.


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BROAD RANGE OF VISCOSITY AND TEMPERATURE

REQUIREMENTS FOR MODIFIED BINDERS

AS PER IRC: SP 53-2002

Stage of work Viscosity Temperature C

Binder at mixing Maximum 2 poises 165 to 185

Mix at mixing plant Maximum 4 poises 140 to 160

Mix at laying site Maximum 5 poises 130 to 150

Rolling at laying site 10 - 1000 poises 115 to 135

Range of Viscosity and Temperature - CRMB


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EMULSION : A freely flowing liquid at ordinary temperature in (IS:217-1978) which a substantial amount of bitumen is suspended

in a solution of water. 50-65% bitumen and 35-50%water. 3 grades Rapid Setting, MS & SS.

When applied the water soaks in or evaporatesallowing the bitumen particles to reunite and lie onthe surface.

CUT BACK : A solution of bitumen in a volatile or partly volatile (IS:8887-1978) solvent such as petrol (Gasoline), kerosene or

creosote & diesel. 80% bitumen and 20% solvent.

3 types - Rapid Curing, MC & SC.

Types of bituminous material


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EMULSION: Rapid Setting-1 RS-1

Rapid Setting-2 RS-2

Medium Setting MS

Slow Setting-1 SS-1

Slow Setting-2 SS-2

CUTBACK

Rapid Curing RC 70, RC 250, RC 800 & RC 30000

Medium Curing MC 30, MC 70, MC 250, MC 800 & MC 3000

Slow Curing SC 70, SC 250, SC 800 & SC 3000

Friday, June 28, 2013

Types of Emulsion and Cutback


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Viscosity requirement and Quantity ofLiquid Bituminous Primer

Type of surface Kinematic Viscosity of

Primer at 60C

(Centistokes)Quantity of Liquid

Bituminous Material per 10Sq.m.(kg.)

Low porosity 30-60 6 to 9

Mediumporosity

70-140 9 to 12

High porosity 250-500 12 to 15

Rate of application of Tack Coat

Type of surface Quantity of Liquid Bituminous Material in Kg.per sq.m. area

Normal bituminous surface 0.20 to 0.25

Dry and hungry bituminous surface 0.25 to 0.30

Granular surfaces treated with primer 0.25 to 0.30

Non bituminous surfaces

a) Granular base (not primed) 0.35 to 0.40

b) Cement concrete pavement 0.30 to 0.35


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Climate Traffic(CVD) Bituminous Course Grade of Bitumen

Hot Any BM,BPM,BUSG 60/70

Moderate Cold Any BM,BPM,BUSG 80/100

Any

Heavy Loads,

Expressways,

Urban roads DBM,SDBC,BC

60/70

Hot/Moderate Any PC 50/60 or 60/70

Cold Any PC 80/100

Hot/Moderate Any Mastic Asphalt 15+_5

Cold Any Mastic Asphalt 30/40

SELECTION OF GRADE OF BITUMEN


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Sl.NO

Type of Base

/Binder course

Type ofBituminous

wearing course Annual Rainfall

Design

Traffic(msa)

1WBM/WMM/BU

SG

20mm PC with

Sand seal coatL & M < 10

20mm PCSC L,M and H


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Either wearing course / Binder course with wearing courseWearing courses are surface dressing , PCSC, MSS, SDBC and BC

Binder courses are BM & DBM

BM may be designed to carry traffic


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PAVEMENTS1. FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT (IRC: 37 2001)

2. RIGID PAVEMENT (IRC: 58 2002)

DESIGN LIFE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS: 15 Years ( NH and SH) and

20 Years ( Express Way);

10 to 15 Years (For Other categories)

IS - Indian Standards

BS - British Standards

ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials

AASTHO - American Association of State Highwayand Transportation Officials


General Discussion


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ALLOWABLE LIMITS AS PER MORTH FREQUENCY AS PER MORTH

S.No Type of Test PC with SC BM DBM SDBC BC Test Method Frequency

1

Quality of Binder

( Penetration/Viscocity,

Ductility/Softening point)

IS : 73 IS : 73 IS : 73 IS : 73 IS : 73IS : 1203, IS: 1205, IS:

1206 & IS: 1208Two Tests Per Lot

2 Temperature of binder 150 - 165 150 - 165 150 - 165 150 - 165 150 - 165Take 500-5MORTH

(Rev-4)At regular close intervals

3 Aggregate Impact Value Max 30 % Max 30 % Max 27 % Max 27 % Max 24% IS: 2386(Part-4) One test per 50m of aggregate

4Flakiness index &

Elongation index__ Max 30 Max 30 Max 30 Max 30 IS: 2386(Part-1) One test per 50m of aggregate

5 Stripping of Aggregate Minimum Retained Coating 95 % IS: 6241One set of 3 specimens for each source

of supply.

6 Water Absorption Max 1% Max 2% Max 2% Max 2% Max 2% IS: 2386(Part-3)One set of 3 specimens for each source of

supply.

7 Grading of AggregateTable 500-23

MORTH

Table 500 -4

MORTH

Table 500-10

MORTH

Table 500-15

MORTH

Table 500-

18

MORTH

IS: 2720(Part-4)

Two tests per day per plant both on the

individual Constituents and mixed

aggregates from the dryer.

One test per 25m of aggregates (for

PCSC)

8 Binder Content 4.32 %

(50-75mm)

3.3-3.5%

(80-100)

3.1-3.4%

(50-75mm)

Min4.5%

(80-100)

Min4%

(50-75mm)

Min5%

(80-100)

Min4.5%

(50-75mm)

5-7%

(80-100)

5-6%

MORTH (Rev-4) Minimum Two tests per day.

9Density of Compacted

layer

Density of Compacted

layerOne test per 250m of area.

PARTB (Bituminous Layers)

bitumen test-part b

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