birds of sri lanka. part

7/28/2019 Birds Of Sri Lanka. Part

1/23

COMMON WETLAND BIRDS


2/23

COMMON, ENDEMIC & THREATENED BIRDS IN SRI LANKA

2 0

1. LESSER WHISTLING-DUCK Dendrocygna javanicaHin Tamba-seruva ySka ;U-fiarejd40cm. Brownish body. Darker wings with chestnut-maroon patch onforewing in flight. Brown cap. Most active at dusk and night. Marshes,

tanks, paddy-fields and other wetlands. Very common. BrR. LC.

2. COTTON PYGMY-GOOSE Nettapus coromandelianusMal-seruva u,a-fiarejd33cm. Male: white head and neck, black cap, broad white wing bar, black

breast band. Female: Brown-black upper parts, dark mottles on breast, darkeye strip. Thin white trailing edge in flight. Marshes, paddy-fields, tanks

and other wetlands. Common. BrR. LC. Less common in WZ.

3. GARGANEY Anas querquedulaGagani Seruva .d.ks fiarejd38cm. Male: curved white supercilium, brown breast and grey flanks.Female: Pale supercillium, whitish loreal area. Marshes, tanks, lagoons,coastal waters. Very common. Migrant. LCDZ.

4. NORTHERN PINTAIL Anas acutaUturu Ulpenda Seruva W;=re W,afm| fiarejd78cm.(Male); 56cm. (Female). Male: white streak on side of neck and longtail. Female: mottled brown, slender, pointed tail. Marshes, tanks, lagoons,coast. Very common. Migrant. LC.

5 . LITTLE GREBE Tachybaptus ruficollisPunchi Gembituruva mqx f.;=rejd25cm. Reddish brown body. NBr: brownish cheeks and flanks. Br: yellowpatch at base of the bill. Fresh or slightly saline stagnant water, usuallywith weeds. Common. BrR. LC.

6. SPOT-BILLED PELICAN Pelecanus philippensisTit-hota Pestuduva ;s;afydg meia;=vqjd140cm. Dirty white body, pouch attached to the lower mandible and blackspots on the upper mandible. When swimming 3/4 of the body above thewater mark. Tanks, lagoons. Very common. BrR. LCDZ (Birds originallyreleased from the Dehiwala Zoo, have established a breeding colony aroundColombo).

PLATE 1


3/23

1

2

3

4

6

5


4/23


2 2

1. SLATY-LEGGED CRAKE Rallina eurizonoidesAlupa Kereliya wmd fl/


5/23

2

4

5 6

7

8

1

3


6/23


2 4

1. BLACK-TAILED GODWIT Limosa limosaKalupenda Gohoduvitta lfm| f.dfyd;a;d40cm. Gently sloping forehead. Long straight black bill. Grey-brown upperparts. Black band at tip of tail. In flight: white wing bar, legs projected

beyond tail. Marshes, mud- flats, lagoons, paddy-fields. Common. Migrant.LCDZ.

2. COMMON REDSHANK Tringa totanusPodu Ratpa Silibilla fmd r;amd is,s,a,d28cm.Yellowish red, long legs. In flight: broad white bar on trailing edgeof wing. Marshes, coast, lagoons. Very Common. Migrant. LC.

3. MARSH SANDPIPER Tringa stagnatilisVaguru Silibilla j.=re is,s,a,d

25cm. Small head with long greenish legs. Straight, pointed black bill. Mars-hes, mud-flats, lagoons, coast. Very common. Migrant. LC. More commonin DZ.

4. COMMON GREENSHANK Tringa nebulariaPodu Palapa Silibilla fmd m,dmd is,s,a,d35cm. Slightly upcurved grey bill with long greenish legs. Marshes,mud-flats, coast, lagoons. Common. Migrant. LC. More common in thecoastal DZ.

5. WOOD SANDPIPER Tringa glareolaVana Silibilla jk is,s,a,d23cm. Eye brow extends beyond eye. Legs greenish yellow. Marshes, paddy-fields, mud-flats, lagoons. Common. Migrant. LC. More common in coastalareas.

6. COMMON SANDPIPER Actitis hypoleucosPodu Silitta fmd is,s;a;d20cm. Continuous bobbing action when feeding. In flight: prominent whitewing bar. Marshes, ponds, coast, mud-flats, paddy-fields, lagoons. Verycommon. Migrant. Also summer loiterer. All zones.

7. CURLEW SANDPIPER Calidris ferrugineaKalika Hinna ld,sld yskakd21cm. Long down-curved black bill. Marshes, mud-flats, lagoons. Verycommon. Migrant. Coastal areas of LCDZ.

