Biomolecules

Carbohydrates• Elements: C, H, O

• Monomer: mono-saccharides

• Polymer: polysaccharides Glucose

Carbohydrates

• Function:– Energy storage– Identification on surface

of cell membrane Glucose

Lipids

• Elements: C, H, some O

• Subunits: glycerol + fatty acids

Phospholipid

Lipids

• Function: – Long term energy storage– Main part of cell membrane

• hydrophobic

Phospholipid

Proteins

• Elements: C, H, O, N

• Monomer: amino acids

• Polymer: polypeptide (protein)

Proteins• Function:

– Make reactions and cell processes happen

– Build bones and muscle– fight disease

Nucleic Acids

• Elements: C, H, O, N, P

• Monomer: nucleotides

• Polymer: DNA or RNA

Pyrimidines (DNA)

Purines (DNA)Nucleotides

Nucleic Acids

• Function:

• 1. Carry genetic info

Pyrimidines (DNA)

Purines (DNA)Nucleotides

Macromolecules

include

that consist of

which contain

that consist of that consist of that consist of

which contain which contain which contain

Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids Proteins

Sugars and starches

Fats and oils

Carbon,hydrogen,

oxygen

Carbon,hydrogen,

oxygen

Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen, nitrogen,

phosphorus

Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,

nitrogen

DNA and RNA

Nucleotides Amino AcidsGlycerol and Fatty Acids

Monosaccharides

Collagen, Keratin

Cell Membrane Structure

Extra cellular Fluid

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane Structure

Proteins

Add stability and some have carbohydrates attached

Cell Membrane Structure

Carbohydrates

Act as chemical ID tags

Cell Membrane Structure

Protein channel

Allow larger or charged molecules to pass through the membrane by facilitated diffusion.

Cell Membrane Structure

Phospholipids

Flexible, yet strong barrier of the cell; is semipermeable.

Cell Membrane Structure

Hydrophilic head

Hydrophobic tail

Macromolecule reteach

Explain which biomolecule is represented…

There may be more than one…

Contains Carbon

Carbohydrate

Protein

Lipid

Nucleic Acid

Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Nucleic Acid

Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

Carbohydrate

Protein

Lipid

Nucleic Acid

Contains Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen

Protein

Nucleic Acid

The main part of the cell membrane (yellow in the diagram)

Lipid

The passageways through the cell membrane (pink in the diagram)

Protein

The “identification tags” the cell membrane (blue in the diagram)

Carbohydrate

A long string of Amino Acids

Protein

• Function is to make up the cell membrane that won’t dissolve in water

• Lipids

A polysaccharide

Carbohydrate

Monosaccharide

DNA

Nucleic Acid

• Function is to carry genetic information

• Nucleic acids

Large, complex folding chain of amino acids

Protein

Amino acids

• Function is for energy storage and usage

• Lipid and Carbohydrate

A dissaccharide

Carbohydrate

Monosaccharide

Monomer: nucleotide

• Nucleic Acid

Nucleotide

Key

Adenine (A)

Thymine (T)

Cytosine (C)

Guanine (G)

• Function is to build bones and muscle

• Proteins

Phospholipids

Lipid

Hemoglobin transports oxygen in our blood.

Protein

• Function is to control cell functions

• Protein