biomes - polk county school district 15-16.pdf · • the marine biome is the biggest biome in the...
TRANSCRIPT
Biomes • Earth has SEVEN major biomes:
• Marine
• Tropical rain forest
• Grassland
• Desert
• Temperate deciduous forest
• Tundra
• Taiga
Aquatic Biomes
• Covers about 75% of the Earth's surface
• Freshwater and saltwater
• Wide variety of animals and plants
Saltwater • The marine biome is the
biggest biome in the world!
– It covers about 70% of the earth.
• Includes oceans, coral reefs,
and estuaries(river flows into
ocean).
• Five main oceans: the Pacific,
Atlantic, Indian, Arctic &
Southern, as well as many
smaller Gulfs and Bays.
Tropical Rain Forest • Location: the Amazon in
South America, Central Africa, mainly involving Zaire, & Southeast Asia.
• Warm temperatures all year • 68 F-93 F
• Abundant rain fall all year • 150 cm per year (177 in)
• 49 in per year in Ga
• Soil is thin & lacks nutrients.
Rainforest Plants
• Lush, thick forests
• Canopy consists of uppermost branches of trees
• Trees have short roots
• Plants grow on trees to get sunlight
Bromeliads
Epiphytes
Buttress Roots
Orchids
Rainforest Animals • Home to
more than half of the world’s animals
• Range from tiny insects to large mammals
Macaw
Toucan
Jaguar Spider Monkey
Poison-Arrow Frog Boa Constrictor Morpho Butterfly
Grassland • Located: Africa, South America, Eurasia, and the plains of North America
• Hot summers & cold winters • Temperatures range from 100 F to -
40 F.
• 10 and 35 inches of precipitation a year, much of it occurring in the late spring and early summer
• Soils that are nutrient-rich from the growth and decay of deep, many-branched grass roots
Grassland Plants • Primary plant life is grass
• Trees & large shrubs are largely absent
Cottonwood Willow
Purple Needlegrass
Buffalo Grass Blazing Stars
Asters
North American Grassland Animals • Herbivores dominant-Animals that eat only plants
Bison
Pronghorn Prairie Dog
Coyote
Hawk
African Grassland Animals
Elephant
Caracal
Lion Zebras
Emu
Chacma Baboon African Wild Dog
DESERT • Located: North & South
America, Africa, Australia
• Temperature ranges from 64 F-120 F
• VERY dry climate – South America=less than 1.5
cm a year
– North America=almost 28 cm a year
• Soils are coarse-textured, shallow, rocky or gravely
Desert Plants • Plants have long roots & the ability to collect &store
water
Asian Mustard Elephant Tree
Mojave Yucca
Barrel Cactus Popcorn Flowers
Desert Animals • Nocturnal animals live in deserts, they come out at night to
avoid the high temperatures
Sonoran Desert Toad Arizona Bark Scorpion Greater Roadrunner
Black-Tailed Jackrabbit Meerkat Texas Horned Lizard
Temperate Deciduous Forest • Biome where you live!
• Located: Eastern half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and Japan
• 4 distinct seasons
• Average temperature=50 F
• Average rainfall per year=30-60 inches
• Soil is thick and rich in nutrients to support a variety of plants
Temperate Deciduous Forest Plants Deciduous trees found here=lose their leaves in the fall
Maple Tree Ferns
Oak Tree Birch Tree
Beech Tree
Lichen
Temperate Deciduous Forest Animals • Animals must be able to adapt to changing seasons
Broad-Winged Hawk
Ladybug Opossum Raccoon
White-Tailed Deer Turtle
Tundra • Located: Alaska, Northern
Canada, edges of Greenland,
Northern Scandinavia,
northern Siberia, & Russia
• Long, cold winters and short,
summers (snow can fall in
summer)
• Temperature ranges from -18 F-
20 F
• 6-10 inches of rain a year
• Soil is frozen=permafrost
Tundra Plants
Bearberry
Caribou Moss
Diamond Leaf Willow Tufted Saxifrage
Tundra Animals
Polar Bear
Arctic Fox Grizzly Bear
Arctic Hare
Snowy Owl
Taiga • Located: Alaska,
Canada, Scandinavia,
and Russia; spreading
through the Northern
Hemisphere.
• Temperature range 25 F-
50 F
• Winter precipitation=snow
annually about 20-40 inches.
• Rainfall usually occurs in the
summer=10-20 inches
• Soil lacks nutrients
Taiga Plants • Coniferous trees dominate this biome=have cones
Pine Tree
Douglas Fir Tree
HemlockTree
Taiga Animals • Mammals with heavy fur coats can be found living
in this biome
Fox
Caribou
Reindeer Mink
Grey Wolf