8 . LITTLE STINT Calidris minutaPunchi Hinna mqx yskakd14cm. Straight, short black bill and dark legs. Often present in largenumbers. Marshes, mud-flats, lagoons, paddy-fields. Very common.Migrant. LC. More common in coastal DZ.

9 . RUDDY TURNSTONE Arenaria interpresRat Galperaliya r;a .,afmr


7/23

1

2

3

5

4

6

9

8

7


8/23


2 6

1. PINTAIL SNIPE Gallinago stenuraUlpenda Kesvatuva W,afm| leiajgqjd25cm. Dark brown upper parts highly marked by black, rufous, buff scales.White belly. Blunt tipped long bill. Prominant mantle and scapular stripes.Marshes, paddy-fields. Common. Migrant. All zones.

2. GREATER PAINTED-SNIPE Rostratula benghalensisRaja Ulu-kesvatuva rc W-leiajgqjd25cm. Whitish spectacle with white to buff behind eye. White under parts.Female: maroon head and neck, more blackish on breast; pale crown stripe.Male: dull in colour. Marshes, mud-flats, paddy-fields, lagoons. Re Loc.BrR. All zones. More common in DZ.

3. RED-WATTLED LAPWING Vanellus indicusRat Yatimal Kirala r;a hu,a lsr


9/23

1

2

5

6

7

3

4


10/23


2 8

1. PACIFIC GOLDEN PLOVER Pluvialis fulvaSetkara Ran Maha-oleviya fi;alr rka uy-Tf,hd25cm. Golden yellow markings on upper parts. Yellowish buff supercillium,neck and cheek. Br: black breast. Marshes, grassy areas bordering tanks,lagoons. Common. Migrant. LC. More common in DZ.

2 . GREY PLOVER Pluvialis squatarolaAlu Maha-oleviya w uy-Tf,hd28cm. Large head, black bill. Greyish upper parts. Black axillaries seenduring flight. Br: black face, throat, breast, and upper belly with broad whiteedging. Marshes, mud-flats, lagoons. Common. Migrant. LC .

3. KENTISH PLOVER Charadrius alexandrinusKenti Oleviya flka Tf,hd18cm. No breast band. Black patch on side of breast. Marshes, mud-flats,sand-banks, coasts, lagoons. Common. BrR and Migrant. LC. More commonin coastal areas of the DZ.

4. LITTLE RINGED PLOVER Charadrius dubiusPunchi Mala Oleviya mqx ud, Tf,hd

16cm. Upper breast and upper back encircled by a black band. Eye ring,legs, and sometimes base of lower mandible, yellow. Marshes, mud-flats,sand-banks, gravel-banks, lagoons. Common. BrR and Migrant. LC. Morecommon in coastal areas. a: NBr; b: Br.

5. GREATER SAND PLOVER Charadrius leschenaultiiRaja Veli Oleviya rc je,s Tf,hd23cm. Bill longer than Lesser Sand plover. Paler legs. Marshes, mud-

flats, sand-flats, lagoons. Common. Migrant. LCDZ.

6. LESSER SAND PLOVER Charadrius mongolusHin Veli Oleviya ySka je,s Tf,hd20cm. Short, slimmer and less pointed bill. More rounded head. Dark brownor dark grey legs. Marshes, mud-flats, sand-flats, lagoons. Common.Migrant. Coastal wetlands of LC. a: NBr; b:Br.

7. SMALL PRATINCOLE Glareola lacteaPunchi Javaseriya mqx cjiershd18cm. Black line from eye to bill. Square-cut tail. Long wings. White wing

band in flight. Open country besides marshes, lagoons, dry river beds.Common. BrR. LCDZ.

PLATE 5


11/23

1

2

3

4

5

7

6

a

b

a

b

ab


12/23


3 0

1. BROWN-HEADED GULL Larus brunnicephalusBorahis Galuviya fndrysia .hd45cm. Dark blackish crescent mark behind eye. In flight: white window in

black primaries. Lagoons, coastal areas. Common. Migrant. LC

2. GULL-BILLED TERN Gelochelidon niloticaGalutudu Sayurulihiniya .;=vq ihqre


13/23


14/23


3 2

1. BRAHMINY KITE Haliastur indusBamunu Piyakussa nuqKq mshdl=iaid45cm. Brownish red upper parts; white head and breast. Juv: pale tail, darkunder-wing covert. Open country near tanks, coast. Very common. BrR.LC.

2. GREY-HEADED FISH EAGLE Ichthyophaga ichthyaetusRaja Aluhis Masukussarc wysia uiql=iaid71cm. Grey head. Lower belly, under tail coverts and basal 2/3 of tail white.Tanks. Re Loc. Common. BrR. LCDZ.

3. WHITE-BELLIED SEA EAGLE Haliaeetus leucogasterKusaeli Sayurukussal=iwe,s ihqrel=iaid

73cm. White head and under parts. Coast, large tanks, lagoons. Common.BrR. LC. Less in mid-country.

4. EURASIAN MARSH HARRIER Circus aeruginosusYurasiya Vaguru Herikussa hqrdishd j.=re yersl=iaid48-56cm. Buff head with lores, black around the eye. In flight: undersideof wing grey, outer primaries black. Female and Juv: pale patch at base ofprimaries; barred tail. Open marshlands, grasslands. Common. Migrant.All zones.

5. INDIAN CORMORANT Phalacrocorax fuscicollisIndu Diyakava bka oshldjd65cm. Long slender bill. NBr: white border to gular pouch. Br: white feathertuft behind eye, white speckles on head and neck. Juv: upper-parts dark

brown. Under parts dirty white. V-formation during flight. Tanks, riverswith stagnant pools, lagoons. Very common. BrR. LC.

6. LITTLE CORMORANT Phalacrocorax niger

Punchi Diyakava mqx oshldjd51cm. Short bill. Long tail. NBr: chin and upper throat white. Br: small creston forehead. Juv: dark brown; chin and throat dirty white. Tanks, riverswith stagnant pools, lagoons. Very common. BrR. LC.

7 GREAT CORMORANT Phalacrocorax carboMaha Diyakava uy oshldjd91cm. White cheeks, yellow throat. large bill. Br: large white flank patch,white feathers on nape and hindneck. In flight: neck held slightly above

the horizontal. Large tanks. Re Loc. Common. BrR. LCDZ.

8. DARTER Anhinga melanogasterAhikava wysldjd90cm. Long, slender, brown neck with dagger-like bill. Br: more white onneck. Tanks, rivers with stagnant pools, lagoons. BrR. LCDZ. Occasionallyin WZ.

PLATE 7


15/23

32

4

5

7

6

8

1


16/23


3 4

1 EURASIAN SPOONBILL Platalea leucorodiaYurasiya Hendialava hqrdishd ye|sw,jd84cm. Flattened spoon-shaped bill. Marshes, tanks, lagoons. Common. BrR.LCDZ. Rare vagrant to WZ.

2. PURPLE HERON Ardea purpureaKaravel Koka lrje,a fldld79cm. Black crown. Reddish brown neck with dark stripe. Dark under parts.Marshes, tanks, mangroves, paddy-fields, lagoons. Common. BrR. LC. Morecommon in WZ.

3. GREY HERON Ardea cinereaAlu Koka w fldld

94cm. Appears pale with grey above and white neck. Black line runningfrom eye, through nape to occipital region. Marshes, tanks, rivers,mangroves, paddy-fields, lagoons. Common. BrR. LCDZ. Occasionallyoccurs in WZ.

4. CATTLE EGRET Bubulcus ibisGava-koka .j-fldld51cm. NBr: completely white. Associated with ungulates. Br: head, neck,and back golden brown. Paddy-fields, pastures, marshes, garbage dumping

areas, Very common. BrR. LC. Occasionally visits HC. a: NBr. ; b: Br.

5. LITTLE EGRET Egretta garzettaPunchi Eli-koka mqx we,s-fldld61cm. Br: nape, breast and upper back has nuptial feathers. Marshes, paddy-fields, tank edges, mangroves, lagoons. Very common. BrR. LC and foot-hills along major rivers. Occasional visitor to HC.

6. INTERMEDIATE EGRET Mesophoyx intermediaSudu Medi-koka iq ueos-fldld71cm. NBr: dark green to black legs. Pale yellow lores. Br: black legs, yellow

bill, green lores; plumes on upper breast and lower back. Marshes, paddy-

fields, tanks, mangroves, lagoons, rivers. Common. BrR. LC.

7. GREAT EGRET Casmerodius albusMaha Sudu-koka uy iq-fldld

94cm. NBr: dark brown to black legs; yellow bill and pale green-yellowlores. Br: black bill and green lores; plumes on lower back only. Marshes,paddy-fields, mangroves, tanks, rivers, lagoons. Common. BrR. LCDZ.Sometimes visits HC and WZ. a: NBr; b: Br.

PLATE 8


17/23

2 3

4

5

6

7

1a

b

ab


18/23


3 6

1. INDIAN POND HERON Ardeola grayiiKana-koka lK-fldld46cm. Dark body contrasting with white of wings and tail in flight. Br:intensity of purple on back increases. NBr and Juv: streaked head and breast.Present in most wetlands. Very common. BrR. All Zones.

2 . LITTLE HERON Butorides striatusPalakoka m,d-fldld52cm. Slim. Grey-green plumage with dark upper parts. Commonly foundskulking among roots and bases of vegetation. Along shady rivers andstreams, mangroves. Common. BrR. LC coastal zones.

3 . YELLOW BITTERN Ixobrychus sinensisKaha Meti-koka ly ue-fldld38cm. Slim. Cap and tail black. Female: reddish brown crown and strea-ked. Juv: heavily streaked under parts. Confined to reed-beds, marshes withtall grass, paddy-fields, canals. Common. BrR. LCWZ. Some areas of DZand HC.

4. CINNAMON BITTERN Ixobrychus cinnamomeusKahabora Metikoka lyfndr ue-fldld38cm. Slim. Very pominent white chin. Female: speckled with white on

back and wing coverts. Active during early and late hours of the day.Marshes, reed-beds, mangroves. Common. BrR. LC and Lower HC.

5 BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT HERON Nycticorax nycticoraxRe-koka ?-fldld56cm. Black crown and back. White head plumes. Br: reddish legs. Juv:

brown with whitish spots above and brown streaks below. Roost duringday in colonies. Feeds during the night. A characteristic quack call heardon take off from roost and during flight. Marshes, mangroves, lagoons.Common. BrR. LC and foothills.

6 . BLACK BITTERN Dupetor flavicollis

Kalu Pili-koka l ms


19/23

1

2

4

5

3

a

b

6


20/23


3 8

1. WOOLLY-NECKED STORK Ciconia episcopusPadili Manava mdos,s udkdjd91cm. Black body, wings and crown. White neck, white vent and undertail coverts. Frequents wetlands, open grasslands and wooded areas closeto large water-bodies. Common. BrR. LCDZ.

2. BLACK-NECKED STORK Ephippiorhynchus asiaticusAli-manava w,s-udkdjd132cm. Neck and lower back region black. Marshes, rivers, tanks, lagoons.Re Range. BrR. LCDZ. Presently confined to the South-eastern coast. Fewrecords from North-eastern coastal region.

3. GREATER FLAMINGO Phoenicopterus ruber

Raja Siyakkaraya rc iShlaldrhd127cm. White plumage with a tinge of pink and scarlet. Black primariesand outer secondaries. Upper and under wing coverts rose pink to brightscarlet. Long pinkish red legs. Brackish water lagoons. Re Loc. Common.Migrant. North and South-eastern regions of the LCDZ.

4. PAINTED STORK Mycteria leucocephalaLatuvekiya ,;=jelshd102cm. Pink colour bare skin of face. White and glossy black plumage with

pink fringed wings. NBr: paler plumage. Juv: blackish grey or brownplumage. Feeds in groups. When feeding, the beak is dipped into the waterwhile moving steadily forward. Legs sometimes used to churn up mud.Breeds in colonies. Marshes, tanks, paddy-fields, lagoons. Very Common.BrR. LCDZ.

5. LESSER ADJUTANT Leptoptilos javanicusHin Bahuru-manava ySka nyqre udkdjd115 cm. Neck and head without feathers, yellowish skin and bill. In flight

neck tucked in. Marshes, drying pools and tanks in forests. Re Loc. BrR.South-east DZ.

6. BLACK-HEADED IBIS Threskiornis melanocephalusHisakalu Deketta ysilt oEle;a;d76cm.Black head and neck. Long, black down curved bill. NBr: no back

breast plumes. Marshes, tank-fringes, paddy-fields, lagoons. Common. BrR.LC. More common in DZ.

7. ASIAN OPENBILL Anastomus oscitansAsiya Vivaratuduva wdishd jr;=vqjd81cm. NBr: pale smokey grey and black plumage. Juv: darker. Marshes,tanks, rivers, paddy-fields, lagoons. Common. BrR. LC.

PLATE 10


21/23

2

1

6 7

3

4

5


22/23

1. STORK-BILLED KINGFISHER Halcyon capensisManatudu Medi-pilihuduva udkd;=vq ueos-ms


23/23

12

4

3

5

6 7

birds of sri lanka. part

Documents